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1. The zero emission vehicles are here !!
FUEL CELL
CARS

2. • The topic of alternative fuel vehicles is
especially relevant as they protect our nature,
they protect us !!
• As gas prices continue to rise , we’ll likely
see this topic get more and more
attention !!
• Oil pollutes and there are limited supplies !!

3. • Electric cars
-currently out in the market but not very
efficient
• Solar cars
-R&D in process , not very reliable !!
• Hybrid cars
-utilizes battery as well fuel , however still
dependent on fuel

4. • Fuel Cell Vehicles
– Zero Emission Vehicles;
only water as exhaust
– Burns hydrogen,
produces pure water
exhaust
– Amazing R&D by
HONDA, BMW etc.
• BMW has broken several speed
records for hydrogen cars and is
banking on cars that can run
successfully on both gas and
hydrogen, but Honda emphasizes
on fuel cell only cars !!

5. “An old idea whose time has come”
Utilises hydrogen as a fuel to generate
electricity
No pollutant emitted , water is the only
exhaust !!
Fuel cells are similar to batteries, but
designed for continuous replenishment of
energy via external fuel
Hydrogen FC’s 2 times as efficient as
internal combustion
In simple terms , Hydrogen and oxygen in,
water vapor and liquid water out ; that’s
the basic working principle .

6. • In order to produce enough
voltage, cells are grouped
into stacks
• A hydrogen fuel cell
automobile would have at
least 45 cells in a stack
• Hydrogen is stored and
injected in either liquid or
gas form
• Many cells, but only output
is still liquid and vapor
water

8. • Hydrogen is not readily available for consumer use yet.
• A fuel like natural gas is reformed into hydrogen which
will then go on to power a fuel cell.
• Hydrogen can be produced by one of the following
methods :
• Thermochemical : A steam reforming process is currently
used to produce hydrogen from such fuels as natural gas, coal,
methanol, or even gasoline. To draw on renewable energy
sources, the gasification or pyrolysis of biomass—organic
material—can be used to generate a fuel gas.
• Electrochemical : The electrolysis of water produces
hydrogen by passing an electrical current through it.

9. • Photoelectrochemical : The photoelectrochemical (PEC)
process produces hydrogen in one step, splitting water by
illuminating a water-immersed semiconductor with sunlight.
• Photobiological : Photobiological systems generally use the
natural photosynthetic activity of bacteria and green algae to
produce hydrogen.
<< solar powered
water electrolyzing
hydrogen station
Solar powered >>
hydrogen
generation plants

10. Renewable Hydrogen Station
Solar cells
Water
electrolyzerCompressor
High pressure
tanks
Converter
Dispenser
System diagram
Grid
Honda R&D facility in Torrance, CA
Solar Array - Electrolysis of Water - H2
10,000 miles / year
(from solar array H2 only)
Usage

11. Home Energy Station
Home Refueling with Co-generation of Heat and Electricity
Heat
Electricity
Hydrogen
～～ ～～～
Natural gas Reform
Fuel cell
Inverter
CompressStorage
tank
～
Purify
HES II in Albany, New York
(Honda & Plug Power Development)
Natural Gas line

12. • Solar cells containing several p-n Junctions
• Each junction is tuned to a different wavelength
of light
• Reducing one of the largest inherent sources of
losses, thus increasing efficiency
• In use in united kingdom

13. Hydrogen Fuel- Cell Cars
• Quieter operation than normal cars because of
no moving parts in the fuel cell stack and electric
motors at the wheels.
• Hydrogen cars run clean.
• 500 cubic tons of carbon removed from
atmosphere by 2040
• New design possibilities
because of compact
hydrogen fuel cell
stack.

15. Detachable body
~5 minute refueling time
-20 to 95 deg. C Fuel Cell Operation
100kW Motor Power
Navigation System – H2 stations

16. 57 miles/kg EPA combined rating (label)
Up to 210 mile range, EPA rated
~5 minute refueling time
-20 to 95 deg. C Fuel Cell Operation
80kW (109 hp) Motor Power
Navigation System – H2 stations
Fuel-cell Cars

17. Fuel Cell Structure
Panels
MEA
Stamped metal
separator
(unitized seal）
End plate
Bolt
End plate
MEA
Seals
Disk springBackup plate
Carbon
separators
Latest Honda FC stack
Metal
separator
Unitized seal
Stamped metal separator
→Thickness (reduced by half)
Springiness of the metal separator
→Number of supporting parts
(reduced by half)
Fewer parts
Previous stack
Carbon
separator
Separate seals
Supporting parts
・disk springs
・Backup plate
・Large size bolts

18. 4 Door Sedan, New FC Packaging (V-flow)
•Low floor height
•FC Stack hidden between seats
Clarity

19. • Compact
• Efficient
• Enhanced sub-
zero startup &
operation
H2
Water
Air
New stack architecture: vertical gas
and water flow

20.  Hydrogen injected into
fuel stack
 Electricity generated
 Electric motor
operated by the
electricity generated
 Wheels get the power
through power train
Hydrogen
tanks
Fuel Cell
Stack
Electric motor
Power Train
W
H
E
E
L
s
W
H
E
E
L
s

23.  Dependence on non-renewable fuel which are depleting
day by day is removed
 Fuel cell vehicle is the most promising technology for
use of sustainable energy sources.
 Hydrogen is only type of energy that can provide a
wholesale substitute for foreign oil within a decade.
 Clean, twice as efficient as internal combustion, and
plentiful
 No emission vehicles- water is the only exhaust

24.  The hydrogen is not so readily available
 Hydrogen is difficult to store and distribute, so it would be much
more convenient if fuel cells could use fuels that are more
readily available.
 Large Fuel cell stacks need to placed for better performance of
the vehicles
 If hydrogen is produced by a Reformer using fossil fuels etc. ,
there is some extent of environmental pollution.
 Technology currently expensive ; Many design issues still in
progress

25. • We should aggressively pursue hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles
• There are definite issues, but nothing compared to
the environmental issues associated with being
wholly dependent on oil.
• We need to look beyond the sticker price , we need
to play our part in the sustainable development and
in protecting our environment .
• Newer Versions of fuel cell cars like the honda clarity
are sporty, have speed and all other properties ,
which means you don’t have to sacrifice to play your
part for the environment.

26. Questions ??Thank you !!