Eye injuries occur at a rate of about 2000 per day, with 10-20% resulting in temporary or permanent vision loss. Common causes of eye injuries include flying debris, chemicals, and improper tool use. Different types of eye protection include safety glasses, goggles, and face shields, with the appropriate type depending on the job hazards. Jobs with high eye injury risks include auto repair, healthcare, manufacturing, and welding, and the proper protective eyewear can prevent injuries for each job. Employers are responsible for assessing eye hazards and ensuring employees have appropriate protection.
Safety Glasses & Protective Eyewear – All About Eyes ProtectionGarment Printing
Safety glasses offer the best protection for our eyes against various hazards you can encounter at your job or in daily life. PPE glasses are made according to the highest quality requirements. Frames and filters are both certified to guarantee the finest quality. Your prescription and protection glasses must fit properly to provide the necessary protection for your eyes.
There are a variety of types that may be worn over most prescription eyeglasses to ensure your safety at work.
Your eyes are irreplaceable. There are numerous risks at industrial workplaces that can cause either short-term or long-term damage to the eyes. These eye protection glasses are vital for preventing eye damage.
Eye protection ppe toolbox talk trainingAlan Bassett
Much of the work we carry out day to day present’s significant hazards with respect to your eyes. Your eyes can be harmed in many ways from chemical slashes, welding flashes and inclusions of metallic particles.
Even ‘minor’ eye injuries can cause life-long vision problems and suffering a simple scratch from sawdust, cement, or drywall can cause corneal erosion that is recurrently painful...
In our daily task we are all exposed to hazards that have the potential to cause eye injuries. Dust, grinding sparks, protruding wires, chemicals etc. To protect ourselves we have to wear eye protection and more importantly, we have to wear the correct eye protection!
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Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
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Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
3. Why should we be concerned with Eye
Safety?
• Eye injuries of all types occur at the
rate of about 2000/day.
• 10% to 20% of these injuries result in
temporary or permanent vision loss.
•Three out of five people who receive
sustainable eye injuries were not
wearing eye protection.
4. What are some causes of eye injuries?
• Flying objects – A survey conducted by
the Bureau of Labor Statistics, found
that about 70% of eye injuries were
caused by flying debris or falling
objects
• Contact with Chemicals
• Misuse of tools: improper guards,
poor maintenance, poor safety habits
6. What are the different kinds of eye protection?
• Glass Lenses
• Plastic Lenses
• Polycarbonate Lenses
• Shielded safety glasses
• Goggles
• Full Face shields
7. Glass Lenses
• Glass lenses provide good
scratch resistance
• They can withstand chemical
exposure
• They can accommodate a
large number of prescriptions
8. Plastic and polycarbonate Lenses
• Light weight
• Protect against welding splatter
• Less likely to fog up
• Not very scratch resistant
• Will not accommodate prescriptions
9. Safety glasses should be shielded
• Shielding provides better
protection from flying debris
• It provides protection
against chemicals which
may be suspended in the air
10. Goggles
• Goggles provide greater protection
from splashes, liquids and dusts
than shielded safety glasses
• They should fit tightly against your
face
• They provide the best protection
against liquid pesticides and other
toxic chemicals
11. Face shields
• Face shields are used where
you have a very high chance of
exposure to an airborne
substance
• A face shield is not enough to
protect your eyes by itself; It
should be worn with approved
safety glasses
12. JOBS WITH ELEVATED EYE INJURY RISK AND
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE EYE WEAR TO
COUNTER RISKS
13. JOB HAZARDS PROTECTIVE EYE WEAR
AUTO REPAIR
Mechanics are more likely than
the average worker to be injured
on the job; contact with objects
and equipment, such as parts and
materials, represent a significant
hazard. Eye injuries can occur as a
result of sparks from cutting
torches and airborne pieces of
metal launched from bench
grinders.
‐ Goggles
‐ Safety glasses with
side shields
14. DRIVING
For 1st class license holder’s
good vision is a necessity
both for the safety of drivers
as well as others on the road.
It is also important for drivers
to protect themselves against
harmful UV rays, glare and
airbag injuries to the eye.
- Polycarbonate
lenses with UV
protection and
antireflective
coating
15. HEALTH CARE,
LABORATORY
AND
JANITORIAL
WORK
Infectious diseases can be transmitted
through the mucous membranes of
the eye as a result of direct exposure
(e.g., blood splashes and respiratory
droplets generated during coughing or
suctioning) or from touching the eyes
with contaminated fingers or other
objects. The infections can range from
relatively minor, such as conjunctivitis
or reddening/soreness of the eye, to
more serious diseases such as HIV, B
virus (HBV) or possibly influenza.
- Goggles
- Face shields
16. MANUFACTURING
Manufacturing eye injuries are
most likely to result from work that
generates flying particles,
fragments, sparks, dust, hazardous
substances or radiation. Tasks with
the highest risk of eye injuries are
grinding, welding and hammering.
other high-risk activities include
cutting, drilling, spraying,
smelting, sanding, chipping and
chiseling.
- Spectacles
- Goggles
- Safety glasses with
side shields
17. WELDING
Chemical burns to one or
both eyes from splashes of
industrial chemicals or
cleaning products are
common. Thermal burns to
the eye occur as well. Among
welders, their assistants and
nearby workers, UV radiation
burns (welder’s flash)
routinely damage workers’
eyes and surrounding tissue.
- Welding
goggles
- Welding
helmets
18. The use of proper eye protection, such as safety glasses,
goggles, face shields and helmets can prevent countless eye
injuries. The occupational Safety and Health Administration
requires the use of eye and face protection whenever there
is a chance of injury that could be prevented by such
equipment. The right eye protection for each work situation
depends upon the type of hazard, the circumstances of
exposure, other protective equipment used and individual
vision needs. Employers are required to assess eye safety
hazards in the workplace and take measures to ensure
employee safety through compliance with government
regulations for eyewear and emergency eyewash stations.