Carbohydrate Derivatives as Pharmaceutical Excipients

1. Presentation
On
Carbohydrate Derivatives as Pharmaceutical Excipients
Program: Bachelor of pharmacy
Course name: Medicinal Chemistry-I
Course code: PHR- 501
Presented
By
Merajun Alam
Batch: 19th
Semester: 5th
Department of Pharmacy

2. Content
 Carbohydrate
 Excipient
 Some Examples of Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrate as a excipients
 Advantage of using carbohydrate as an excipient

3. Carbohydrate
Carbohydrate can be defined chemically as neutral compounds of
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen with the ratio of 2:1. Carbohydrates come
in simple forms such as sugar and in complex forms such as starches and
fiber.
Excipient
Excipient is an inactive substances that serves as the vehicle or medium
for a drug or other active substance.

4. Some Examples of Carbohydrates
 Starch – poly saccharide carbohydrate.
 Cellulose -Non sugar
 Sucrose- Disaccharide
 Mannitol- sugar
 Sorbitol – sugar
 Lactose- disaccharide

5. Carbohydrate as a excipients
Starch
Use:
 Tablet disintegrant
 Diluent
 Binder
 Glidan

6. Cellulose
Use:
 Adsorbent
 Glidant
 Suspending agent
 Tablet/ capsule diluent
 Tablet disintegrant

7. Sucrose
Use:
Suspending agent
Tablet capsule diluent
Viscosity increasing agent
Granulating agent
Coating adjunct
Sweetening agent

8. Lactose
Use:
 Diluent for dry powder
inhalers
 Diluent

9. Mannitol
Use:
 Sweetening agent
 Tablet and capsule diluent
 Tonicity agent
 Vehicle for lyophilised
preparation

10. Sorbitol
Use:
 Humectant
 Plasticiser
 Sweetening
 Diluent

11. Advantage of using carbohydrate as an excipient
 Diluent : Increase the bulk of the tablet and imparts proper volume
 Binder: Provides sufficient mechanical strength to the tablet to impart
physical stability
 Disintegrant : Ensure rapid disintegration when the tablet is swallowed
intake or put in a glass of water to get a liquid preparation.
 Glidant : Increase flowability of the tableting materials. So that they
can smoothly flow from the hopper into the die

12. Suspending agent: Help the solid particles to suspend into liquid vehicle.
Sweetening agent: Masking bitter taste
Plasticizer: Help to increase the spread of coat over tablet, capsule and
granules
Humectant: Help to prevent moisture loss and provide pleasant moisture
Adsorbent: Help other molecules of holding other molecules on its
surface.