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2. Presented by:
Kulsoom Bhutto ( M.Ed (M)
Roll No: 17

3.  In 300 B.C The Chinese
Scientist ABACUS was
an early aid for
mathematical
computations. Its only
value is that it aids the
memory of the human
performing the
calculation. A skilled
abacus operator can work
on addition and
subtraction problems at
the speed of a person
equipped with a hand
calculator.

4.  In 1642 Blaise Pascal,
at age 19, invented
the Pascaline.
 Pascal built 50 of this
gear-driven one-
function calculator

5.  Just a few years after
Pascal, the German
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
(co-inventor with Newton of
calculus) managed to build a
four-function (addition,
subtraction, multiplication,
and division) calculator that
he called the stepped
reckoner because, instead
of gears, it employed fluted
drums having ten flutes
arranged around their
circumference in a stair-step
fashion.

7. The main features of First
Generation are:
 Vacuum tube technology
 Unreliable
 Supported Machine
language only
 Very costly
 Generate lot of heat
 Slow Input/Output device
 Huge size
 Need of A.C.
 Non-portable
 Consumed lot of
electricity

8. ENIAC
EDVAC
UNIVAC
IBM-701
IBM-650

9. The main features of Second
Generation are:
 Use of transistors
 Reliable as compared to First
generation computers
 Smaller size as compared to First
generation computers
 Generate less heat as compared to
First generation computers
 Consumed less electricity as
compared to First generation
computers
 Faster than first generation
computers
 Still very costly
 A.C. needed
 Support machine and assembly
languages

10. IBM 1620
IBM 7094
CDC 1604
CDC 3600
UNIVAC 1108

11. The main features of Third
Generation are:
 IC used
 More reliable
 Smaller size
 Generate less heat
 Faster
 Lesser maintenance
 Still costly
 A.C. needed
 Consumed lesser
electricity
 Support high-level
language

12. IBM-360 series
Honeywell-6000 series
PDP (Personal Data Processor)
IBM-370/168
TDC-316

13. The main features of Fourth
Generation are:
 VLSI technology used
 Very cheap
 Portable and reliable
 Use of PC's
 Very small size
 Pipeline processing
 No A.C. needed
 Concept of internet was
introduced
 Great developments in
the fields of networks
 Computers became easily
available

14. DEC 10
STAR 1000
PDP 11
CRAY-1 (Super Computer)
CRAY-X-MP (Super Computer)

15. The main features of Fifth Generation
are:
 ULSI technology
 Development of true artificial
intelligence
 Development of Natural
language processing
 Advancement in Parallel
Processing
 Advancement in
Superconductor technology
 More user friendly interfaces
with multimedia features
 Availability of very powerful and
compact computer sat cheaper
rates

16. Desktop
Laptop
Note Book
Ultra Book
Chrome Book