3D bioprinting uses a layer-by-layer printing process to construct living human tissues and organs by depositing hydrogels, collagen, and cells according to a digital model. It has the potential to help reduce transplant waiting lists by printing organs like livers, kidneys, and hearts. While the technology offers advantages like precision and reduced timelines, challenges remain around organ rejection, high costs, and ethical issues.

1. 
3D BIOPRINTING
by Nikesh Patel 1

2. 
by Nikesh Patel 2
Overview
 Introduction.
 Process.
 Technology.
 Advantages.
 Disadvantages.
 Second Life.
 Video .
 Conclusions.

3. 
Introduction.
3D bio-printing helps constructing living human tissues
and organs
According to NHS 6,977 people are waiting for
transplants and 616 received transplant.
Printing process is done by using layer-by-layer printing
approach to generate desired part of the body .
3D can be used to print human organs like the liver,
kidney, aortic valve or even heart.
by Nikesh Patel 3

4. by Nikesh Patel 4
Process.
Directed by software; Bioink and cartridge of Hydrogel
are loaded into the 3D bio printer and printed on bio-
paper .
Printer prints first layer of the water-based gel, collagen
and second Bioink cells .
Bio-paper dissolves and layers blend together building
up the human organs.

5. 
Technology.
by Nikesh Patel 5
Organovo NovoGen MMX bioprinter
 Includes 2 print heads:
one for placing human
cells and one for the
hydrogel matrix.
 Can produce blood
vessels, nerves conduit
and organs.

6. 
Advantages
by Nikesh Patel 6
The waiting list for transplant can be reduced
considerably.
High precise resolution scan can be obtained and
software can calculate the exact size of the desired
replacement (e.g. bones).
 Quick process,10 days to print an average sized liver and
lobe. Time will be reduced considerably as the
technology advances.

7. 
Disadvantages
by Nikesh Patel 7
It will bring a major ethical and moral debate on
its use .
Implanted organ can be rejected as body cant
accept them as functional tissue.
 The cost of printers are very expensive.

8. 
Video.
by Nikesh Patel 8

9. 
Second Life
by Nikesh Patel 9

10. by Nikesh Patel 10
Social Media

11. 
Conclusions
by Nikesh Patel 11
 Master course of 3D bio-printing human body parts
launched at Queensland University of Technology in
Australia in may 2014.
 “3D bio-printing facilities with the ability to print human
organs and tissue will advance faster than general
understanding and acceptance of the ramifications of
this technology," Pete Basiliere
THANK YOU !

12. 
References
by Nikesh Patel 12
 http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2658315
 https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9D749wZSlb0
 http://forums.osgrid.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=2233
 http://www.3ders.org/articles/20140509-master-course-of-3d-bio-printing-
human-body-parts-launched.html
 http://www.invetech.com.au/portfolio/life-sciences/3d-bioprinter-world-
first-print-human-tissue/
 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/10629531/The-next-step-
3D-printing-the-human-body.html
 http://www.organovo.com