Evolution of Electric Vehicle History of Electric Vehicle Advantages of EV Disadvantages of EV Examples Application

1. EVOLUTION OF ELECTRIC
VEHICLE
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
AISSMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PUNE
DR PRIYA GAJJAL
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

2. Evolution of Electric Vehicle

3. Introduction
History
Comparison with internal combustion engines
How electric Car works ?
Currently available electric cars
Advantages and disadvantages
Future

4. Introduction
• An electric car is an alternative fuel automobile that uses electric
motors and motor controllers for propulsion, in place of more common
propulsion methods such as the internal combustion engine (ICE).
• Electric cars are specifically a variety of electric vehicle intended for
use as a road-going automobile.
• Electric cars are commonly powered by on-board battery packs, and as
such are battery electric vehicles (BEVs)
• Electric cars currently enjoy relative popularity in countries around the
world for their eco-friendly nature.

5. History
• The invention of the electric vehicle is attributed to various people,
including the Hungarian inventor of the electric motor, Ányos Jedlik,
Vermont blacksmith Thomas Davenport, Professor Sibrandus Stratingh
of Groningen, the Netherlands, and Scotsmen Robert Davidson and
Robert Anderson.
• The invention of improved battery technology, including efforts by
Gaston Plante in France in 1865, as well as his fellow countryman
Camille Faure in 1881, paved the way for electric cars to flourish in
Europe.

6. Comparison with internal combustion engine vehicles
Electric cars are generally more expensive than gasoline cars.
• The primary reason is the high cost of car batteries Running costs and Maintenance
Most of the running cost of an electric vehicle can be attributed to the maintenance
and replacement of the battery pack because an electric vehicle has only around 5
moving parts in its engine.
• Pollution Electric cars produce no pollution at the tailpipe, but their use increases
demand a for electricity generation
• Energy efficiency Internal combustion engines are relatively inefficient at converting
on-board fuel energy to propulsion as most of the energy is wasted as heat as
compared to electrical engines.
• Sound Production Electric cars produced less roadway noise as compared to vehicles
propelled by a internal combustion engine

7. How Electric Car works ?
• An electric car is an alternative-design automobile that uses an electric motor to power
the car, with the electricity being provided by a battery.
• While a conventional car does have a lead-acid battery as part of its standard
equipment, this battery is for operating the starter and not powering the vehicle.
• Electric cars have a motor just like conventional, internal combustion engine cars. The
difference is that the power supply is derived from battery-stored electricity rather
than the mechanical power derived from burning gasoline.
• The batteries used in electric cars vary in design, and include the lead-acid type
familiar to all conventional car owners (albeit, much larger than in a normal car),
lithium ion (similar to those used in laptops and mobile phones, but once again much
larger), molten salt, zinc-air, and various nickel-based designs.

8. Currently available electric cars
•
The Tesla Roadster is sold in the US and Europe and has a range of 245 miles per
charge.
• The REVAi, also known as the REVA G-Wiz is available in several countries around the
world.
• The Th!nk City is sold in several European countries and production began in the U.S.
in late 2010 Sales of the Mitsubishi i MiEV to the public began in Japan in April
2010, in Hong Kong in May 2010 and in Australia in July 2010.
• The remainder of currently available electric cars are mostly low-speed, low-range
neighborhood electric vehicles, electric city cars as well as some small-scale
commercial conversion of internal-combustion based vehicles

9. Advantages of Electric car
•
Electricity is readily available. Since there is no IC engine, the vehicle
runs noiselessly, in fact many times you won’t even know that some
vehicle has just passed beside you.
• There are no emissions from EVs, hence they are environmental
friendly. Manufacturing the EV is very easy; you have to merely
assemble various components of the vehicle.
• This is especially true for small motorcycles or mopeds. EVs require
less maintenance.

10. Disadvantages of Electric Cars
The major disadvantage of EVs is that the battery has to be charged regularly.
• The normal working range of battery is about miles and it takes about 6-8 hours
to recharge completely. If you are traveling a long distance, you may be at the
risk of the battery getting discharged.
• As such there are no battery charging stations available on roads and highways.
• Your home must be outfitted with a charging station to recharge the car battery.
• Your electric bill will probably increase as you have to draw power from your
home electrical system to charge your car.
• Electric cars cannot compete with gas powered cars in terms of speed and
acceleration

11. Future
• The future of battery electric vehicles depends primarily upon the cost and availability
of batteries with high specific energy, power density, short charge time and long life,
as all other aspects such as motors, motor controllers, and chargers are fairly mature
and cost-competitive with internal combustion engine components.
• Li-ion, li-poly and zinc-air batteries have demonstrated specific energy high enough to
deliver range and recharge times comparable to conventional vehicles.
• Diarmuid o'connell, vp of business development at tesla motors, estimates that by the
year % of the cars driving on the road will be battery, electric or plug-in hybrid.
• It is estimated that there are sufficient lithium reserves to power 4 billion electric cars.

12. THANK YOU