The document discusses occupational optometry and vision services. It covers three main areas: primary care which includes occupational history, managing work-related conditions, and educating patients; eye safety consultation including writing safety policies, assessing workplaces, and overseeing vision screenings; and vision consultation to provide advice on visual efficiency. It also discusses common occupational diseases, causes of eye injuries in different occupations, and the importance of prevention through eye protection programs that identify hazards, provide protection, educate workers, and maintain safety measures.

1. Occupational Optometry Presented By: Mr.Chandan

2. Introduction Occupational optometry is the portion of optometric practice that is concerned with the efficient and safe visual functioning of an individual within the work environment. Prevention of occupational eye injuries Vision assessments of workers/patients, taking into account their specific vision requirements and the demands these requirements place upon them.

3. Occupational Vision Services Three general areas or levels: Primary care Eye safety consultation Vision consultation

4. Occupational Vision Services Primary care : To meet certain occupational vision objectives • Complete an occupational history on each adult patient • Diagnose and manage occupationally induced conditions (making referrals when necessary) • Assess his or her patients’ occupational vision demands and provide appropriate treatments as necessary • Educate patients on the need to incorporate eye safety principles into their daily activities.

5. Occupational Vision Services Eye safety consultation : Overseeing the facility’s entire eye safety program. • Writing and helping to enforce an eye safety policy • Performing an eye-safety workplace assessment • Overseeing the procurement of eye protection devices (both prescription and nonprescription) • Educating workers on eye safety issues • Overseeing pre-placement and periodic vision screenings • Writing policy concerning contact lens wear.

6. Occupational Vision Services Vision consultation : To provide consulting services concerning the general area of visual efficiency.

11. Occupational Diseases Chronic ailment - Occupational activity Exposure - Workplace health hazard More prevalent - Given body of workers than in the general population Occupational hazards which are traumatic in nature are not considered

12. Occupational Diseases Common Occupational diseases - Asbestosis - Asbestos miners/ Friable asbestos insulation Black Lung Disease - Coal miners Carpal Tunnel Syndrome – Poultry industry/Data entry personnel's Radiation sickness - Nuclear industry Byssinosis - Cotton textile industry Phossy jaw and Radium jaw- Match girls and Radium Dial Workers

13. Occupational Diseases

14. INCIDENCE OF OCULAR INJURIES AND ITS PREVENTION Incidence of eye injuries: Play and sport RTA Industrial accident Civil disturbances Home accidents Assault Farm accident

15. Incidence Of Eye Injuries Occupations: Machine tool operators Motor vehicle or aircraft mechanic Metal worker Construction Electrician Welder Painter General laborer

16. Incidence Of Eye Injuries Most common Grinding or buffing Leisure or sports-worst injury Baseball, Ice hockey and Racket sports. Squash ball 224km/h Racket ball and tennis ball 192km/h Shuttlecock 232km/h

17. Incidence Of Eye Injuries Open eye guards are not recommended Spectacle frames with hinges that open beyond 90degrees Boxers-Thumbless glove Monocular player-Identified and advised

18. Incidence Of Eye Injuries Adult supervision-Children Household items: Oven cleaners, Glue, Disinfectants, Nylon cord grass trimmers, Chain saws, Hair sprays, Paints, Insecticides and Cleaning agents.

19. Prevention Of Injuries Optometrist role: Visual requirement? Hobbies? Sports? Occupation? Identifying potential hazard and protection Eye protection programmes

20. Prevention Of Eye Injuries Perception of risk Education for the younger employee Publicizing eye injuries carefully Counsel workers after an injury Determining reasons for not using protection Compulsory wear

21. Prevention Of Eye Injuries Eye protection programme: Aim : Identify and Eliminate/Control Economic benefits Reduction in eye injuries=Reduction of insurance and medical expenses, Reduction in lost production, Work replacement and retraining costs Good employee-employer relationship

22. Prevention Of Eye Injuries Eye protection programme Expenses: Consultant fee Cost of implementation Modification of the manufacturing process Cost of employee education Cost of providing and maintaining

23. Eye Protection Programme Parts: Plant environment survey Vision screening Implementation of the programme Maintenance of the programme

24. Plant Environment Survey Assessment of potential plant hazards Dangerous tasks and area inspection Method of elimination/controlling Modify/ Use of non-hazardous materials Last option is eye guards

25. Plant Survey Lighting conditions needs to be assessed Sites of emergency first aids needs to be noted Accident records have to be maintained

26. Vision Screening Studies have proved to have a strong relation between defective vision and accidents Injure not just themselves but their colleagues also run the risk of being injured

27. Implementation Of Programme Elimination/control Provision of eye protectors Marking of the areas Provision for first aid facilities Provision of lens cleaning stations Formation of safety committee Educating employees

28. Maintenance Of the Programme Assessing new manufacturing processes Continuing education and training Regular vision screenings Active safety committee Stocking eye protectors Maintenance of lens cleaning and first aid facilities