2. SPANISH ENGLISH
MUCHO + NOUNS = A LOT OF + NOUNS=
Muchos amigos A lot of friends
Mucho dinero A lot of money
Muchos problemas A lot of problems
Mucho tiempo A lot of time
Mucho espacio A lot of space
Mucho dolor etc. A lot of pain etc.
3. SPANISH NEGATIVE ENGLISH NEGATIVES
No me gusta, I DON’T LIKE
No tengo I don’t have
No voy I don’t go
I won’t go
NO PUEDO I CAN’T
No quiero etc. I don’t want etc.
4. SER/ESTAR NEGATIVE TO BE NEGATIVE
NO SOY / ESTOY I AM NOT
NO ESTAS YOU ARE NOT
NO ES / ESTA etc. HE IS NOT
SHE IS NOT etc.
5. SPANISH YES/NO QUESTIONS ENGLISH YES/NO QUESTIONS
¿Vienes muy seguido? ¿Do you come here often?
¿Comes jamón? ¿Do you eat ham?
¿Puedes venir? ¿Can you come?
¿Vas al colegio? ¿Do you go to school?
b) QUESTIONS- b) QUESTIONS-
¿Vienes conmigo? ¿Are you coming with me?
¿Vas con el? ¿Are you going with him?
6. SPANISH- SER/ESTAR QUESTIONS ENGLISH TO BE QUESTIONS
Eres el mayor? Are you the oldest?
Estas tonto o que? Are you stupid or what?
Están cansados? Are they tired?
Estáis ocupados? Are you (all) busy?
Son tus hermanos? Are they your brothers?
7. SPANISH CONDITIONAL TENSE ENGLISH CONDITIONAL TENSE
Ayudaría I / He/ She/It would help
Compraríamos We would buy
Irían They would go
Vendería I /He / She/It would sell
Comería I/He/ She/It would eat
Podrían They could
Deberían They should
8. SPANISH EQUIVALENTS TO ENGLISH MODALS
ENGLISH MODALS
Poder-Podría CAN-COULD
Infinitivo-AR,-ER, -IR + ré, rás, rá, WILL-WOULD
remos,reís,rán.(IRÉ,COMERÉ, MAY-MIGHT
BAILARÉ)- podría,iría, comería etc.
PODRÍA VD.-SÍ PUDIERA VD.
DEBERÍA SHALL(recommendations)-SHOULD
DEBERÍA+VERBO OUGHT TO
TENER QUE
DEBER HAVE TO
MUST (strong obligation)
9. SPANISH IMPERFECT TENSE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT TO
SPANISH IMPERFECT
IMPERFECTO-para hechos IMPERFECT PAST USED FOR
puntuales-aba,-fa Describing Past actions
Desayunaba en la cafeteria I was having breakfast in the
café
Ayudaban They were eating
Comíamos You were dancing
Bailabas You were writing
Escribiaís
10. SPANISH IMPERFECT TENSE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT TO
SPANISH IMPERFECT
IMPERFECTO-Rutinario---ABA,-ÍA PAST: HABITUAL/ ROUTINE actions
Vivía allí antes de casarse. He used to live there before getting
married.
De niña desayunaba aquí con mi mamá. When I was a little girl, I used to have
breakfast here with
De niñas ayudaban a su abuela. My mom.
When they were little girl, they used to
help their
De niños comíamos buñuelos. grandma
When we were children we used to eat
buñuelos.
11. PARECER TO SEEM, TO LOOK LIKE, TO THINK
ABOUT
¿Que te parece si vamos al cine? What do you think about us going to the
movies?
¿Qué te parece esto? What do you think about this?
Parece extraño. He, She or It seems strange.
El se parece mucho a su papá. He looks a lot like his father.
Parece que va a llover. It looks like it’s going to rain.
Me parece que no va a poder ser hoy. It seems to me / looks like it is not going to
happen / be.
A mi pareder… Today…
Me parece que están enamorados. In my opinion…
Me parece que va allorar. It seems to me that they are in love.
Me parece más gordo. It looks like it’s going to rain.
He looks fatter.
12. MAKING COMPARISONS IN MAKING COMPARISONS IN
SPANISH ENGLISH
Mas facíl que Easier than
Más claro que Clearer than
Más barato que Cheaper than
Más gordo que Fatter than
Más grande que Bigger than
Más difícil que MORE DIFFICULT than
Mas caro que MORE EXPENSIVE than
13. DESCRIBING THE BEST IN DESCRIBING THE BEST IN
SPANISH ENGLISH
Lo más facíl The easiest
Lo más claro The clearest
Lo más barato The cheapest
Lo más gordo The fattest
Lo más grande The biggest
Lo más difícil THE MOST DIFFICULT
Lo mas caro THE MOST EXPENSIVE
LO MEJOR THE BEST
LO PEOR THE WORST
14. SPANISH- SI ENGLISH- IF
CONDICIONAL CONDITIONAL
SI: Condicional IF: Conditional.
Si lo llevo tendré que esperarlo. If I carry him I will have to wait for
him.
Si yo voy antes te llamaré. If I go before I will call you.
Si compramos la casa estaremos If we buy the house we will live in SPS.
Viviendo en SPS.
15. MAKING IMPERSONAL REFERENCE IN SPANISH & ENGLISH
Me gusta las manzanas, pero prefiero ENGLISH IMPERSONAL: ONE/ONES:
LAS ROJAS I like apples but I prefer the red ONES.
Había 3 coches pero no me gusto el There were three cars but I didn’t like
the BIG ONE.
GRANDE. There are big and small octopuses, the
BIG ONES live….
Hay pulpos grandes y pequeñas, los
GRANDES viven…
16. HOW TO ANSWER ENGLISH QUESTIONS IN THE PAST
PAST QUESTIONS: PAST ANSWER:
What did they say? They said….
What did he do? He did…
Where did they go? They went…
What did you eat? I ate…
How many did they buy? They bought…
What did they make? They made…
What did you dream last night? I dream of…
What did you drink? I drank…
What did you pay for that? I paid…
17. AL + INFINITIVE UPON / ON + VERB- ING
AL + Infinitivo= Upon / On + verb +- ING=
Al abrir la caja… On opening the box…
Al salir de la oficina… Upon leaving the office…
Al llegar a tiempo… Upon arriving on time…
Al depositar el dinero… Upon depositing the
money…
Al hacer etc. On making etc.
18. ANTES DE/ DESPUES DE+INFINITIVE BEFORE + VERB – ING (PREPOSITION
+ GERUND)
Antes de venir Before coming
Antes de vender Before selling
Antes de consumir Before eating
Antes de comprar Before buying
Antes de volar Before flying
Antes de pintar etc. Before painting etc.
19. ANTES DE/ DESPUES DE+INFINITIVE BEFORE + VERB – ING (PREPOSITION
+ GERUND)
Después de venir, After coming,
Después de vender, After selling,
Después de consumir, After eating,
Después de comprar, After buying
Después de volar, After flying,
Después de pintar etc. After painting etc.
20. A PESAR DE + INFINITIVO= IN SPITE OF / DESPITE +
VERB+ - ING=
A pesar de usar los nuevos formatos Despite inviting 20 peoples,
Etc. In spite of using the new formants etc.
A pesar de invitar 20 personas, In spite of / despite + NOUN (the rain),
they still went to the
A pesar de la lluvia, fuimos a la playa. Beach.
