Essay On Chesapeake And Ohio Canal

Essay on Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
Introduction
The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was chartered in 1825 (Chesapeake). The canal runs from
Georgetown all the way to the Ohio River in Pennsylvania. It is known as one of the best canals ever
built. Eventually the canal was taken over by the government and declared as a national monument
by President Eisenhower (Chesapeake). The C&O canal is in Georgetown, Virginia. It is parallel to
the Chesapeake River. Georgetown is a little town in the city of Washington D.C. This part of
Virginia is always very busy. This site tells me that the occupants have a very busy lifestyle and that
they are of the upper class. This site could be used by many different people. For example, if
someone has fur and it needed to be transported over to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
George Washington was the founder of the Patowmack Company; He created a series of skirted
canals and riverbed improvements from Georgetown to Harpers Ferry (Chesapeake). The success of
the Erie Canal provided momentum for the "Great National Project." The purpose of the Great
National Project was to build a canal along the Potomac River to eventually reach the Ohio River at
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. The construction of the canal began on July 4, 1828 (Chesapeake). "The
canal was open to Seneca, Maryland by 1831, to Harpers Ferry, W.VA., in 1834, to near Woodmont,
Maryland, in 1839, and was completed to Cumberland, Maryland." George Washington also wanted
to improve navigation on the Potomac River which is one of the main reasons why he came up with
such a great idea to build the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. He attempted to do this by deepening the
channel and cutting skirting canals around impassible rapids, but the flow of the river was too erratic
to make this actually happen (Chesapeake). It was believed that the canal would once go where the
B & O railroad was (Chesapeake). However, the railroad had been operating eight years long before
the canal. It was on the same route as the canal also when it eventually reached Cumberland,
Maryland.
Difficulties
There were a few difficulties in building the canal. One issue was that there was a shortage in
workers to help build the canal. The company had to
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The American Railroad Industry
Layiwola Tobi
Professor Thomas E Reidy,
History 222–01
14 November 2016
The American Railroad Industry
Before the railroad industry, America was growing economically but industrialisation in America
was a slow. During this time America did have factories but there were no factories for mass scale
production but only small scale, why? Simply because to produce things of a large scale they would
need raw material transported to the factory and they would also need transportation to send the
products to the market, this is why industrialisation was slow in America .The initial solution to this
problem would be the steam boat and the newly forms railroad would be all be a more efficient but
will be a second means ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It became hard because of the people whose jobs were threatened by the rise in railroads, such as
canal companies, turnpike operators and so on. Though it wasn't just job security that slowed them
down, there were sceptics who saw the railroads as limited in commercial use. Some were fearful of
how safe it was, warning that the sparks from trains on track could easily cause fire to field crops
and threaten one's livelihood and moderate critics revealed their concerns that the train would not be
able to serve a low cost transportation. The competition between railroads and canals drew tensions
especially after the Chesapeake and Ohio canal company restricted the Baltimore and Ohio railroad
from coming through Potomac. Eventually the debate of railroads against canals swept up the
country; in free open debates it was becoming more apparent that the railroads had more advantages
than the canals, and even further proof was shown when railroads dominated in areas where there
was fair rivalry. Eventually people were being won over to railroads and this allowed for the
railroads to have unrestricted access. These were not the only problems that the railroad faced; in
itself there was not any true railroad system in place yet. Tracks were short, and most of the
railroads did not link to one another, and even if they did the tracks were not the same

Great Inventors Changed our World
1.Eli Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts in 1765. As a child he had a talent for
machinery, he worked as a blacksmith, invented a nail–making machine, he then attended Yale
college and graduated with a degree in engineering. Eli Whitney is an American inventor who is best
known for his invention of the cotton gin as it was one of the most influential inventions during the
Industrial Revolution shaping the economy of the Antebellum North and South. The invention of the
Cotton gin made cotton into one of the most profitable crop, which it reinforced the economic
foundation of slavery in the United States. After his invention, he later turned his attention into
manufacturing muskets for the newly formed Army of the United States in where this time he made
sure to secured contracts with the government. Eli Whitney continued inventing and manufacturing
arms until his death in 1825.
2.Robert Fulton is an American inventor, an artist and an engineer. He was born on November 14,
1765 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Fulton started designing steam–powered ships by as early as 1793.
He invented the first commercially successful steamboat, he also managed to design a system of
inland waterways, created the first submarine in history as well as a steam warship including
numerous of the world's earliest naval torpedoes that were used in the British Naval. He designed
ships for both the French Navy and the British Navy.
3.The National Road also known in many places as Route 40 was

Railroads and Their Rising Impact on the 19th Century...
The nineteenth century America was a period of history following a number of long lasting wars and
also a whole new start to new changes in society. With the collapse of multiple nations that were in
contact towards the United States, it paved the way for the growing influence and development for
the United States, spurring military imperialism and conflicts, and advances in scientific exploration
and technologies. Because of the ideas and resources that were began to spread, develop and
flourish in areas of the western hemisphere, the nineteenth century also saw opportunities in
construction, communication, and in particular the transportation systems. But as different aspects of
society began to improve and that more and more freedom ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
A number of "immigrants with advanced knowledge of English technology arrived in the United
States eager to introduce new machines"(From Revolution to Reconstruction), and among them, the
development of the steam engine. During the beginning stages of the nineteenth century, railroads
only played a minor role in America's transportation systems. At this time, the more common
sources of transporation pertained to turnpike road networks, and canal and waterwat networks
which were built depending on the terrain and structure of the land. But the railway network that
was created in the preceding years and allowed better efficiency in accordance to time. Raw
materials and products could be moved more quickly and cheaper than before (Barnett). It allowed
ideas to spread more quicly, from previously what was by horse and by man to communicate among
others. The work of railroad pioneers eventually led the nation to be linked together, and eventually
became the number one transportation system, and remained for almost another half a century until
met by the construction of the interstate highway during the twentieth century. It basically played a
huge role in stimulating economic expansion, and was eventually pervasive all throughout the
American society. Because of the new developments and resources

Harpers Ferry's Significance In The Civil War
Harpers Ferry's Significance in the Civil War
At the conflux of the Shenandoah and Potomac Rivers, embedded in trees with refreshing bursts of
reds and greens, and sheltered by rolling blue mountains so majestic and captivating that Thomas
Jefferson christened it, "one of the most stupendous scenes in Nature," lies the colorful, prismatic,
straight out of the story books little town, Harpers Ferry. Besides this West Virginia city's
breathtaking, fantastic views, from the famed B&O railroad bridge to the homes and churches, so
brilliant and perfect it appears they were painted, Harpers Ferry is most known for its history. In
fact, from its humble beginnings involving George Washington to through the 1800's, Harpers Ferry
was a town crucial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest and goriest day in American history, Confederate General
Robert E. Lee a Virginia native and his men, the Army of Northern Virginia attempted to draw the
enemy, the Army of Potomac out of his war–worn home state. Initially assuming that the Union
soldiers would recede frantically upon first glance of his threatening division, Lee approached
Harpers Ferry with his head held high. Upon hearing that the Potomac Army was in hot pursuit, Lee
ordered that General Thomas J. Jackson, nicknamed "Stonewall" for his courage and aggressiveness
in the Battle of Bull Run, command three divisions of his men to seize the arsenal. Things seemed
successful and lucrative for Lee and Jackson until September 7. Word that Lee, Jackson, and their
armies had vanished from Maryland spread instantly to the Union's war department. The following
day, Colonel Dixon S. Miles, a Maryland native, arranged to contend the, "nearly indefensible," (A)
Harpers Ferry. The key to winning the battle could be inferred as simply capturing the three major
heights overlooking the town. Impounding Bolivar Heights, Maryland Heights, and the alpine
Loudoun Heights, reaching approximately 1,200 feet allowed for an excellent angle, range, and
view of the armory, famous for harboring precious and propitious weapons necessary for the war.
Miles ignored his subordinates who contradicted his decision of splitting 12,000 of his men into four
brigades,

Apush
Chapter 9–12 I.D. Terms 1. Washington's Farewell Address– an essay George Washington wrote to
stay neutral from foreign affairs. "We need to stay focused on well–being of U.S. since we are a new
country." For the next 150 years, the U.S. didn't sign an alliance. Isolationism formed from this
address. Twice however, the US got involved in the European struggle. 1) in 1798 in opposition to
France & 2) in 1813 in opposition to Great Britain. He basically said he was totally for the
Neutrality Act & he also said to avoid political parties. IT will only cause disagreements. He
made this address because he didn't want to serve his 3rd session and made the tradition of 2 per
president. 2. Federalist Papers–aimed to convince Americans ... Show more content on
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Directory's foreign minister, Prince Talleyrand, demanded a loan for France and a Bribe for French
officials before they would deal with Adams commissioners. This led to the undeclared war with
France from 1798–1800. Adams cut off trade with France and captured French ships. American
army did well and got 85 prizes of armed merchantmen and vessels of the French navy. U. S gets
closer to Britain put still remains the "peace" see bribe. France didn't need another war so he said
that the representatives would be received with respect by Napoleon. Napoleon had other plans to
take of Europe so he made the "convention of 1800s" which said the Franco–American alliance was
over (that if either one of them was attacked by Britain, the other will fight for them) and America
had to pay for French shippers. 8. Shay's Rebellion– farmers in the central part of Massachusetts
with the leader Daniel Shays seized the armory in Springfield, Massachusetts before the state militia
put down the rebellion and executed several of the conspirators. Exposed the weakness of the
American government under the old "articles of confederation" added urgency to the meeting in
Philadelphia to replace articles with constitution. A bunch of farmers put a threat on government.
See whiskey Rebellion 1794, the government was stronger with the constitution. 9. "Republican
Motherhood" the ideal that women's place in the new representational

American Revolution and Study Guide Essay example
Chapter 2 Study Guide Questions "The Planting of English America" 1. Discuss English treatment
of the Irish and its consequence (10pts) 2. What lessons do you think English colonists learned from
their early Jamestown experience? Focus on matters of fulfilling expectations, financial support,
leadership skills, and relations with the Indians. What specific developments illustrate that the
English living in the plantation colonies tried to apply these lessons? (25 pts) 2. Compare and
contrast the ways in which tobacco and sugar affected the social and economic development of
colonial America (10pts) Chapter 3 Study Guide "Settling the Northern Colonies" 1. Compare and
contrast the motives of the their founders, religious and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Enclosure Movement Jamestown Chesapeake No taxation without representation Quebec Act
Boston Tea Party Nathaniel Greene Benedict Arnold Chapter 6 Study Guide The Dual in North
America 1. Compare and contrast the French colonies, the British colonies, and the Spanish colonies
with regards to the following aspects: (36 points) a. b. c. d. Location Economy Political
organizations Religious influences 2. Why did the Ohio Valley become the arena of conflict between
the French and the British in America? (10points) 3. To what extent did the 7–Years War helped
cause the American revolutionary War? (10 Points) 4. Identify and explain the significance of the
Proclamation of 1763 (13 points) Vocabulary: Pontiac Marquis de Montcalm 7–Years War Albany
Congress Salutary Neglect Benjamin Franklin Proclamation of 1763 Huguenots Edict of Nantes
Chapter 7 Study Guide The Road to Revolution 1. Define the terms "mercantilism and the
Navigation Laws," then explain to what extent these policies led to future rebellion by the English
colonies (16points) 2. Why did the Quebec Act (1774)create such a "stir" in the English colonies of
America? (6points) 3. Compare and contrast the advantages and

Tourism And Tourism
Visitation and spending directly related to nearby public lands such as national parks annually
contribute billions to regional economies while creating hundreds of thousands of private sector
jobs. Tourism spending, as defined by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), is the spending
comprised of all goods and services purchased by tourists, where tourists are defined as people who
travel for any reason.
Whereas, de Kalt (1979) explains that tourists purchase goods and services from a variety of
industries including hotels, restaurants, rental car agencies, retail stores, and airlines as well as
influencing secondary impacts such as food production. At the same time, the economic benefits of
national parks extend beyond tourism. In today's economy, the greatest value of natural amenities
and recreation opportunities often lies in the ability of protected lands to attract and retain people,
entrepreneurs, their businesses, and the growing number of retirees who locate for quality of life
reasons. The follow research aims to demonstrate how tourism within a state affects its different
national parks and their surrounding communities. Specifically, the focus will be on two national
parks in Maryland, Catoctin Mountain Park and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Park.
Furthermore, an analysis will be made about what incentivizes people to visit, and a proposition will
be given as to how parks can work to bring in more visitors and strengthen their relationships wit

Smithsonian Museum
Three Things You Must Do When Visiting Washington, D. C.
Washington, D. C. is not only one of the most popular tourists destinations in the United States, but
because it is the capital of the United States, there is an enormous amount of history associated with
the city. In fact, you could never see all of the great sites in one visit, but if you only visit this city
once, there are three sites that you must see on your trip. The following is a brief description of these
sites.
The Smithsonian Museum
Although it is often called a museum, it is, in fact, composed of 19 different museums, and is truly
the greatest of all museums in America. The only problem is the large scope of subjects and exhibits
that can be seen. It is impossible to see everything in one day or even one trip, so it is a good idea to
at least make an entire day of your visit to Washington D. C. that is dedicated to the Smithsonian
Institute. You will need to pick up a map of the Smithsonian and decide what interests you the most,
and then focus your time there. Examples of museums found at the Smithsonian are the Natural
History Museum, the American History Museum and the National Air and Space Museum. ... Show
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C., but they are spread apart around the city. There are tours that you can purchase that will take you
to all of these monuments, so you don't have to attempt to navigate in a rented car in a city you are
not familiar with. Important monuments to see include the Jefferson Memorial and the Washington
Monument. However, if you only have time to visit a single monument, you should see the Lincoln
Memorial. Everyone is familiar with this memorial from its representation on the back of a penny,
but to see it close up is awe

Life And Actions Of Charles Carroll Of Carrollton
The life and actions of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, including his wealth and business skills, and
his active patriotism, positively affected American life in early American times, as well as today.
The Carrollton family legacy and wealth influenced Charles in his upbringing; Charles' parents
instilled within him an appreciation for business, and he later became a talented businessman,
providing jobs and opportunities for others. He was also actively involved in politics and patriotism,
despite his Catholic religion. His involvement in politics and his patriotism ultimately led to his
signing of the Declaration of Independence, which was a huge milestone of achieving freedom in
American history.
Charles Carroll of Carrollton came from a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Charles Carroll of Carrollton challenged Catholic standings, much like John F. Kennedy ("Charles
Carroll of Carrollton – The Signer").
Charles frequently wrote anti–tax pieces in newspapers under the pseudonym "First Citizen"
("Primary and Secondary Sources: Guidelines for Authors"). Another popular anonymous author,
Daniel Dulaney who wrote under the pseudonym "Antilon" also debated with Charles through his
articles ("Charles Carroll of Carrollton – The Signer"). Through his anti–tax writings as "First
Citizen" and the debates with "Antilon" , Charles Carroll of Carrollton gained a following. It's no
secret that Charles Carroll came from an extremely wealthy family. The Carroll family maintained a
legacy of both wealth and prestige ("Charles Carroll of Carrollton – The Signer"). Charles Carroll,
in fact, was one of the wealthiest men in the colonies during his adulthood (Yost, Russell). Charles
was also heir to the Carrollton Manor, which was made up of approximately 10,000 acres of land.
However, he never lived on the land ("Charles Carroll of Carrollton – The Signer"). Currently,
descendants of Charles own the largest land plot in Howard County, Maryland (Yost, Russell). With
money easily available, Charles Carroll had the opportunity to make a substantial difference in the
lives of others, as well as with the colonial Maryland economy. While poor people could often not
defend themselves,

Water Transportation in the Jacksonian Era Essay
Water Transportation in the Jacksonian Era Water travel assisted heavily with transportation of
goods and people from the American north–east to the west, which would eventually create a
separation from the south.
Before any canals were even built, there was a great demand for better transportation to and from
the west. During this time of exploration, something was necessary in order for settlement to
progress. After the canals were built, people living in to north grew exceedingly wealthy from the
trading benefits of the canals. This wealth would eventually create economic differences with the
southern United States(Drago 178).
During the Jacksonian Era, in America, there were many changes happening, one of which was
western ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact there was such a profit from the Erie Canal in NYC that tolls were repealed during
1883(Erie). The canal cut traveling rates from Buffalo, New York, and New York City by more than
90%. This changed the entire economic make–up of the U.S., as well as gave exploration and travel
a helping hand.
Secondly, the C&O canal had many different developments in the period following it's completion.
However these developments were not nearly as good. The contractors, and engineers proved that
they could not correctly build the canal, as they did not finish in the predicted time(Bourne).The
C&O canal was not a financial success, and there were no economically enriched areas as there
were with the Erie Canal. By the late 1870s, the canal had passed it's peak of prosperity, and by
1881, it could not be stopped(Drago 71). However, the social effects were in some cases larger than
the economic effects.
Culture in the C&O are was heavily enriched by boatmen and other workers on the canal route.
These boatmen could tell people many things about what was going on in other parts of the state,
assisting with communication of these people. However there was a downside to these effects, as
many minorities were badly hurt by the construction. The Iroquois Indian Tribe was nearly
destroyed by the Erie canal, and many German

Personal Narrative: The Great Falls Trail
Crammed in a 1992 Ford truck that is supposed to seat three people, my brother, sister, dad, and I
surprisingly arrived at my dad's favorite park; it just happened to be over an hour away. This mini
trek felt as if it lasted for hours. At first, I dreaded piling up to listen to my family complain about
having each others' elbows touching for more time than I would have liked. I soon discovered the
uncomfortable ride would be worth it. Once we reached the winding road where we significantly
decreased our speed from the highway, my siblings and I grew with excitement to finally be able to
stretch our legs and go hiking. We unloaded the truck to spend a couple hours at what we called
Great Falls Park. Technically, this park is referred to as the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National
Historical Park from the Maryland side that we visit, while ... Show more content on
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We saw several signs warning us that the trail suggested bringing copious amounts of water.
Unfortunately, we had failed to bring more than one bottle per person. Because of our lack of
readiness, we were only able to hike a third of the trail after becoming tiresome. Thankfully, the trail
is broken up into three parts: A, B, and C. This way if I grew weary, there were opportunities to quit
instead of having to either trudge through to finish it. We stopped to read the marker for the next
section, B, that warned: "Many hikers are injured every year on this section of the Billy Goat Trail.
The terrain includes sharp drops, requires jumps across open areas, walking along the edges of
rocks, and a climb up a 50' traverse. Beyond this point, the next available exit is at the mid–point, up
to one–hour hike over difficult terrain. If you are tired, low on water, or unprepared for a strenuous
hike, please turn back." Considering this, we chose to take the path out and come back to the park
when were ready and had the proper

Canal Building before 1840 Essay
Canal Building before 1840: Essay
Throughout history, there has been a need for better mode of transportation in order to keep up with
economical growth. Canals have been around since the Ancient Roman Civilizations and still exist
today. Canals have been so important because they allow people to travel from one place to another
and back by way of water. They require very little energy and maintenance but help trade flow more
efficiently. This can be proved by observing the United States economy in the early 19th century.
The canal Era was a major influence in American History. Canal building was spurred by the
transportation revolution, which was from about 1815 to 1860. The transportation revolution greatly
affected the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It had paid off its seven–million dollar debt by 1836. It made New York the biggest trade center in
the United States. Canal construction was being planned in every state east of the Mississippi River.
I have found a couple major interpretations of my subject. One of them is a book titled The
Transportation Frontier. This book contains everything there is to know about the Canal Era. It also
talks about how our major mode of transportation went from turnpikes to canals, and later, canals to
steamboats and railroads. One thing that this source talks about that very few do is the other canals
that were built after the Erie Canal as a result of its success. These canals include the Champlain
canal, the Union Canal, the Ohio Canal, the Pennsylvania Canal, and many more.
I feel that my topic was fine as far as restrictions go. I do think though that it should have been
limited to the Erie Canal only because that was by far the most important canal of the era. All of the
sources I found have contained the Erie Canal.
One thing wrong with my topic is that it is limited to canals before 1840. It should have been canal
building before 1860 since that is about when the Canal Era ended.
Another topic should have been the transportation revolution from 1815 to 1860. This would include
all of the canals built and it would also contain how road and bridge building would move onto
canal building. And it

Era Of Good Feelings Dbq
After the War of 1812, the nation underwent the Era of Good Feelings, which reflected a sense of
nationalism and desire for unity among Americans. Monroe's presidency was closely associated with
this brief period of nationalism, where he began progress towards nationalization, and the collapse
of the Federalist party served to unify the government under a single political party.
Letter grade: B+
Around the time of Monroe's presidency, America experienced the "Era of Good Feelings" in 1815.
Victories during the War of 1812 instilled a new sense of confidence and brought many new
opportunities for Americans.
The "Era of Good Feelings" brought about a trend toward nationalization, inspired by the national
pride that arose from the War of 1812. The war made Monroe realize the necessity to promote
national growth, preparing to legislate them though John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay's American
System.
The Hartford Convention doomed the Federalist party, who had been significantly weakened by
now. The Federalist party continued to fade during Monroe's administration, and lacked the
influence it once had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
products. Manufacturing industries in the North benefited from this tariff, since they no longer had
to compete with cheap British goods, but negatively affected the southern states, with mostly
planters that relied on imports. Congress forced Adams to choose between a stronger protective
tariff than he would've preferred, to having no tariff at all, so Adams chose the tariff. The Tariff of
1828 was denounced as unconstitutional and oppressive, called the "Tariff of Abominations" by the
Virginia legislature. Even Vice President John C. Calhoun condemned the tariff and drafted the
South Carolina Exposition, which declared that it was in the states' rights to nullify federal laws that
were blatantly harming the state's best

Outline For The War Of 1812
a) In the War of 1812, America's troops were very poorly trained and consisted of old generals i)
America had the right idea of attack Canada, however they focused their attack on Detroit, Niagara,
and lake Champlain instead of attacking Montreal
b) British general Isaac Brock led an army to capture the American fort of Michilimackinac i) Oliver
Hazard Perry was able to capture a British fleet ii) In the Battle of Thames general Harrison brought
another victory for America by defeating Tecumseh. These events boosted America's morale iii)
Thomas Macdonough was able to force a British fleet to retreat
a) British troops burned most of Washington D.C when they entered the Chesapeake ... Show more
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Marshall made it so that Maryland couldn't tax the money and he stated the belief of loose
Construction which were loose interpretations of the constitution
b) The Cohens v Virginia case involved Cohen being guilty of selling lottery tickets, even though he
was found guilty by Virginia Courts, Marshall said that the Supreme court had the authority to
review all state courts decisions
c) Gibbons v Ogden involved New York trying to make a proprietorship on waterborne commerce,
however Marshall said supreme court had that right to control interstate commerce
a) Fletcher v Peck involved the case when Georgia illegally gave 35 million acres of land to
Mississippi privateers, Marshall said this was legal as it was a form of contract
b) Dartmouth College v Woodward involved the case of Dartmouth which had charter from King
George III however New Hampshire wanted to change that , but Marshall said that since it was a
contract it could stay and was legal
a) The Treaty of 1818 cleared the uncertainty of ownership of Oregon as it

Oysters : Historically Not Just For The Wealthy
Oysters: Historically Not Just for the Wealthy The oyster's role has change many times throughout
history; from the staple food of the Wampanoag Indians to the oyster saloons in New York, moving
to the dining rooms of Boston all the way to San Francisco. It moved from a food item of sheer
necessity to serendipity and, according to the Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America
(2004), during the 1610 Jamestown food shortage, colonists traveled to the James Rivers to sustain
themselves on the bounty of oysters. By the 1800s, it is deemed that the demand of oysters was so
high that the Atlantic and Gulf coast beds began to deplete (Oxford Encyclopedia, 2004) but, that
didn't slow down their consumption. Oysters were consumed by all classes, at all times of the day
and where available, all season long. Charles Mackay, an English traveler, wrote that "the rich
consume oysters and Champagne; the poorer classes consume oysters and large bier, and that is one
of the principal social differences between the two sections of the community" (Life and Liberty,
1859). No matter the social class or status, oysters were for everyone. Early Beginnings When you
hear the word oysters, does it bring images of oysters on the half shell, or Oysters Rockefeller in a
fine dining establishment on a special occasion. Or does the thought of spending upwards to $15 for
3 of those little delicacies make you stop and decide their not worth the trouble? Oysters were once
a staple of choice,

Essay Baltimore
The beautiful city of Baltimore, Maryland, nicknamed "Charm City" is full of historical cites and
landmarks. It was founded July 30, 1729, and it was named after Lord Baltimore, the first
proprietary governor of the Province of Maryland1. It was founded to serve the economic needs of
18th century farmers2. The waterways in Baltimore have been a passage for ships carrying
commercial cargo and new citizens since the 1600s. Baltimore became the second leading port of
entry for immigrants to the United States during the 1800s. Shipbuilding was one of the earliest
industries in Baltimore, and it increased during the Revolution and the War of 1812. When the
British controlled Philadelphia in 1777, Baltimore became the meeting place of the ... Show more
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Just prior to the Civil War, Maryland was a southern slave state, and during the war, they became
part of the union but still kept slavery legal. The Pro–southern sentiment led to the Baltimore riot of
1861, when Union soldiers marched through the city. After the riot Union troops occupied
Baltimore, and the whole state of Maryland came under direct federal administration until the end of
the war in 1865. This was a very vital move by the union because they did not want Washington,
D.C. to become completely surrounded by seceded Confederate territory. The case Ex parte
Merryman, written by the Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Taney, dealt with the habeas corpus
rights of Marylanders jailed by the Abraham Lincoln Administration and strongly reprimanded
Lincoln for his actions. Baltimore's overseas trade was principally with the Caribbean Islands and
South America, regions undergoing economic and social changes. At the same time, the American
frontier was pushing even farther west, threatening to leave Baltimore behind in its economic wake.
The State of Maryland concentrated its efforts on completing the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal,
designed to link the Potomac and Ohio River valleys, but the city of Baltimore supported an
overland link in the form of the Baltimore & Ohio

How the Industrial Revolution Affects Us Today
Danielle Velazquez
Mr. Teacher
Course Number
3 May 2011
How the Industrial Revolution Affects Today
The Industrial Revolution that rocked America's economic and social structure was a magnificent
tool of change. The massive influx of industry that it brought with it changed the lives of millions of
people. The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point in American history. Almost every aspect
of daily life was influenced in some way. "For the first time in history, the living standards of the
masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth...Nothing remotely like this
economic behavior has happened before" (Robert E. Lucas, 1997). Steam power, machine–based
manufacturing, water power, improved communication, and ... Show more content on
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The way of life differed from place to place, depending on the climate, the soil, and the distance
from towns and trade routes. For most people, life revolved around the agricultural seasons––
planting, cultivating, harvesting, and processing the harvest. The demand for manual labor created
strong incentives to mechanize labor intensive tasks such as plowing and harvesting.
The eastern seaboard of the United States, with a great number of rivers and streams along the
Atlantic seaboard, provided many potential sites for constructing mills and infrastructure necessary
for early industrialization. A vast supply of natural resources along with a large labor supply
consisting of surplus domestic rural workers and massive immigration from European nations
enabled industrialization. The ready supply of labor was an advantage American industrialism had
over European.
1.1 Factories and Mills In the mid 1780's, Oliver Evans invented the grain elevator and hopper boy
that would eventually replace traditional gristmills. By the turn of the century, Evans also developed
one of the first high pressure steam engines and began establishing a network of machine workshops
to manufacture and repair these popular inventions. In 1789, the widow of Nathanael Greene
recruited Eli Whitney to develop a machine to separate the seeds of short fibered cotton from the
fibers. The resulting cotton gin could be made with

Essay United States Agriculture
Agriculture was the most important economic activity in America from the founding of Virginia in
1607 to about 1890. Although farming declined rapidly in relative economic importance in the
twentieth century, U.S. agriculture continued to be the most efficient and productive in the world. Its
success rested on abundant fertile soil, a moderate climate, the ease of private land ownership,
growing markets for farm produce at home and abroad, and the application of science and
technology to farm operations.
The first settlers, finding that European agriculture could not easily be transferred to the new
environment, adopted the Indian practices of raising corn, squash, tobacco, and other crops. From
the beginning corn, grown in all the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Agricultural expansion was encouraged by removal of Indians from choice farmlands, liberal public
land policies, development of canal and rail transportation, demand for food and fiber in the
growing towns and cities, increasing exports, and especially improved farm machinery. One of the
greatest advances made in agriculture before the Civil War was the shift from human to animal
power and the use of new labor–saving machines. Besides the cotton gin, innovations such as iron
and steel plows, reapers, threshing machines, grain drills, corn and cotton planters, and iron harrows
and cultivators became common. These implements were drawn by oxen and horses. In 1800, it took
fifty–six man–hours to grow (Fite 27).
Meanwhile, agricultural reformers advised farmers to rotate their crops, conserve the soil, use
fertilizers, adopt new crops, improve livestock breeds, and use the latest machinery. Although a few
farmers practiced soil conservation by rotating crops or growing legumes, they just simply plowed
up new lands when the fertility of their fields declined. Of the three main components of
production–land, labor, and capital–land was the cheapest, so it made economic sense in the short
run to exploit the soil to the fullest (Fite 28).
Farmers continued to supply many of their own needs, but increasingly

Ch 12 Essay
Chapter 12
The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812–1824
1. A Scary War with Britain (pp. 233–240)
a. What do the authors say at the outset is the "supreme lesson" of the War of 1812? The leading a
divided and apathetic people into war is a bad idea
b. For two years, the Americans and British fought to a standstill in Canada. What event in Europe
in 1814 allowed the British to concentrate all their forces in America? Napoleons power was
destroyed
c. After American naval successes on Lake Erie under Admiral Oliver H. Perry and then on Lake
Champlain, a British force invaded the Chesapeake region and burned the new capital of
Washington to the ground in August 1814. They then were beaten off ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
2. Nationalism and the "American System" (pp. 240–242)
a. Increased security and self–confidence after the war produced a heightened sense of "nationalism"
people associating themselves with the nation first and their respective states second. A national
literature developed in the works of Washington Irving and James Fennimore Cooper and in the
construction of a new capitol building in Washington A revived Second Bank of the United States
was established in 1816 this time with the (support or opposition) of the Jeffersonian Republicans.
(Note: Modern students can be excused for finding a discussion about tariff policy a bit boring. This
section covers the first of many tariff battles throughout the 1800s. Tariffs today are not a big deal
because there is a worldwide trend to reduce duties on imports and because the government gets
most of its revenue through income taxes. However, there was no income taxation until 1913 and
the government therefore depended almost exclusively on tariff duties for its revenue. So it's
important to have a general understanding.) b. Look at the Tariff Chart on page A57 of the
Appendix. At their peak in 1828, tariff duties on imported goods amounted to 60 percent of their
value. In 1996, that tariff rate amounted to only about 5 percent. The authors say
(p. 241) that the Tariff of 1816 was the first in history "instituted primarily for protection, not
revenue." *** What is a "protective"

The War Of 1812 Was Terrible For Americans
1) Introduction a) The War of 1812 was terrible for Americans because of disunity and there was no
angry spirit like the Chesapeake incident, but nationalism emerged 2) On to Canada over Land and
Lakes a) The soldiers in the War of 1812 were ill–trained and were not prepared for war. b) The
strategy used for attacking Canada was poorly planned because instead of attacking Montreal, the
center of population, the plan was spilt into 3 invasions of Detroit, Niagara, and Lake Champlain c)
The British and Canadians had captured the American fort at Michilimackinac that had controlled
the Great Lakes and the Indian area in the south and west, which was commanded by Isaac Brock i)
The control of Great Lakes was important, in which Oliver Hazard Perry built ships on Lake Eerie
and captured the British fleet ii) While the British were leaving Detroit and Fort Malden, they were
attacked by General Harrison's army at Battle of Thames d) There were some improvements, such as
the American navy having more success than the army and there were better gunners e) Americans
protected their own country against the conquering British. Napoleon was exiled to Elba later and
America was alone to face the war while more red coats went to Canada f) The British tried to attack
NYC, but was stopped by Thomas Macdonough and was almost impossible to stop until he turned
the ship with cables, brining a victory home 3) Washington Burned and New Orleans Defended a)
British troops landed in

J.P. Morgan Essay
John Pierpont Morgan is considered one of the founding fathers of the modern United States
economy. He was an industrial genius that is accredited with the founding of many companies
including General Electric and AT&T. However, Pierpont is looked upon as a saint and demon
the same. He received a honorary degree from Harvard university that read: "Public citizen, patron
of literature and art, prince among merchants, who by his skill, wisdom and courage, has twice in
times of stress repelled a national danger of financial panic." But Robert LaFollette, the Wisconsin
progressive, saw him as "a beefy, red–faced thick–necked financial bully, drunk with wealth and
power." Despite conflicting opinion on his persona, his influence and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When Junius Morgan died in 1890, J.P. became head of the London house. Pierpont now was able to
control all the dealing between the New York based firm and their oversees partner. Anthony Drexel
also died in 1893, and Morgan reorganized the Morgan and Drexel firms two years later. The New
York based Drexel Morgan became J. P Morgan & Co. Drexel, Harjes & Company was
Drexel's prominent Paris–based invest banking business. Morgan's new French connection was
renamed Morgan, Harjes & Co. Pierpont was now at the head of houses in New York,
Philadelphia, London and Paris. He was the commanding figure in international finance. Pierpont
Morgan was an imposing figure on Wall Street and in the financing world but was virtually
unknown to many until 1869. That year a war over railroads began including Jay Gould and Jim
Fisk, both famous financiers. Gould already had dominant control over the Erie railroad and began
to buy up stock in the Albany & Susquehanna Railroad. The board of the railroad was
prevented from issuing new stock to protect itself and the president of the company, Joseph Ramsey,
was suspended. A judge appointed Jim Fisk as temporary controller of the company until the
ownership argument was settled. Ramsey and the board of the company fought Gould buy acquiring
more shares of the company. Both sides had judges that placed injunctions on the opposing sides of
the war. Mr. Ramsey soon found himself with not enough money to keep up

Essay JP Morgan
JP Morgan John Pierpont Morgan is considered one of the founding fathers of the modern United
States economy. He was an industrial genius that is accredited with the founding of many companies
including General Electric and AT&T. However, Pierpont is looked upon as a saint and demon the
same. He received a honorary degree from Harvard university that read: "Public citizen, patron of
literature and art, prince among merchants, who by his skill, wisdom and courage, has twice in times
of stress repelled a national danger of financial panic." But Robert LaFollette, the Wisconsin
progressive, saw him as "a beefy, red–faced thick–necked financial bully, drunk with wealth and
power." Despite conflicting opinion on his persona, his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The firm of Duncan, Sherman & Co. was the American representation of the George Peabody
Company. He wrote to the company asking for a position for his son and advertising the fact that his
son had "many admirable qualities for a worker" To the company, J.P brought an energetic and
enterprising spirit, mathematical wisdom, great confidence and a useful tie with the English banking
world. In less than three years Morgan went from clerk to cashier in the company. Although, he was
denied a promotion when his father requested one, he did receive a promotion in the firm later in his
career. In 1860 Morgan left Duncan, Sherman and founded J. P. Morgan and Company to act as an
agent for his father's business. Young Morgan had his hands full at time putting through sales of
American securities on behalf of his fathers anxious English clients, who doubted if the Union
would survive and wanted to unload their American holdings in. In 1864 Morgan joined up with
another former businessman of Duncan, Sherman & Company.
Charles Dabney and Morgan started their own company named Dabney, Morgan & Co. Morgan's
business continued to grow as he intensively involves his company in more trade and commerce
transactions. In 1871 Dabney retired and Anthony J. Drexel became Morgan's new senior partner.
Drexel was already the head of the Philadelphia investment bank Drexel & and Company. The new
company Drexel Morgan & Co. became one of the largest and most

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