This booklet is learners generated materials under BURDAN Project talk to DRR and School Safety.

1. j/bfg ÷ 1
j/bfgljkb k"j{tof/Ldf xfdL afnaflnsf
;'/lIft ljBfno, ;'/lIft ;d'bfo

2. j/bfg ÷ 2
j/bfg
ljkb k"j{tof/Ldf xfdL afnaflnsf
;Nnfxsf/
/fd s'df/ u'¿ª
u'0f/fh df]Stfg
;Dkfbg
gjLg bfxfn
/fhg k|;fb kf}8]n
Zofd tfdfª
1fg]Gb| kGt
;+of]hs
z]/axfb'/ e08f/L
k|sfzs
u|fdL0f cfk;L ljsf;, g]kfn
n]cfp6
cfj/ ldl8of OG6/g]zgn
;jf{lwsf/ M k|sfzsdf

3. j/bfg ÷ 3
dGtJo tyf cfef/
j/bfg ljkb k"j{tof/Ldf xfdL afnaflnsf k'l:tsf wflbª /
sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf 5fqf5fqx?af6
leQ]klqsfdf k|sfzg ePsf ljBfno ljkb;Fu ;DalGwt lrqsnf,
sljtf, syf nufotsf ;+ufnf]nfO{ PsLs[t u/L l;sfO{ cfbfg
k|bfg ug{ k'l:tsf k|sfzg ul/Psf] 5 .
ljkb k"j{tof/Ldf xfdL afnaflnsf k'l:tsfdf g]kfndf ljkb
hf]lvdsf] cj:yfnfO{ tYofªssf] cfwf/df ljin]if0f u/L jt{dfg k':tfn] dgg ug{ ;Sg]5g .
ljkbaf6 s;/L ;'/lIft /xg ;lsG5, ;'/Iffsf pkfox? s] s] x'g ;S5g . s:tf] k|sf/sf]
ljBfnonfO{ xfdL ;'/lIft ljBfno eGg] pkfox?sf] af/]df ljBfyL{x?af6 lrqsnf
dfkm{t cleJoQm ul/Psf] 5 . e"sDkLo ;'/Iffsf pkfox?, e"sDksf] ;dodf s;/L
;'/lIft /xg] / To;kl5 ;'/lIft :yfgdf hfg] nufotsf pkfox?sf] af/]df cjut
ul/Psf] 5 . vf]nf / af9L, klx/f]af6 aRg] ;'/lIft pkfox? cjnDag ug{ elgPsf] 5 .
;fy} afnaflnsfx?sf] nflu ;a}eGbf klxnf] ;'/lIft ljBfno agfpg' kb{5 . To;kl5 ljkb
Joj:yfkg ;fdu|Lx? tof/L cj:yf ;lhn};Fu lemSg ldNg] 7fFpdf /fVg' kb{5 / ljkb
sf]if v8f u/L /sd ;+sng ug'{k5{ pQm sf]ifaf6 p4f/ tyf /fxt tyf 3fOt]sf]
pkrf/df ;xof]u k'Ug]5 . ;8s b'3{6gf, r6Øfª cfpbf s;/L ;'/lIft /xg] eGg]
af/]df klg l;sfO{ cfbfgk|bfg ug{df o; k':tsaf6 kmfObf lng ;lsG5 .
cf8«f g]kfn tyf cf8«f g]6js{sf] cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]udf j/bfg kl/of]hgf
cGtu{t u|fdL0f cfk;L ljsf; -cf/ Pd 8L_, gfªzfn Pzf]l;o;g g]kfn / Pgl8cf/;Lsf]
;xof]udf tof/ ul/Psf] o; k':tsdf cd"No n]v /rgf, lrqsnf ;[hgf ug'{ ePsf
ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ljz]if wGojfb JoQm ub{5' . ;fy} k':ts ;Dkfbg sfo{df ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg' x'g] cf8«f g]kfnsf gljg bfxfn, /fhg kf}8]n tyf gfªzfn Pzf]l;o;g
g]kfnsf Zofd nfdf / u|fdL0f cfk;L ljsf;sf 1fg]Gb| kGt / k':tsnfO{ tof/ kfg{df
cd"No ;'emfj lbO{ ;xof]u ug'{x'g] xfd|f ;Nnfxsf/ cf8«f g]kfnsf /fd s'df/ u'?ª /
gfªzfn Pzf]l;o;g g]kfnsf u'0f/fh df]StfgnfO{ klg xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg ug{ rfxG5' .
o; k':tssf] cWogaf6 ;fd'bflos ljBfnox? ljkbaf6 s;/L ;'/lIft x'g ;S5g eGg]
ljifoj:t' ;d]6]/ l;sfO cfbfg k|bfg ug{ of] k':ts tof/ ePsf] 5 / cGTodf k':tsnfO{
;'Gb/ ?k lbO{ ;dod} tof/ ul/ 5kfO{ sfo{ ;DkGg u/L lbPsf]df g]kfn lqmol6e xfp;nfO{
klg d'/L d'/L wGojfb .
;'/lIft ljBfno, ;'/lIft ;d'bfo cfhsf] cfjZostf .
z]/ axfb'/ e08f/L
sfo{sf/L ;+of]hs
cf/Pd8L, wflbª

4. j/bfg ÷ 4
ljifo ;"rL
g]kfndf ljkb hf]lvdsf] cj:yf %
;'/lIft ljBfnosf] gd'gf &
;'/lIft ljBfno (
e"sDkLo ;'/Iffsf pkfox? !)
e"sDksf] ;dodf !@
e"sDkkl5 !#
vf]nf / af9Laf6 aRg] pkfo !^
;'/lIft ljBfno / jt{dfg lzIff !*
ljkb ;DaGwL sljtf @!
;8s b'3{6gf @@
ljkb @$
ljBfnodf ljkb Joj:yfkg ;fdu|L tyf sf]if @^
klx/f] @&
af9L #)
r6Øfª #@
j/bfg -ck]lIft k|ltkmn_ ##
;'/lIft ljBfno #$

5. j/bfg ÷ 5
z'ef/De
j/bfg kl/of]hgf cGtu{t
;'/lIft ljBfno,
;'/lIft ;d'bfo

6. j/bfg ÷ 6
g]kfndf ljkb hf]lvdsf] cj:yf
g]kfn ljkbsf] pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] d'n's xf] . e"sDk,
af9L, klx/f], x'/Latf;, cfunfuL, r6Øfª h:tf ljljw
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf 36gfx¿sf sf/0f d'n's ;+s6f;Gg
cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} g]kfndf dxfdf/L, cf}Bf]lus
b'3{6gf, ;8s b'3{6gf tyf ljiffn' kbfy{;Fu ;DalGwt
ljkbsf 36gfx¿ klg x'g] u/]sf 5g . o;/L g]kfnn] jif{]gL
k|fs[lts tyf u}/k|fs[lts ljkbsf 36gfx¿sf] ;fdgf
ul//xg' k/]sf] 5 . ljkb hGo 36gfx?sf sf/0f x/]s
jif{ g]kfndf dfq} xhf/f+} dflg;sf] Hofg uO{/x]sf] 5 .
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf]] cjwf/0ffnfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{
g;Sbf /fHon] 7"nf] dfqfdf hgwgsf] Iflt j]xf]g{'k/]sf] 5 .
o;sf ;fy} k"jf{wf/sf ;+/rgfx¿ ;d]t Wj:t x'g k'u]sf
5g . cJojl:yt / hyfefjL t/Lsfn] lgdf{0f x'Fb} u/]sf

7. j/bfg ÷ 7
lghL 3/ tyf ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿sf sf/0f klg k|sf]ksf
36gfx¿df a[l4 x'Fb} uO{/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] ljkb hf]lvd
Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;/sf/;Fu} x/]s JolQm 3/ kl/jf/ t y f
; d f h s f x / ] s ;d'bfosf] e"ldsf plQs}dxTjk"0f{/x]sf]
5 . k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] Jojl:yt / plrt k|of]u /
To:tf k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ;Dkbfx¿sf]] ;+/If0fsf nflu
ljkb hf]lvdx¿nfO{ sd ug{ k|fs[lts jf u}/k|fs[lts
k|sf]kx¿af6 kg]{ k|lts"n k|efjsf] cNkLs/0f, k"j{tof/L tyf
Go"gLs/0fsf] sfo{x?nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg h?/L /x]sf]
5 . ;fy} ljkbkl5sf] cj:yfdf k|ltsfo{, k'gM:yfkgf tyf
k'glg{df{0fsf sfo{nfO{ ;d]t lbuf] ?kdf k|efjsf/L agfpg
cfjZos 5 . t/ o;/L k|jfx ul/g] s'g} klg sfo{ ubf{
n}lËs lx;fan] ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf]
l;4fGtnfO{ c+uLsf/ ul/g'kb{5 . ljkbsf ;jfndf gLlt
lgdf{0f, tyf of]hgf th{'df ubf{ xf]; of o;sf] sfo{Gjog
ubf{ o;sf ;fj{hlgs ;]jfx? ;d]t n}lËs pQ/bfoL /
dlxnfd}qL x'g cfjZos 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ n]
klg /fHon] k|bfg ug]{ x/]s ;]jfdf ;a} gful/ssf] ;dfg
kx'Fr x'g]5, eg]sf] 5 .

8. j/bfg ÷ 8
lrqsf/ M ;fu/ kf08]
lxdfno dfWolds ljBfno, ag]kf %
(
ljBfno 1fg cfh{g ug{] ;Lk l;Sg] / eljio lgdf{0f ug]{
ynf] xf] . ljBfno afnaflnsfsf] bf];|f] 3/ ;d]t xf] .
To;;Fu} ljBfno cfktsfnLg cj:yfsf nflu ;]N6/ klg
oL / o:t} ljljw s'/fn] ljBfnosf] dxTj af]s]sf] ljBfno
e"sDk, klx/f], af9L, x'/Latf; tyf cfunfuL h:tf ljkbsf
b[li6n] ;'/lIft x'g' cfjZos 5 .
;'/lIft ljBfnosf] gd'gf
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

9. j/bfg ÷ 9
lj=;= @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkn] xfd|f ljBfnox?df
w]/} Iflt u¥of] . %))# ljBfno k"0f{ ¿kdf Iflt tyf
$)*# ljBfno cflz+s ?kdf 3/x? Iflt ePsf] lyof] .
e"sDkaf6 s'n @@ xhf/ $)! ;fj{hlgs ljBfnosf
sIffsf]7fx? k"0f{ ¿kdf Iflt ePsf lyP eg] #@ xhf/ (^^
sIffsf]7fx? cf+lzs ¿kdf Iflt x'g k'u]sf lyP . lj= ;+=
!(%& ;fndf :yfkgf ul/Psf] g]kfnsf] klxnf] ljBfno
b/af/ xfO :s"n nufotsf ljBfnox? Iflt x'g k'u] .
e"sDkdf ;/sf/L tyf lghL ljBfno, k|f/lDes afn ljsf;
s]Gb|, k|fljlws tyf Joj;flos lzIff / k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, pRr
lzIff tyf cgf}krfl/s lzIff÷cfhLjg l;sfOx?sf] ef}lts
k"jf{wf/df Jofks Iflt / gf]S;fgL x'g k'u]sf] lyof] .

10. j/bfg ÷ 10
ljBfno ;'/lIft :yfgdf gagfOPdf To;df cWoog ug{]
xfd|f gfgLafa'x¿ klg c;'/lIft x'G5g . To;}n] ljBfno If]q
af9L, klx/f] / jGohGt'sf] cfqmd0faf6 ;'/lIft x'g'k5{ eg]
;8s b'3{6gf ;d]t gx'g] ;'/lIft :yfgdf :yfkgf ul/g'
k5{ . ljBfno ejg e"sDk k|lt/f]wfTds ljlwsf] k|of]u
u/]/ agfpg' h?/L 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] e"sDk k|lt/f]wL
ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu ejglgdf{0f ;+lxtf tof/ u/L nfu"
u/]sf] 5 . ljBfnodf lgdf{0f x'g] ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿ ;fgf
afnaflnsf tyf ckfªutf ePsf ljBfyL{sf nflu ;xh
pkof]u ug{;Sg] x'g'k5{ . ;fy} af9L, klx/f] / e"sDkh:tf
s'g} klg k|sf]ksf 36gfaf6 ljkb x'g] ePdf ;'/Iffsf] nflu
klg v'nf 7fpF x'g' /fd|f] x'G5 .
;'/lIft ljBfno
lrqsf/ M cljif]s e§/fO{
;]tLb]jL dfWolds ljBfno, e'Dn' !
*
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

11. j/bfg ÷ 11
e"sDkLo ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿
3/ ljBfno tyf ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ubf{ ejg
lgdf{0f ;+lxtf cg';f/ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg] .
ljBfnosf] cfktsfnLg :yfgfGt/0f of]hgf agfpg .
e"sDkLo ;'/Iff ;DaGwL 3/ ljBfno tyf
;d'bfodf 5nkmn tyf cGt{lqmof ug]{ .
e"sDk k"j{tof/L M v'Nnf / ;'/lIft
:yfgdf 3/ tyf ljBfno agfpg]
lrqsf/ M a;Gt vltj8f
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
!)
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

12. j/bfg ÷ 12
gd'gf s[lqd 36gf cEof;sf sfdx? ug]{ .
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf vf]h tyf p4f/ / kfylds
pkrf/ ;DaGwL tflnd ug]{ tyf cfjZos
;fd|uLsf] e08f/0f ug]{ .
3/ ljBfno tyf s'g} klg ;+/rgf leq /x]sfdf u}x
;+/rgfTds a:t' /flvPsf b/fh, ¥ofs, 6]lnlehg,
kmf]6f]k|m]d, 6]an, s'rL{ cflb hf]lvd gx'g] u/L g9Ng] /
gkN6g] lsl;dn] lsNnf sAhfn] s;]/ ;'/lIft
tl/sfn] /fVg' k5{ . ;'Tg] cf]5ofg, 6]an s'rL{sf] 5]pdf
cUnf tyf ux|'+uf] a:t' /fVg' xF'b}g .
k|sf]ksf] 36gf eOxfn]df cfˆgf] tyf
kl/jf//;s];Dd5/l5d]ssf];xof]usf]nflucf}hf/,
cf}iflw, ;'Vvf vfg] s'/f, kfgL, lqkfn, dxTjk"0f{
sfuh kq cflb /fv]/ em6k6 emf]nf tof/ ug]{ .

13. j/bfg ÷ 13
e"sDksf] ;dodf
gcflQg] tyf cTofpg] h:tf sfd gug]{ .
;Dej eP;Dd tTsfn v'Nnf tyf ;'/lIft :yfgdf
lg:sg] .
s'g} klg hf]lvd k"0f{ :yfgdf ga:g] klxn] g} to
ul/Psf] ;'/lIft :yfgdf a:g] .
e"sDksf] ;dodf M gcflQg'xf]; /
zfGt /x]/ cfjZos sbd rfNg'xf];
lrqsf/ M ;'lgn nfdf
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
!)
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

14. j/bfg ÷ 14
e"sDk kl5 M
;Dej eP dfq lah'nL / Uof;sf ;|f]tx? aGb ug]{ .
cfkm' ;'/lIft /x]sf] P;PdP;af6 hfgsf/L lbg]
cgfjZos kmf]g Jo:t g/fVg] .
afnaflnsf, h]i7 gful/s, km/s Ifdtf ePsf
JolQm ntyf dlxnf -;'Ts]/L, ue{jtL_ nfO{ k|fyldstf
/flv tTsfn vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO tyf :jR5tfsf sfo{
ug]{ .
e"sDk kl5 M ;'Vvf vfg]s'/f lnP/
cUnf] tyf ;'/lIft 7fp“df uO{ a:g'xf];
lrqsf/ M c;{t ldof
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
(
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

15. j/bfg ÷ 15
e"sDk kl5 M
Ifltu|:t ePsf ;+/rgf leq gk:g] .
;DaGwLt lgsfodf /fxtsf] nflu kxn ug]{ .
c:yfoL a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf ePsf ljkb Jojj:yfkg
;ldltsf] g]t[Tjdf k'g:yfkgf tyf k'glg{df{0f sfo{
cuf8L a9fpg] .
e"sDk kl5 M Ifltu|:t ePsf k'n
kf/ ug]{ sf]l;; gug'{xf];
lrqsf/ M a;Gt vltj8f
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
!)
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

16. j/bfg ÷ 16
e"sDk kl5 M
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf ePsf ljkb Joj:yfkg
;ldlt tyf ;ldlt cGt{utsf tflnd k|fKt
sfo{bnx?nfO{ kl/rfng ul/ ljkbdf 3fO{t] ePsf
jf x/fPsfsf] JolQmsf] tflnd k|fKt p4f/sdL{4f/f
vf]hL ug]{ .
3fOt]sf] tTsfn} k|fylds pkrf/ ug]{ / cfjZostf
cg';f/ c:ktfn k7fpg] .
e"sDk kl5 M o:tf] ljkbaf6 zf/Ll/s
rf]6k6s tyf ;DalGwt ;d:of ePdf
glhssf] :jf:Yo ;+:yf jf c:ktfn k'¥ofpg'xf];
lrqsf/ M ;'lgn nfdf
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
!)
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M

17. j/bfg ÷ 17
kfq M kljqf, ;fljqf
;do M dWofGg ! ah]
:yfg M kgf}tL–^, blnGrf]s
-ldlt @)&$÷!!÷* ut]
sf lbg >fL uf]/vgfy
cfwf/e"t ljBfnosf sIff
* df cWoog/t @ hgf
5fqf kljqf, ;fljqL lar
kgf}tLsf] lqj]0fL3f6 glhsdf
vf]nf / af9Laf6 aRg]
pkfo ljifosf] ;DaGwdf
ePsf] s'/fsfgL o; k|sf/
/x]sf] 5 ._
vf]nf / af9Laf6 aRg] pkfo
;fljqL M P kljqf x]/ t vf]nfdf slt 7"nf] af9L cfPsf] /x]5 .
-x]bf{x]b}{ vf]nf jl/kl/ v]t af9Ln] aufP/ nfG5 / ;a} cflQG5g_
“cfDd} x]/ g jl/kl/ vf]nfsf] 5]p5fpsf] v]t t af9Ln] aUof] .”
kljqf M ;fljqL xf] lg t/fO{ If]qdf 3/x? 8'a]/ w]/} dfG5]x?sf]
Hofg klg uO;s]sf] 5 lg <
;fljqL M xf] lg of] af9L t w]/} 8/nfUbf] kf] /x]sf] 5 t, af9L eg]sf]
s] xf] < of] s;/L cfpF5 eg g t kljqf .
kljqf M af9L cTolws jiff{ ePkl5 x'g] x'Fbf o;nfO{ hn pTkGg
k|sf]k elgG5 . xfd|f] d'n'sdf k|To]s jif{sf] h]7 dlxgfsf] bf];|f]
;ftfb]vL dg;'gL jiff{ ;'? x'G5 / c;f]hsf] klxnf] ;ftf;Dd /
xG5 . o; ;dodf w]/} jiff{ x'Fbf tfn, kf]v/L, l;d;f/ If]q avf{
lbgdf kfgL a95 / kfgLsf] j]u a9L x'Fbf af9L cfpF5 .

18. j/bfg ÷ 18
;fljqL M ltdLnfO{ t w]/} yfxf /x]5 . o;af/]df c? klg atfpm
g kljqf <
kljqf M eO{ xfN5 gL af9L eGgfn] vf]nf tyf gbLdf kfgLsf]
dfqf a9L eO{ pRr j]u ePsf] kfgL eGg] a'lemG5 .
;fljqL M kljqf eg t af9L slt lsl;dsf x'G5g <
kljqf M x'G5 lg t ;'g af9L rf/ lsl;dsf x'G5g . tL gbLdf
cfpg] af9L cfsl:ds af9L, ;ldl>t af9L / ;d'b| t6Lo af9L
cflb x'g .
;fljqL M ;ldl>t af9L eg]sf] s] xf] <
kljqf M jfn'jf, 9'ªuf, df6f], emf/kft, af]6lj?jf cflb lsl;dsf
n]bf] af9LnfO{ ;ldl>t af9L elgG5 .
;fljqL M g]kfndf af9Ln] k'¥ofPsf] Ifltsf] Oltxf; eg t kljqf <
kljqf M g]kfndf ;g !(() df afudtL gbLdf cfPsf] af9LnfO{
klxnf] Oltxf; dfGg ;lsG5 . g]kfndf af9Lsf] Oltxf; ;g
!((# df cfPsf] af9L ;a}eGbf ljgfzsf/L dflgG5 . To; jif{
af9Lklx/f]df ! xhf/ # ;o #^ hgfsf] Hofg uPsf] lyof] .
;fljqf M “P===” # alh;s]5 ca 3/ hfG5' x} kljqf olt w]/}
s'/f eg]sf]df wGojfb Û
kljqf M x'G5 ca d klg 3/ lt/ hfG5' .
-@ hgf rf}tf/Laf6 cf–cfkmgf] 3/lt/ nfU5g ._
kljqf ;fksf]6f
sIff *, /f]n g+= !)
uf]/vgfy cfwf/e"t ljBfno, kgf}tL ^

19. j/bfg ÷ 19
ljBfno zAb ljbof + cfno zAbsf] ;dfof]hg eP/ ag]sf]
x'G5 . h;df ljbof eg]sf] lzIfs / cfno eg]sf] cWoog
ug]{ ejg eGg] a'lemG5 . ljBfno s'g} klg afnaflnsfsf]
3/ kl5sf] bf];|f] 3/ xf] . hxfF pgLx?n] c;n, v/fj
5'6ofpg] ;fy} 1fg c1fgsf s'/fx? l;s]sf x'G5g . o;/L
cWoog ug]{ qmddf ljBfyL{ a:g] sIff sf]7f ;'/lIft x'g'k5{ .
t;y{ afnaflnsfn] cWoog u/L 1fg, ;Lk / bIftf xfl;n ug]{
:yfg ljBfno xf] . hxfF /x]/ lg8/sf ;fy cWoog ug'{ ljBfno
ejg ;'/lIft x'g' xf] . eg] oxL+ ;'/lIft ejgdf /x]/ ef]nL of]
b]zsf] s0f{wf/ aGg cfjZos 1fg, ;Lk / bIftf clg of]Uotf
xfl;n u/fpg] dfWod g} lzIff xf] . h'g cfhsf afnssf] dxfg
aGg] cfwf/ xf] .
ljBfno 1fgsf] e08f/ xf] . ;j{k|yd wtL{df 6]Sbf x/]s
afnaflnsf cGhfg x'G5g / ToxL+ cGhfgkgaf6 g} p
Ps lbg dxfg JolQm aG5 . Tof] dxfg agfpg] ljBfnon]
g} xf] . o;/L x/]s afns ljBfno cfP/ cWoog ug{
kfpg] clwsf/ g]kfn /fHon] g} @)&@ sf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f
;'/lIft ljBfno / jt{dfg lzIff

20. j/bfg ÷ 20
#( df JoQm u/]sf] 5 . t;y{ cfh x/]s afnaflnsfn]
lzIff lng kfpg] clwsf/ wf/f #! df Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
o;} cg';f/ ljBfno ejg xfdL a:g] :yfg xf] hxfF xfdL 3/af6
ljxfg ( ah] lx8]kl5 a]n'sf $ ah]dfq ljBfnoaf6 3/ kms{G5f} .
o;/L ljBfnodf * 3G6f /x]/ ljBfyL{x?n] cWoog ubf{ cfkm"
;'/lIft ePsf] cyf{t ;'/lIft ?kdf cWoog u/]sf] dxz'; ug'{k5{ .
ls ljBfyL{x? cWoogsf] qmddf 5g t/ ljBfno ejg
c;'/lIft eP Tof] ljBfyL{sf] Wofg k9fO{ / n]vfO kl6 Wofgfsif{0f
x'Fb}x'Fb}g lsg eg] Tof] ljBfyL{df cfkm"a;]sf] ejg c;'/lIft 5
eg] s'g} klg a]nf cfkm"df c;/ kfg{ ;S5 . ;fy} lzIfssf] To;n]
klg Tot}lt/ Wofg hfG5 . clg eljiosf] s0f{wf/sf] xfnt /
dxfg aGg] l:ytL s] x'G5 xf]nf . xfdL klg eGg ;S5f}+ ls @)&@
;fn j}zfv !@ ut]sf] of] b'Mvb 36gf / kL8f cyf{t e"sDk
h;n] g]kfnsf cflb dfgj / wg ;dfKt kf¥of] . t;y{ o:tf
k|fs[lts k|sf]k s;}n] ;f]wk'5 u/L cfpFb}g . of] Ps cfsl:ds
k|s[of xf] . h'g hlt ;dodf klg klg hfg ;S5 . o;df k/L
c;'/lIft ejgsf sf/0f ljBfyL{sf] b]xTofu klg x'g ;S5 .
t;y{ ljBfyL{ a:g] ejg k|lt/f]wL x'g'k5{ . ;fy} ljBfnodf s'g}
/fhgLltsåf/f kg'{x'Fb}g ;fy} s'g} c;fdflhs sfo{ ug'{x'Fb}g .
olb ljBfnodf s]xL c;fdflhs sfo{ anfTsf/ eof] eg] Tof]
lzIff ;+s6df kg{ ;S5 . o:n] c;fdflhs sfo{ eof] eg] g} g]
kfnsf] lzIffdf uDeL/ c;/ k5{ . o:t} v/fj / c;n k|j[ltn]
ubf{ jt{dfg lzIffsf] cj:yf klg uDeL/ g} 5 . x'g cfheGbf
!) jif{ cl3 /fhtGqsf] sf/0f hgtfn] lzIffsf] cg'xf/ ;d]t
b]Vg kfpFb}g y] t/ cfh k|hftGqsf] pbon] ubf{ g]kfndf ^%=(
k|ltzt JolQm lzIffsf] d"nwf/df ;fIf/ eO;s]sf 5g . h;df
%&=$ k|ltzt dlxnf / &%=! k|ltzt k'?if ;fIf/ 5g . olt
;fIf/ x'Fbf klg u|fdL0f e]usf gful/s cfh klg clzIff d} 5g
t/ o;nfO{ ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g g} eGg ;lsG5 .

21. j/bfg ÷ 21
g]kfnsf] lzIffdf kl/jt{g gePsf] xf]Og cem kl/jt{g ePsf]
5 . t/ cfhsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf pRr lzIff lng eg]
ljb]lzg' g} k5{ . g]kfnL gful/sdf cbe"t k|ltef 5 / p dxfg
aGg cyf{t 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/, kfOn6 / lzIfs aGg rfxG5 eg]
p aflx/Lg' g} k5{ . t;y{ To; lsl;sf] hgzlQm aflxl/Pkl5
b]zsf] ljsf; z"Go / cNkljszLt g} /xG5 . ToxL
eP/ ;/sf/L tj/af6 g} ;'/lIft ljBfno / lzIffdf
rf;f] x'g'k5{ . oL b'O{ aLr 3lgi7 ;DaGw o;/L
/xG5 . ha ljBfno 5, ta dfq ljBfyL{, lzIfs x'G5g . s'g}
afns ljBfnodf cfP/ lnPsf] lzIffn] p;nfO{ ef]nL dxfslj
nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f, emds l3ld/] h:tf dxfg JolQmsf] hGd
x'G5 . lo b'O{ a:t'n] g} x/]s dfgjdf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL dxfg
1fg, /f]huf/L, ;dembf/L agfpF5 . h;n] dfgjnfO{ ljZjdf
rlr{t x'g] 1fg lbG5 . t;y{ lo b'O{ j:t'df xfdLdf dxTjk"0f{
x'G5 .
x/]s afns hGdhft h}ljs k|f0fL xf] . p;nfO{ lzlIft, ;dembf/
/ r]tgzLn Pp6f ljBfno / lzIffn] g} u5{ . lzIff / ljBfno
cGwsf/af6 pHofnf] lt/ nDsfpg] ;fwg xf] . h;n] eljiodf
b]zsf] ljsf; lgdf0f{df ;d{lkt u/fpF5 / k|ToIf ?kdf ljsf;
lgdf{0f ug{ ;3fpF5 . t;y{ cfhsf afns ef]nLsf s0f{wf/ x'g .
To;}n] ljBfno ;'/lIft / jt{dfg lzIffnfO{ sfod /fVb} cem
ljsf; ug'{k5{ .
;[hgf e§/fO{
sIff M !)
r08]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, lgufnkfgL

22. j/bfg ÷ 22
ljkb ;DaGwL sljtf
s'g}a]nf PSsf;L
;+s6sfnLg ;d:of
cfOk5{ . o;/L ljleGg
;d:ofn] dfgj hLjgdf
ljkb lgDTofpF5 .
af9L cfpF5 klx/f] hfG5
3/v]t aufpF5 . af9L
klx/f] cfpg] ;Defljt
If]qdf j[Iff/f]k0f ug'{k5{ .
o;n] ubf{ af9L klx/f]
cfpgaf6 hf]ufpF5 .
cfktsfnLg cj:yfaf/]
lzIff k|fKt ug'{k5{ . ljkbdf
k/]kl5 p4f/ ug{ xfdL cl3 ;g'{k5{ .
e"sDk cfpF5 3/ n85 dflg; d5{g lsr]/ .
e"sDk Go"gLs/0f 3/ gagfP dflg; d5{g lyr]/ ..
e"sDk Go"gLs/0f 3/ agfcf}+ ;a}hgf hf]ufcf}+ .
ljleGg ljkbaf6 ;a}nfO{ arfcf}+ ..
lg/g l;+ªtfg
sIff M *, /f]n g+= #
uf]/vgfy cfwf/e"t ljBfno, kgf}tL ^

23. j/bfg ÷ 23
;8s b'3{6gf
k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu} ;x/
tyf ahf/df oftfoftsf
;fwfg k|of]udf j[l4 ePsf]
5 . ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpFbf
;ts{tf gckgfPsf sf/0f
;8s b'3{6gf lbgfg' lbg
a9bf] qmddf 5 .
;8s b'3{6gfaf6 arfpg]
;'/IffTds pkfox¿ M
;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg'
k"j{ ;fwg l7s eP
gePsf] hfFRg'k5{ .
;jf/L ;fwg rnfpFbf l;ldt ultdf rnfpg'k5{ .
dfbs kbfy{ k|of]u u/]/ slxNo} ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg'
x'Fb}g .
cf]e/6]s ubf{ lgod k"j{s -bfofF tkm{af6_ xf]l;of/L
;fy ug'{k5{ .
k}bn ofq'n] ;8s kf/ ubf{ 6«flkms lgodsf] kfngf
ug'{k5{ .
;8s kf/ubf{ bfofF afofF x]g'{k5{ .
;jf/L ;fwg rNg] 7fpFdf s]6fs]6LnfO{ v]nfpg x'Fb}g .
;8ssf] ;dod} dd{t ug'{k5{ .
6«flkms lgodsf] kfngf gug]{nfO{ s8f sf/jfxL ug'{k5{ .

24. j/bfg ÷ 24
;8s b'3{6gfaf6 x'g] xfgL M
k};f art gx'g], ul/a x'g] .
csfndf Hofg hfg ;Sg] .
ckfªu x'g] .
af}l4s c;/ k'Ug] .
tgfj x'g] .
l;vf l3l;ª
sIff M *, /f]n g+= !
uf]/vgfy cfwf/e"t ljBfno, kgf}tL ^

25. j/bfg ÷ 25
!= ljkb eGbf klxn]
df};d ;DaGwL eljiojf0fL / ;"rgfx?
;'lg/xg] .
df};dsf] cj:yf x]/L klxn] g} ;'/lIft :yfgdf hfg] .
cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf ;'/lIft x'g] pkfox?sf]
k"jf{Eof; ug]{ .
@= ljkbsf] ;dodf
cTtflnP/ hyfefjL gbf}8g] .
cfktsfnLg emf]nf lnP/ lg:sg] .

26. j/bfg ÷ 26
kl/jf/sf] ;b:o ;fy} /xg] .
s]xL 5'6of] ls egL 3/df gkms{g] .
/]l8of]df ;"rgf ;'Gg] .
#= ljkb kZrft
x/fPsf JolQmx?sf] vf]hL ug]{ .
/fxt / p4f/ ;fdu|Lsf] ;b'kof]u ug]{ .
p4f/ sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ .
/]l8of]df ;"rgfx? ;'Gg] .
c~hgf kl/of/
sIff ^, /f]n g+= ^
zf/bf dfWolds ljBfno, e'Dn' &

27. j/bfg ÷ 27
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
ljkb Joj:yfkg ;fdu|L tyf sf]if ePsf]
k|sf]ksf s]xL 36gfsf af/]df ;fdfGo k"jf{g'dfg ug{ ;lsP
klg w]/} 36gfsf af/]df cg'dfg ug{ ;lsb}g . e"sDk, af9L,
klx/f], cfunfuLh:tf 36gf ljBfno / cf;kf;sf ;d'bfodf
ePsf] cj:yfdf dfgjLo ;xof]u kl/rfng ug{ x]nd]6, nfOkm
Hofs]6, s'6f], km?jf, 8f]/L, k|fylds pkrf/ afs; h:tf
;fdu|L ljBfnodf x'g'k5{ . To;}u/L / cfktsfnLg ;dodf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] cfly{s sf]ifsf] Joj:yf klg x'g'k5{ .
ljBfnodf ljkb Joj:yfkg ;fdfu|L
tyf sf]if ePsf]
>j0f cfrfo{
uf]/vgfy cfwf/e"t ljBfno, kgf}tL ^
*

28. j/bfg ÷ 28
klx/f]sf] sf/0f g]kfndf x'g] u/]sf k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf
36gfx? dWo] klx/f] klg Ps ljkb xf] . jghªun,
v]taf/L, eL/kfvf, ufpFzx/, ;8s cflb 5]psf le/fnf]
hldg rls{P/, kmf6]/ jf wl:;P/ cl:y/ eO{ df6f], 9'ªuf
jf r§fg, jg:klt, dfgjlgld{t ef}lts ;/rgf :ki6 b]lvg]
u/L tnlt/ v:g] cyjf kfgL;Fu ldl;P/ aUg] klqmofnfO{
klx/f] elgG5 . g]kfnsf] kj{tLo e"–efu Hofb} sdhf]/
cj:yfdf 5 . jg h+unsf] tLj| ljgf;, cToGt} le/fnf]
kxf8–kj{t, vf]l/of km8fgL, cj}1fgLs v]tL k|0ffnL, dg;'gsf]
klx/f]
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
cfo'if k/fh'nL
;]tLb]jL dfWolds ljBfno, e'Dn' !
*

29. j/bfg ÷ 29
;dodf x'g] d';nwf/] jiff{ / To;kl5sf] cToflws tfkdfgsf
sf/0faf6 g]kfnsf] kxf8L e"–efudf af/Daf/ klx/f] hfg] u/]sf]
5 . e"sDk uO{;s]sf] cj:yfdf klg klx/f] hfg] u/]sf]
5 . o;sf cltl/Qm ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf ¿kdf lgdf{0f
ul/g] ;8s lj:tf/, 7"nf ejg tyf l;+rfO{ s'nf]x¿
;'/lIft 9+un] lgdf{0f gul/bf klg kxf8L e"–efudf af/Daf/
klx/f]hfg] u/]sf] 5 . klx/f] k|foM 7f8f] / le/fnf] kfvfdf
hfG5 . ;8s agfpg] qmddf kfvf hldgnfO{ 7f8f]
u/L sf6]df, sdhf]/ e"–;txdf 7"nf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f
ubf{, le/fnf] 7fpFdf y'kfl/Psf 9ªuf–df6f] v:bf, 3/sf
hu vGbf, gbL lsgf/ s6fg ubf{ cyjf vfgL vGbf klg
klx/f] hfg] ub{5 .

30. j/bfg ÷ 30
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
klx/f] ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf klx/f] ;'/Iff ;DaGwL
;r]tgf d'ns sfd ug]{ .
;Defljt klx/f]sf] hf]lvd If]qdf 3/ ljBfno tyf
s'g} klg e}lts ;+/rgf gagfpg] .
hf]lvd k"0f{ :yfg klxrfg ug]{ .
hf]lvd k"0f{ :yfgdf j[Iff /f]k0f tyf tf/hfnL ug]{ .
cfktsfnLg cj:yfsf nflu cfjZos ;fdu|Lsf]
e08f/0f ug]{ .
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf vf]h tyf p4f/ / k|fylds
pkrf/sf] tflnd ;+rfng u/L ;fdu|L ;d]t e08f/0f ug]{ .
klx/f]
;]tLb]jL dfWolds ljBfno, e'Dn' !
(
;'lznf uhd]/

31. j/bfg ÷ 31
af9L ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿
af9Lsf] ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;DaGwL ;r]tgf d'ns
sfd ug]{ .
af9Lsf] ;Defljt hf]lvd If]q klxrfg .
af9Lsf] ;Defljt hf]lvd If]q cf;kf; 3/ ljBfno
tyf s'g} klg ef}lts ;+/rgf gagfpg] .
3/ ljBfno tyf s'g} klg ef}lts ;+/rgf agfpbf
af9L
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
c;{t ldof
hn]Zj/L dfWolds ljBfno, ;nfª
(

32. j/bfg ÷ 32
af9Lsf] kfgL hDg ;Sg] If]q ePdf pRr u/L ;+/rgf
agfpg] tyf kfgLsf] prLt lgsf; ug]{ .
hf]lvd k"0f{ :yfgdf Uofljg jfn tyf t6aGw
lgdf{0f ug]{ .
;d'bfodf k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkg ug]{ .
gbL tyf vf]nf If]qdf /x]sf tNnf] / dflyNnf]
;d'bfox? aLr ;"rgf lbg dfWod :yfkgf ug]{ .
ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf vf]h tyf p4f/ / k|ylds
pkrf/ ;DaGwL tflnd ug]{ tyf cfjZos ;fd|uLsf]
e08f/0f ug]{ .
;d'bfodf ePsf vf]nf tyf vx/]x?df dflg;nfO{
cfjt hfjt ug{ k'nx? lgdf{0f ug]{ .

33. j/bfg ÷ 33
r6Øfª ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿
3/ tyf ljBfnodf r6Øfª ;'/Iffsf nflu cly{{ª ug]{ .
r6Øfªsf] ;dodf ljB'tLo ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u gug]{
tyf vfnL v'66f ga:g] .
;Dej eP;Dd ljB'tLo ;+/rgf aGb ug]{ .
r6Øfªsf] ;dodf v'Nnf, :yfg pRr :yfg, ljB'tLo
;+/rgf tyf cUnf ?v d'lg tyf glhs ga:g] .
r6Øfªsf] ;dodf wft' hGo kbfy{ k|of]u gug]{ .
r6Øfªsf] ;dodf vf]nf tg]{, kf}8L v]Ng], kfgLdf
leHg] g'xfpg] h:tf sfo{ gug]{ .
r6Øfª
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
;]tLb]jL dfWolds ljBfno, e'Dn' !
&
sljg lu/L

34. j/bfg ÷ 34
j/bfg kl/of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljkb hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf kxnx?nfO{
k|j4{g u/L :yfgLo zf;g4f/f ljBfno tyf ;d'bfodf k"j{tof/L
;'b[l9s/0f ub}{ ;d'bfosf pTyfgzLntf lgdf0f{ ug]{ /x]sf] 5 .
ck]lIft k|ltkmn M
kl/of]hgf If]qsf] ;d'bfo / :yfgLo ;/sf/ ljkb
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] cjwf/0ff / k|lqmofaf/] kl/lrt
x'g] .
ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cleefjs z}lIfs ;+:yfx?n] ;'/lIft
ljBfnosf] cjwf/0ff a'emL ;'/lIft ljBfno 9fFrf
ckgfpg] .
;/sf/, gLlt lgdf{0fstf{, gful/s ;dfh /
;j{;fw/0fnfO{ ljkb hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ;]G8fO{
9fFrf @)!% b]lv @)#) af/] kl/lrt u/fO{ :yfgLo
txsf] of]hgfx?df ;dfj]z ug]{ .
j/bfg
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
lxdfno dfWolds ljBfno, ag]kf %
;ld/ tfdfª

35. j/bfg ÷ 35
ljBfnodf ;'/lIft ljBfnosf bz ;"rs
!= ;'/lIft If]qdf :yflkt ljBfno .
@= /fli6«o ejg lgdf{0f ;+lxtf kfngf u/L ljBfno ejg
ag]sf] .
#= ljBfno If]qdf x'g;Sg] k|sf]ksf] gS;fªsg ePsf] .
$= ljBfnosf] ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf ePsf] .
%= afn tyf ckfªud}qL ef}lts ;+/rgf ePsf] .
^= vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO{sf] ;d'lrt Joj:yf ePsf] .
&= ljkbaf/] tflnd k|fKt lzIfs ePsf] .
*= kof{Kt v'Nnf :yfg ePsf] .
(= ljkb Joj:yfkgaf/] cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk x'g] u/]sf] .
!)= ljkb Joj:yfkg ;fdu|L tyf sf]if ePsf] .
;'/lIft ljBfno
lrqsf/ M
ljBfnosf] gfd M
sIff M
lxdfno dfWolds ljBfno, ag]kf %
(
;fu/ kf08]

36. j/bfg ÷ 36
j/bfg kl/of]hgfsf] p2]Zo ljkb hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf
kxnx?nfO{ k|j4{g u/L :yfgLo zf;g4f/f ljBfno tyf
;d'bfodf k"j{tof/L ;'b[l9s/0f ub}{ ;d'bfosf pTyfgzLntf
lgdf0f{ ug]{ /x]sf] 5 .
;'/lIft ljBfno / ;'/lIft ;d'bfosf s]xL emnsx¿