Semester5 individual report

1. BUILDING SCIENCE 2 (ARC 3414)
PROJECT 2: INTEGRATION OF BUILDING SCIENCE WITH DESIGN
STUDIO 5
NAME: ZHUANG ZHI JIE
ID: 0314224
TUTOR: MR EDWIN CHAN

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Lighting proposal
2.1 Natural Daylighting
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.2 Artificial Daylighting
2.2.1
2.2.2
3.0 Acoustic Proposal
3.1 SPL (External Noise Calculation)
3.2 Reverberation Time
3.2.1 Audio Room
3.2.2 ICT Media Room
3.3 Sound reduction index/ Transmission Loss
3.3.1 Cafe
3.3.2 Meeting Room

3. 2.0 LIGHTING PROPOSAL
2.1 Natural Daylighting
2.1.1 RECEPTION
----ZZ

4. Formula : Daylight Factor (DF) = (Ei / Eo) x 100%
Area of Space (m2) 200
Area of Curtain Wall (m2) (11x5)+(8.8x5)+(17x5)+(2.5x5) =137.02
Daylight Factor (%) (137.02 / 200) x 100%
= 68.51 % x 0.1
= 6.8 %
According to the standard requirement of daylight factor needed by reception of a
library, the 6.8 % result of daylight exceeds the standard general building reception of
2%. Hence, the curtain wall is layered by a steel perforated facade with growing
creeper plants to prevent glare discomforts of library users. However, a fair amount of
opening is designed to let natural light in to light up some reading spaces that require
critical amount of light.
Formula EEi = (DF x Eo) /100%
Given, Eo (unobstructed sky of Malaysia) 32000
EEi = (DF x Eo) / 100%
= (6.8 x 32000) / 100%
= 2176 lux
The standard required illuminance level for reception is 300 lux, which proves that the
calculation result of curtain wall design is over-sized and receives too much daylight.
Hence, some solutions are needed to overcome the issue mentioned.

5. 2.1.1 READING AREA

6. Area of Space (m2) 69.6
Area of Curtain Wall (m2) 5.8 x 4 = 23.2
Daylight Factor (%) (23.2 / 69.6) x 100%
= 33.33 % x 0.1
= 3.33 %
The calculation result shows that the reading area receives sufficient daylight as it
surpassed the standard of 3%.
Formula EEi = (DF x Eo) /100%
Given, Eo (unobstructed sky of Malaysia) 32000
EEi = (DF x Eo) / 100%
= (3.33 x 32000) / 100%
= 1065.6 lux
The standard required illuminance level for reception is 300 lux, which proves that the
calculation result of curtain wall design is over-sized and receives too much daylight.
Hence, some solutions are needed to overcome the issue mentioned.

7. 2.2 Artificial lighting
2.2.1 MEETING ROOM
Meeting room is a space that requires sufficient artificial lighting as it is
considered a workspace where users need a bright environment to stay
vision-clear and focused during meetings.

9. Lamp Type 3F FILIPPI 36578 LUCEQUADRO LED
Wattage 40W
Light Color Cool White
Luminous Flux 2900 lm
Color Temperature 3000 K
Color Rendering Index (CRI) 100
Dimension (m) Length (L) = 7.8
Width (W) = 3.7
Height of the ceiling = 3.5 m
Total floor area, A (m2) 7.8 X 3.7 = 28.86
Standard Illuminance Required
(lux) according to MS1525, E
300
Lumen of lighting fixtures, lm 2900
Height of luminaire (m) 3.2
Work level (m) 0.8
Mounting Height, Hm (m) 2.4
Assumption of reflective value Ceiling : 0.5 Wall : 0.5 Floor : 0.2
Room Index, RI (K)
= ( 7.8 x 3.7) / (7.8 + 3.7) x 2.4
= 28.86 / 27.6
= 1.05
Utilization Factor, UF 0.62
Maintenance Factor, MF 0.8

10. Lumen Calculation
= 300 lux x 7.8 x 3.7 / 2900 x 0.62 x 0.8
= 6
Number of luminaires across
= √ (7.8 x 6) / 3.7
= 3.6 (approximately 3)
= √ (7.8 / 3)
= 1.61 m
Number of luminaires along
= √ (3.7 x 6) / 7.8
= 1.68 (approximately 2)
= √ (3.7/ 2)
= 1.85 m
2.2.2 AUDIO ROOM

11. Audio room is a space that requires sufficient artificial lighting as it requires ambiance and
environment for the comfort of audiences. According to the calculation, 12 luminaries is
needed to achieve average of 300 lux within area 65m2 of the audio room. The well
distributed light fixtures will provide audiences with visual comfort.

12. Lamp Type 3F FILIPPI DODECA 220
Wattage 44W
Light Color Cool White
Luminous Flux 3200 lm
Color Temperature 3000 K
Color Rendering Index (CRI) 100
Dimension (m) Length (L) = 7
Width (W) = 9.3
Height of the ceiling = 3.5 m
Total floor area, A (m2) 7 x 9.3 = 65.1
Standard Illuminance Required
(lux) according to MS1525, E
100
Lumen of lighting fixtures, lm 3200
Height of luminaire (m) 3.2
Work level (m) 0.8
Mounting Height, Hm (m) 2.4
Assumption of reflective value Ceiling : 0.5 Wall : 0.5 Floor : 0.2
Room Index, RI (K) = ( 7 x 9.3) / (7 + 9.3) x 2.4
= 65.1 / 39.12
= 1.66
Utilization Factor, UF 0.62
Maintenance Factor, MF 0.8

13. Lumen Calculation
= 300lux x 7 x 9.3 / 3200 x 0.62 x 0.8
= 15
Number of luminaires across
= √ (7 x 12) / 9.3
= 3
= √ (7.8 / 4)
= 1.6 m
Number of luminaires along
= √ (9.3 x 12) / 7
= 3.99 (approximately 4)
= √ (9.3/ 4)
= 1.52 m

14. 3.0 ACOUSTIC PROPOSAL
3.1 SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL (External Noise Calculation)
PEAK HOUR
Main road SPL =10log (IA / Iref )
80dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (80/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 1.0 x 10-4
5-foot way SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
30dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (30/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 1.0 x 10-9
Backlane SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
70dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (70/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 1.0 x 10-5
Total intensity = (1.0 x 10-4) + (1.0 x 10-9 ) + (1.0 x 10-5)
= 1.1 x 10-4
Combined SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
= 10log ( 1.1 x 10-4 / 1 x 10-12)
= 80.41 dB

15. NON- PEAK HOUR
Main road SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
70dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (70/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 1.0 x 10-5
5-foot way SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
30dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (30/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 1.0 x 10-9
Backlane SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
65dB =10log (IA / 1 x 10-12)
IA= antilog (65/10) x 1 x 10-12
IA= 3.16 x 10-6
Total intensity = (1.0 x 10-5) + (1.0 x 10-9) + (3.16 x 10-6)
= 1.32 x 10-5
Combined SPL= 10log (IA / Iref )
= 10log ( 1.32 x 10-5/ 1 x 10-12)
= 71.21 dB

16. 3.2 REVERBERATION TIME
3.2.1 AUDIO ROOM
Area = 8m x 6.3m
= 50.4 m2
Volume = 50.4 m2 x 3.5m
= 176.4 m3

17. MATERIAL AREA
(m2)
ABSORPTION
COEFFICIENT, 2000 Hz
SOUND ABSORPTION,
Sa
Concrete wall 77 0.39 30.03
Gypsum board wall panel 38.5 0.4 15.4
Carpet flooring 50.4 0.6 30.24
Wooden door 5.0 0.44 2.2
Fabric seating 26 0.82 21.32
Human 30 0.5 15
TOTAL 114.19
RT= (0.16 x 176.4) / 114.19
= 0.24s
In comparison of the reverberation time result and its standard requirement, it shows
that the material used for the audio room does not meet the requirement of 0.4 to 0.6
seconds. The actual lower result of 0.24 seconds should be improved by increasing
the reverberation time through reducing some acoustical elements to achieve better
acoustics.

18. 3.2.2 ICT MEDIA ROOM
Area = 13.5m x 6.2m
= 84 m2
Volume = 84 m2 x 4m
= 336 m3

19. MATERIAL AREA/ AMOUNT
(m2)
ABSORPTION
COEFFICIENT, 2000 Hz
SOUND ABSORPTION,
Sa
Glass window 13.2 0.07 0.924
Concrete wall 34.05 0.39 13.27
Concrete floor 84 0.39 32.76
Carpet flooring 84 0.6 50.4
Wood furniture 25 0.38 9.5
Human 20 0.5 10
TOTAL 116.85
RT= (0.16 x 336) / 116.85
= 0.46s
The calculation result of ICT room reverberation time does not meet the requirement of
the standard of 0.5 - 0.9 seconds. Hence, some of the absorption materials should be
removed in order to achieve human acoustical comfort.

20. 3.3 SOUND REDUCTION INDEX
Sound transmits from cafe to reception and meeting room due to the noisier crowd in
the cafe. Hence, good noise isolation material should be used for cafe and meeting
room to prevent noise dispersion.

21. 3.3.1 CAFE
Components Materials Area (m2) Sound Reduction Index
(SRI)
Wall Plywood panel 42 35
SRIplywood = 10log (1/T)
35 = 10log (1/T)
Antilog3.5 = (1/T)
Tplywood = 3.16 x 10-4
SRIoverall = 10log10 (1/TL)
= 10log10 (1/ 3.16 x 10-4)
= 35dB
3.3.1 MEETING ROOM
Components Materials Area (m2) Sound Reduction Index
(SRI)
Wall Concrete block 25.2 40
SRIconcrete = 10log (1/T)
40 = 10log (1/T)
Antilog4.0 = (1/T)
Tconcrete = 1 x 10-4
SRIoverall = 10log10 (1/TL)
= 10log10 (1/ 1 x 10-4)
= 40 dB

22. The average transmission loss of materials used for the cafe and meeting room shows
the degree of noise that can transmit and be blocked within a room.
Cafe (70 dB) - Tav of cafe (35 dB) = 35 dB (Reception)
Cafe (70 dB) - Tav of meeting room (40 dB) = 30 dB (Meeting room)
This proves that plywood panel wall used in cafe can filter 35dB of noise traveling out
from the cafe whereas the concrete block wall used in the meeting can absorb 40dB of
noise transmitting to the meeting room.