Histology of Male reproductive system.Microscopic description of testis,epidydimis,vas deferens,prostate.

1. Male Reproductive system
DR.DEEPAK N.KHEDEKAR.
MBBS; MD.
Assistant Professor.
DEPT .OF ANATOMY
LTMMC & GH ,SION ,MUMBAI
2015

2. Male reproductive system
consist of…
• Testis
• Epidydimis
• Vas deference
• Prostate

3. Male reproductive system…

4. Testis …
Identify …
• Tunica albuginea
• Tunica vasculosa
• Fibrous septa from mediastinum testis divide
it onto many lobules
• Each lobule contain 1-4 seminiferous tubules.

5. Testis …
https://sites.google.com/site/biologyinstitute/t
estis.jpg

6. Slide 1:
Testis (10x)
1.Seminiferous
Tubules
2.Interstitial
connective
tissue

7. Testis (40x)

8. Slide 1:Testis…

9. Seminiferous Tubule…
• lined by stratified epithelium ie,germinal
epithelium containing proliferating cell and
non proliferating
• Covered by outer layer of CT with fibroblast
and inner layer of basement membrane
• Contain 2 types of cells…
Spermatogenic cells resting on BM .
Supportive cells i.e. Sertoli cells
ST ends in straight tubules which are lined by
cuboidal or low columnar epithelium

10. 1.Sertoli cells
(supporting or sustentacular)
• Do not replicate after puberty.
• Cells are columnar cells with extensive apical
and lateral processes that surround the
adjacent spermatogenic cells resting on the
thick, multilayered basal M.
• occupy the spaces between them
• Sertoli cells cannot be well defined in routine
(H&E) preparations

11. Sertoli cells…
• supporting cells for the developing sperm
• contain an extensive sER, a well-developed rER,
and stacks of annulate lamellae, spherical and
elongated mitochondria, a well-developed
Golgi apparatus, and varying numbers of
microtubules, lysosomes, lipid droplets,
vesicles, glycogen granules, and filaments.
• A sheath of 7- to 9-nm filaments surrounds the
nucleus and separates it from other organelles.

12. Sertoli cells…
• characteristic inclusion bodies (Charcot-
Böttcher) are found in the basal cytoplasm.
• slender fusiform crystalloids are visible in
routine preparations.
• Sertoli cell–to–Sertoli cell junctional complex
consists of a structurally unique combination of
membrane and cytoplasmic specializations.
• complex is characterized by an tight junction-
zonula occludens (50 parallel fusion lines)

14. Sertoli cell–to–Sertoli cell
(blood–testis barrier cell junctional complex)
• Blood–testis barrier.is essential in creating a
physiologic compartmentalization within the
ST with respect to ionic, amino acid,
carbohydrate, and protein composition.
Therefore, the composition of the fluid in the
seminiferous tubules and excurrent ducts
differs considerably.
• Plasma proteins and circulating antibodies are
excluded from the lumen of the seminiferous
tubules.

15. Blood testis barrier…
• Exocrine products of the sertoli cells (ABP), are
highly concentrated in the lumen of the
seminiferous tubules.
• Barrier isolates the genetically different
antigenic haploid germ cells (secondary
spermatocytes, spermatids,and sperm) from the
immune system of the adult male.
• Antigens produced by or specific to the sperm
are prevented from reaching the systemic
circulation.

16. blood–testis barrier
subdivides each ST
into
1. basal compartment
and
2. adluminal
compartment

17. Spermatogenic cells…
• regularly replicate and differentiate into mature
sperm.
• Cells are derived from primordial germ cells originating
in the yolk sac during early development of the testis.
• cells are organized in poorly defined layers of
progressive development between adjacent Sertoli
cells
• Spermatogonia-most immature spermatogenic cells,
rest on the basal lamina.
• The most mature cells, called spermatids, are
attached to the apical portion of the Sertoli cell,
where they border the lumen of the tubule.

19. Spermatogenic cell…
• Spermatogonia –immature soermatogenic cells
• Divide to form 3 types of spermatogonia…
Pale type A
Dark Type A
Type B
Primary spermatocyte largest cells in ST
Large nuclie with coarse chromatin

20. Spermatogenic cells…

21. Spermatogenic cells

22. Interstitial connective tissue.
Contain….
• Blood vessels
• Loose CT
• Clusters of epithelial interstitial cells of Leydig.

23. Leydig Cells (interstitial cells)
• are large, polygonal, eosinophilic cells that
typically contain lipid droplets and Lipofuscin
pigment
• distinctive, rod-shaped cytoplasmic ,crystals of
Reinke .( refractile, represent a protein product).
• cells have an elaborate (sER), a feature that
accounts for their eosinophilia).
• The enzymes necessary for the synthesis of
testosterone from cholesterol are associated with
the sER.

24. Excurrent Ducts
Consist of …
• Straight tubules
• Rete testis
• Efferent ductules

25. Straight tubules
Short ,narrow ducts lined with cuboidal or
low columnar epithelium mainly sertoli cells,
continue into rete testis
Rete testis
 Irregular, anastomosing network of tubules
with wide lumina
lined by simple squamous to low cuboidal or
low columnar epithelium
Becomes wide near efferent ductules.

26. Efferent Ductules…
• lined with a pseudostratified columnar epithelium that
contains clumps of tall and short cells saw tooth
appearance.
• Interspersed among the columnar cells are basal cells
that serve as epithelial stem cells. The tall columnar
cells are ciliated. The short nonciliated cells have
numerous microvilli and canalicular invaginations of the
apical
• Most of the fluid secreted in the seminiferous tubules is
reabsorbed in the efferent ductules.

27. Efferent Ductules…

28. Efferent ductules…
• A smooth muscle layer in the excurrent ducts first
appears at the beginning of the efferent ductules.
The smooth muscle cells form a layer several cells
thick in the wall of the ductule.
• Interspersed among the muscle cells are elastic
fibers.
• Transport of the sperm in the efferent ductules is
affected largely by both ciliary action and
contraction of this fibromuscular layer.

29. Testis (10 x)…

30. Slide 2:Epididymis…

31. Ductus deferens…

32. Ductus
deferens

33. Ductus Epidydimis…
• Long convoluted tubule
• Surrounded by CT and thin smooth muscle cell
layer
• Lined by psuedostratified epithelium contain
• Principal cells- Tall columnar epithelia with
stereocillia and long ,modified,branching
microvilli.
• Basal cell-small and spherical situated near
base

34. Ductus Epididymis (10x)…

35. Epidydimis (40x)…

37. Slide 3:Vas or ductus deference…
Narrow, irregular lumen with longitudinal
muscle coat consist of
Mucosa
Muscle coat
Adventitia

38. Mucosa-
• Psuedostratified columnar epithelium with
stereocillia
• Lamina propria contain collagen and elastic fibers
Muscularis layer
consist of 3 layers…
Inner longitudinal
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal
Adventitia
- blood vessels,venules and arterioles

41. Slide 4: Prostate...
• Gland is covered by capsule.
• Consist of Branched tubuloacinar type of
gland
• Some glands may contain solid aggregations
Prostatic concretions in their acini.
• Part of urethra passes through prostatic gland
is called as prostatic urethra which is lined by
transitional epithelium.

43. Prostate…
Mainly consist of …
• Parenchyma containing Prostatic glands
• Fibromuscular stroma

44. Prostate…

45. Prostatic glands…
• Individual glands
vary in size and
shape
• Lined by simple
cuboidal or
columnar to
psuedostratified
epithelium

46. Prostate- lining mucosa…

47. Prostatic concretions…
• Characteristics of prostatic glands
• Made up of proteinaceous material
• Formed by concentric layers of prostatic
secretions
• Increase with the age of the person may get
calcified

48. Excretory ducts of prostatic glands
• resemble to glandular acini. Ducts lined by
columnar cells.
Fibromuscular stroma
• characteristics of prostatic glands.
• smooth muscle bundles and CT fibres blend
togrther with stroma.
• Present throughout the gland.

49. Prostate…

50. • Thank U