types of drug use & different drug effects

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
 MEANING OF DRUG
 TYPES OF DRUG USE
 INGESTION
 ABSORPTION
 SMOKING
 INHALATION
 INJECTION
 DIFFERENT DRUG EFFECTS
 PHYSICAL EFFECTS
 LEGAL EFFECTS
 NEUROLOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL EFFECTS
 SOCIAL EFFECTS
 CONSEQUENCES OF ADOLESCENT ABUSE

3. MEANING OF DRUG
 “DRUG” is any substance (other than food
that provides nutritional support) that, when
inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed,
absorbed via a patch on the skin, or
dissolved under the tongue, which causes
a physiological and psychological changes
in the body.
 ACCORDING TO WEISSMAN-
DRUG is any substance (other than food)
which by its chemical nature affects the
structure of functioning living organism.

4. TYPES OF DRUG USE
 Varied from time to time
 Depending upon the nature of the drug
 In the beginning the main method of drug
use was “oral administration.”
 With the emergence of new and hard drugs,
new methods are also emerged.

5. 1. INGESTION
 Traditional method
 Oral mode of administration
 Simplest and oldest method
 By eating or drinking
 The drug is swallowed or absorbed from
the gastro-intestinal tract into the blood
stream.
 i.e. – drinking alcohol or eating cannabis
 Risk of ingesting drug –
o damage to stomach,
o intestine liver and kidneys.

6. 2. ABSORPTION
 Known as “SNIFFING” .
 Consist in placing the drug on a “mucous
membrane” such as the lining of NASAL
PASSAGE and use is absorbed into blood
stream.
 Material used in sniffing all contain substance
that produce complex and depressant effect on
the central nervous system i.e - cocaine

7.  EFFECTS OF SNIFFING
 General effect is an intoxication which is similar to
alcoholic drunkenness.
 Confusion
 Dizziness
 Problem of in coordination
 Delusions
 Visual & auditory hallucinations

8. 3. SMOKING
 DRUG is smoked in different ways.
 Depends upon – nature of the drug and age group of the
addict.
 Drug is mixed with “TOBACCO” and smoked either in
“CHILAM” or in a “CIGARATTE” or through “PIPE” for eg.
vid (ganja).
 SMOKING is the process of burning a substance and the
smoke then being inhaled into the drugs.

9.  most commonly smoked drugs after
TOBACCO are CANNABIS, HEROIN, &
CRACK COCAINE.
 HEROIN has been abused by smoking in
Malaysia, Singapore and Honkong.
 RISKS –
 CANCER OF THE TONGUE, THROAT & LARYNX.
 CHEST DISEASE LIKE BRONCHITIS,
EMPHYSEMA & LUNG CANCER.

10. 4. INHALATION
 The drug is kept on some paper which is placed
over some flame and the fumes are inhaled.
 The drug so smoked goes into the lungs and is
absorbed into the blood stream.
 HEROIN commonly abused in SRILANKA by
inhalation.
 Most inhalants affects the “central nervous
system” and slow down brain activity.

11. SHORT-TERM EFFECTS
 Slurred or distorted speech
 Lack of co-ordination ( control of body movement)
 Euphoria ( feeling “high” )
 Dizziness
 Feel light-headed or have hallucinations (images/
sensation that seem real but aren’t )
 Delusions (false beliefs)
 Less self-conscious & less in control.

12. LONG-TERM EFFECTS
 Liver & kidney damages
 Hearing loss
 Bone marrow damage
 Loss of co-ordination and limb spasms
 Delayed behavioral development ( from brain
problems )
 Brain damage (from cut-off oxygen flow to the
brain) and finally it leads to “DEATH”

13. 5. INJECTION
 The drug may be injected either under skin or skin
popped or into the muscle (intra-muscularly ) or
directly into vein or mainlined.
 Drug addict give top preference to Intravenous
method of common practice of inhaling.
 Posed a great threat on an alarming increase in the
number of HIV Cases.
 It is the common method of drug abuse in
THAILAND, BANGLADESH, and HONKONG. And
nowadays also in India specifically in Punjab and
Delhi.

14. DIFFERENT DRUG
EFFECTS/RESULTS OF DRUG USE

15. 1. PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
 Organ damage
 Hormone imbalance
 Cancer (caused by nicotine or steroid use)
 Prenatal and fertility issues
 Gastrointestinal disease
 HIV/ AIDS

16. 2.NEUROLOGICAL & EMOTIONAL EFFECTS
 Depression
 Anxiety
 Memory loss
 Aggression
 Mood swings

17. 3. LEGAL CONSEQUENCES
 Large fines
 Extensive jail sentences
 Arrest record that make it difficult to find a job
 Restrictions on living in a certain
communities.

18. 4.SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES
 Job loss
 Relationship changes between both - friends
and family members
 Aggression towards friends and family
members
 Divorce
 Suspension or exclusion from organised
activities such as sport’s team

19. 5. CONSEQUENCES OF ADOLESCENTSUBSTANCE
ABUSE
 SUICIDE
 HOMICIDE
 ACCIDENT
 GRAVE ILLNESS

20. THANK YOU