Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, forms part of coenzyme A which plays an important role in energy metabolism. It is essential for the formation of ATP from the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and alcohol. Pantothenic acid is used to synthesize coenzyme A, which transports carbon atoms within cells to form acetyl-CoA and related compounds for energy metabolism and biosynthesis of important compounds like fatty acids and cholesterol. Coenzyme A is also required for the formation of acetyl carrier protein needed for fatty acid synthesis.

2. VITAMIN B 5
PANTOTHENIC

3.  Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin
B5, was first discovered as an essential
growth factor for yeast cells. After it
was found to have a similar function in
lactic acid bacteria, chicks, and rats,
the substance was called pantothenic
acid (Greek pantothen = everywhere)
in reference to its ubiquitous
occurrence.

4.  Chemically, the pantothenic acid
molecule consists of pantoic acid and
β-alanine (A). The alcohol (R)-
panthenol, also known as D-panthenol,
is also biologically active. The
pantothenic acid molecule has a chiral
center.

5.  Only these D(+) form occurs naturally.
Since this is also its only active form,
and synthetic mixtures contain the S-
enantiomer and other inactive
derivatives as well, these term
pantothenic acid activity is used.

7. Pantothenate structure

8. SOURCES OF PANTOTHENIC
 Meat
 Milk
 Mushrooms
 Liver
 Peanuts
 Eggs
 yeast

9. VITAMIN B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
SOURCES
 Kidney
 Liver
 Egg yolk
 Yeast
 Cereals
 Legumes
 Sunflower oil
RDA: 5-10 mg/day
FUNCTION
 Acts through CoA and helps in the formation of
 Energy
 Triactlglycerol
 Vit D
 Steroid hormones

10. BIOCHEMICAL ACTIONS:
PANTO THENIC ACID
1. Formation of active acetate
[Acetyl-CoA]: CoA-SH
2. Formation of acetyl-ACP and
malonyl-ACP
3. Role in oxidation of fatty acids,
formation of fats and
phospholipids:

11. 4. Heme Synthesis: Ative succinate
[succinyl-CoA] is product of
oxidative decarboxylation of α-
oxoglutarate in TCA cycle. Succinyl-
CoA and glycine is needed for the
synthesis of heme.

12. DEFICIENCY OF B 5
 Headache
 Fatigue
 Impaired muscle coordination
 GI tract disorders

13. DEFICIENCY
 Nausea, vomiting ,GI disorders,
 Irritability.
 Inadequate growth.
 Fatty liver
 Steroid synthesis.
 Burning foot syndrome- Pain and
numbness in the toes
Insomnia
Fatigue

14. RDA FOR PANTOTHENIC ACID
 RDA for adults is 5 mg / day

17. SUMMARY

18. VITAMIN B 5 OR PANTOTHENIC
o Part of Coenzyme A which plays
an important role in energy
metabolism.
o Is essential for the formation of
ATP from the breakdown of
carbohydrates, protein, fat and
alcohol.

19.  Pantothenic acid is used in the
synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA).
Coenzyme A may act as an acyl
group carrier to form acetyl-CoA and
other related compounds; this is a
way to transport carbon atoms within
the cell

20.  .[CoA is important in energy
metabolism for pyruvate to enter
the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA
cycle) as acetyl-CoA, and for α-
ketoglutarate to be transformed to
succinyl-CoA in the cycle

21.  .[CoA is also important in the
biosynthesis of many important
compounds such as fatty acids,
cholesterol, and acetylcholine.CoA
is incidentally also required in the
formation of ACP,[which is also
required for fatty acid synthesis in
addition to CoA.[