Linking an ecological based system and social resilience to build climate-smart village model in Niger Poster presented at the CSA conference in Montpellier

1. Tougiani Abasse¹, Adamou Basso¹, Boureima Moussa¹, Jules Bayala² and Robert Zougmore³
¹Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, BP429, Niamey, Niger
²World Agroforestry research Centre, Sahel Node, Samanko, Mali, BP: E5118, Bamako
³ West Africa Program CCAFS, ICRISAT PO Box 320 Bamako, Mali
Introduction
In Niger, Climate Change effects are felt very acute and led to accelerate degradation of productive
resources which lead to frequent food insecurity (Niger, 2006). In response a replicable Climate Smart
Agriculture model was initiated; which combines soil fertility restoration through assisted natural
regeneration (ANR), the contribution of organic matter, the use of adapted varieties, and introduction of
indigenous leafy vegetable as well as water harvesting technique through zaï pit technique, provision of
climate information and services.
Material and methods
Village and household were carried out using Community Based Adaptation Approach (CBA), as well as
Top SECAC approach and Life Condition Safety households (HLS) approach. Farmers set up their vision
by predicting future climate change for a period of 30 years. A gender fields diversity crops were conducted
for improving food security and quality nutrition, as well as the provision and use of climate information
and services. Water harvesting techniques combined with assisted natural regeneration for enhancing
resilience and planting of local agroforestry species resistant to drought and high temperatures were also
carried out in Kampa Zarma Climate Smart Village.
Results and Discussion
Main hazards as drought, high winds and flooding were identified by Farmers. Households characterization
revealed three vulnerable classes: moderately vulnerable, very vulnerable and extremely vulnerable.
Analysis of variance showed significant difference between sorghum varieties (Table 1, Figure 1) and
between varieties of millet (Table 2, Figures 2, plate 1). Combination between Assisted Natural
Regeneration and organic matter associated with the use of adapted varieties has improved sorghum yields
from 66.8 to 752.5 kg ha-1 in 2013 and 837 to 1672 kg ha-1 in 2014 and progressive return of vegetation
cover.
Water harvesting technique through zaï pit enables the development of sorghum crop (plate 2). IRAT204
sorghum variety fits well in this cropping system. Yields obtained ranged from 650 kg ha-1 to 1400 kg ha-
between 2013 and 2014 (Figures 3 and 4).
Women indicated that Senna obtusifolia leafy vegetable introduced (plate 3), has strengthened the resilience
of communities by ensuring availability of food during harsh period; (Pasternak et al., 2007) pointed out
that Cassia tora has a good potential to serve as a new important field crop for the Sahel. The cultivation of
okra (variety RCA), is likely to provide substantial income to women given the high potential of yield
obtained: 12 t ha-1 (Figure 6)
Conclusion
Results from this study enable to build a Kampa Zarma “climate smart village” (Figure 7) in which climate
information is one of the decision-making tools for agriculture and a new perception of ecological
intensification based system is born in the village.
Références
Pasternak D., Woltering I., Nikiema A., Senbeto D., Fatondji D. and Ndjeunga J., 2007.
Domestication of Senna obtusifolia, an Important Leafy Vegetable for the Sahel; Proc. 1ère IC on Indg.
Veg. and Legumes Acta Hort. 752, ISHS 2007
République du Niger, 2006. Programme d’Action National pour l’Adaptation aux Changements
Climatiques ; Cabinet du Premier Ministre, Conseil National de l’Environnement pour un Développement
Durable(CNEDD) ; Document Technique 79 pages.
A
Figure 6 : fruit yield of okra 2013
Variéties yield kg ha-1
Rouge Damana 752.50 a
IRAT 204 410.80 b
Rouge Ouallam 365.80 bc
Mota Maradi 295.50 c
Bagzam 286.07 c
Locale 75.00 d
Blanc Ouallam 66.80 d
837kg/ha
1672kg/ha
1377kg/ha
1660kg/ha
Tableau 1: Sorghum grain yield kg ha-1
, Field Diversity 2013
Variété Rendement kg ha-1
Zango Dan arbaiin 1253,3a
HKP 1236,7ab
Tarmamouwa 1016,7bc
Damana 1003,3c
Ouallam 930 c
Témoin 876,7 c
Zango Kwalo 833,3 c
Linking an ecological based system and social Resilience to
build Climate Smart village Model in Niger
Tableau 2 Millet Straw yield kg ha-1
, Field Diversity 2013
Figure 3: Sorghum grain yield under zai
2013
plate 1: RNA et culture mil
Figure 2Millet grain yield kg ha-1
,
Field Diversity 2013
Figure 4: Sorghum straw yield under zai
2014
Figure 1: Sorghum straw yield kg ha-
1
, Field Diversity2013
plate 2: sorgho sur zai
Figure 5 leafy vegetable yield kg ha-1
Senna obtusifolia 2013
plate 3 Cassia tora
Figure 7: Climate smart village model
Acknowlegement
ICRAF/CCAFS for financial and technical support; Kampa zarma village and extension services for
successful partnership..