modern ignition system

1. By:
GANESH
Under Guidance of:
SANGANGOUDA
PATIL

2. Introduction
• A system for igniting a fuel-air mixture
• Known in the field of IC engines.
• Petrol engines today use an electric spark for
ignition

3. Spark Plug Ignition System
• Commonly referred as petrol engine systems
• Used to run on furls such as petrol, gasoline, auto
gas, compressed natural gas, hydrogen and nitro-methane.

4. Spark Plug
• Central electrode
• Insulator
• Gas tight seal
• Metal tongue

5. Fuel inlet
Spark plug
Ignition
Exhaust gas
Working
• High voltage generated
• Voltage difference developed
• Gas expansion takes place

6. Application
 Used in almost all automobiles
 Used in generators
 Machinery where large amount of fuel is to be burnt.
 In Gas Engines
 In trimmers and chain saws

7. Advantages
 Copper and iridium spark plugs have got long life
 Lower voltage is required.
 Increases the engine efficiency.
 Installation and maintenance cost is low.

8. Disadvantages
 Damaged/problematic spark plug decreases
efficiency.
 More amount of CO2 is released.
 Less efficient compared to the other.

9. Homogeneous Charge Compression
Ignition System
 Mixed fuel and air are compressed to the point of
auto-ignition.
 This exothermic reaction releases chemical energy.

10. Working
 Mixed fuel is injected.
 compressed to high enough temperature and
pressure.

11. Advantages
 HCCI provides up to a 30-percent fuel savings.
 HCCI engines can operate on gasoline, diesel fuel,
and most alternative fuels.
 Cheaper than presently used engines.
 Reduction in the CO2 and NOx content in the
exhaust gas.
 Lowers combustion temperature.

12. Dis-advantages
 Higher cylinder peak pressures may damage the
engine
 Auto-ignition is difficult to control
 HCCI Engines have a smaller power range

13. Spark Igniter Vs. HCCI Igniter
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
THERMAL Efficiency CO2 CONTENT
Spark Igniter
HCCI Igniter

14. Laser Igniter
Lasers are monochromatic
only one wavelength and one
direction.

15. Working
 All starts with the electrons
 Electron releases energy
 By having:
- Population Inversion
- Stimulated Emission
- Strategic Planting of Mirrors
A nano-second of pulse is generated.

16. Ad v ant a g e s
 Shorter ignition delay time and shorter combustion
time
 Fuel-lean ignition possible
 Lasers promise less pollution and greater fuel
efficiency
 Laser use will reduce erosion.

17. Disadvantages
 High system costs
 Concept proven, but no commercial system available
yet.

18. Spark igniter vs. Laser Igniter
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Thermal efficiency CO in Exhaust Gas
Spark Igniter
laser igniter

19. WHICH ONE IS THE BEST?

20. Conclusion
 Laser and HCCI Igniters promise less pollution and
greater fuel efficiency, but making small, powerful
lasers has, until now, proven hard.
 Thermal Efficiency of the engines can be increased to
a small extent i.e. 10-20%.

21. REFERANCES
 [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignition_system
 [2] http://alternativefuels.about.com/od/glossary/g/sparkignition.htm
 [3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_igniti
on
 [4] http://www.ecogeek.org/content/view/1631/
 [5] Applied Thermal Engineering, Unit-4 Ignition Systems
 [6] Laser Ignition for Internal Combustion Engines, Nick DeMarco
presentation
 [7] Laser Plasma-Initiated Ignition Of Engines, J. Tauer, H. Kofler, K.
Iskra, G. Tartar And E. Wintner
 [8] Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine-Need
for Society, Prof. Sanjay Harip Government Polytechnic, Nasik, India
June, 16th ,2009