This document provides an introduction to a training manual on the role of children in making schools child-friendly. It discusses that children play an important role alongside teachers and parents in developing schools according to national guidelines. The training manual is based on indicators from the government's framework for quality education and child-friendly schools. It presents topics and activities to help participants understand concepts and develop skills related to ensuring children's participation rights in schools. The overall goal is to support efforts to implement child-centered practices in schools according to government policy.

2. ;dfh;]jf tyf dfgj clwsf/df dlxnf / afnaflnsf -l;lj;_
Children and Women in Social Services & Human Rights (CWISH)
lq/Tg dfu{, a'4gu/–!), sf7df8f}+, g]kfn
kf]i6 aS; g+= @!$##, kmf]g M ±(&&–!–$&*$%$%, $&*!#*^,
kmofS; M ±(&&–!–$&*!#*^, Od]n: info@cwish.org.np,
j]a: www.cwish.org.np

3. ;Nnfxsf/ M zfGtL clwsf/L, ljdnf 1jfnL, ;/f]h s]=;L
;Dkfbs M /d]zs'df/ kf}8]n
n]vg M sdn rfkfufOF{
;+of]hg M dlxdf k|wfg
g'tg zdf{
k|ltlnlk clwsf/© M ;dfh;]jf tyf dfgj clwsf/df dlxnf / afnaflnsf -l;lj;_
k|sfzg ldlt M ;g @)!%
n]cfp6÷l8hfO{g M /d]z e08f/L, led k|;fb Gof}kfg] …lbk]zÚ
k|sfzg ;xof]u M Every Child, UK
ISBN : 978-99337-9080-1-6
afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf
-tflnd lgb]{lzsf_

4. ljifo–;"rL
k]h g+=
e"ldsf
v08 ! 1
lgb]{lzsfsf] kl/ro 1
v08 @ 5
;];g ! M :jfut tyf kl/ro 5
;];g @ M ck]Iff ;+sng / p2]Zo k|:t't 5
;];g # M gLlt lgod lgdf{0f 6
;];g $ M ljBfnodf afnclwsf/ / afnd}qL ljBfno 6
;];g % M afnd}qL ljBfno 8
;];g ^ M afnd}qL ljBfnosf] k|efjsf/Ltf 10
;];g & M ;dfj]zLs/0f 14
;];g * M ljBfnodf ;xeflutf 18
;];g ( M :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff / arfp 22
;];g !) M lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutf 25
;];g !! M ljBfnodf afnSna / afnSnadf k|hftflGqs cEof; 27

5. e"ldsf
ljBfno z}lIfs hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]{ ynf] xf] . /fHosf nflu ;Ifd hfu?s hgzlQm tof/ ug]{ k|d'v
cfwf/x¿dWo]sf] Pp6f cfwf/ k|efjsf/L lzIf0f l;sfO xf] . k|efjsf/L lzIf0f l;sfOsf nflu afnd}qL
ljBfno Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ ;t{ xf] . ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL ljBfnosf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug{sf nflu cfjZos
;|f]t ;fwgsf] cltl/Qm lzIfs, cleefjsx¿sf] e"ldsfsf;fy} :jo+ afnaflnsfsf] klg pNn]Vo e"ldsf
x'g] ub{5 . o; ;Gb{edf afnaflnsfsf] s] s:tf e"ldsf x'G5g . To;nfO{ afnaflnsfnfO{ s;/L e"ldsf
lgefPsf v08df ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL ljBfnosf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 < olb ljBfnosf] lzIf0f
l;sfO k|lqmofnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu afnaflnsfn] ;sf/fTds e"ldsf v]n]gg eg] ljBfnonfO{
afnd}qL agfpg] of]hgf k"/f x'g ;Sb}g . ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL agfpgsf nflu ;/sf/af6 u'0f:t/Lo
lzIffsf nflu afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f¿k klg tof/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . o;sf] Jojxfl/s sfof{Gjgsf
nflu o;af/]df afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ klg ;xhLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ plQs} cfjZostf 5 . oxL cfjZostfnfO{
k"/f ug]{ p2]Zon] l;lj;n] of] lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/]sf] xf] .
o; lgb]{lzsf leq g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f tof/ ePsf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f¿kdf
pNn]lvt ;"rsx¿nfO{ ljifoj:t'sf] ¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o; lgb]{lzsfdf tL ljifoj:t'x¿nfO{
lqmofsnfkd'vL agfPsf] 5 . lqmofsnfkd'vL ePsf sf/0f o;n] ljifoj:t'x¿sf] 1fg, wf/0ff / ;Lk
ljsf; ug{ ;xefuLx¿nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg] 5 . o;df pNn]lvt ljifoj:t'x¿ / To;sf lqmofsnfkx¿nfO{
:ki6 a'emfO / ;Lk ljsf; ug{ nlIft ;d"xsf ;xhstf{x¿nfO{ cEo:t ug]{ cj;/ / jftfj/0f cfjZos
x'G5 . k|z:t cEof; / jftfj/0fn] dfq ck]lIft ;Gb]z tyf Jojxf/x¿ nlIft ;d"xdf k|ltljlDat x'g
;S5g . of] lgb]{lzsf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt cg'¿k ljBfnonfO{ u'0f:t/Lo / afnd}qL agfpg] sfo{df
ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;fy{s agfpg] cleofgdf ;xof]u l;4 x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .
cGTodf lgb]{lzsf n]vg sfo{ u/L ;xof]u ug{'x'g] sdn rfkfufO{+, ;Dkfbg sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ /d]zs'df/
kf}8]n tyf lgb]{lzsfsf] ;fh;Hhf tof/ kfg'{ x'g] /d]z e08f/L / led k|;fb Gof}kfg] …lbk]zÚnfO{ xflb{s
wGojfb 1fkg ub{5' .
cWoIf
ljdnf 1jfnL

6. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 1
v08 !
lgb]{lzsfsf] kl/ro
of] lgb]{lzsf ljBfnodf cWoog/t afnaflnsf, afnSnadf ;lqmo /x]sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{
tof/ kfl/Psf] lgb]{lzsf xf] . o; lgb]{lzsf leq g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f tof/ ePsf] u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu afnd}qL
ljBfno /fli6«o k|f?kdf pNn]lvt ;"rsx?nfO{ ljifoj:t'sf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o; lgb]{lzsfdf tL
ljifoj:t'x?nfO{ lqmofsnfkd'vL agfPsf] 5 . lqmofsnfkd'vL ePsf sf/0f o;n] ljifoj:t'x?sf] 1fg, wf/0ff
/ ;Lk ljsf; ug{ ;xefuLx?nfO{ ;lqmo agfpg] 5 . o;df pNn]lvt ljifoj:t'x? / To;sf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{
:ki6 a'emfO / ;Lk ljsf; ug{ nlIft ;d"xsf ;xhstf{x?nfO{ cEo:t ug]{ cj;/ / jftfj/0f cfjZos x'G5 .
k|z:t cEof; / jftfj/0fn] dfq ck]lIft ;Gb]z tyf Jojxf/x? nlIft ;d"xdf k|ltljlDat x'g ;S5g . of]
lgb]{lzsf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt cg'?k ljBfnonfO{ u'0f:t/Lo / afnd}qL agfpg] sfo{df ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsfnfO{
;fy{s agfpg] cleofgdf ;xof]u l;4 x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .
lgb]{lzsfsf] k|of]u
o; lgb]{lzsfn] ;xhstf{ jf k|lzIfsnfO{ lgb]{lzt u/]sf] 5 eg] o;sf] nlIft ;d"x ljBfnodf cWoog/t
afnaflnsfx? x'g . o; lgb]{lzsfdf pNn]v ul/Psf ljifoj:t' / To;leqsf lqmofsnfkx? u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf
nflu afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f?kdf pNn]lvt ;"rsx?sf] cfwf/df tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL
agfpg ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsfnfO{ To;n] l;nl;n]jf/ 9+un] ljifoj:t'sf] k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . o;
lgb]{lzsf k|of]u ubf{ ljifoj:t' / k|:t'tLs/0f ;xefuLsf] :t/, Ifdtf, ?lr, cfjZostf / kl/l:ytL cg's"n
x'g'kb{5 . o; lgb]{lzsfdf ePsf ljifoj:t'x? tflnd jf cgf}krfl/s 5nkmnaf6 klg ug{ ;lsG5 . tflndnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg @) hgf b]lv @% hgf;Ddsf] ;d"x k|efjsf/L x'G5 . k|lzIfsn] h'g;'s} ljlwsf] k|of]u u/]tf
klg lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ l;nl;n]jf/ 9+uaf6 k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 .
lgb]{lzsfsf] 9fFrf jf ;+/rgf
o; lgb]{lzsfdf ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL ljBfno agfpg ckl/xfo{ ;ft cf]6f k|d'v ljifoj:t'x? ;dfj]z ul/Psf
5g . o;sf] k|To]s ljifoj:t' ;xhLs/0f ubf{ nfUg] ;do, k|of]u x'g] ljlwx?, lqmofsnfk / ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx?
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . of] lgb]{lzsf k|of]u ubf{ ;xhstf{n] lbOPsf lqmofsnfk / ljifoj:t'sf] p2]ZonfO{ ljz]if
Wofg lbg' kb{5 .
;xhstf{n] Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx?
of] lgb]{lzsfsf] k|of]ustf{ eg]s} ;xhstf{ xf] . o; lgb]{lzsfn] ;xhstf{ eGgfn] tflnd ;~rfng ug]{ JolQm
jf k|lzIfs, tflnd cfof]hgf ug]{ ;+:yf jf ;d"xnfO{ a'emfpF5 . ;xhstf{n] of] lgb]{lzsfdf cfwfl/t /xL tflnd

7. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf2
;~rfng ug'{ k"j{ dfly pNn]v ul/Psf ljlw / ltgsf] pkof]lutfx?sf] af/]df uxg cWoog u/L o;sf ;xL
k|of]u ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 .
s_ tflnd Joj:yfkg
tflndsf] ;kmntfsf] tflndsf] Joj:yfkgdf lge{/ /xG5 . tflndsf] Joj:yfkg eGg] ljlQs} tflnd ;~rfng
x'g] :yfg, ;xefuLx?, a;fOsf] Joj:yf, tflnd ;fdu|L, vfhf jf vfgf cflbsf] k|aGwnfO{ a'emg' kb{5 . tflnd
;~rfng x'g' k"j{ oL ;a} s'/fsf] Joj:yfkg ug'{kb{5 . o:tf s'/fx?df ;xefuLx?n] cefj jf c;xh dx;';
u/]sf] cj:yfdf tflndsf] ljifoj:t'df Wofg s]Gb|Lt ug{ ;Sb}gg . To;}n] tflnd k"j{ g} tflnddf Jojl:yt
ug'{kg]{ s'/fsf] ;"lr tof/ u/L sfd ug'{ pQd x'G5 . tflnd Joj:yfkgsf nflu lgDg s'/fx?sf] ;"lr agfpg
;lsG5 M
à tflnddf ;xefuL x'g]x?sf] ;+Vof -;Dej eP;Dd gfdfjnL / ;Dks{ gDa/_
à tflnddf df k|of]u x'g] kof{Kt ;fdu|Lx? tof/ eP gePsf]
à tflnd sIfdf ;xefuLx?sf] a;fO{ -tflnd sIf w]/} 7"nf] jf w]/} ;fgf] ePdf tflnd k|efjsf/L x'b}g_
à oftfoftsf] ;fwgsf] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ ePdf To;sf] Joj:yf
à tflnd ;dodf lrof gf:tfsf] tof/L
à >Job[iosf] Joj:yf
à pks/0fx? -k|f]h]S6/, ;]tf] kf6L, dfs{/ cflb_ sf] Joj:yf
à k|fylds pkrf/ ;fdu|L
à clen]lvs/0f -k|ltj]bg n]Vg] JolQm, k|ltj]bg a'emfpg] ldlt_sf] tof/L, kmf]6f]skL, ;xefuLnfO{ cWoog
;fdu|L pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf
v_ ;xhstf{sf] b}lgs tof/L
ljifoj:t'sf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ ;xh agfpg ;xhstf{sf] b}lgs tof/L dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . To;}n] ;xhstf{n]
tflndsf] qmddf b}lgs tof/LnfO{ ljz]if dxTjsf ;fy sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{ kb{5 .
b}lgs tof/L ubf{ cl3Nnf] lbgsf] ljifoj:t', k|lzIf0f ljlw, ;xefuLx?sf] ;xeflutf / l;sfO{ pknlAwnfO{
cfwf/ agfpg ;s]df cem k|efjsf/L ;q ;~rfng ug{ ;lsG5 . ;xhstf{n] ljifoj:t', To;sf ;DaGwdf
lgb]{lzsfdf lbOPsf lqmofsnfk, k|of]u x'g] ljlw cflbsf] af/]df :ki6 x'g' kb{5 . k|To]s ljifoj:t' / To;df
k|of]u x'g] ljlwsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;fdu|Lx?sf] Joj:yf eP gePsf] lgSof}{n ug'{ kb{5 .
u_ ;do Joj:yfkg
tflnd ;~rfngsf] qmddf ;dosf] ;xL Joj:yfkg x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf tflndsf] Joj:yfkg jf tflnd
;~rfngdf gsf/fTds k|efj kb{5 . 5f]6f] ;dodf /dfOnf] tl/sfn] w]/} eGbf w]/} l;sfO{ pknlAw xfl;n ug'{
tflndsf] nIo /x]sf] x'G5 . o;sf nflu ljifoj:t'df pNn]lvt ;dodf ;q k"/f ug{ pko'Qm tl/sf, ;fdu|L,
k|:t'tLs/0fs]f 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . cjwf/0ffTds s'/f / bf]xf]l/Psf lqmofsnfkx? tyf k|lqmofx?nfO{ ;s];Dd
5f]6f] jf sd ;dodf ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o; lgb]{lzsfsf lqmofsnfkx?df 5'6ofOPsf] ;do ;fdfGo c8sn dfq
xf] . jf:tljs ;do t ;xefuLx?sf] :t/, Ifdtf / ljifoj:t'x?sf] k|s[ltsf cfwf/df w]/} jf yf]/} nfUg ;S5 .
;xosf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'/fdf ;xhstf{x?n] dflysf s'/fx?nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ lgwf{l/t ;doeGbf a9L jf sd

8. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 3
nufpg ;Sg'x'G5 . tflndsf] ;donfO{ ;xL Joj:yfkg ug{ lgDg pkfox? ckgfpg ;lsG5 M
à tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;'? ug]{
à 5nkmnsf] ljifoj:t'nfO{ cGoq hfg glbg]
à j0f{g ug{sf nflu w]/} ;do vr{ gug]{
à lqmofsnfksf] k|lqmof / of]hgfsf sfdx? tflnd sIfdf k|j]z ug'{ k"j{ g} ;Dkfbg ug]{ .
à tf]lsPsf] ;dodf sIff ;dfKt ug]{ .
3_ tflndsf] ;'?jft
à ;a} ;xefuLx? pkl:yt ePsf] lgSof}{n ug]{ .
à ;a}nfO{ :jfut ug]{ / tflndsf] p2]Zosf] af/]df ;xefuLnfO{ :ki6 kfg]{ .
à ;xefuLnfO{ cfk"mn] s'g} klg 7"nf] ;d:of Aof]xf]g'{ gkg]{ t/ cfPsf ;d:ofnfO{ ;fd'lxs k|of;af6 ;dfwfg
ug]{ k|of; ul/g] s'/f atfpg] .
à tflndsf] ;DalGwt ljifoj:t'sf] af/]df ;xefuLnfO{ :ki6 kfg]{ / tflnd cjlwe/ l;Sg] l;sfpg] qmd x'g]
s'/f atfpg] .
à ljifoj:t'df k|j]z ubf{ ljifoj:t';Fu ;DalGwt v]n, syf jf cGo dgf]/~hgfTds lqmofsnfk u/fpg] .
à ;do ;dodf dgf]/~hgfTds lqmofsnfk u/fpg] .
ª_ tflndsf] :yug jf cGTo
lbge/Lsf] 5nkmndf ePsf c:ki6 ;jfnx? jf ljifoj:t' ePdf k'gM:d/0f ug]{ df}sf lbg] .
kl5Nnf] lbgdf cem al9 ;xeflutf, l;sfOsf nflu pT;flxt ug]{ .
;xefuLx?df lbge/Lsf lqmofsnfkx?n] clN5kgf agfPsf] 5 eg] s]xL pTk|]/0ff hufpg] .
;a}sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfsf] nflu wGojfb lbg] .
r_ o; lgb]{lzsfdf lbOPsf ljifoj:t'x? afnaflnsfsf nflu clN5 nfUg] x'g ;S5 . o:tf] kl/l:ytL cfPdf
tlnd k|efjsf/L gx'g klg ;S5 . To;}n] ;xhstf{n] k|To]s ;do ljrf/ k'/ofP/ ;xhLs/0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{
cl3 a9fpg' kb{5 . ;xhstf{n] k|To]s ljifoj:t'sf] lqmofsnfk k"/f ul/;s]kl5 csf]{ ljifoj:t'df k|j]z ubf{
To;sf] ;DaGw hf]8g ;xefuLx?;Fu 5nkmn ug]{ ug'{kb{5 . ;xefuLx?nfO{ lqmofsnfkx? aLrsf] ;DaGw yfxf
ePg eg] ljifo abNg] lalQs} c;lhnf] dx;'; x'g ;S5 . slxn] sfxLF eg] Pp6f ljifoj:t' k"/f ul/;s]kl5
s]xL dgf]/~hgfTds lqmofsnfk klg u/fpg ;lsG5 .
5_ ;xhstf{sf nflu s]xL h'lQmx?
à tflndnfO{ /f]rs / ;xefuLd"ns agfpg'sf ;fy} ;xefuLx¿nfO{ ljifodf 5nkmn ug]{ jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf
ug{ / ;xefuLx¿sf] Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ tflndsf] ;];g z'? ug'{ k"j{ ;a} hgf ;xefuLx¿sf] ;dfg ;xeflutf
/xg] u/L s'g} /dfOnf] lqmofsnfk u/fpg' /fd|f] x'G5 . -h:t}M uLt, sljtf, v]n cflb_
à ;xefuLx¿nfO{ tflndsf] p2]Zo / 5nkmndf cfpg] ljifoj:t'x¿sf] af/]df :ki6 hfgsf/L lbg' kb{5 .
à ljifoj:t'x¿sf] k|:t'tL / 5nkmnkZrft ;f] af/] ;xefuLx¿sf] a'emfOsf] :t/ s:tf] /Xof], pgLx¿sf] nflu
pkof]uL eof] ePg jf ;f] ljifoaf/] ;xefuLx¿sf] wf/0ff kQf nufpg] . o;sf] nflu k|Zgf]Q/ jf cGo s'g}
ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

9. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf4
à o; tflndsf] cl3Nnf] ;];g ;Fu kl5Nnf] ;];g hf]l8P/ hfG5g eGg] s'/fdf ;xhstf{ ;r]t x'g' k5{ .
To;}n] kl5Nnf] ;];g z'? ug'{ k"j{ cl3Nnf] ;];g / o; o; ;];gsf] ljifoj:t' aLrsf] ;DaGw atfpg'
k5{ .
à ;fy} o; ;];gsf] cGt ug]{ ;dodf o; ;];gdf s] s] ljifj:t'df 5nkmn ul/of] egL ;+If]kLs/0f ug'{sf
;fy} To; k5fl8sf] ;];gdf s'g ljifodf 5nkmn ul/G5 ;f] sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' k5{ . ;xhstf{n] Wofg
lbg'kg]{ d'Vo s'/f eg]sf] g} Ps ljifo / csf]{ ljifoaLrsf] ;fldKotf / cf}lrTotf bzf{pg' xf] .
à k|To]s ljifoj:t' / ;xhstf{sf] nflu eg]/ n]lvPsf] cGt/;DaGw :ki6;Fu hf]8b} hfg'k5{ . h;af6
;xefuLnfO{ oL k|To]s ljifj:t' cnu x'g / logLx¿aLr ;DaGw 5}g eGg] efg gk/f]; .
à tflnd xndf hfg'eGbf klxn] o; lgb]{lzsfdf pNn]v ePsf lqmofsnfk / ljlwaf/] k"j{ cEof; / tof/L
ug'{k5{ .
à lgb]{lzsfdf pNn]v ePsf ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u ubf{ cfkm" klxn] k|i6 x'g'k5{ .
à tflnd xndf hfg' k"j{ cfk"mnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fdu|Lx¿ tof/ kfg'{k5{ / cfk"mn] tof/ kf/]sf] ;fdu|Lx¿ 5'6]
g5'6]sf] af/] hfFr ug'{k5{ .
à ;xefuLnfO{ k|Zg ;f]lw;s]kl5 pQ/ ;f]Rgsf nflu s]xL ;do lbg'k5{ . t'?Gt csf]{ k|Zg ;f]Wg] jf cfk}mn]
pQ/ lbg] ug'{ x'b}g .
à ;d"x sfo{ lbFbf ;d"x 5nkmn eO/x]sf] ;dodf aLr aLrdf uP/ 5nkmn s;/L cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5
lgoldt cg'udg ug'{kb{5 .
à k|To]s ;xefuLnfO{ ;dfg ?kdf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g] ljlwsf] 5gf}6 ug{ ;xhstf{ :jtGq 5 . To;}n] To;tf
ljlwx¿sf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . h:t} M sd af]Ng] ;xefuL .
à lgwf{l/t ;do d} ;];g z'? ug'{k5{ / lgwf{l/t ;dod} ;];gsf] cGt ug'{k5{ .

10. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 5
;];g ! M :jfut tyf kl/ro
p2]ZoM
à ;xefuL afnaflnsfx? Pscsf{lar kl/lrt u/fpg' .
à ;xefuLx?nfO{ cled'lvs/0f sfo{qmdsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' .
ljlw M v]n
;do M $% ldg]6
lqmofsnfkM
à ;xefuLnfO{ Ps Ps cf]6f ;]tf] k]k/ afF8g] .
à ;a}nfO{ cfkmgf] glhssf] ;fyLn] gb]Vg] u/L cfkmgf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] lrq sf]g{ nufpg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLn] lrq tof/ ul/;s]kl5 ;xhstf{n] ;a} lrqx? ;+sng ug]{ .
à ;xefunfO{ xfdL ;fyx?sf] af/]df s] s] s'/fx? yfxf kfpg] eGg] k|Zg ug]{ / ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx?
Go"hlk|G6df l6Kg] . h:t} M gfd, pd]/, 7]ufgf, afnSna, ?rL .
à To;kl5 cl3 ;xefuLn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] lrqx? k'gM ;xefuLnfO{ afF8g] . o;/L afF8bf cfkmgf] lrq k/]df
To;nfO{ /fv]/ csf]{ lng nufpg] .
à ;a}sf] xftdf Ps Ps cf]6f lrq k/]kl5 ;f] lrqsf] cfwf/df ;fyL kQf nufpg nufpg] .
à ;a}n] cfkmgf] cfkmgf] ;fyL kQf nfu] kl5 Go"hlk|G6df n]lvPsf] s'/fx? yfxf kfpg] u/L ;fyL;Fu kl/ro u/]/
l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] .
à ;a}n] ;fyL;Fu kl/ro ug]{ sfd ;lsPkl5 cfkmgf] ;fyLsf] kl/ro lbg nufpg] .
;];g @ M ck]Iff ;+sng / p2]Zo k|:t't
p2]Zo
à ;xefuL afnaflnsfx?n] sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo af/] hfgsf/L k|fKt
ug]{5g .
ljlw M ;d"x 5nkmn, k|:t'tLs/0f
;do M #) ldg]6
lqmofsnfkM
à ;xefuLnfO{ rf/ ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ .
à k|To]s ;d"xnfO{ Ps Ps cf]6f Go"hlk|G6 / k|To]s ;xefuLnfO{ Ps Ps
cf]6f ;fOg k]g afF8g] .
v08 @

11. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf6
à ;d"xnfO{ lbOPsf] Go"hlk|G6sf] aLrdf 7"nf] uf]nf] /]vf agfpg nufpg] / 5]pdf wsf{ sf]g{ nufpg] . -5]pdf
lbOPsf] lrq h:tf] agfpg nufpg]_
à o;/L lrq sf]bf{ ;d"xdf ePsf ;xefuL ;+Vof cg';f/ sf]7fsf] ;+Vof a9fpg ;lsg] s'/fdf ;xhstf{
;hu /xg] .
à To;kl5 ;xefuLnfO{ 5]psf sf]7fx?df cfk"mn] /fv]sf] ck]Iff ! jf @ jfSodf n]Vg nufpg] .
à ;a}n] n]lv;s]kl5 ;a}sf] ck]Iffx?sf] PsLs[t ?k aLrsf] uf]nf] 3]/fdf n]Vg nufpg] .
à ;a}n] ;d"x sfo{ ;ls;s]kl5 larsf] uf]nf]df ePsf] s'/f k|:t'tL ug{ nufpg] .
à ;d"xsf] k|:t'tLs/0f ;lsPkl5 ;xhstf{n] sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zosf] af/]df :ki6 kfg]{ .
à o;/L p2]Zo atfpbf ;xefuLn] /fv]sf ck]Iffx?dWo] 5nkmndf gcfpg] ljifoj:t' ePdf To;af/]df klg
:ki6 kfg]{ .
;];g # M gLlt lgod lgdf{0f
p2]ZoM
à ;xefuL afnaflnsfx?n] sfo{qmd cjlwsf] nflu cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f u/L nfu" ug]{5g .
ljlw M k|Zgf]Q/, l6kf]6
;do M !% ldg]6
lqmofsnfkM
à ;xhstf{n] b'O{ cf]6f Go"hlk|G6 leQfdf 6fF:g] / Pp6fdf æsfo{qmd cjlwdf ug]{Æ / csf]{df æsfo{qmd
cjlwdf gug]{Æ egL n]Vg] .
à To;kl5 ;xefuLx?dfem sfo{qmd cjlwdf s] ug]{ < s] gug]{ < egL 5nkmn rnfpg] / ;xefuLn] eg]sf
s'/fx? ;f]xL cg';f/ leQfdf 6fFl;Psf] Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLn] cfkmgf] ljrf/ JoQm u/] gu/]sf] ;'lglZrt ug]{ . ;a}n] cfkmgf] ljrf/ /flv;s]kl5 tof/
ePsf] cfrf/;+lxtf ;a}n] ;'Gg] u/L ;xhstf{n] k9g] / o;nfO{ kfngf ug{ cg'/f]w ug]{ .
;];g $ M ljBfnodf afnclwsf/ / afnd}qL ljBfno
p2]ZoM
à ;xefuLx?n] afnclwsf/sf] kl/efiff atfpg ;Sg]5g .
à ;xefuLx?n] afnd}qL ljBfnodf x'g'kg]{ s'/fx?sf] cfwf/e"t ;"lr tof/ ug{ ;Sg]5g .
ljlw M dlit:s dGyg, k|:t'tLs/0f
;do M ^) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M dfs{/, Go"hlk|G6, k]k/ 6]k

12. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 7
lqmofsnfkM
à ;a} ;xefuLnfO{ cfkmgf] sfkL vf]Ng nufO{ b'O{ cf]6f sf]nd agfpg nufpg] . Pp6f sf]nddf afnclwsf/sf]
af/]df ;f]Rg nufO sfkLdf l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] . csf]{ sf]nddf xfd|f] ljBfnonfO{ /fd|f] ljBfno agfpg s]
s] s'/fx? rflxG5 < eGg] s'/f l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] . o;/L ;f]Rgsf nflu lgDg k|Zgx? ug]{ M
!= xfdL afnaflnsfx?nfO{ geO{ gx'g] s'/fx? s] s] x'g <
@= xfdLn] xfn k|fKt ul//x]sf clwsf/x? s] s] 5g / k|fKt ug{ afFsL /x]sf s] s] 5g <
#= ljBfnodf xfdLn] kfpg} kg]{ clwsf/x? s] s] xf]nfg <
$= xfd|f] ljBfnonfO{ /fd|f] ljBfno agfpg, xfdL afnaflnsfsf] nflu ;'xfpFbf] ljBfno agfpgsf nflu
s] s] s'/fx? rflxG5 <
à ;a} ;xefuLn] cfk"mn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{ clwsf/x?sf] af/]df l6kf]6 ul/;s]sf] lgSof}{n ePkl5 kfn} kfnf]
gbf]xf]l/g] ul/ eGg nufpg] . ;xhstf{n] ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLn] cfkmgf] ljrf/ /flv;s]kl5 ;xefuLn] eg]sf ;a} s'/fx? xfd|f cfjZostf ePsf] / oL
cfjZostf g} xfd|f] clwsf/ ePsf] s'/f hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
kf7o;fdu|L
afnaflnsfsf] nflu geO{ gx'g] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf g} afnclwsf/ xf] . cyf{t afnaflnsfsf] x]/rfx,
;+/If0f, ljsf; / ;':jf:Yosf] /Iff ug{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] dfgjclwsf/sf] ljz]if Joj:yf g} afnclwsf/ xf] .
afnclwsf/df cfwfl/t b[li6sf]0fdf afnaflnsfx? clwsf/ k|fKtstf{ x'g . afnaflnsfx? /fHoaf6 cfwf/e"t
afFRg kfpg], ljsf; ug{ kfpg], ;+/If0f kfpg] / ;xefuL x'g kfpg] clwsf/x? k|fKt ug{] xsbf/ x'g . afnaflnsf
:j:Yf hGdg kfpg', hGd]kl5 kf]if0fo'Qm vfg]s'/f / pko'Qm sk8f nufO{ x's{g kfpg', :jf:Yosf] /fd|f] x]/larf/
x'g', ;+/If0f / x]/ljrf/ kfpg', cfkmgf] Ifdtf, 1fg, ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{ kfpg', cfTdljZjf;sf ;fy ;fdflhs
lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' afnclwsf/ xf] . afnaflnsfsf] ;jf]{Qd lxt g} afnaflnsfx?sf] cfwf/e"t
;/f]sf/ xf] . afnclwsf/ dxf;lGwcg';f/sf clwsf/x?sf] ;Ddfg ub}{ ;a} afnaflnsfn] lagf s'g} e]befj
clwsf/sf] pkef]u ug]{ sfo{sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ljBfno, lzIfs, cleefjs, :yfgLo lgsfo jf cGo
;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;b}j tTk/ /xg' kb{5 . ;fy} cleefjsx?n] cfkmgf afnaflnsfnfO{ afFRg cfjZos dfkb08
k"/f ug{ ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
afnaflnsfn] tn pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf s'/fx? hGdhft ?kd} sfg'gL ?kdf k|fKt u/]sf] x'G5 .
à ljBfno uP/ c;n lzIff cfh{g ug{ kfpg',
à p;n] k9g] ljBfnodf d}qLk"0f{ jftfj/0f x'g',
à cfk"mnfO{ c:j:y dx;'; ePsf] s'g} klg ;dodf slDtdf klg k|fylds pkrf/ k|fKt ug'{,
à v]n, dgf]/~hg / cf/fd ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt ug'{
à s'g} klg k|sf/sf] b'3{6gf jf k|sf]ksf] ;dodf ;+/If0f kfpg',
à s'g} klg lx+;f, e]befj, x]nf, b'Jo{jxf/af6 ;'/lIft x'g kfpg',
à cfkmgf] ljrf/ / efjgf lgw{Ss;Fu JoQm ug{ kfpg',
à ljleGg ;+3;+:yf tyf ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' .

13. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf8
;];g % M afnd}qL ljBfno
p2]ZoM
à ;xefuLn] afnd}qL ljBfnosf] cjwf/0ff k|:t't ug{ ;Sg]5g .
à ;xefuLx?n] afnd}qL ljBfnosf] cfjZostfsf] klxrfg u/L afnd}qL ljBfno x'gsf nflu cfjZos kg]{
cfwf/e"t s'/fx?sf] af/]df atfpg]5g .
ljlwM
à lrq 5nkmn
à k|:t'tLs/0f
à ;d"x 5nkmn
;do M %) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|LM
à afnd}qL ljBfnosf] lrq
à Go"hlk|G6, k]k/6]k, dfs{/
lqmofsnfkM
à ;xefuLnfO{ afnd}qL ljBfnosf] aflx/L cfj/0f ePsf] lrq b]vfpg] / ;f] lrqdf ePsf /fd|f s'/fx? s] s]
5g egL k|Zg u/L l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] .
à ;xefuLn] lbPsf pQ/x? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à xfd|f] ljBfnodf ePsf /fd|f kIfx? s] s] 5g < / xfd|f] ljBfnonfO{ cem /fd|f] agfpg s] s] s'/fx? x'g'
kb{5 < egL k|Zg ug]{ / ;f] klg l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLn] l6kf]6 u/L;s] kl5 ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? ;xhstf{n] l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;xefuLn] l6kf]6 u/fPsf ljBfnosf /fd|f kIfx?sf] pbfx/0fnfO{ hf]8b} ;xhstf{n] afnd}qL ljBfnosf]
cjwf/0ff k|:t't ug]{ .
à ;xefuLnfO{ ;xefuLnfO{ ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ / xfd|f] ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL ljBfno agfpg s] s] s'/fx?sf]
cfjZostf kb{5 < eGg] k|Zgdf 5nkmn u/L l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] .
à ;a} ;d"xn] ;d"x sfo{ ;ls;s]kl5 ;f]xL a'Fbfx?nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ lzIfs jf ljBfno k|zf;gn] ug'{ kg]{
/ ljBfyL{n] ug'{kg]{ e"ldsf 5'6ofpg nufO{ k|:t't ug{ nufpg] .
à ;xefuLsf] k|:t'tL kl5 ;xhstf{n] afnd}qL ljBfnosf] cfjZostf / To;sf] c;/sf] af/]df cfkmgf]
k|:t'tLs/0f ug]{ .
kf7o;fdu|LM
afnd}qL ljBfno s] xf] <
afnaflnsf cg's'nsf] l;sfO jftfj/0f ePsf], pgLx? leqsf] cGt/lglxt Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug]{ u/]sf] /
:jod afnaflnsfn] cfkmgf] l;Sg ;Sg] Ifdtf / rfxgf cg';f/ /dfOnf];Fu l;Sg ;Sg] jftfj/0f ePsf]

14. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 9
ljBfno g} afnd}qL ljBfno xf] .
afnd}qL ljBfnodf afnclwsf/sf] ;Ddfg x'G5 . afnaflnsfsf] s'/f ;'lgG5 / ;f] cg';f/sf] lqmofsnfk
;~rfng ul/G5 . o:tf ljBfnodf afnaflnsfx?n] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s Pjd ;+j]ufTds ?kn] ;'/lIft tyf
:j:y ePsf] cg'ej ug{ ;S5g . o:tf] ljBfnodf afnaflnsfx?sf] ?lr, Ifdtf / :t/sf] sb/ ul/G5 /
;f]xLcg';f/ pgLx?sf] l;sfOsf nflu cfjZos jftfj/0f Pjd kf7oqmdsf] Joj:yf ul/G5 .
afnalfnsfx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] hft, lnË, wd{, efiff, cfly{s:t/, zf/Ll/s Pjd dfgl;s b'j{ntfsf cfwf/df
ljgf e]befj egf{ ug'{ / ljBfno leq jf aflx/ /x]sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ e]befj /lxt Jojxf/ ug'{ afnd}qL
ljBfnosf] u'0f xf] . afnd}qL ljBfnodf k9fOn]vfOsf] cltl/Qm afnaflnsfx?sf] :jf:Yo Pjd ;'/Iffdf ljz]if
Wofg lbOG5 . ljBfnosf] gLlt lgdf{0f, of]hgf th{‘df, sfof{Gjog / d'Nof+sgdf afnaflnsf, cleefjs /
;d'bfonfO{ k|ToIf ;xefuL u/fOG5 . o:tf ljBfnodf s'g} klg k|sf/sf ef}lts, zf/Ll/s Pjd dfgl;s b08
;hfo alh{t x'G5 / afnaflnsfx?nfO{ b'Jo{jxf/ / gf]S;fgLaf6 arfpg] sfd lg/Gt/ ?kdf eO/x]sf] x'G5 .
afnd}qL ljBfno lsg<
xfd|f] b]zsf clwsf+z ljBfnox? cem} klg k/Dk/fut z}nLaf6 ;~rflnt 5g . k7gkf7gsf] ;du| kl/j]z
ce}m klg 3f]sfpg] tk{m al9 s]lGb|t 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] s]Gb|Lo :t/af6 pknAw u/fPsf kf7o;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u
afx]s cGo ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] 5}g . h;n] ubf{ afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO cg'ej / Ifdtfsf
cfwf/df x'b}g / afnaflnsfsf] l;sfO k|lqmof sdhf]/ x'g] al9 vt/f 5 . ljBfno afnaflnsfsf] d}qLk"0f{
ePdf pgLx?n] cfkmgf] ult, Ifdtf, cg'ejsf cfwf/df l;sfO k|lqmofnfO{ /dfOnf] jftfj/0fdf n}hfg ;S5g
h'g lbuf] / k|efjsf/L /xg ;S5 .
afnd}qL ljBfnosf Go"gtd cfwf/x?
à ;a} lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmof afnd}qLk"0f{ / l;sfO{sf glthfx? u'0f:t/Lo x'g'kb{5 .
à k|efjsf/L l;sfO{sf nflu lzIfs / ljBfyL{df kof{Kt pTk|]/0ff x'g'kb{5 .
à z}lIfs ;fdu|Lsf] kof{Kttf x'g' kb{5 .
à lzIfsx?n] leGg leGg ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L cWofkg u/fPsf] .
à afnaflnsfx?sf] ult cg';f/sf] l;sfO jftfj/0f / afnaflnsfx?sf] JolQmut sl7gfOnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{
lzIf0f l;sfO ePsf] .
à ;a} k|sf/sf ckfËtf ePsf aflnsfsfn] ;dfg x}l;otdf cWoog ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf] .
à ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs, cfly{s cflb ;a} lsl;dn] lk5l8Psf ju{x?sf] ljBfno of]hgf lgdf{0f b]lv cGo
ultljlwdf ;xeflutf ePsf] .
à ;a} afnaflnsfsf] nflu e]befj /lxt l;sfO{sf] jftfj/0f Ifdtfsf cfwf/df lzIf0fl;sfO{ jftfj/0f
ePsf] .
à ljljwtfk"0f{ ljz]iftf ePsf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ePsf] .
à jt{dfg lgod sfg'gn] Joj:yf u/] cg';f/sf 5fq÷5fqfj[lQ k|fKt ug]{ jftfj/0f ePsf] .
à ljBfnodf afnSnasf] u7g ePsf] / ;dfg ?kdf afnaflnsfx?n] afnSnadf ;xefuL eO{ /rgfTds
Pjd ;[hgfTds ;xeflutf hgfpg] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf] cj:yf .

15. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf10
à sDtLdf jif{sf] Psk6s :jf:YosdL{x?af6 ljBfyL{x?sf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] .
à ljBfnodf k|fylds pkrf/ ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] .
à w'dkfg, dBkfg, nfu"kbfy{ lgif]wsf] nflu cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf{0f eO{ nfu" ePsf] .
à ljBfno j/Lkl/ ljBfyL{sf] :jf:Yodf xfgL k'/ofpg] vfg]s'/f ljlqm ljt/0fdf /f]s nufPsf] / ljBfyL{n]
kf]lifnf] vfg]s'/f NofP gNofPsf] s'/f hfFr ug]{ u/]sf] .
à kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] lglZrt 7fpFdf jf kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] efF8f]sf] Joj:yf ePsf] .
à ljBfnodf ef}lts, zf/Ll/s b08 ;hfo lgif]w ul/Psf] . -ljBfnodf zf/Ll/s b08 ;hfo lbg gkfOg] /
afnaflnsfsf] k[i7e"ld / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df s;}nfO{ dfgl;s si6, b'Jo{jxf/ 3[0ff ug{ gkfOg] gLlt lgod agfO
nfu" u/]sf] / ;f]sf] cg'udg tyf d'NofÍg u/]sf] . ljBfno leq / ;d'bfodf ;d]t afnaflnsfdfly x'g] zf/Ll/s
;hfo, x]kfO, of}g b'Jo{jxf/sf] cGTosf nflu ljBfnodf :ki6 of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/]sf] ._
à ljBfnodf kf7oqmd, kf7ok':ts, ;Gbe{;fdu|L /flvPsf] k':tsfno ePsf] . ljifout lx;fan] ;fGble{s
k':tsx?sf] clen]lvs/0f / ljt/0f k|0ffnL ;lxtsf] k':tsfno ePsf] .
à au}Frf lgdf{0f u/L To;sf] ;b'kof]u ul/Psf] .
à lzIfsx? lgoldt ljBfno / sIffsf]7fdf cfpg] u/]sf] .
à lzIfsx?n] k"/f ;do cWofkg u/fpg] u/]sf] .
;];g ^ M afnd}qL ljBfnosf] k|efjsf/Ltf
p2]ZoM
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL agfpg lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ e"ldsfsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg]5g .
ljlwM
à k|Zgf]Q/
à JofVof
à k|:t'tLs/0f
;do M () ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|LM
à k|efjsf/Ltf ;DaGwL a'Fbf n]lvPsf] k]k/ / afnaflnsfsf] lhDd]jf/L n]lvPsf] 5'66f 5'66} k]k/
à Go"hlk|G6, k]k/6]k, dfs{/
à lqmofsnfk
à ;xefuLx?nfO{ afnd}qL ljBfnodf s] s] x'g' k5{ < eGg] k|Zg cl3Nnf] ;qsf] ;Demgf :j?k ;f]Wg] .
à afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f?k cGtu{t k|efjsf/Ltfsf] nflu Joj:yf ul/Psf s'/fx?sf] af/]df ;xefuLnfO{
:ki6 kfg]{ .
à k]k/df n]lvPsf] k|efjsf/Ltfsf] a'Fbfx? kfn};Fu k9]/ ;'gfpg] / To;sf] pknAwL xfl;n ug{ ljBfyL{x?n] s]
ug'{k5{ < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ .

16. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 11
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;a} a'Fbfx?df 5nkmn ;lsPkl5 cGTodf ;xhstf{n] afnd}qL ljBfno lgdf{0fsf] nflu ljBfyL{n] lgjf{x
ug{ ;Sg] e"ldsfsf] af/]df :ki6 kfg]{ .
kf7o;fdu|LM
ælzIffsf] ;Gbe{df k|efjsfl/tfnfO{ ;du| z}lIfs k|lqmofn] afnaflnsfsf] l;sfOdf s] s:tf] k|efj kf/of] eGg]
s'/f a'emg'kg]{Æ egL u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf nflu afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f?kn] :ki6 ?kdf tf]lslbPsf] 5 .
ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL agfpg] ;jfndf s]xL cGt/f{li6«o cEof; tyf dfGotfx? klg 5g . h:t} M
à lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmof hlxNo} klg afnaflnsfsf] nflu ;'xfpFbf] / d}qLk"0f{ x'g'kb{5 eg] To;sf] glthfx?
u'0f:t/Lo / Jojxfl/s x'g'kb{5 .
à ljBfno;Fu k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] lzIfs, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, cleefjs lzIfs ;+3,
afn;+/If0f ;ldlt, ljBfno k|zf;g, cleefjsx?df ljBfnok|ltsf] pQ/bfloTj el/Psf] g}ltstf x'g'kb{5
eg] ljBfnodf cWofkg u/fpg] lzIfsx?;Fu pRr:t/Lo Ifdtf, bIftf / g}ltstf x'g'kb{5 .
à ljBfno l;Sg] l;sfpg] :yfg ePsf] x'gfn] l;Sg] / l;sfpg] b'j} kIfdf kof{Kt pTk|]/0ff x'g'kb{5 .
à ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;fdu|L / v]n ;fdu|Lsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf x'g' kb{5 .
à ;dod} kf7oqmd tyf kf7o;fdu|Lsf] kof{Kt dfqfdf pknAwtf x'g'kb{5 .
efOalxgLx?, ;/;tL{ x]bf{ dfly pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf cj:yfdf clwstd dfqfdf jois jf lzIfsx?sf]
e"ldsf b]lvG5 . t/, ljBfnodf afnd}qLk"0f{ jftfj/0fsf] ;'lglZrttf / To;sf] k|efjsfl/tfnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg]
afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf cToGt dxTjk"0f{ 5 . afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o k|f?kdf pNn]v ePsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf]
Go"gtd dfkb08 k"/f ug{ xfdL afnaflnsfn] lgDg cg';f/sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
lzIf0f l;sfO k|lqmof hlxNo} klg afnaflnsfsf] nflu ;'xfpFbf] / d}qLk"0f{ x'g'kb{5 eg] To;sf] glthfx?
u'0f:t/Lo / Jojxfl/s x'g'kb{5 .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
ljBfno afnd}qL x'g'kb{5 . o;sf] cy{ ljBfnodf lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts ;fdu|L nufot ljBfnodf x'g] k|To]s
ultljlw afnaflnsfsf] nflu ;'xfpFbf] x'g'sf ;fy} afnaflnsfsf] ?lr / cfjZostf cg'?k x'g'kb{5 . t/,
oL ;a} s'/fx? joisn] dfq lbP/ x'Fb}g . xfdL afnaflnsfsf] klg plQs} bfloTj 5 . o;sf nflu xfdL
afnaflnsfx?n] lgDg adf]lhdsf lhDd]jf/Lx? k"/f ug'{kb{5 M
à ljBfno lzIffdf x'g] l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf ;a} afnaflnsfx? ;dfg ?kdf ;xefuL x'g'kb{5 .
à cfk"mn] hfg]sf s'/fx? ;fyLx?nfO{ l;sfpg] ug'{ kb{5 .
à xfdLn] kf7ok':ts afx]ssf cGo z}lIfs ;fdu|Lx?sf] cWoog ug'{kb{5 .
à ljleGg cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL x'g' kb{5 . t/, o;/L cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkdf efu lnO/xFbf k9fOdf
gsf/fTds c;/ gk/f]; eGg] s'/fnfO{ ljz]if Wofg lbg'kb{5 .

17. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf12
à ljBfnodf l;s]sf s'/fx? 3/df bf]xf]/ofP/ cWoog ug'{kb{5 . ;fy} l;s]sf s'/fx? Jojxf/df nfu" ug]{
k|of; ub}{ hfg' kb{5 .
à lzIfsn] lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf k|of]u u/]sf ;fdu|Lx?sf] x]/ljrf/ / ;'/Iff ug{ ;xof]u ug'{sf ;fy} lzIf0f
;fdu|Lx? lgdf{0f tyf ;+sng ug]{ sfddf lzIfsnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
à ;a}sf 5'66f5'66} Ifdtf / bIftf x'G5g eGg] s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL z}lIfs ultljlwdf sdhf]/ ePsf
;fyLx?nfO{ x]nf, b'Jo{jxf/ jf cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf e]befj gu/L l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
à zf/Ll/s ?kdf jf dfgl;s ?kdf ckfËtf ePsf ;fyLx? ePdf pgLx?nfO{ ljz]if ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
à ljljw sf/0fn] kl/jf/af6 6f9f /xL >ddf ;+nUg ePsf ljBfyL{ ;fyLx?nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ u/L z}lIfs
ultljlwdf ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
à c;n, Jojxfl/s / u'0f:t/Lo lzIff kfpg' xfd|f] clwsf/ xf] . t/, /fd|f];Fu dg lbP/ k9g', sfkL lstfasf]
htg ug'{ / Wofg lbP/ k9g' xfd|f] st{Jo xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 .
à gofF s'/f l;Sg, hfGg, x]g{ kfpg' xfd|f] clwsf/ eP h:t} cfk"mn] ghfg]sf s'/fx? l;Sg' / hfg]sf /fd|fs'/f
c?nfO{ l;sfpg] ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfno;Fu k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] lzIfs, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, cleefjs lzIfs ;+3,
afn;+/If0f ;ldlt, ljBfno k|zf;g, cleefjsx?df ljBfnok|ltsf] pQ/bfloTj el/Psf] g}ltstf x'g'kb{5 eg]
ljBfnodf cWofkg u/fpg] lzIfsx?;Fu pRr:t/Lo Ifdtf, bIftf / g}ltstf x'g'kb{5 .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
ljBfnosf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] g} ljBfnosf] ?k abNg ;S5g eg] ljBfnosf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?df xfdL
afnaflnsf klg k5f}{ . To;}n] ljBfnosf] Joj:yfksLo If]qdf klg xfdLn] cfkmgf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kb{5 .
à ljBfnodf aGg] jf lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf ;+/rgfx?df cfkmgf cleefjsx?nfO{ ;xefuL x'g k|f]T;flxt ug]{ .
à ljBfnodf x'g] e]nf, uf]i7L, 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of h:tf sfo{qmdx?df ;xefuL x'g] / cfkmgf ljrf/ /fVg] .
à ljBfno xfd|f] kl/jf/ xf] / kl/jf/df /fd|f] sfd, /fd|f Jojxf/ x'g'kb{5 . xfdLnfO{ s'g} a]nf s;}sf] Jojxf/
jf sfd g/fd|f] nfu]df :ki6;Fu lzIfs jf cleefjsx?nfO{ g8/fO{ eGg] ug'{kb{5 .
à xfdLn] s;}nfO{ klg hflt, lnË, ju{ jf cGo s'g} klg cfwf/df s;}nfO{ klg e]befj jf b'Jo{jxf/ ug'{
x'Fb}g .
à olb xfdL b'Jo{jxf/ jf of}g b'Jo{jxf/af6 ;'/lIft ePsf] dx;'; ug{ rfxfG5f}F eg] xfdLn] klg c? s;}nfO{
x]nf, b'Jo{jxf/ jf of}g b'Jo{jxf/ ug'{x'b}g . ;fy} To:tf Jojxf/sf] lj/f]w ;d]t ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfno l;Sg] l;sfpg] :yfg ePsf] x'gfn] l;Sg] / l;sfpg] b'j} kIfdf kof{Kt pTk|]/0ff x'g'kb{5 .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
l;Sg] l;sfpg] qmd eg]sf] lg/Gt/ k|lqmof xf] . jf:tjdf xfdLnfO{ ljBfnodf lzIfsx?n] l;sfpg] ug'{ x'G5 .
oxfF a'emg' kg]{ s'/f s] klg 5 eg], xfdL lzIfsx?af6 hlt l;ls/x]sf x'G5f}F Tof] eGbf al9 lzIfsx?n] xfdLaf6

18. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 13
l;ls/x]sf x'G5g . To;}n] xfdL lzIfsx?nfO{ l;sfpgsf nflu cem al9 pTk|]l/t ug{ ;S5f}F . o;sf nflu
lgDg lqmofsnfkx? ug{ ;lsG5 M
à ljBfyL{nfO{ k|Zg ug]{ 5'6 x'G5 . lzIfsx? ljBfyL{n] ga'e]msf s'/fx? ;f]w] eg] v'zL x'G5g . To;}n] xfdLn]
cfk"mn] ga'e]msf / ghfg]sf s'/fx? lzIfsnfO{ ;f]Wg] ug'{kb{5 .
à k9fO{df ;xof]u x'g] ljleGg /rgfTds lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . h:t}M leQ] klqsf k|sfzg,
jfbljjfb, jSt[Tjsnf, 5nkmn cflb . o:tf ultljlwn] lzIfsx?nfO{ l;sfpg] s'/fdf k|]/0ff ldNb5 eg]
xfdLnfO{ l;Sg] s'/fdf pT;'stf yKb5 .
à l;Sg] l;sfpg] qmd rln/xFbf cgfjZos xf]xNnf ug]{, em}emu8f ug]{, k|Zgsf nflu k|Zg ug]{, Wofg glbg]
h:tf lqmofsnfk ug'{ x'Fb}g . o:tf lqmofsnfkn] lzIfsnfO{ l;sfpg dg x'b}g . ;fy} ;do klg v]/ hfG5 .
à lzIfsx?n] lgdf{0f ug]{ z}lIfs ;fdu|L lgdf{0f sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{, ljBfnodf ePsf z}lIfs ;fdu|Lx?sf]
;'/Iff ug]{ ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfnodf z}lIfs ;fdu|L / v]n ;fdu|Lsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf x'g' kb{5 .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
xfdL afnaflnsfsf] zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s ljsf;sf] nflu geO{ gx'g] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f v]n tyf dgf]/~hg xf] .
t/, v]n tyf dgf]/~hg cfjZostf eGbf al9 ePdf 3fts klg x'g ;S5 . To;}n] lgDg s'/fx?df ljz]if Wofg
lbg'kb{5 M
à k9fO{sf] ;dodf v]n v]Ng' x'b}g .
à v]n lglZrt / plrt ;dodf dfq v]Ng' kb{5 .
à zf/Ll/s ?kdf, dfgl;s ?kdf, ;fdflhs ?kdf, cfly{s ?kdf xflg k'/ofpg] vfnsf v]nx? v]Ng' x'b}g .
à v]n v]Ng' /fd|f] xf] . t/, v]Ng kfPF eGb}df nfdf] ;do v]Ng], hf]lvdk"0f{ v]nx? v]Ng] sfd /fd|f] xf]Og .
à v]n v]Ng kfpg' xfd|f] clwsf/ xf] . t/ Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/f s] klg 5 eg] xfdLn] ;f] clwsf/sf] pkof]u
ul//xFbf c?sf] clwsf/sf] xgg ug'{ x'b}g .
à v]n v]Nbf e}memu8f ug'{x'b}g / ;a}nfO{ cj;/ k|bfg ug'{kb{5 .
à v]n v]ln;s]kl5 v]ns'bsf ;fdu|Lx?sf] htg ;fy Joj:yfkg ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
;dod} kf7oqmd tyf kf7o;fdu|Lsf] kof{Kt dfqfdf pknAw x'g'kg]{ .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
kf7ok':ts xfd|f] k|d'v ldq xf] . o;sf] clwstd k|of]u / ;'/Iff xfd|f] lhDd]jf/L xf] .

19. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf14
;];g & M ;dfj]zLs/0f
p2]Zo M
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnodf ljBfyL{x?4f/f x'g] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] Jojxfl/s k|lqmof atfpg ;Sg]5g .
à ljBfnodf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] cEof;nfO{ :yflkt ug{ ckgfpg ;lsg] pkfosf] af/]df atfpb} cfkmgf]
lhDd]jf/Lsf] af/]df hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{5g .
ljlw M
à k|Zgf]Q/
à ;d'x 5nkmn
à k|:t'tLs/0f
;do M %) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M
Go"hlk|G6, dfs{/, k]k/ 6]k
lqmofsnfk M
à ;xefuLnfO{ ætkfO{Fsf] ljBfnodf ljleGg ultljlwx?-k|ltof]lutf, lg0f{o k|lqmof, cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk, ;ef
uf]i7Ldf efu lng, jf cGo ultljlwx?_df sf] s;/L ;xefuL x'g] u5{g < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ .
à z}lIfs lqmofsnfkdf s;/L ;xefuL x'g] ul/G5 < -z}lIfs ;fdu|L lgdf{0f, ljleGg z}lIfs k|ltof]lutfx? cflb_
à To:tf] ;xefuL x'g] k|lqmof s] s:tf] 5 < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ .
à xfdL cfk"m z}lIfs lqmofsnfk jf cGo lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL x'g / cGo ;fyLx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg s]
ug]{ u5f}{F < eGg] k|Zgdf 5nkmn u/fpg] .
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? l6kf]6 ub}{ hfg] .
à ;xefuLnfO{ k'gM ;dfj]zL eg]sf] s] xf] < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ <
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx?nfO{ ;d]6b} g]kfn ;/sf/sf] afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o lgtLdf kl/eflift ul/Psf]
;dfj]zLs/0fsf] kl/efiffnfO{ :ki6 kfg]{ .
à ;xefuLnfO{ rf/ ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ / xfd|f] ljBfnodf ckfËutf ePsf, ;fdflhs ?kdf kl5 kfl/Psf,
z}lIfs ?kdf sdhf]/ ePsf / ljljw sf/0fn] ljBfnodf egf{ x'g g;s]sf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ljBfnodf
jf ljBfnodf x'g] cGo ultljlwdf ;dfg ;xeflutf hgfpg] p2]Zon] ;dfj]zL u/fpg xfdLn] s] ug'{k5{ <
eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn u/L l6kf]6 ug{ nufpg] .
à ;a} ;d"xn] 5nkmn ul/ l6kf]6 u/] kZrft k|Zt't ug{ nufpg] .

20. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 15
à cGTodf ;xhstf{n] /fli6«o lgtLdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] Joj:yf / afnaflnsfn] lgjf{x ug{
;Sg] e"ldsfsf] af/]df :ki6 kfg]{ .
kf7o ;fdu|L M
;dfj]zLs/0fsf] d'4f ljleGg ;dfrf/, ;ef, ;Dd]ng, 5nkmn h:tf sfo{qmdx?df ;'lg/x]sf x'G5f}F . cr]n
x/]s If]qdf, ljifodf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ljifodf 5nkmn x'g] u/]sf] 5 . slxn] sflxF ;dfj]zLs/0fnfO{ km/s
z}nLdf k|:t't ug]{ u/]sf] klg kfOG5 . hflto, n}lËs, lk5l8Psf, ljs6 If]qsf dfG5]nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg'nfO{
;dfj]zLs/0f ePsf] cj:yfsf] ?kdf kl/eflift ul/Psf] klg kfOG5 . t/, oxfF ;dfj]zLs/0fnfO{ cy{k"0f{
;xeflutfsf] ?kdf JofVof ul/Psf] 5 .
;dfj]zLs/0fn] ljleGg cj;/af6 al~rt ePsf afnaflnsfsf] cj:yfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{5 / afnaflnsfdf
ePsf] ljljw leGgtfnfO{ :jLsf/ ub{5 . jf:tjdf cj;/af6 al~rt ePsf afnaflnsfsfx?sf] ;d"xnfO{
;Daf]wg ug]{ k|lqmof jf /0fgLlt g} ;dfj]zLs/0f xf] . ;dfj]zL lzIffn] c?nfO{ a'emg], cfb/ ug]{, z}lIfs
cfjZostfdf k|ltlqmof lbg], ;a} afnaflnsfsf] cg'ej, rfxgf / d"NodfGotfnfO{ ;dfj]z ug]{ eGg] a'emg'
kb{5 . ;dfj]zLs/0fn] ;a} afnaflnsfsf] nflu lje]b/lxt jftfj/0fdf lzIff lng kfpg'kg]{ clwsf/ ;'lglZrt
ub{5 .
;dfj]zLs/0fn] ljBfnodf ;d'bfosf] :jfldTjnfO{ dxTj lbb}F afnaflnsfsf cfjZostf cg'?k pko'Qm
jftfj/0f / ;xof]u kfPdf ;a}n] l;Sg ;S5g eGg] dfGotf ;d]t /fVb5 . o; cGtu{t lgDg s'/fx?sf]
;'lglZrttf x'g' kb{5 M
à ckfËtf ePsf, hflt jf wd{sf] cfwf/df kl5 k/]sf, >dsf] sf/0fn] ljBfno lzIffaf6 al~rt ePsf /
cfly{s jf cGo sf/0fn] sdhf]/ ePsf afnaflnsfsf] ljBfno egf{sf] ;'lglZrttf .
à ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs, cfly{s cflb ;a} lsl;dn] lk5l8Psf ju{x?sf] ljBfno of]hgf lgdf{0f b]lv cGo
ultljlwdf ;xeflutf .
à ;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ e]befj /lxt l;sfO{sf] jftfj/0f, Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df lzIf0f l;sfO jftfj/0f,
afnaflnsfsf] ult cg';f/sf] l;sfO jftfj/0f / afnaflnsfsf] JolQmut sl7gfO kQf nufO{ JolQmut
leGgtfsf cfwf/df pkrf/fTds pkfo ;lxtsf] lzIf0f l;sfO{sf] ;'lglZrttf ePsf] .
à ljljwtfk"0f{ ljz]iftf ePsf afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ePsf] .
;dfj]zLs/0fsf nflu Psn k|of; lg/y{s x'g hfG5 . ljBfnodf z}lIfs u'0f:t/sf] a[l4, afnaflnsfsf]
;fdflhsLs/0fsf] cEof; tyf pgLx?sf] Ifdtfsf] klxrfg / ;f] cg';f/sf] cj;/sf nflu ;femf cEof; x'g'
h?/L 5 . o;sf nflu afnaflnsf :jodsf] cu|;/tf / ;xeflutf lagf kl/0ffd k|foM ;"Go x'g ;S5 . t;y{
afnaflnsfn] ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|of;df xft]dfnf] ug'{ h?/L 5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ckfËtf ePsf, hflt jf wd{sf] cfwf/df kl5 k/]sf, >dsf] sf/0fn] ljBfno lzIffaf6 al~rt ePsf / cfly{s
jf cGo sf/0fn] sdhf]/ ePsf afnaflnsfsf] lzIffsf] ;'lglZrttf .

21. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf16
afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] M
s'g}klg hflt, wd{, ju{, lnËsf afnaflnsfx?sf] ljBfno egf{ eO{ u'0f:t/Lo lzIff kfpg] clwsf/ 5 .
ljBfnodf lzIfs jf ljBfno k|zf;g eGbf al9 ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x? Pscsf{aLr al9 glhs x'G5g .
To;}n] ljBfnodf ljBfnon] u/]sf] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] cEof;nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] ;jfndf afnaflnsfsf]
k|d'v e"ldsf x'g;S5 .
à cfkmgf] 3/ j/Lk/L ljBfno guPsf ;fyLx? / ltgsf cleefjsx?nfO{ ljBfno egf{ v'Nnf ePsf] ;"rgf
lbg'kb{5 .
à ljBfno / lzIffsf] cfjZstfsf] af/]df atfP/ ljBfno guPsf ;fyLx?nfO{ ljBfno egf{ x'g k|f]T;flxt
ug'{ kb{5 .
à zf/Ll/s jf cGo ckfËtf ePsf sf/0f ljBfno lzIffaf6 6f9f /x]sf jf ljBfno egf{ ePtf klg l;sfO
cEof;df sl7gfO ePsf ;fyLx?nfO{ l;sfO k|lqmofdf ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
à ljljw sf/0fn] k9fO{ sdhf]/ ePsf jf ljifout l;sfOdf sl7gfO{ ePsf ;fyLx?nfO{ l;Sgsf nflu
;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs, cfly{s cflb ;a} lsl;dn] lk5l8Psf ju{x?sf] ljBfno of]hgf lgdf{0f b]lv cGo
ultljlwdf ;xeflutf .
afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] M
ljBfno cf}krfl/s lzIff lng] 7fpF dfq xf]Og . oxfF ljleGg hLjgpkof]uL ;Lkx? klg l;Sg ;lsG5 . hLjgdf
cfOkg]{ ljleGg ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug]{ pkfox?, b}lgs hLjgdf ug'{kg]{ sfd, ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL
x'Fbf ug'{kg]{ sfd cflb ljBfnodf l;Sg ;lsG5 .
à ljBfnodf x'g] ;a} lg0f{o, of]hgf / sfof{Gjog ljBfyL{sf nflu x'g] u5{ . t;y{ To:tf lg0f{o x'g] / of]hgf
aGg] k|lqmofdf / ;f] sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ k|lqmofdf cfkmgf] ;xeflutf hgfpg' kb{5 .
à ljBfnodf x'g] of]hgf lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf cfkmgf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu lzIfsx?;Fu 5nkmn
ug'{kb{5 .
à ljBfnodf ag]sf jf aGg] ;+/rgfx?df cfkmgf] ;xeflutf hgfpg' kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
;a} afnaflnsfnfO{ e]befj /lxt l;sfO{sf] jftfj/0f, Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df lzIf0f l;sfO jftfj/0f, afnaflnsfsf]
ult cg';f/sf] l;sfO jftfj/0f / afnaflnsfsf] JolQmut sl7gfO kQf nufO{ JolQmut leGgtfsf cfwf/df
pkrf/fTds pkfo ;lxtsf] lzIf0f l;sfO{sf] ;'lglZrttf ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] M
e]befj /lxt jftfj/0fdf l;sfO cEof;df ;xefuL x'g kfpg' xfd|f] clwsf/ xf] . xfdLn] cfkmgf] l;sfO z}nLsf
cfwf/df l;Sg kfpg' kb{5 . k|To]s JolQmsf] km/s km/s l;Sg] z}nL x'G5 . tL ;a} z}nLx? ;a}nfO{ yfxf gx'g
klg ;S5 . To;}n] ;f]sf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg' xfd|f] st{Jo xf] . o;sf cltl/Qm xfdL ;a} hgf Pp6} ultdf l;Sg

22. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 17
;S5f}F eGg] klg 5}g . xfdL ljBfYfL{ dWo] sf]xL rfF8} l;Sg ;S5f}F eg] sf]xL l9nf] l;S5f}F xf] . sf]xL Pp6f z}nL
l;Sg ;S5 eg] sf]xL km/s z}nL ckgfpg ;S5 . xfdL ;a}n] tL ;a}sf] ;Ddfg ug'{kb{5 / ;do lbg' kb{5 .
à l56f] l;Sg ;Sg] ;fyLn] l9nf] l;Sg] ;fyLnfO{ l;sfO k|lqmofdf ;xof]u ug{‘ kb{5 / ;do k|bfg ug'{kb{5 .
à km/s z}nLn] l;Sg] ;fyLnfO{ ;Ddfg ug'{ kb{5 / l56f] l;Sg ;lsg] z}nL jf tl/sf l;sfpg' kb{5 .
à km/s z}nLn] l;Sg] ;fyLx?n] k|Zgx? w]/} ug{ ;S5g . tL k|Zg / k|Zg ug]{ ;fyLsf] ;Ddfg ug'{ kb{5 .
lzIfsnfO{ hlt w]/} k|Zg u/of] cGo ;fyLnfO{ klg To;n] kmfObf k'/ofpF5 .
à l;Sgsfnflu ufx|f] x'g'sf] sf/0f lzIfs jf ;fyLx?nfO{ atfpg' kb{5 -h:t} M cfwf/lznf (Base) gx'g'_,
h;n] ubf{ pgLx?nfO{ cfk"mnfO{ l;sfpg] z}nL jf k|lqmof kQf nufpg ;lhnf] agf]; .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljljwtfk"0f{ ljz]iftf ePsf afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] M
;d'bfodf km/s km/s Ifdtf ePsf JolQmx? x'G5g . ljBfno xfd|f] ;d'bfo xf] . To;}n] ljBfnodf klg km/s
km/s Ifdtf ePsf ;fyLx? cWoog u5{g . -h:t} M cfFvfdf ;d:of eO{ cfFvf gb]Vg] ;fyLx?sf] ;'Gg] /
;Demg ;Sg] Ifdtf al9 x'G5 . t/ pgLx? cIf/ b]Vg ;Sb}gg . xfdLn] cWoog ug]{ kf7ok':tssf nflu cfFvf
b]Vg} kg]{ afWofTds kl/l:ytL klg 5 ._ To:tf ;fyLx?sf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu xfdL zf/Ll/s ?kdf
b'a{n gePsf ;fyLx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g ;S5 .
à cfFvfdf ;d:of eO{ b]Vg g;Sg] ;fyLx?sf] z}lIfs ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/ofpg xfdLn] ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 .
o;sf nflu kf7ok':tsdf ePsf s'/fx? pgLx?n] ;'Gg] u/L k9]/ / a'emgsfnflu ;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
à v'66fdf ;d:of ePsf ;fyLx?;Fu pgLx?n] v]Ng ;Sg] vfnsf v]nx? -h:t}M n'8f], r];, af3rfn,
sf]7]kb, zAbhfn cflb_ v]Ng ;lsG5 .
à ljleGg sf/0fn] >ddf ;+nUg ePsf ;fyLx?sf] k9fO sdhf]/ x'g ;S5 . t/ pgLx?;Fu hLjgpkof]uL

23. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf18
;Lkx? k|z:t x'g;S5g . xfdLn] oL ;Lkx?sf] cfbfgk|bfg ug{ ;S5f}F .
;];g * M ljBfnodf ;xeflutf
p2]Zo M
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnodf kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / :jod ljBfyL{sf] cy{k"0f{ ;deflutfsf] cfjZostf klxrfg ug{
;Sg]5g .
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnodf kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / ljBfyL{sf] ;xeflutf a9fpg] tl/sfsf] af/]df 5nkmn u/L
lgisif{ lgsfNg ;Sg]5g .
ljlw M
à dlitis dGyg
à 5nkmn
à k|:t'tLs/0f
à n3'k|jrg
;do M ^) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M
à Go"hlk|G6
à dfs{/
à k]k/ 6]k
lqmofsnfk M
à ;xefuLnfO{ ;xeflutf eg]sf] s] xf] < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ .
à To;kl5 k'gM ljBfnodf ;xeflutf eg]sf] s] xf] < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ <
à ljBfnodf s;sf] s;sf] ;xeflutf x'g ;S5 < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ <
à dflysf ;a} k|Zgsf pQ/x? ;xhstf{n] Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ljBfnodf kl/jf/sf], ;d"bfosf] ljBfyL{sf] ;xeflutf lsg cfjZos 5 < eGg] k|Zgdf ;fd'lxs 5nkmn
u/fpg] .
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;xefuLsf] k|:t'tL kl5 ;xhstf{n] ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL ljBfnosf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{ kl/jf/, ;d'bfo /
ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
à ;xhstf{n] kl/jf/ / ;d'bfo n]lvPsf] 5'66f 5'66} Go"hlk|G6 leQfdf 6fF:g] / ljBfnodf kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf]
e"ldsf a9fpg afnaflnsfn] s] ug{ ;S5g < eGg] k|Zg ug{] .
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à of] qmd ;lsP kl5 ;xhstf{n] ;xefuLn] eg]sf s'/fx?nfO{ hf]8b} kl/jf/ / ;d'bfonfO{ ljBfnfodf

24. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 19
;xeflutf u/fpg ;lsg] pkfosf] k|:t'tLs/0f ug]{ .
kf7o;fdu|LM
afnaflnsf, kl/jf/ / ;d'bfo lagf ljBfno aGg c;Dej 5 . ljBfnonfO{ ljBfnosf] ?k lbg] sfd klg
oL tLg kIfsf] /xG5 . ljBfno ;~rfngsf] d'Vo lhDd]jf/L ljBfno k|zf;g, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt,
cleefjs lzIfs ;+3, k|wfgfWofksdf x'G5 . t/klg ljBfnosf] gLlt lgdf{0f, of]hgf th'{df / sfo{qmd
;~rfngdf afnaflnsf, kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf] ;lqmo Pjd lg/Gt/ ;xeflutf rflxG5 .
ljBfnodf x'g] ljljw sfo{x?df afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf x'g'kb{5 . o;f] ePdf Pstk{m sfo{qmd ;dkmntfk"j{s
;DkGg x'G5 eg] csf]{tk{m afnaflnsfx?sf] cfTdljZjf; / sfd ug]{ Ifdtfdf a[l4 x'G5 .
afnaflnsfn] ljBfnodf kl/jf/sf] / cfkmgf] ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ ;jfndf klg xft]dfnf]
ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . ljBfnodf afnaflnsf, kl/jf/ / ;d'bfosf] ;'lglZrttfsf] nflu lgDg s'/fx?sf] ;'lglZrttf
x'g' kb{5 M
à ljBfnodf afnSna u7g ePsf] / ;f] Snan] ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{qmdx?sf] lgoldt cg'udg tyf ;ldIff
ePsf] .
à ljBfno ;'wf/ of]hgf lgdf{0fdf afnaflnsfx?4f/f k|]lift ;'emfjx?sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog ePsf] .
à afnaflnsf;Fu ;DalGwt cfGtl/s lgod agfpFbf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf ePsf] / lgodsf]
sfof{Gjogdf n]vfhf]vf ePsf] .
à ljBfno Joj:yfkg4f/f afnSnasf ;b:ox?nfO{ Ifdtf clej[l4 u/fPsf] .
à ;a}h;f] lg0f{ox?df afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutf ePsf] / pgLx?sf] ;'emfjnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] .
à ljBfnodf cleefjs e]nf x'g] u/]sf], cleefjs lzIfs ;+3 ePsf] / ;fdflhs n]vf kl/If0f ePsf] .
ljBfyL{ ljBfnosf k|d'v ;/f]sf/jfnfx? x'g . ljBfnodf joisn] ug{ g;Sg] sfdx? ljBfyL{n] u/]/
b]vfPsf k|z:t} pbfx/0fx? ;'Gg kfOG5 . afnaflnsfx? clwsf/ wf/s x'gfsf] ;fy} lhDd]jf/ JolQm klg x'g .
afnaflnsfn] cfkmgf] st{Jo lhDd]jf/Lsf ;fy lgjf{x gu/]sf] cj:yfdf ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL / lzIffnfO{
u'0f:t/Lo agfpg c;Dej k|fo 5 . ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL agfpg afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ 5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfnodf afnSna u7g ePsf] / ;f] Snan] ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{qmdx?sf] lgoldt cg'udg tyf ;ldIff
ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
afnSnasf] cjwf/0ff / cEof;n] afnaflnsfdf 5'66} klxrfg agfpg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ul/lbPsf] 5 .
afnSna ;xeflutfsf] cEof; ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ ynf] klg xf] . oxfF afnaflnsfn] ljleGg hLjgpkof]uL ;Lkx?
l;Sg ;S5g . ;xdtL cEof;, 5nkmnsf] cEof;, lg0f{o ug]{ ;Lk, g]t[Tj ug]{ ;Lk cflb s'/fx? l;Sgsfnflu

25. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf20
afnSna pko'Qm :yfg xf] . o;sf nflu afnaflnsfn] lgDg sfdx? ug'{ kb{5 M
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfno ;'wf/ of]hgf lgdf{0fdf afnaflnsfx?4f/f k|]lift ;'emfjx?sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
à afnSnadf ;xefuL x'g] / afnSnasf a}7sx?df ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfpg] .
à afnSnasf] dfWodaf6 ljleGg /rgfTds sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ / ;a} ;fyLx?nfO{ ;dfg ;xefuL
x'g] cj;/ h'6fpg] .
à afnSnan] cfof]hgf u/]sf sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg tyf d'NofÍgsf nflu ljBfno k|zf;g, ljBfno
Joj:yfkg ;ldltnfO{ sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg ug{ cfdlGqt ug]{ .
à kflIfs ?kdf jf dfl;s ?kdf afnSnasf] a}7s a:g] / cGo ljBfyL{ ;fyLx?sf] ;xdtLdf ljBfno /
z}lIfs :t/sf] ;'wf/sf nflu ;'emfjx? lbg] .
x'g} kg]{ M
afnaflnsf;Fu ;DalGwt cfGtl/s lgod agfpFbf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf ePsf] / lgodsf] sfof{Gjogdf
n]vfhf]vf ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
jf:tjdf c?n] agfOlbPsf] lgod kfngf ug{ w]/} ufx|f] x'G5 . To;}n] xf]nf cfkmgf nflu cfkm} ;+ljwfg n]Vg]
sfd klg ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . ;F:sf/ /fd|f] x'G5, c;n x'G5 . o;n] xfdLnfO{ ;'dfu{df 8f]/ofpF5, / lgodn]
;F:sf/ l;sfpF5 . o:tf] lgod h'g xfdL cfk}mn] lgdf0f{ u/]sf] xf];, h'g xfdL ;a}sf]nflu lxtsf/L xf];, h;n]
xfdL ;a}nfO{ ;dfgtf, ;dfj]zL, ;xdtL / ;xsfo{sf] cEof; l;sfcf]; . To;tf] lgod xfdLnfO{ rflxG5 .
To:tf] lgod Tolta]nf ;Dej x'G5, hlta]nf xfdL cfk}mF lgodsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'G5f}F .
à sIffut ?kdf jf afnSnasf] dfWodaf6 ;a}sf] 5nkmn / ;xdtLdf cfk'mn] kfngf ug]{ lgodsf] lgdf{0f
ug]{ .
à lgodsf] lgdf{0f ul/;s]kl5 pQm lgoddf yk36 ug'{kg]{ s'/fx?sf] ;'emfj lng lzIfsx?nfO{ b]vfpg] .
lzIfsn] lbPsf] ;'emfj 5nkmnsf nflu k'gM a}7sdf nfg] .
à lzIfsn] lbPsf] ;'emfj nfu" ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfsf] ePdf sf/0f ;lxt lzIfsnfO{ a'emfpg] .
à lgodsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ k"/f eO{ ;s]kl5 ;a} ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'gfpg] / ;xdtL lng] .
à lgdf{0f ePsf] lgodnfO{ ;a}n] b]Vg] / a'emg] u/L 7"nf] cIf/df Go"hlk|G6 jf cGo s'g} 7"nf] lrhdf n]Vg] /
;a}n] b]Vg] u/L 6fF:g] .

26. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 21
à ;a} ljBfyL{n] cfk}mn] agfPsf] lgodsf] kfngf ug]{ .
à afnSna, ljBfno k|zf;g, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltnfO{ cfk"mn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] lgodx?sf] sfof{Gjog /
k|efjsf/L eP gePsf] cjnf]sg / d'Nof+sg ug{ eGg] .
x'g} kg]{ M
;a}h;f] lg0f{ox?df afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutf ePsf] / pgLx?sf] ;'emfjnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
à ljBfnon] ug]{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g] . 5nkmnsf ljifoj:t'x? a'emg] k|of; ug]{ / cfkmgf] ljrf/
/fVg] .
à ljBfno k|zf;g, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, cleefjs lzIfs ;+3fnfO{ /rgfTds Pjd ;[hgfTds
k[i7kf]if0f lbg] .
à ljBfnonfO{ lbg] ;'emfjsf nflu afnSna jf ljBfyL{x?sf] tk{maf6 ul/g] ;'emfj ;+sngdf ;a} txsf
ljBfyL{sf] ;xeflutf eP gePsf] lgSof]{n ug'{ kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfnodf cleefjs e]nf x'g] u/]sf], cleefjs lzIfs ;+3 ePsf] / ;fdflhs n]vf kl/If0f ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M
ljBfnon] dfGg] u/]sf] 7"nf] ;d:of cleefjsx? ljBfnodf gcfpg' xf] . jf:tjdf cleefjs ljBfno;Dd
guPsf] cj:yfdf ljBfnon] cfkmgf] of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb}g . o:tf] x'Fbf lg0f{o k|lqmofdf cj/f]w x'g;S5 .
ljBfnosf] kf/blz{tfdf klg z+sf ug]{ k|z:t} :yfgx? /xg;S5 . ljBfnon] klg cfkmgf] cfo Aoo, k|fKt
pknAwLx?sf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg kfpFb}g . olb ljBfnodf lgoldt ?kdf cleefjs e]nf x'g] u/]sf] 5 /
To:tf e]nfx?df cleefjsx?sf] pkl:ytL ePsf] cj:yfdf ljBfnosf, ljBfyL{sf / :jod cleefjssf w]/}
;d:ofx? ;dfwfg x'g ;Sg] cj:yf /xG5 .
xfdL ljBfyL{x?n] klg cleefjs e]nf, cleefjs lzIfs ;+3sf] u7g / ;fdflhs n]vf kl/If0f h:tf
ljBfnosf sfo{qmdx?df ;xof]u ug{ ;S5f}F .
à cleefjs e]nfsf] af/]df cleefjsnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] / ;f] sfo{qmddf clgjfo{ pkl:ytLsf] nflu
cg'/f]w ug]{ .
;fdflhs n]vf kl/If0f eGg] ljlQs} xfdL cfDbfgL / vr{sf] dfq s'/f a'em5f}F . jf:tjdf ;fdflhs n]vf
kl/If0f cfDbfgL / vr{df dfq l;ldt x'Fb}g . o;n] ljBfnon] lgdf{0f u/]sf] aflif{s of]hgf / ;f]sf] sfof{Gjog
kIf, z}lIfs k|ultsf] nIo / pknAwL cflb ;a} s'/fx? kg]{ u5{g . afnaflnsfx?n] ;fdflhs n]vf kl/If0f

27. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf22
sfo{qmddf ;xefuL hgfpg] / aflif{s of]hgf cg';f/ ePsf jf x'g g;s]sf k|ultsf] af/]df k|Zg ug{ / ;f] af/]df
a'emg'k5{ .
;];g ( M :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff / arfp
p2]Zo M
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnodf :j:Yo / ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ s'/fx?sf] klxrfg ug]{5g .
à ;xefuLx?n] :jf:Yo / ;'/Iffsf nflu cfk"mn] lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ e"ldsfsf] af/]df atfpg]5g .
ljlw M
à dlit:s dGyg
à ;d:of j[If
à ;d"x sfo{
à k|:t'tLs/0f
;do M !@) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M
lqmofsnfk M
à ;xhstf{n] ;d:of j[If lgdf{0fsf nflu ?vsf] :j?k agfpgsf nflu ;fdu|Lx? -h/fsf] cfsf/df sfl6Psf]
v}/f] /+usf] k]k/, 8fF7 / xfFufsf] cfsf/df sfl6Psf] kx]Fnf] jf cGo s'g} /+usf] k]k/ / kmnsf] cfsf/df
sfl6Psf] /ftf] k]k/_ tof/ kfg]{ .
à ;xefuLnfO{ tLg ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ .
à ;xefuLsf] Pp6f ;d"xnfO{ xfd|f] ljBfnodf :jf:Yo / ;'/Iff lj?4 x'g] u/]sf g/fd|f cEof;x? s] s] 5g
< eGg] k|Zg ;xefuLnfO{ ug]{ . ;f] k|Zgsf] pQ/ h/f cfsf/sf] k]k/df 7"nf] cIf/n] n]Vg nufpg] .
à csf]{ ;d"xnfO{ xfdLn] s] s:tf] ;d:ofx? -:jf:Yo jf ;'/Iffsf] ;jfndf_ ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 < eGg] k|Zg ug]{ .
;f] s'/f 8fF7 cfsf/sf] k]k/df n]Vg nufpg] .
à csf]{ ;d"xnfO{ xfdLn] ljBfnodf ef]Ug' k/]sf] ;d:ofn] s] s:tf] kl/0ffd cfPsf] 5 < eg]/ k|Zg ug]{ / kmn
cfsf/sf] k]k/df n]Vg nufpg] .
à ;a} ;d"xn] ;d"x sfo{ ;s]kl5 ;xhstf{n] kfn} kfnf] To;sf] k|:t'tL ug{ nufpg] / ;xefuLn] n]v]sf]
k]k/nfO{ leQfdf 6fF:b} hfg] . o;/L 6fF;L ;Sbf cGTodf ?vsf] agfj6 aGg] s'/fdf ;xhstf{n] x]Ssf /fVg'
k5{ .
à ;d:of j[If tof/ eP kl5 ;xhstf{n] ;d:of, To;sf] sf/0f / kl/0ffdsf] af/]df AofVof ug]{ .
à ;xefuLsf] klxn] ag]sf] ;d"xnfO{ k'gM tL ;d:of cfpg glbg xfdLn] s] ug'{ k5{ < eGg] k|Zgdf 5nkmn,

28. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 23
l6kf]6 / k|:t'tL ug{ nufpg] .
à ;xhstf{n] cGTodf :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff / arfpsf nflu ag]sf] gLlt / afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] e"ldsfsf]
af/]df k|:t'tL ug]{ .
kf7o;fdu|LM
zf/Ll/s Pjd dfgl;s ?kdf :j:y ge}sg xfdL afnaflnsfsf] plrt ljsf; ;Dej x'b}g . xfd|f] :jf:Yon]
xfd|f] l;sfO / ljBfnodf x'g] cGo lqmofsnfkx?df k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . ljBfnodf xfd|f nflu
pko'Qm ;'/Iffsf pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ klg cfjZos 5 . ljBfnosf] jftfj/0f, sIffsf]7fx? :j:ys/ /
;'/lIft x'g', z'4 vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf x'g', ;kmf zf}rfno / 9nsf] Joj:yf x'g', JolQmut ;/;kmfOsf] aGbf]a:t
x'g' h?/L 5 . xfdLnfO{ ;Defljt b'3{6gfaf6 arfpg ljBfnon] ljz]if Wofg k'/ofpg' kg]{ x'G5 .
oL ;a} s'/fx? ljBfnon] u/]/ dfq ;Dej x'b}g . xfdL ;a} afnaflnsfn] cfkmgf] cfkmgf] :yfgaf6 cfk"mn]
;Sg] sfd ug{ / xfdLn] ug'{ gx'g] hf]lvdk"0f{ sfd gug{ klg ;Sg'k5{ . gLltut ?kdf afnd}qL ljBfno /fli6«o
k|f?kn] lgDg Go"gtd dfkb08x? tof/ u/]sf] 5 M
x'g} kg]{ M
à jif{sf] b'O{ k6s ljBfnosf ;a} afnaflnsfsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/]sf] / x]/s afnaflnsfsf] JolQmut
:jf:Yo ljj/0f b'?:t /fv]sf] .
à k|fylds pkrf/ afs; pknAw ePsf], k|fylds pkrf/ s;/L ul/G5 eGg] ljifodf ;a} lzIfs Pjd 7"nf
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ tflnd lbPsf], jif{sf] Psk6s cfFvf, d'v / sfgsf] k/LIf0f ug]{ u/]sf] / l;sfOdf
ljz]if ;d:of ePsf afnaflnsfsf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / ;+j]ufTds cj:yf k/LIf0f ug]{ u/]sf] .
à lgoldt ?kdf h'sfsf] cf}ifwL ljt/0f ePsf]
à ljBfnodf k|To]s jif{ vf]k sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] / afnaflnsfn] vf]k lnPsf] glnPsf] /]s8{ /fv]sf] /
:jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] afs;sf] Joj:yf ePsf] .
à w'd|kfg dBkdg, nfu"kbfy{ lgif]wsf] nflu tof/ ul/Psf] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf eP gePsf] d"Nof+sg
ePsf] .
à ljBfno lbglbg} ;kmf ug]{ sfddf afnaflnsf nufot ;a]nfO{ lgoldt ?kdf ;+nUg u/fPsf] .
à afnaflnsfsf] JolQmut ;/;kmfO{sf] lgoldt hfFr u/L JolQmut ;/;kmfO cjnDag ug{ l;sfPsf] /
cfjZostf cg';f/ cleefjsnfO{ klg ;Dks{ u/]sf] .
à ljBfnodf zf/Ll/s b08 ;hfo lbg gkfOg] / afnaflnsfsf] k[i7e"ld / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df s;}nfO{ dfgl;s
si6, b'Jo{jxf/, 3[0ff ug{ gkfOg] gLlt lgod agfO nfu" u/]sf] / ;f]sf] cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg u/]sf] .
à ljBfno leq / ;d'bfodf ;d]t x'g] zf/Ll/s ;fho, x]kfO, of}g zf]if0f Pjd b'Jo{jxf/sf] cGTosf nflu
ljBfnodf :ki6 of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx? ePsf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] M

29. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf24
à :jf:Yodf c;/ kg]{ vfnsf s'g} klg k|sf/sf vfg]s'/f gvfg] . ;8]un]sf, af;L, kmf]xf]/ vfg]s'/fn] xfd|f]
:jf:YonfO{ c;/ kf5{ eGg] s'/f a'emg] .
à bfndf]7, la:s'6, rfprfp, lrK;, rfpldg, rsn]6, rLhan h:tf klxNo} ag]/ kfs]6df /fvL vfg tof/
ul/Psf vfg]s'/fx? junk food -hÍ k'm8_ x'g . o:tf vfg]s'/fn] xfd|f] :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds c;/
kfg]{ x'gfn] oL vfg]s'/f gvfg] . a? lbpF;f] vfhf vfgsf nflu 3/af6 e'6]sf] ds}, ;ft', af/Ldf kmn]sf
kmnk'mnx? cflbsf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
à JolQmut ;/;kmfO{df ljz]if Wofg lbg' k5{ . x/]s lbg g'xfpg], gª sf6g], n'uf w'g], xft w'g] h:tf
lqmofsnfk b}lgs ug'{ kb{5 .
à ljBfnodf ePsf] k|fylds pkrf/ afs;sf] k|of]u ug]{ . k|of]u ug{ ghfg]df lzIfs jf ljBfnos} 7"nf lbbL
bfh'x?;Fu ;xof]u lng] .
à ljBfnodf ePsf] k|fylds pkrf/ afs;sf] ;'/Iff / ;+/If0f ug'{ xfd|f] bfloTj xf] . afs;sf] ;fdu|L ;lsPsf]
jf ToxfF ePsf ;fdu|Lsf] ldlt ;dfKt ePsf] k]mnf k/]df ;DalGwt lzIfsnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
à s'g} ;fyLx?nfO{ rf]6k6s nfu]df k|fylds pkrf/ afs;sf] k|of]u ug{ ;Nnfx lbg] / ;xof]u ug]{ .
à ljBfno jf ;d'bfon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] vf]k sfo{qmdx?df ;xefuL x'g] / c?nfO{ klg ;xefuL x'g k|f]T;flxt
ug]{ .
à ljBfnodf w'dkfg, dBkfg lgif]w ;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtfsf] lgdf{0f ug{ lzIfsx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ / ;f]
cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf ug]{ .
à r'/f]6, v}gL, u'6vf h:tf xfgLsf/s j:t'x?sf] k|of]u gug]{ .
à ljBfnosf] ;/;kmfO{ sfo{df ;xefuL x'g] .
à ljBfnonfO{ b'u{lGwt kfg]{ sfuhsf 6'qmf, vfg]s'/fsf vf]nx? h:tf j:t' htftt} gkmfNg] . To:tf j:t'x?
ljBfnon] /fv]sf] 8:6aLgdf kmfNg] . s'g} sf/0fjz ljBfnon] 8:6aLgsf] Joj:yf ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf
xfdL cfk}mn] klg To;sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;S5f}F .
à xfdL lzIfsx?n] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] b08 Pjd ;hfo glbpg eGg] rfxG5f}F eg] xfdLn] klg xfd|f ;fyLx?nfO{
x]nf, b'Jo{jxf/, 3[0ff, e]befj h:tf g/fd|f Jojxf/ ug'{ x'b}g . o:tf lqmofsnfk dfgl;s ?kdf, zf/Ll/s
?kdf / ;fdflhs ?kdf xflgsf/s x'G5g .
à s;}nfO{ klg s'g} klg k|sf/sf b'Jo{jxf/, of}g hGo b'Jo{jxf/ gug]{ / To:tf Jojxf/sf] lj/f]w ug]{ .
à ;fgf, sdhf]/, zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s ?kdf czQm ePsf ;fyLx?nfO{ x]Kg], lh:sfpg] h:tf lqmofsnfk gug]{
/ To:tf lqmofsnfksf] lj/f]w ug]{ .
à ljBfnodf ag]sf] zf/Ll/s b08 ;hfo, of}g b'Jo{jxf/, 3[0ff, x]kfO, pk]Iff, ckx]ngf ;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtfsf]
kfngf ug]{ / ;f]sf] d'Nof+sg ug]{ . o;/L ag]sf cfrf/;+lxtf ck'/f] jf cGo kfngf ug'{kg]{ s'/fx? yk ug'{kg]{
l:ytL cfPdf ljBfyL{ ;fyLx? / lzIfsx?;Fu ;/;Nnfx u/L yk ug{ kxn ug]{ .
à ljBfnodf ePsf ;+/rgfx?sf] ;'/Iff ug]{ . emofn, u|Ln, kvf{n h:tf hf]lvdk"0f{ :yfgx?df r9g] jf v]n
v]Ng] sfd gug]{ .

30. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 25
;];g !) M lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutf
p2]Zo M
à ;xefuLx?n] lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf cfkmgf] ;xeflutfsf] dxTj / cfjZostfsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg]5g .
à lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf cfkmgf] ;xeflutf x'g] k|lqmofsf] af/]df 5nkmn ug]{5g .
ljlw M
à v]n
à dlit:s dGyg
à n3' k|jrg
;do M
à !@) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M
à Go"hlk|G6, dfs{/, k]k/ 6]k, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L
lqmofsnfk M
à ;xefuLnfO{ uf]nf] 3]/f agfP/ /fVg] / cfk"m;Fu ePsf] Ps Ps cf]6f ;fdfg gbf]xf]l/g] u/L Pp6f emf]nf jf
sf6'{gdf xfNg nufpg] .
à ;a} ;fdfg ;+sng ul/;s]kl5 tL ;fdfgx?nfO{ ;xefuLsf] aLrdf kf]Vg] .
à k|To]s ;fdfgn] s] sfd u5{ egL k|Zg ug]{ .
à ca ;a}nfO{ kfn} kfnf] tL ;fdfg cfk"mn] ug]{ eGbf km/s sfd u/]/ b]vfpg nufpg] . h:t} sfkLnfO{ P]gsf]
?kdf, sndnfO{ ufhnsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
à of] v]n v]Nbf Pp6f ;xefuLn] u/]sf] cEof; csf]{n] ug'{ gx'g] . s'g} Pp6f j:t'nfO{ Pp6f ;fdfg
agfO;s]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f]xL ?kdf csf]{n] k|of]u ug{ gkfpg] . h:t}M sfkLnfO{ P]gfs} ?kdf / sndnfO{
ufhns} ?kdf k|of]u ug{ kfOb}g . t/, sfkLnfO{ yfn / snd n77Lsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ eg] kfOG5 .
à Ps k6sdf Pshgfn] Pp6f eGbf a9L ;fdfgsf] k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . s'g} ;xefuLn] cfkmgf] ultljlw
b]vfO/xFbf p;n] d}n] of] jf Tof] ug{ vf]h]sf] eGg kfpFb}g .
à o;/L lqmofsnfk ul//xFbf gofF ;fyLnfO{ s] ug]{ < eGg] v'Nb'nL d]6fpg klxn]sf] ;xefuLn] l;sfpg kfpg]
s'/fsf] 5'6 lbg] . t/, ;a} ;xefuLn] s'g} g s'g} lqmofsnfk ug]{ k5{ eGg] lgod agfpg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLn] cfkmgf] cfkmgf] lqmofsnfk ul/;s] kl5 ;a}nfO{ ;fdfg lkmtf{ ug]{ / cfkmgf] :yfgdf a:g
nufpg] / v]nsf] ;ldIff ug]{ .
à v]nsf] ;ldIff ug{ lgDg k|Zgx? ug{ ;lsG5 <
!= v]n s:tf] nfUof] <
@= of] v]n klxn] v]n]sf] lyof] ls lyPg <
#= klxn] gv]n]sf] x'Fbf gb]vL, ghfgL of] v]n v]Ng ;lsGYof] <

31. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf26
$= of] v]nsf] nflu ;fdu|Lx? s;n] Nofof] <
%= s] v]n v]nfpg] lzIfsn] ;a} ;fdu|L NofP/ v]n v]nfpg ;Dej 5 <
^= Pp6f jf b'O{ cf]6f dfq ;fdu|Ln] of] v]n v]Ng ;Dej 5 <
à dflysf k|Zgx? ;f]lw ;s] kl5 v]nnfO{ l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf hf]8b} hfg] . h;/L v]n v]Ngsf] nflu v]n
v]nfpg] Ps hgf ;xhstf{sf] k|of;, p;n] NofPsf] ;fdu|Ln]dfq c;Dej lyof], l;sfO{ k|lqmof klg To:t}
xf] . Psn k|of;n], yf]/} ;fdu|L -lstfa / sfkL dfq_n] l;sfO{ k|lqmof klg c;Dej x'g] s'/f atfpg] .
à To;kl5 gLltdf ePsf s'/f / afnaflnsfn] ug{;Sg] e"ldsfsf] af/]df ;xhstf{n] cfkmgf] k|:t'tLs/0f ug]{ .
kf7o;fdu|LM
;/;tL{ x]bf{ o;df lzIfssf] e"ldsf b]lvG5 . t/, xfdL afnaflnsf klg o;df a/fa/ lx:;]bf/ 5f}F . ljBfyL{nfO{
l;sfpg] jf l;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|lqmoffnO{ lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmof elgG5 . t/, xfdL afnaflnsfn]
l;sfpg ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf lzIfsx?n] l;sfpg ;Sb}gg .
afnaflnsfsf] cGt/lgxLt Ifdtfsf] k|:k'm6g ug{ u/fpg sIffsf]7fdf dfq lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;Lldt /fVg
x'b}g . ;d'bfo, jftfj/0faf6 klg w]/} s'/fx? l;sfpg ;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf afnaflnsfnfO{ uLt, gfr, vf]hk"0f{
sfo{, syf, v]n h:tf dgf]/~hgfTds lqmofsnfkdf klg ;+nUg u/fpg' k5{ eGg] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . xfdL
afnaflnsfn] klg To:tf lqmofsnfkx?df lgw{Ss;Fu efu lng / ;xefuL x'g tof/ /xg' kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
à z}lIfs ;qsf] ;'?d} ;a} ljifosf] kf7ok':ts nufot :yfgLo tj/df ag]sf cGo kf7o;fdu|Lx? ;a}
ljBfyL{n] kfPsf] .
à d"No gkg]{ / sd d"No kg]{ lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{ lgld{t jf ;+slnt ;fdu|Lx? x/]s sIffdf Joj:yf tyf
k|of]u ePsf] .
à sIffsf]7fdf kf7oqmd;Fu ;DaGwLt ;fdu|Lx? k|bz{g u/]sf] .
à lzIf0f l;sfO{df ;d'bfosf] /]vb]v / ;xof]u x'g] u/]sf] .
à ljBfyL{sf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf] nflu xKtfsf] Psk6s cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk x'g] u/]sf] .
afnaflnsfn] ug{ ;Sg] M
à lgoldt ljBfno hfg], ljBfnoaf6 gefUg] / lstfa, sfkL, snd, emf]nf, ljBfno kf]zfssf] ;'/Iff ug]{ .
à z}lIfs ;fdu|L lgdf{0f, k|of]u tyf ;+/If0fdf lzIfsx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ .
à ljBfnosf] k9fO{, lzIfsx?sf] Jojxf/, ljBfnosf] Joj:yfkgsf] ;xof]u, k[i7kf]if0fsf nflu ;s];Dd kflIfs
?kdf jf dfl;s ?kdf ljBfnosf] e|d0f ug{ / lzIfsx?;Fu cGtlqm{of ug{ cleefjsx?nfO{ eGg] .
à ljBfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx?df ;xefuL x'g] / c?nfO{ klg cj;/ k|bfg ug]{ .

32. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 27
;];g !! M ljBfnodf afnSna / afnSnadf k|hftflGqs cEof;
p2]Zo M
à ;xefuLx?n] ljBfnodf afnSnasf] cfjZostfsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg]5g .
à ;xefuLx?n] afnSnadf s;/L k|hftflGqs cEof; ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn ug]{5g .
à ;xefuLn] afnSnan] ljBfnodf lzIf0f l;sfO{ k|lqmofdf v]Ng] e"ldsfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{5g .
ljlw M
à dlit:s dGyg
à ;d"x 5nkmn
à k|:t'tLs/0f
à n3' k|jrg
;do M
à !@) ldg]6
cfjZos ;fdu|L M
à Go"hlk|G6, dfs{/, k]k/ 6]k
lqmofsnfk M
à ;xefuLnfO{ afnSna s] xf] < / ljBfnodf afnSna lsg < eGg] k|Zg] ug]{ .
à ;xefuLn] eg]sf] s'/fx? Go"hlk|G6df l6Kb} hfg] .
à ;a} ;xefuLsf] k|:t'tL kl5 ;xhstf{n] afnSna / afnSnasf] cfjZostfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
à ;xefuLnfO{ rf/ ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ / k|To]s ;d"xnfO{ tn lbOPsf Ps Pscf]6f a'Fbfdf 5nkmn u/L tL
kl/0ffd Nofpgsf nflu afnSnan] s] s] ug{ ;S5 < eGg] ljifodf l6kf]6 u/L k|:t'tL ug{ nufpg] .
!= ljBfnodf u7g ePsf] afnSnadf ;a} afnaflnsfx? ;dfg ?kdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' k5{ / ;f]xL cg';f/
g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{ kfpg' kb{5 .
@= afnSnasf ;b:ox?n] g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{ cj;/ ;dfg ?kdf kfpg' k5{ / of] k|lqmofdf jois jf
;+/Ifssf] x:tIf]k x'g' x'b}g .
#= afnSnan] ug]{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k|hftflGqs cEof; ePsf] x'g'kb{5 . o:tf] k|lqmofdf ;a}sf] ;dfg
;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g' kb{5 . lg0f{o k|lqmof k'/f ePkl5 ;'emfjsf nflu jois jf ;+/Ifs;Fu 5nkmn
ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .
$= afnSnan] ug]{ sfo{qmd jf afnSna ;xefuL x'g'kg]{ sfo{qmddf ;a} ;b:osf] ;dfg cj;/sf] ;'lglZrttf

33. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf28
x'g' kb{5 .
à ;xefuLsf] k|:t'tL kl5 ;xhstf{n] lgDg ljifodf s]lGb|t /xL cfkmgf] k|:t'tLs/0f ug]{ .
!= afnSnadf ;dfg ;xeflutf lsg / s;/L <
@= afnSnadf k|hftflGqs cEof; s] xf] < lsg < / s;/L x'G5 <
#= afnSnadf ePsf] s:tf] cj:yfsf] cEof;nfO{ k|hftflGqs cEof; dfGg] <
kf7o;fdu|L M
ljBfno xfdL afnaflnsfsf] nflu lzIff xfl;n ug{sf] nflu ;xefuL x'g] :yfg xf] . oxfF xfdL ljleGg
lzIffj4{s s'/fx? l;S5f}F . eg], afnSna ljleGg cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk ug]{ Pjd hLjgpkof]uL ;Lk / Ifdtf
ljsf; ug]{ ynf] xf] . afnSnan] xfdL afnaflnsfx?nfO{ g]t[Tj ug]{, lg0f{o ug]{ nufot k|hftflGqs cEof;
ug]{ ;Lk k|bfg ub{5 .
afnSna s] xf] <
afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xeflutf ug{ kfpg] tyf JolQmTj ljsf; ug]{ clwsf/sf] Jojxfl/s sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu
afnaflnsfx?nfO{ ;+ul7t u/L agfOPsf] ;d"x afnSna xf] .
ljBfnodf afnSna lsg <
ljBfnodf xfdL afnaflnsfx?n] w]/} s'/fx? l;ls/x]sf x'G5f}F . afnd}qL ljBfnodf kf7ok':tsdf ePsf
ljifoj:t'x?nfO{ /dfOnf] / dgf]/~hgfTds z}nLn] ;a}n] a'emg] u/L lzIfsx?n] xfdLnfO{ l;sfpg' x'G5 . t/,
Toltn] dfq xfd|f] bL3{ hLjgnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ kof{Kt x'b}g . To;}n] afnSnasf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ljBfnodf klg
k|of]u ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 / afnSnasf] dfWodaf6 afnaflnsfx?n] w]/} /rgfTds Pjd ;[hgfTds lqmofsnfk
ug]{ cfkmgf] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . lgDg p2]Zosf nflu ljBfnodf afnSnasf] cfjZostf 5 M
à af]Ng], n]Vg] ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{
à g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{
à hftLo, n}lËs e]befj x6fpg
à d]nldnfksf] efjgfsf] ljsf; ug{
à afnaflnsfk|lt ul/g] cdfgjLj Jojxf/sf] /rgfTds z}nLdf lj/f]w ug{
à Ps cfkf;df ;xof]usf] efjgf j[l4 ug{
à /rgfTds Pjd l;h{gfTds Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug{
x'g} kg]{ M
à ljBfnodf u7g ePsf] afnSnadf ;a} afnaflnsfx? ;dfg ?kdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' k5{ / ;f]xL cg';f/
g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{ kfpg' kb{5 .
à afnSnasf ;b:ox?n] g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{ j;/ ;dfg ?kdf kfpg' k5{ / of] k|lqmofdf jois jf
;+/Ifssf] x:tIf]k x'g' x'b}g .
à afnSnan] ug]{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k|hftflGqs cEof; ePsf] x'g'kb{5 . o:tf] k|lqmofdf ;a}sf] ;dfg

34. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf 29
;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g' kb{5 . lg0f{o k|lqmof k'/f ePkl5 ;'emfjsf nflu jois jf ;+/Ifs;Fu 5nkmn
ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .
à afnSnan] ug]{ sfo{qmd jf afnSna ;xefuL x'g'kg]{ sfo{qmddf ;a} ;b:osf] ;dfg cj;/sf] ;'lglZrttf
x'g' kb{5 .
efOalxgLx?, ljBfnodf :yfkgf ePsf] afnSna ;~rfngsf qmddf slxn sflxF g]t[Tj k|bfg ug]{ cEof;df /
lg0f{osf] klqmofdf joisn] ug]{ x:tIf]k afx]s cGo ;a} k|lqmofdf afnaflnsfx? lhDd]jf/ x'g] u5{g . To;}n]
afnSnanfO{ k|hftflGqs, ;dtfd"ns agfpg] s'/fdf afnaflnsf g} k|d'v ;/f]sf/jfnf x'g . afnSnasf]
dfWodaf6 xfdL s:tf] aGg] < / xfd|f] afnSnanfO{ s:tf] agfpg] < eGg] s'/fsf] lgb]{lzt ug]{ lhDd]jf/ JolQm
g} xfdL afnaflnsf xf}F .
afnSnadf x'g} kg]{ M
ljBfnodf u7g ePsf] afnSnadf ;a} afnaflnsfx? ;dfg ?kdf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' k5{ / ;f]xL cg';f/
g]t[Tj ;Lksf] ljsf; ug]{ cj;/ kfpg' kb{5 .
afnSnan] ug'{kg]{ M
à afnSna u7g ug'{k"j{ afnSnasf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g] / pQm k|lqmofdf ;xof]u ug]{ .
à afnSnasf] k'gu{7g ug'{k"j{ afnSnadf ;xefuL x'g cGo ;fyLx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .
à afnSnasf] g]t[Tj ug]{ sfo{df OR5f hfx]/ ug]{ / ;f] cg';f/sf] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ub}{ hfg] .
à afnSna eg]sf] ;a} ;b:ox?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ ynf] ePsf] x'Fbf afnSnasf] k'gu{7g ubf{ g]t[Tj
x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kb{5 .
à s'g} klg ;b:on] cWoIf, ;lrj h:tf dxTjk"0f{ kbx? cf]u6]/ a:g' x'b}g . Ps sfo{sfn k"/f u/] kl5 ;f]
kb cGo ;b:ox?nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ub}{ hfg' kb{5 .
à cfk"m !* jif{ k'u]kl5 afnSnaaf6 lg:sg tof/ x'g' kb{5 .
à ljBfnosf] xsdf ljBfnodf ePsf] clGtd sIff kf; u/] kZrft ;f] afnSnasf] ;b:otf :jtM /2 x'g]
s'/fdf lglZrt x'g' kb{5 / cfk'mn] ;Dxfn]sf] kb x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
à afnSnan] ug]{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf k|hftflGqs cEof; ePsf] x'g'kb{5 . o:tf] k|lqmofdf ;a}sf] ;dfg
;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g' kb{5 . lg0f{o k|lqmof k'/f ePkl5 ;'emfjsf nflu jois jf ;+/Ifs;Fu 5nkmn
ePsf] x'g'kb{5 .
afnSnan] ug'{kg]{ M
à afnSna k|hftflGqs cEof; ug]{ :yfg ePsf] x'gfn] afnSnan] ug]{ ;a} lg0fo{x? ;fd'lxs 5nkmnsf]
cfwf/df ug'{kb{5 .
à afnSnan] 5nkmn ug]{ ljifoj:t'sf] af/]df ;a} ;b:ox?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kb{5 .
à ;a}sf] ljrf/nfO{ ;Ddfg ug'{kb{5 / lg0f{o k|lqmofdf :yfg lbg' kb{5 .

35. afnd}qL ljBfno / afnaflnsfsf] e"ldsf, tflnd lgb]{lzsf30
à lg0f{o k|lqmof k"/f ePkl5 jois jf ;+/Ifs ;Fu ;f] lg0f{osf] af/]df ;'emfj lng' kb{5 / pQm ;'emfj a}7sdf
k|:t't ug'{kb{5 .
x'g} kg]{ M
à afnSnan] ug]{ sfo{qmd jf afnSna ;xefuL x'g'kg]{ sfo{qmddf ;a} ;b:osf] ;dfg cj;/sf] ;'lglZrttf
x'g' kb{5 .
afnSnan] ug'{kg]{ M
à afnSnan] g]t[Tj ug]{ ;Lk k|bfg ug]{ x'Fbf afnSnan] ug]{ sfo{qmdsf] g]t[Tjsf] lhDdf ;dfg ?kdf
;b:ox?nfO{ k|bfg ug'{ kb{5 .
à afnSna ;xefuL x'g' kg]{ sfo{qmd, ;ef, tflnd, uf]li7 h:tf sfo{qmdx?df cWoIf / ;lrjn] dfq
;xefuL hgfpg] u/]sf] unt cEof; ljBdfg 5 . afnSnasf ;a} ;b:ox? ;dfg x}l;ot /fVg] x'gfn]
o:tf sfo{qmdx?df ;xefuL x'g] cj;/ ;a}n] kfpg' k5{ . To;}n] o;sf nflu kfn} kfnf] ;xefuL x'g] lgod
agfpg ;lsG5 .
o;sf cltl/Qm afnSnan] cfkmgf ;b:ox?sf nflu ;a}sf] ;xeflutfdf cfrf/;+lxtf lgdf0f{ ul/ nfu" ug'{
kb{5 . afnSnan] lgdf{0f u/]sf] cfrf/;+lxtfdf lgDg a'Fbfx?nfO{ clgjfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 M
à afnSnasf s'g} klg ;b:on] s;}nfO{ klg s'g} klg k|sf/sf e]befj, x]nf tyf b'Jo{jxf/ gug]{ .
à ljBfnosf] ljsf; / ljBfnonfO{ afnd}qL agfpg] k|lqmofdf ;b}j tTk/ /xg] / lzIfsx?;Fu xft]dfnf] ub}{
hfg] .
à afnaflnsf;Fu k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ljifoj:t'nfO{ /rgfTds z}nLdf k|:t't ug]{ .
à s'g} klg ;b:on] ;'tL{hGo kbfy{x? -r'/f]6, v}gL, u'6vf h:tf_ ;]jg gug]{ .
à of}g hGo lqmofsnfksf] s'g} klg cj:yfdf lj/f]w ug]{ / kLl8tsf] kIfdf jsfnt ug]{ .
à s'g} klg cj:yfdf ljBfnosf] k9fO{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] / sdhf]/ ;fyLnfO{ l;Sgsf nflu ;xof]u ug]{ .