This presentation covers the main pointers to remember while studying the schools of criminology. Compiling together in simple language, I've created a friendly presentation to help you associate the school with its salient features.
*Please open in Microsoft PPT for high definition and best effects :)
This ppt gives a structured answer as to the elements of crime and its application in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. It describes how the different sections of IPC are based on the 4 elements of crime i.e. human being, mens rea, actus reus and injury along with cases.
“White collar crimes are a big global concern and is increasing at an alarming rate. Various studies have proved that the financial loss to the society from white collar crimes is much more than the other crimes. India is a developing country and white collar crimes are not only a detriment to the economic growth of the country but also spoils the image of our country.”
Created By:
Tejinder Singh
Counsel
Ricky Chopra International Counsels
website: rickychopra.co
Read here https://rickychopra.co/2018/02/21/white-paper-on-white-collar-crime/
This presentation covers the main pointers to remember while studying the schools of criminology. Compiling together in simple language, I've created a friendly presentation to help you associate the school with its salient features.
*Please open in Microsoft PPT for high definition and best effects :)
This ppt gives a structured answer as to the elements of crime and its application in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. It describes how the different sections of IPC are based on the 4 elements of crime i.e. human being, mens rea, actus reus and injury along with cases.
“White collar crimes are a big global concern and is increasing at an alarming rate. Various studies have proved that the financial loss to the society from white collar crimes is much more than the other crimes. India is a developing country and white collar crimes are not only a detriment to the economic growth of the country but also spoils the image of our country.”
Created By:
Tejinder Singh
Counsel
Ricky Chopra International Counsels
website: rickychopra.co
Read here https://rickychopra.co/2018/02/21/white-paper-on-white-collar-crime/
Booklet that I made for criminological theories revision, using resources from the internet. These theories include:
* Classical Theory
* Functionalist Crime Theories (includes Durkheim and Merton)
* Marxist Theory
* Right realism
* Left realism
* Labelling (Interactionism)
* Individualistic theories (learning theories, psychological theories and psychodynamic theories)
* Eysenck's theory
* Family crime theories
* Neurophysiological (brain damage)
* Neurochemical
* Kohlberg's moral development
* Behaviourist theory
Booklet that I made for criminological theories revision, using resources from the internet. These theories include:
* Classical Theory
* Functionalist Crime Theories (includes Durkheim and Merton)
* Marxist Theory
* Right realism
* Left realism
* Labelling (Interactionism)
* Individualistic theories (learning theories, psychological theories and psychodynamic theories)
* Eysenck's theory
* Family crime theories
* Neurophysiological (brain damage)
* Neurochemical
* Kohlberg's moral development
* Behaviourist theory
Motorola Case Study: Digitization of the IAM LifecycleMaria Thompson
How Motorola harmonized global intellectual asset management processes and deployed integrated and digitized IAM lifecycle leveraging Thomson Reuters IPManager
WHITE COLLAR CRIMEWhite-collar crime is nonviolent crime commited.pdfsooryasalini
WHITE COLLAR CRIME:
White-collar crime is nonviolent crime commited for financial gain.White collar crime involve
criminal activities committed by people in the regular course of their business and involve
bribery, extortion, fraud and embezzlement. These crimes usually end in financial gain for the
perpetrator.
what are the opportuinites for diet and excercises in white collor crime:
How You prevent White collar Crime:
There are at least a few reasons we tend to worry less about white collar crime. First, no one gets
physically hurt. Second, we do not imagine professionals stealing. Third, it is difficult to
spot.White collar crime is necessarily perpetrated by people in special positions. Those people in
the office who manage figures and access funds, who make the deals and the big money, or who
file the taxes the ones you really trust with the hard stuff -- are most likely to be involved in a
criminal scheme.
Trusted criminals: Criminals, including white collar criminals, whose crimes involve a breach of
the trust bestowed on them because of their seeming respectability.
Abscam: Asting operation involving a bogus company (Abdul Enterprises) set up in the late
1970s by the FBI, which ultimately led to seven Congressmen being indicted for accepting
bribes, expelled from Congress or forced to resign; also noteworthy as the first congressional
bribe case in which videotaped evidence was available.
Directory Advertising: Actor either impersonates sales person from a directory company like the
yellow pages or fraudulently sells advertising which the victim never receives.
The schemes are often not easy for others to recognize. White collar criminals use their
professional skills for financial gain, relying on the respectability that comes with their position
as a shield. Who imagines that their accountant evades taxes?
How to Stop Fraud in Your Office:
Even if you don\'t believe your people would ever lie, cheat, or steal, you should be wary. If
workers are committing crimes or other wrongdoing and your business is implicated, you will be
held responsible regardless of your conscious involvement. Here are four simple things you can
do to help prevent problems with fraud in your office.
1.Know the Law:
Gain some familiarity with the legal requirements of your business. You will not be able to
develop an expertise in every area of the law, of course, but you should have a lawyer you can
talk to when you have specific questions and a general sense of acceptable behaviors and
potential fraud warning signs. Do not wait for a government investigation that uncovers all you
have done wrong to learn what your business was supposed to be doing. Watch the Work: Make
sure there are systems in place to check on employees. Yes, of course you must trust the people
you hired and you cannot spend all the time monitoring their activities or nothing will get done at
work. But, on the other hand, do not be naïve. Keep an eye on employees and let them know the
ways .
We have often heard about bank frauds, corruption, fabrication of documents, and evasion of taxes, such Crimes cause harm to the economy of the country or threaten a country's economy, ultimately hurting the society. Well, these are what we call white-collar crimes.
White Collar Crime Watch is a resource page for watching out for white collar crime in your area or within your organization. We provide information about white collar crime and tips on how to spot white collar crime so you won't have to become a victim.
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
2. White Collar Crime
Known as crime of the powerful.
Committed by a person of high social status and
respectability.
Act of white Collar crimes are not treated as criminal.
White collar crimes are not treated like the crimes of
‘ordinary’ people.
White collar crimes are under reported.
3. Father of White Collar Crime
Edwin Sutherland- “crime committed by a person of
respectability and high social status in the course of
his occupation”.
He wanted it to be recognized as crimes.
Sutherland wanted a comparison of the affluent that
committed crimes.
“professionals” were not considered criminals
Wanted to develop more theories of criminal
behaviour.
4. Other terms for white Collar Crimes
Elite Deviance
Respectable Crime
Upperworld Crime
Occupational Crime
Corporate Crime
5. White Collar Vs. Blue Collar Crime
Basis Of Comparison White Collar Crime Blue Collar Crime
Meaning A job that requires
clerical work
A job that require
physical labor
Place of work Office Field or industry
Job performed by Employees Workers
Remuneration Salary Wages
Basis of payment Performance Hours worked
Requirement of Job Brain Muscle power
Payment Cycle Monthly Daily
Social Status High Low
Effect on society Indirect but Grievous Direct but less than
white Collar Crime
6. Extent of White Collar Crimes
Corruption in Government:- Corruption in government
offices and in which public servants are involved.
Political Corruption:- Corruption and indecency in
political life informs all the sections of society.
Corporate sector Corruption:- Usually occurs when a
strongly competitive business environment fosters
corporate irregularities.
White Collar Crimes in professions:- Among the many
professions where opportunities for committing white-
collar crimes are abundant the professions which come
readily to one's mind are those of medicine and law.
7. Types of White Collar Crimes
Bank Fraud:- Acts to defraud a bank of funds.
Blackmail:- A demand for money or other consideration
under threat.
Bribery:- Any thing offered with intent to influence the
other party.
Embezzlement:- Use of property or fund entrusted, for
self benefit.
Hoarding:- holding scarce resources, to sold it a higher
price.
Black Marketing:- Selling of illegal thing or selling legal
thing in illegal way.
8. Types of White Collar Crimes
Food and Drug Adulteration:- Mixing of inferior or
harmful thing to any substance.
Computer Fraud:- Fraud involving hacking or stealing
information.
Extortion:- obtaining someone’s property by actual or
threatened force.
Insider trading:- Use of confidential or advance
information to trade in Public shares.
Money-Laundering:- concealment of origin of illegally
obtained money.
Tax Fraud:- Evading tax by providing wrong information.
9. Causes of White Collar Crimes
Not really a crime:- Some offenders convince themselves
that the actions performed by them are not.
Not realizable :- Some people feel that the government
regulations do not understand the practical problems.
Lack of awareness:- People are not aware about white
collar crimes.
Greed:- Greed is another motivation of the commission of
crime.
Necessity:- People commit white collar crimes in order to
support their family.
10. Dangers of White Collar Crime
Billions of dollars lost at the expense of tax payers
Ignored safety regulations for employers
Unsafe products on market
Polluted air and waters
Above the law attitude
Excessive greed
11. White Collar Crime in India
India is equally in the grip like any other country.
Fast developing economy and industrial growth is
reason
The Santhanam Committee report gave a vivid picture
of white collar crimes committed by respected
persons.
The report of Vivin Bose Commission highlighted how
these industrialist indulges in white collar crimes.
Similar observation are made by Mr. Justice M.C.
Changal about the big business magnate Mundhra.
12. Laws relating to White Collar Crimes
Essential Commodity Act, 1955.
The Industrial (Development and Regulation) Act,
1951
The Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947
The Foreign Exchange (Regulation) Act, 1974
Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002
Indian Penal Code, 1860
Information Technology Act, 2000
13. If everyone at a particular business keep an eye, it
would detour potential thieves.
Solution is to be come from peoples affected.
Peoples are to be made aware about this.
If not, white collar crime will be out of control, and
will gulp our economy.
Conclusion