SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 40
Download to read offline
Essay on The Role of Local Governments in the Global Economy
NOYO OSAGHAE
1/30/2012
I HAVE NEITHER GIVEN NOR RECEIVED, NOR HAVE I TOLERATED OTHERS' OF UNAUTHORIZED AID
THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN A GLOBALIZED ECONOMY
Recent developments in the global economy would seem to suggest that it is in the interest of states to be integrated into the global economy, although
it is also obvious that most would like to do so in the most beneficial and equitable ways. The increase in the number of states seeking membership in
the World Trade Organization is perhaps evidence enough that states, whether developed or underdeveloped, democratic or non–democratic, want to
play a role in the World Liberal Order. The circumstances under which states are influenced to be integrated into the global economy... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to her "While globalization gives rise to global cooperation, global local tensions surface as localities adapt to economic, technological and
societal changes brought about by this process". The method of adaption stated, is through the process of "Glocalization" which she defines as "a
merging of global opportunities and local interests, aiming to create a more socio–economically balanced world, which calls for the accommodation of
global perspectives to local conditions, as well as for a more pronounced role of local actors addressing global challenges". She further explains the
function of Glocalization as "making cities key players in decentralized foreign policy, diplomacy, trade and inter–city projects forwarding social and
economic development. This activity happens through the creation of coalitions where local governments serve as a balancing force to international
private and public sector organizations in the framework of joint projects". This viewpoint emphasizes the importance of the reform of globalization to
be spearheaded by local leaders as they are more sensitive to social and cultural needs and closer in proximity to citizens than their national
counterparts.
The author analyzes these local responses
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Federal And Local Government Performance
Looking closely to the federal and local governments, some federal departments and city departments provide quality services to the extent that people
trust them more than the critics can understand. Surprisingly, some Americans trust certain federal departments than the federal government while at
local government level, some people admire certain city programs than they like the city administration. According to Goodsell (2015), Ann
Arbor–based company provided that in 2010 people showed that they trusted the federal government for its quality service delivery in some of its
departments even though it declined afterward. At local government level. When measuring the federal government's productivity, The Federal
Productivity Index ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But the recent study of 2004–2005 found the opposite. They discovered that bus systems operated by municipal and county work more efficiently
because managers can handle the incompatible pressures from different stakeholders (Goodsell, 2015). To some extent, government can save money
through contracting out some of it functions to the private companies. Moreover, there is also an assumption that bureaucracy is growing larger
day–by–day which weakens personal liberty. The size of growth fluctuates, but the number is increasing at both state and local governments and
decreasing at the federal government.
Strengths of bureaucracy
More trained personnel than contract workers. It has more money to subsidize certain services when private companies that operated bus systems went
out of business. Moreover, most changes are initiated by the bureaucrats not elected officials (Goodsell, 2015). Most celebrated innovations were
facilitated by bureaucrats. These are signs of their strengths.
Weakness of bureaucracy
Some government programs are poorly designed programs and it takes government some time to rectify the system like the Office of Disability
Adjudication and Review (ODAR) due to processing time which spiked at some stage.
True or false stories about critics
It is untrue that all bureaucrats are arrogant to their clients and want to control them. This is dispelled by the interviews that Goodsell
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Structural Drivers And Political Facilitators Of Local...
Question 1. What is relationship between the structural drivers and political facilitators of local government bankruptcy? The main ingredient for a
local government bankruptcy to happen is structural weaknesses in the systems and policies of the local government unit (LGU) coupled with
political facilitators within the LGU. These weaknesses may refer to rules that are not being followed when issuing licenses or permits, say on
building permit or excavation permit in order to favor a friend or a political ally. Poor financial management is another trigger for LGU bankruptcy
when an elected official pressures the certain officers and staff in the unit in releasing funds to his/her ambitious project because election time is
nearing. This can only be done with the cooperation or collusion of people within the bureaucracy because in return they may also get some paybacks
from the elected official. The check–and–balance systems should be in place to prevent getting into the "red". There should be transparency. Periodic
audits should be done by an independent party. Even when all mechanisms are present to make the bureaucracy function cleanly and effectively, if
there is a political facilitator who comes from the top level of the bureaucracy, these good systems can be compromised with just a phone call or some
marginal note from the high–ranking elected official. Rules will be circumvented, budgets can be siphoned off to favor a project or an ally of the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Characteristics And Features Of Local Government In India
Characteristics / Features of Local Government
There are some characteristics on which the system of local government is based which are as follows:
1) Local Area : Local governments is an important administrative division of a country that local government is responsible for looks this areas
termed as a city , a town, a ward or a village. The local government takes care of the people. The group of people administrate of particular areas and
it is run by an authority or any persons who are elected directly by the citizen staying within areas . The elected representative of the people are
responsible for maintaining and managing of local affairs in particular places. The main goals of local government is to provide civic amenities ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The local government are basic tissues to human body without its government would have no importance at all.
2)Local government provides training for upcoming leaders who later gaining experience in the administration and leaders try to it level best suppose
politics and government rise at the local level and the national level.
3) The problems of local government which are emerging are not supposed to be solved by the Central and State governments but it solved by itself.
There are many problems which occur at the local level and it is important to be solved locally .To be identified will all this things the government
shall have to step down to the local in order to reduce the local problems in an effective manner.
4) Local bodies perform various function and it delivers civil services to the citizens. These civic services such as cleaning of street , garbage
collection , drainage , infrastructure like water supply , power supply , fire service and health services etc. These are things which provide essential for
healthy and comfortable
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Difference Between Local Government And Central Government
пѓ INTRODUCTION:
The system of governance in different countries of the world may be different in form and content as there are various types of political system , but
the basic objective of all the government to provide batter and more efficient administration to all section of the population so that there hopes and
aspiration are met.
пѓ Local Government: Local Government is not a government system. It is merely public administration system that exists at the lowest level of the or
country. Local government or local bodies acts according to the legislation and direction of the higher level of government or central government.
Different countries have different form of local government. Such as a district, city township and village council. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Central government is the official face a country or state while local government is the lowest tier in the administration system.
Central government is the name of a compete government while the Local government is in fact the name of public administration system.
Central government makes the polices of all departments , institutes or provinces of the country and the Local government is the bound of the follow
legislation and decision made by the higher level of government and central government.
Local government work as helping tool of the central government and make it possible for the central government to worked efficiently at lower or
local level.
Matters relating to national security international affairs and diplomacy and economic decisions are decided by the central government while Local
government is assigned to look after its specific town, district or division.
Central government is policy maker while Local government carry on the policy and ensure its implementation.
The main objective of Local government is to fulfill the political hopes and aspiration of the people at the lowest levels of the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Governments In Texas
In Texas local governments play a major role in the wellbeing and safety of its citizens. In each county of Texas there are an average of about 19
general purpose governments, that means that all the county general purpose local governments combined would be more than 4,800. In the United
States of America all but two states have governmental units known as counties or parishes. County government is primarily a way of governing rural
areas, because Texas is so vast, with huge areas that are sparsely populated, county government remains an important aspect of local government.
County governments in rural areas do not actually have the ability to govern themselves, they act more as an extension of state government.
Municipalities or ayuntamientos ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Law enforcement is another one of the important services that the county government must supply it citizens with. In Texas, the counties have control
over law–enforcement budget, but it is often the sheriff who will decide how its spent. The person in charge of this job is usually a sheriff or
constables. Every county in the state of Texas has a sheriff and a county court which belongs to said sheriff. Often times operating a county jail can
be very expensive especially when the jail has a capacity of 13 and there's is only one single inmate in the entire facility. Traditionally in Texas the
office of constable has been an elective office with limited duties. Some constables change their offices into full–fledged police departments. Some
constables offices have traffic enforcement roles, some enforce truancy laws, and some even have formed heavily armed, tactical units that patrol
high–crime areas like
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Case Study Of White Paper On Local Government
4.2White Paper on Local Government
According to the White Paper on Local Government, local authorities have the following responsibilities in terms of their obligation to economic
development:
в—ЏProvide marketing and investment support in order to attract potential support to their locality.
в—ЏSmall business support services should be providing to assist small entrepreneurs.
в—ЏTo provide targeted assistance to a particular sector in the local economy that has to potential to expand.
в—ЏBy supplementing and tailoring to local need, the services provided by the Department of Labour in supply of training and placement services.
This is necessary towards the end of assisting people in acquiring skills and funding jobs.
4.3The Local Government: Municipal Systems Act (2000) (Act 32 of 2000)
The Municipal System Act (No. 32 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
в—ЏPromote and undertake development in the municipality.
в—ЏPromote gender equity in the exercise of the municipality's executive and legislative authority.
в—ЏPromote a safe and healthy environment in the municipality.
в—ЏContribute, together with other organs of the state, to the progressive realisation of the fundamental rights contained in sections 24, 25, 26, 27
and 29 of the Constitution.
LED is one of the most strategic tools through which local municipalities adhere to its duties, as prescribed by the Municipal Structures Act. This fact
becomes even more applicable, once a municipality's LED strategy is functionally integrated with its Integrated Development Plan.
Section 26(c) of the Local Government: Municipal System Act further specifies that the Integrated Development Plan of the local municipality must
contain its LED aims. This awards the municipal LED strategy legal status as part of the Integrated Development Planning process.
5RECOGNISING PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES WITH REGARDS TO SOUTH AFRICA'S ECONOMIC PROGRESS SINCE
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Empowering The Local Government As A Local Community
Nicole: That municipalities, mayors, and council members have the tools that they need to manage their constituents. So when I think about being the
Mayor here in Manitou Springs and as unique as we feel we are, for example last night we discussed sexually oriented businesses and we are the only
municipality in El Paso County with recreational marijuana, you know a variety of things that we have catered to our own municipality, I would love to
be able to turn around on those steps and say that I have helped to create well rounded and broad policy for municipalities and local government at the
smaller level to do exactly what they need for their specific unique community.
Dustin: So empowering local government?
Nicole: Yes.
Dustin: That's awesome.
Nicole: And you know yeah I mean really, and I'm just going to talk to sort of randomly right now. When I think about empowering local governments
and I think about this current mayoral campaign and I think about some of the council members I have on my board and someone like Pete Lee who
have their own agenda, not that not necessarily self–serving, although it may be, they're not coming from a place of thinking that it's self–serving, but
they just have a tunnel vision for specific agenda, I don't have that. I don't necessarily want to unless it's essential for my job. For example, as I run for
mayor again, the items that I'm talking about trying to address for the next two years have come up over the past two years as we've gone
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Challenges for Urban Local Governments in India
Asia Research Centre Working Paper 19 Challenges for Urban Local Governments in India Written by Rumi Aijaz Rumi Aijaz was Visiting Research
Fellow at Asia Research Centre in 2006. E–mail: rumi_pvg@rediffmail.com A section of this working paper has been accepted for publication in a
forthcoming issue of the Journal of Asian and African Studies, by Sage Publications Ltd. Copyright © Rumi Aijaz, 2007 All rights reserved. Apart
from any fair dealing for the purpose of research or private study, or criticism or review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher nor be issued to the public... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
! I E ! 8 & 7 ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ В¤ ВЈ % ) ВЈ В¤ ВҐ ( % ВЈ В§ ВЈ ВЈ ) В¤ ВЈ В¦ ВЈ $ # ВҐ В§ " ВҐ ! В¦ В¤ В§ В¤ В¦ ВЈ В§ ВҐ В¦ ВҐ ВЁ ( ВҐ B @
0 9 % ВЈ 3 3 8 D 7 ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ
ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ %
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government Fiscal Sustainability As A Common Pool...
Local Government Fiscal Sustainability as a Common–Pool Resource Problem According to our text, people perceive government as a tool to
maximize their own self–interest in the political economy model (Rosen & Gayer, 2014, p. 108). This commonly takes the form of public service
programs, which is why fiscal sustainability is an essential factor in government operations, especially on the local level. It has turned out to be an
immense challenge on every level due to fluctuating operating deficits, tax revenues, and demographics. These issues are similar to the tragedy of the
commons, which occurs when several people try to obtain the largest profit from a common resource. As demand surpasses the supply of the resource,
those who seek personal gain disregard society's well–being and other people are not able to experience the benefits ("Tragedy of the Commons"). The
larger problem is that public expenditures are paid for by mostly everyone within a single jurisdiction, yet the benefits from government expenditures
are focused on certain groups. This leads to each group craving a greater portion of the common revenue pool, however, if every group tries to
increase their share then it would result in unnecessary public spending or economic crisis. This study by Tang, Callahan, and Pisano (2014) examines
fiscal sustainability within local governments as a common–pool resource (CPR) problem by considering the political economy of monetary
institutions, applying six
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Economic Growth And Local Governments
In pursuit of economic growth, local governments in American often encounter the institutional collective action dilemma due to fragmentation of
authorities in governance systems and fierce competitions in the context of economic development. City governments have to cooperate with either
their neighbor cities or other cities to encourage economic growth. This is because individual city government might be too smaller to reach economies
of scale, so that companies might be reluctant to make the investment unless the size of operation could grow to a certain point. And also, some factors
of production, such as water or electricity, might not be solely controlled by one city government; pollution problems caused in the process of
manufacturing products might not be confronted by only one city government as well. In spite of potential benefits for collective actions, as many
studies have indicated, coordination and defection cost would put intergovernmental collaboration at risk(Carr & Hawkins, 2013). Lack of central
authority coordinate with local governments, conflicting goals is rarely to make them enter into mutual agreements. Even as they recognized accepted
goals for joint actions, diverse means might be devised by each of them(Feiock, 2013). As city governments compete with each other to provide
favorable development policies, their fiscal pressures build up and the probability of policy failure increases(Minkoff, 2013). Under this situation,
individual actions taken by
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local And Local Government
Imagine the government controlling every aspect of life, not only in the political side of the spectrum but also on the social side as well. The thought
could be passed by in the minds of most, as some sort of authoritarian state or a form of communism, however this is actually true in most governments
including that of statewide and local government and its political agencies. As by definition, a government is, "The form or system of rule by which a
state, community, etc., is governed."(Dictionary.com) and behind the lines of the contemporary thought, the government's main role is to control
liberty and order which is contradictory in nature. On June 12, 2017 at 12:46 I was walking down the busy street of Westheimer with two of my
friends to go get food at Sonic and I as I walked down the street I failed to realize just how many agencies and levels of local and State government I
encountered which included, the Houston Department of Public Works and Engineering, TexasPublic Utility Commission, and the Texas commission
on Environmental Quality. The Houston Department of Public Works and Engineering is the agency that deals with the upkeep and creation of
Houston's infrastructure such as Roads, Bridges, Traffic signals,Fire hydrants and also the treatment of wastewaters. In connection with my stroll down
Westheimer, this local agency is one that I encountered on a consist basis because the sidewalks that I walked on are kept up by this agency and not
only that but also
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Levels Of Government : Federal, State, And Local Government
Federal, state, and local government establish the laws of how we carry on with our lives and influences the decisions that protect our future. We the
people must hold the different levels of government accountable when those laws or influences are not withheld. The Constitution was written to
protect those that may be treated unfairly and justly. There will be issues that every level of government will agree on, but it is up to the elected
officials to represent those who do not have a voice. Hydro fracking is a complicated issue that should be tackled from the lower level of government
to the higher level.
Intergovernmental relationship The federal government consists of the executive, judicial and legislative branches set the laws of the land. The state
level, which is between the middle level assumes the responsibilities of ensuring those laws applies to the communities within and acts as the liaison
between the federal and local government. The local level which hears a greater amount of the voice of the general population is the lowest level. The
different levels of government goals are to work as a system, appoint specialist, and to assign tasks to the lowest level to fulfill. Federal or state
government provides oversight to higher tasks accomplished through the local government; it demonstrates the local government can handle the issue
at hand. The combination of the levels of the governments combined with the public and private players gives you intergovernmental
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Function Of Local Government
Local government is an important topic to educate the young minds of today. This paper will outline the development, structure, and function of not
only North Carolina government, but also that of the United States. These concepts will be analyzed to apply to teaching methods appropriate to an
elementary age group. This paper, therefore, will address the essential standard of "Understand the development, structure, and function of local
government". And clarifying objectives of summarizing the historical development of local governments, describe the structure of local government
and how it functions to serve citizens, understand the three branches of government, with an emphasis on local government. The Local Government
Act of 1989 tells of the official roles of local government of a community. This act states the elected councils have the right to the powers that are
considered to ensure peace, order and good government of each municipal district. This act gives local government a vast range of power. An important
concept mentioned in the statement above is that only elected councils have the right to show power within a community. This same act states that "It
is necessary to ensure that the Councilors who comprise each Council are democratically elected by persons entitled to vote at municipal elections and
that the council is responsible and accountable to the local community." This statement shows the overall role of local government in a community. The
role of local
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Importance Of Local Government
What is local government and how does something much smaller than the bigger picture have an more immense impact on individual's lives? Local
government is the administration, of a district, state, or county, in which the citizen elects the officials corresponding to their particular area. Local
government is essential throughout America. It entitles people the right to have a say in what is going on in their community, on a governmental stance.
Local government, moreover, establishes and enforce local laws. Local government, furthermore, is responsible for establishing and delivering a range
of quality to their community. Local government sets the direction in which they want to see their region going in. Local government uses a long–term
plan in which they set: financial plans, council plans, municipal strategic statement, and other strategic tactics. With the use of the tactics, they
determine how they want their region to progress. People should be concerned about their local government because it allows them to have a say in
what happens in their community, and it makes local laws which directly affect the people in their region.
As previously stated, local government entitles people the right to have a say in their local government. How would you feel if you had no say in what
is happening in your community? Local government gives individuals the capability to say what should happen in their community. It gives people that
"fail–safe" that they have the ability to
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Function Of Local Government
Ayer | 4
Priyanka Ayer Professor Sharifian Govt 2306 18th Nov 2017 Three Committee I would Govern "The care of human life and happiness and not their
destruction is the only legitimate object of good government."(Thomas Jefferson). A good government take care of their citizen and provide better
service and life so that they can be happy. To function government properly, the branches of government should function properly. The Federal
government depends upon the State and the State depend upon the local government. Local government are the ones who have the authority to
work on the grassroots level as they are more connected to the local people and they are the ones who knows what can be done to make people
happy. To properly function the local government, law making bodies and committees are formed. These committees are more connected to people
in their region and there are several committees who work for the problem of the society. As I see in the State of Texas where I live, there are three
most problems we face in daily life. First, the problem of Transportation where even the biggest city as Dallas that has so many highways but yet the
public transpiration which is worse than other cities and county. Second is the poverty rate, the poverty rate of Texas is 17.6% and the Dallas city
poverty rate is 30% which is very high. Similarly, Dallas crime rate which has rose by 30% in 2016. So, to solve these problems, I would like to work
in there Texas committees of the House and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Operation Of Local Government Transparency
Operation of local government transparency in
South Sulawesi province
A. Jamaluddin
STISIP Muhammadiyah Sinjai Abstract
Transparency in South Sulawesi Provincial Government has been applied in efforts to achieve good governance. The problems of this research are; (1)
how to transparency in local governance, (2) what factors inhibiting transparency in local governance, and (3) what is the right strategy is used in
implementing the transparency of the regional administration. This study aims to: 1) describe the transparency in local governance, 2) analyze the
factors that become an obstacle to transparency in local governance, and 3) to apply the right strategy in the transparency of the regional administration.
The study found that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Various information is held, given and provided by theGovernment are accessible can be used as a tool for monitoring, evaluating and assessing the
work done by the government under the supervision of the community.
Regional Government of South Sulawesi province after the reform era are required to be more transparent to the various activities of governance
created by the government and has the support of the community by creating all the tools and rules of the system and mechanism of action of the
government must be transparent, informed to the community and society easy access to all information relating to good governance in accordance
duties and functions of each government agency. Transparency in principle is the principle of the creation of mutual confidence between the
government and the public through the provision of information that ensures the ease in obtaining accurate information and adequate. Through this
transparency, government and communities together to provide information where the information is a necessity for governments and communities to
mutually participate in running good governance.
Moving on from the understanding of transparency, the Regional Government seeks to achieve transparency of regional governance
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Est1 Task 1 Local Government
Establishing a formal government on the newly secured property called Pequena Isla would take a great deal of consideration to ensure prosperity in
the future.
Local government
Pequena Isla will use a general purpose and perform essential services such as law enforcement, park services, maintaining roads, human services and
public works (Dye & MacManus, 2015). To ensure quality educational services, they will also use a special purpose government to establish and
maintain school districts (Dye & MacManus, 2015).
Form of government
A rural county government would make for an excellent political structure while giving the residents common services. It would also give private
businesses opportunities for maintenance, healthcare, waste disposal services, and recreational services, which would not only bring business and jobs
but more citizens as well. The services our government would provide ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Management system
To allow future growth Pequena Isla will utilize the more professional and versatile county administrator structure Isla. This type of government would
let the local elected officials work on the legislative aspects while hiring a highly qualified individual to manage the county operations. It would also be
beneficial because some of the elected county members may not be experienced leading a county, but this would give the count the opportunity to hire
a knowledgeable and capable person to manage the county.
Leadership instatement
Pequena Isla will have three county commissioners that are elected into office every four years overlapping to ensure an experienced commissioner is
in office at all times ((Dye & MacManus, 2015). They will
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
What Are The Main Features Of Local Government Act 1979
Provincial Local Government Ordinance 1979
This period marked the 'second wave' of local government reform a military regime. The system of local government introduced in 1979 by General
Zia–ul–Haq was the most representative in nature since independence. For the first time in the history of Pakistan, elections to all local councils in both
rural and urban areas were held simultaneously on the basis of adult franchise and under the aegis of independent provincial election authorities.
Features of Provincial Local Government Ordinance:
The special features of the 1979 local government system can be described as follows:
Local government laws relating to rural and urban areas were unified and harmonized.
Local governments ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Planning, development and maintenance of public roads and bridges.
Installation and maintenance of street–lights.
Optional Functions:
Planning, development and maintenance of playgrounds, parks, graveyards and gardens.
Procurement, allocation and regulation of grants, loans and other assistance.
Planning, development and maintenance of public welfare centers, orphan houses and organizations. Analysis:
The local bodies were made independent from the bureaucracy under the Local Government Ordinance of 1979.
The local bodies were vested with administrative, judicial and financial powers to make them effective institutions.
They were authorized to get loans from national and international Banks to complete their plans for the people's development.
The elections of local governments were held on non–party basis.
The local governments were dependent upon the provinces from senior appointments to the request for more resources or permission to increase taxes
and rates.
The budgets of the local governments were also to be approved by the provincial governments. It would not be unfair to say that the provinces used to
control the local governments
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Essay On Texas Local Government
Chapter ten focuses on Texas' local government and why it is such a huge deal. The local government is closer and highly responsive to citizens than
the state and the federal government. They provide water, public education, and other services. Over the years, Texas is rapidly becoming more diverse
which creates a greater demand for more representation in the local government. The top five cities have diverse city councils. It does make a difference
when a city's council does not reflect the city's population. San Antonio's city council best reflects the racial/ethnic composition of its population. Sadly,
Houston's council diverges the most from its city's racial/ethnic composition. They have five members of the council who are white, but the largest race
in their population are Latinos (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas 339). I do think it is crucial for the city councils to reflect the racial/ethnic
composition of their communities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Special districts are popping up all over. Texas has a lot of special districts because they are easy to organize and operate. Special districts solve
problems that already exist in the government. They can serve one county or multiple counties. Districts almost do anything you can think of, as long
as it is legal (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas 344). They provide public services like sanitation, ambulance services, and hospital care (Siegel). I feel
like cities and counties shouldn't do the jobs that special districts do even though they both exercise the same powers. Special districts are more
hands–on and tailored to their counties. Every county has different concerns and needs. Cities and counties do not do the jobs that special districts do
because taxes make it harder for them to provide services citizens want. The amount differs and for each county. Property taxes and user fees are the
main source of revenue for special districts (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government And Public Government
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state.
The term is used to contrast with offices at state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or (where appropriate)
federal government and also to supranational government which deals with governing institutions between states. Local governments generally act
within powers delegated to them by legislation or directives of the higher level of government. In federal states, local government generally comprises
the third (or sometimes fourth) tier of government, whereas in unitary states, local government usually occupies the second or third tier of government,
often with greater powers than higher–level administrative divisions.
The System of Local Government is not a new system but existing before the independence of Pakistan, when the Indian sub–continent was under
British rule, after the independence of Pakistan this system existed in Pakistan with different names and terminologies. Today 's states are too vast in
territory, having huge population, so it has become very much difficult for Central or Provincial governments to administer them effectively, in this
connection, for this purpose, those provinces are further divided into Districts, Districts are further divided into Talukas and Talukas are further divided
into Union Councils for effective management and services
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Pol319 State And Local Government Case Study
Joshua Dillard
Governments
POL319
State & Local Government
Antonio Quiante
09/21/2014
Government
State and Local governments are micro governments of the bigger Federal government, each unique to its own way of life and people living in that state
. The governments are structure much like our federal government. With a person in charge, be it the mayor or governor, and a chain of command
down the list. All helping to run the State. Each state is unique with laws and standards, and each has its own different judicial standards. Some have
there own versions of Supreme Court that dictate laws for the state. All these things I will be looking at and analyzing in three different states. First
state and case study will be the government of California. California is one of the biggest states in the U.S. It has 58 counties, 480 cities, nearly 3,400
Special Districts and over 1000 K–12 and Community College Districts just in the state. California even through with ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On top of this, some other key differences to the state. The Lieutenant governor, the attorney general, the controller, secretary of state, the
superintendent of education and treasurer are all elected by the voters of the state. Another key feature of government for California is the initiative,
which is a proposal for a new law. Any citizen of California can help make laws, if enough people sign a petition or written request then the
proposals would become a proposition and they are added to the ballot to be voted on, it currently takes more than 900,000 signatures to bring an
initiative or a referendum before the voters. On the flip side of this though they also have the referendum, which allows the citizens to vote for or
against a law that the state assembly has passed (California's Direct Democracy.
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Self Government
Introduction
Local government institutions have always existed in India in one form or another since ancient times. The present form of urban local government
owes its genesis to the British rule. The initiation began with Samuel Laing, member of the Viceroy's Council, in the Budget Speech (1861–62)
proposing that local services should be based on local resources. Lord Mayo's Resolution of 1870 introduced the concept of elected representatives in
the municipalities. Lord Ripon is considered the founding father of urban local government as he implanted the concept of municipal authorities as units
of self–government. His Resolution of 18 May 1882 on local self–government dealt with the constitution of local bodies, their functions, finances ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The government had a direct link with the peasants instead of the feudatories. The Chola kings had adopted the Yuvaraja during king`s rule. The
orders of the kings were written and copies of it would be sent to respective departments and officers. The royal priest was the reliable advisor of the
King.
Development of local self government was one of the most striking features of administration of the Chola dynasty. The villages were given
autonomy despite centralised system of governance. The Chola officials acted as advisors to village assemblies and there was no interference in
daily administration. Thus there was continuity in village administration despite political upheavals. The general assembly was classified into tax
paying villagers, Brahmins and traders. The central government officers examined accounts and supervised the work of the tax paying villagers. The
village assemblies received gifts from rich men or from king for developmental activities. The feudatories were unable to impede in the village
management. Their job was very clerical in the sense it was a mere collection of taxes and passing the share to the King.
Elaborate and complicated mechanisms are the attributes of Chola administration. Administration under the Chola dynasty was systematically
conducted. Autonomy along with centralization was moderately followed in each and every level. Revenue, justice, governance and military were
given prior
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Comparing The Local Government And The Power Of Government
Local government is the most basic government, mainly help citizens to make decisions on local financial issues, educational issues and social services
пј€
ењ°зђѓ 182пј‰.Despite the wide range of local government functions, in all power, the right in tax policy is relatively important. There are many
similarities between the local governments of European countries; however the decision–making organizations in modern Europe are still quite
different. (地球书 172йЎµ). There are two different, but linked, decentralized decision–making mode. One is federal, the other is unitary (ibid).The
powers in unitary system is highly centralized, and the powers of federal states are decentralized ( ).Appropriate tax policies can promote economic
growth and prosperity, on the contrary, inappropriate tax policies will increase the gap between rich and poor, is not conducive to the national
economy.(xinzhaode )
This paper will focus on the power of local governments on taxation. Take the French, Germany,Sweden and Hungary tax systems as examples, divided
into two groups in turn to compare the taxation power of their local governments. In contrast, local governments in France and Hungary, two unitary
countries, have greater autonomy in choosing tax standards. Local governments in Germany and Sweden, two federal states, and local governments
have limited decision–making capacity, mainly using state–mandated tax standards
French local governments have a role in promoting taxation, and the competition
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government And Community Service
Lance Armstrong once said, "Knowledge is power, community is strength, and attitude is everything." Being active in your own community isn't just
donating money or cleaning up one's neighborhood, it can be attending local events sponsored by local organizations or government, or even attending
the meetings that plan those events. For Example, attending a local holiday event in one's community or a city council meeting where they make
choices that potentially affect everyday life. After personally attending and participating in a holiday event, a school activity and lastly two city council
meetings, I have gained insight on the importance on participation in local government and community service. I definitely enjoyed helping out at my
school with a fellow peer at a volleyball game. Back in the fall, a friend and I worked the scoreboard at the game. I am on the volleyball team and I
now know that I do take for granted the people, the refs, and those who work the scoreboard or provide us food at our games. I learned more about
what the work the volunteers go through, the stress of all the peers, students and parents waiting on you to make a bad call or mess up the score.
Feeling that pressure has definitely made me appreciate the extraordinary citizens who volunteer to do that work for my school. In addition to
attending a volleyball game I also participated in carnival game night at my church. I helped the young children learn how to play games and watched
them as
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Relationship Between State and Local Government Essay
Forms of Local Government
The basis for county, city and special district governing and authority are laid out in the State Constitution and Government Code. Counties in
California are responsible for providing limited services to unincorporated areas. The state Legislature created the Local Agency Formation
Commission (LAFCO) in 1963 to control local government fragmentation. The Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) gives counties the
power to tax, create special districts and annex unincorporated land to cities in the county (League of Women Voters, 1992).
There are three classes of county government. The main differences are in the organization and selection of governing bodies and officers. General
Law counties elect ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Municipalities may also provide parks, public housing, and various utility services. Cities are required to develop a general plan, environmental
reports and review of their capital improvements program (League of California Cities, n.d.). Charter municipalities may have increased powers,
requiring a vote for adoption and amendment. Incorporated cities and towns have the power to levy taxes. Special districts provide focused service.
They only serve specific designated areas and provide only one service. That service is a public service or program constitutes want. While county
and city service are mandated by federal and state government, special districts provide what the public wants. Local agency loss of property tax
revenue and competition for existing revenue leaves fewer dollars for services. Residents and landowners can form a district to pay for an increased
level of service or other services they desire. Local citizens can receive services at the price they are willing to pay (League of Women Voters, 1992).
Special districts are not state government. They are accountable to the voters. State government does look over financial reports and requires state law
be followed for public meetings, bonded debt, record keeping and elections. They provide public services and infrastructure that help communities but
not direct economic development (CSDA, n.d.).
Intergovernmental Cooperation
The local government must work within the state and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Impact Of Local Government On Local Government
Local government is an administrative body for a small area such as a city,town county or state.The local government will typically only have control
over their specific area.
The main aim of local government is to provide a system under which councils perform the functions and exercise the powers conferred by or under
this Act and any other Act for the peace, order and goodgovernment of their municipal districts.
The impacts of this on HG Walter will be that employees will have to pay to park.
This will impact HG Walter in a bad way this is because the staff will have to pay to park. Which would affect them because their employees may not
want to work in a place where there will have pay to park.
By the government implementing that HG Walters have to have parking meters will impact the public in managing their parking times.
Regional government is a government entity that only has control on their specific small area.
National government is the government or political authority that controls a nation.
The main aim of the national government is to have a stable security they also aim to enforce laws for the nation.
European government makes laws that affect all the countries in the EU.The EU government are concerned about the environmental issues as well as
other areas.
The main aim of the European government is to establish European citizenship they also aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods and
services.
The impacts of this on HG Walter will be that
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Types Of Local Governments From The United States
Module 6: Institutions of Local Government Jim McGrath Bowling Green State University Abstract Describe some of the different types of local
governments found in the United States. Why are there so many local governments in the United States Are some types more effective than other
types? According to the text, why is the idea of Regionalism a good one? Is Dillon's rule a good idea? Why or Why not? INSTITUTIONS OF
LOCAL GOVERNEMT All states institute actions by which local governments are produced, through their laws or constitutions. (Zimmerman 1983)
Most are created through state statutes, allowing citizens in a geographic area who require local services; others are created by state action – called
charters. The U.S. Census Bureau developed two classifications for local government, General Purpose and Special Purpose. General Purpose local
governments are identified as counties, municipalities, and townships. Special Purpose Governments include special districts and school districts.
–Counties – (US Census n.d.) Organized local governments authorized in state constitutions and statutes, providing general government. 3031counties
in 48 states utilize county governments (excludes CT. RI. and DC.) Louisiana uses the term "Parish" and Alaska uses the term "Borough". Primary
concerns for service delivery are inconsistent from county to county, as well as the size and number. Generally they have more mandates, less
discretionary funds, and more are
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The Thoeries of Local Government in Nigeria.
Abstract
Rural development of the grassroots has been the concern of every responsible and responsive political system. This is because development and
participation have continued to elude people of the grassroots. Development remains insignificant if it does not positively affect the lives of those in
the periphery of decision making arrangement. The Nigerian state therefore created local government as the third tier of government whose objective is
to ensure effective, measurable and efficient service delivery to the people. Local government is faced with various difficulties. The major concern of
this paper is to dwell on these difficulties and illuminates the factors that are responsible for them. In achieving this, the paper relies ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
A local government is expected to play the role of promoting the democratic ideals of a society and co–ordinating development programme at the local
level. It is also expected to serve as the basis of socio–economic development in the locality.
Observations have shown that local government in Nigeria has not performed to expectation. Keen observers have since adduced various propositions
for explaining the reasons why the system has recorded abysmal level of inefficiency and ineffectiveness vis–Г –vis justification for its establishment.
But before reading into the problems of local government, we shall first attempt to illuminate the historical background of local government in order to
have adequate grasp of its future and achieve deeper understanding of salient issues raised in this paper.
Brief Historical Background of Local government System in Nigeria
Regardless of nomenclature, local government is a creation of British colonial rule in Nigeria. It has overtime experienced change in name, structure
and composition. Between 1930s and 1940s, for instance, local government was known as chief–in–council and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Union Parishad : The Lowest Tier Of The Local Government
Union Parishad (UP)
The Union Parishad is the lowest tier of the local government unit. It is the entry level of the people's political participation. The Union Parishad
constituted under the Local Government (Union Parishads) Ordinance, 1983. It should be consisting twelve members, including three women
members from reserving seats and on chairman. According to the Local Government Ordinance, 1983– the members and the chairman should be elected
through direct election, based on adult franchise (Talukder, 2009). The functions of Union Parishad are categorized into different categories including,
civic duties, revenue collection and administrative functions, development functions, judicial functions and transferred the functions (Moin, 2011).
Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the paper are given below:
1) To present the existing status of women in the lowest tier of the local government in the Union Parishad.
2) To find out the obstacles behind the lower representative status of women in the Union Parishad.
3) To propose actions to raise the participation of women in the Union Parishad of Bangladesh.
Methodology
This study is ultimately done on the basis of the analyzing the information collected from different secondary sources, i.e. published books, journals,
reports, government publications and newspapers. Some information also got from the browsing of the internet.
Progression of Local Government in Bangladesh
Local Government (LG), the history of this part of the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government and Local Safeguarding Board
Abbreviations CRB Criminal Records Bureau CAF Common Assessment Framework DCSF Department for Children, Schools and Families DFES the
Department for Education and Skills ECM Every Child Matters ISA Independent Safeguarding Authority Introduction In this assignment I will
underpin how the multi agency team can help safeguarding children's rights linking in to practise, with past, present and future legislation including
policies and procedures which have protected children and families and also safeguarding incidents that have changed our practice. The assignment will
discuss safeguarding across the board from settings, local and national policies and procedures, what they... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To keep the children and adults safe all most all settings have a statement for the security of the building, (appendices 2) the policy and the
procedure is in place to protect children and adults they are followed and updated regularly when new staff or changes in the building have
occurred such as security systems to the doors and even ID badges. The local council have a corporate whistle blowing procedure which my
setting adhere to. This is a 7 page document (appendices 3) which underpins the procedure, the aims and explanations in to whistle blowing. Also
how to raise your concerns what support you will receive and the procedure also links to other procedures. This is an important document which in
our setting is undergoing some changes from recent issues with the Vanessa George case. This is supported by Gaunt, (2009) which states "An
early year's expert has warned of the need for early years settings to have an effective whistle blowing policy in place, in light of the high profile
court case of paedophile Vanessa George". This has a large impact on settings and on practitioners as they may feel vulnerable and fear that parents
may lose their trust in the setting and practitioners. All policies and procedures are available for parents/carers and practitioners to read and address
any concerns they have most settings sign post the policies and procedures to the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Methods And Results Of Local Government 's Performance...
RESEARCH METHOD
Approach.
This chapter discusses the methodology of the thesis. As mentioned, this thesis mainly uses qualitative data collected via literature and document
review, and semi–structured interviews to answer the research questions. This is because the qualitative approach is more suitable to "provide a great
deal of descriptive details...emphasizes on process...[and] is concerned with explanations" (Bryman, 2004, pp. 280–281), which is essential to examine
the process and results of local government's performance measurement.
Focus and Locus.
This research is focused on answering and identifying the problems involved in the research questions. The relationship between the research questions
and supporting methods, which are later explained in detail, is illustrated as follows:
Indonesia is currently a democratic country with three tiers of government: central government; provincial government; and local government. At the
lower level, there are 34 provinces and 508 (as of 2014) local governments. There are two types of local government across Indonesia: 1) Kabupaten
(district), and 2) Kota (city). In the past (before Reformasi), provincial and local governments were simply an extension of the central government at
the regional and local level. Government policies and programs were determined by central government. As the result, the Gubernur (Head of Province)
and the Bupati/Walikota (Head of Kabupaten/Kota), directly appointed by the president, were
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government In Australia
Background of Australian Government In Australia's Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), the Commonwealth has responsibility for social
security while state governments have primary responsibility for education (Press & Hayes, 2000). Thus, policy and funding matters related to
different forms of ECEC services rest with different tiers of government (Press & Hayes, 2000). There is the local government, which is established
and regulated by State and Territory parliaments (Press & Hayes, 2000). Australia has about 750 local government councils responsible for town
planning, roads, streets and bridges, waste and sanitation services and community recreation facilities. Many, though not all, local governments in
Australia are involved in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the 1940s and 1950s preschools, as they became known, began to emerge in middle class suburbs and were often managed by local
parents. During the 1960s and 1970s, some State Governments became involved in the provision of preschool services. In both Victoria and New
South Wales preschool provision remained largely in the hands of voluntary agencies (Brennan, 1998). Although preschool provision and operation
were widespread, preschools largely failed to meet the needs of working mothers. A strong push for the provision of child care services to support
working women developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. A feminist advocacy for women's rights seek in paid employment and researches on the
number of children left without adequate supervision because of their parents' need to work, and the needs of industry for access to women's labour
became a powerful impetus for governments to take child care provision seriously (Press & Hayes, 2000). As a result, the Commonwealth Minister for
Labour and National Service introduced the Child Care Act 1972, which commenced Commonwealth involvement in the funding of child care
programs beyond the Lady Gowrie Centres. From 1983 to 1990 child care provision was regarded as part of the social wage under the Commonwealth
Labor Government where government–provided benefits and services (Press & Hayes, 2000). In 1990 the Commonwealth Labor Government extended
the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
The State and Local Government of the City of Melbourne Essay
The State and Local Government of the City of Melbourne
The City of Melbourne which has a population of about 71,382 is operated under the
Council–Manager form of government also known as the City–Manager plan (City of
Melbourne, "About Melbourne"). The Council–Manager form of government was developed in 1908, and today is the most prominent form of local
government in the
United States. Over 3,000 governments operate under the Council–Manager form of government. The Council–Manager form of government is
especially popular in
California, where about 98% or the cities use it (Burns, 190). The Melbourne City
Council performs the legislative functions of the city: establishing laws and policies. It is comprised of six ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The City Council meets on the second and fourth Tuesdays of the month at 7:30 p.m. in the City Hall Council Chamber.
Most of the power of the City Council is localized in the elected council as a whole, which they then hire a professionally trained manager to oversee
and ensure the delivery of public services. The City Council members try to concentrate on policy issues that are responsive to those throughout the
community. The City Council also focuses on the communities goals, projects throughout the city, and some long term factors such as community
growth, land development and many other factors that could be affected by past policies or ordinances. The City Council members affect policy in
the city by helping to make decisions on what would be good for the city as a whole, and trying to protect everyone's rights and wishes at the same
time. The Mayor in Council–Manager communities plays a key role . The mayor is responsible for sharing views of the city's citizens, forming
policies and interpreting them to the public, he or she is also a ceremonial leader. The mayor shows up at council meetings to assist the council in
setting goals, advocating policy decisions, and to better serve his or her community. The typical mayor is a college graduate, 40 to 50 years old, has
political experience, and is usually a business or legal professional. Most mayors are male but more recently
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Discuss the Proposition That Local Authorities Are Better...
Name: SAMUEL Student Number: AKERA Course: MSc in Risk, Crisis and Disaster Management Essay Title: Discuss the proposition that local
authorities are better placed to respond to crises and disasters than central government Introduction Both the local authorities and central government
have roles and responsibilities in responding to crises and disaster situations. However, several catastrophic crises and disaster events over the past
decades have casted doubts on the effectiveness of central governments in responding to crises and disaster situations. As such, some scholars and...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In his book, "What is a disaster?" Quarantelli asked five researchers with different social science background (Gilbert, Dombrowsky, Kreps, Porfiriev
and Horlick–Jones) to define the term disaster. Unsurprisingly, all the scholars defined disasters differently (Rosenthal, 1998). For instance, Kreps
defined disasters as: "non–routine events in societies or their larger subsystems (e.g. regions, communities) that involve social disruption or physical
harm" (Kreps, 1998:34). A classical definition of disaster was coined in 1961 by a U.S pioneer of disaster research, Fritz: Actual or threatened
accidental or uncontrollable events that are concentrated in time and space, in which a society, or a relatively self–sufficient sub–division of a society
undergoes severe danger, and incurs such losses to its members and physical appurtenances that the social structure is disrupted and the fulfillment of
all or some of the essential functions of the society, or its sub–division is prevented Fritz [1961:655] quoted in Fischer, 1989:2–3). According to some
scholars, Fritz's definition of disaster has stood the test of time very well (Kreps 1988). Nonetheless, whatever the classic definition of crises and
disaster, they are bound to vary substantially in the foreign dictionaries reflecting for the particular country and the specifics of the culture and the
language of each nation (Porfiriev, 1998). However, for the purposes of convenience, the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Government And Public Policy In The Public And Local...
Public policy is created by addressing complicated issues which affect communities. Public policy requires a collaboration of ideas with purposes and
the means of achieving them. Society plays an important role in policymaking and utilization, which improves implementation not only in the public
sector but also in the private sector (Peters, 2016). Government agencies at all levels can manage and support policies.
A reported by Professor Donald F. Kettl (2014) described local zoning officials in Oso, Washington did not inform people of the potential risk of
building their homes on the hillside. Also, federal, state, and local officials did not share information well enough, so that decision makers were not
aware of the risks involved (Kettl,2014). The inadequate communication and collaboration between the levels of government resulted in lack of
resources for tragedy stricken communities. For instance, local nonprofit agencies offered more aid than federal, state, and local governments and
national organizations.
The mudslide tragedy of Oso, Washington buried many homes and 44 people lost their lives. Natural disasters are incidents that affect the population
by causing physical and emotional damages, loss of life, property damages, and sometimes emphasizes the failure of public administrative processes
(Donahue & Tuohy,2006, p.5). Thefederal government knows more about the risks, but they do not have power to act (Kettl,2014, p.3). Also, local
governments have the power
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Modern Federal, State, And Local Governments
Modern federal, state, and local governments must deal with changes in technology and changes in society and culture. One emerging technology is the
proliferation of drone technology in the hands of private citizens. Christ Pritchard, writing in Journal Of The Australian & New Zealand Institute Of
Insurance & Finance, suggests that "[c]urrent usage patterns show it's a safe bet that drones are destined to play an increasingly important role in
business relationships" (Pritchard, 2015). Once solely in the hands of professional organizations and government activities, drone technology is now
more available to hobbyists and casual users.
The role of local government, and by extension public administrators, is always under review by its citizens. Because the job of government is to
"legislate and make decisions in areas over which they have legislative authority" (VMA, 2012) and to develop and implement policy, local
governments must be able to react to emerging technologies and provide a safe environment for its citizens.
Drones Here and Now In January 2014, the done technology was still emerging as a high–dollar endeavor for government agencies and wealthy
hobbyists. Two years later, an advanced drone can be purchased online with overnight delivery from hundreds of different websites. In 2014,
Governing Magazine wrote that "the use of drones is allowed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on a case
–by–case basis, largely for public
and research use by law enforcement
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Democracy Becomes A Way : Local Governments As...
DEMOCRACY FINDS A WAY
Local Governments as Laboratories of Democracy
1.Introduction
In 1988, toward the end of his presidency, Ronald Reagan reminded a group of governors gathered at the White House that "part of federalism is
recognizing that the States are laboratories of democracy." (Reagan 2013, 235). It is a phrase that is often used. It can be attributed to Justice
Brandeis, who in his dissent in the case of New State Ice Co. V. Liebmann wrote:
To stay [meaning to judicially prohibit] experimentation in things social and economic is a grave responsibility. Denial of the right to experiment may
be fraught with serious consequences to the nation. It is one of the happy incidents of the federal system that a single courageous state may, if its
citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country.
(New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann 1932, 386–387).
Brandeis strongly supported federalism and in particular the prerogatives of state and local government (Tarr 2001). He supported them because he
believed that the tendency towards centralization did not necessarily lead to efficiency or improved outcomes (Tarr 2001). Likewise Reagan's "New
Federalism" advocated an expanded role for states and sought to encourage them to innovate solutions on their own rather than waiting for Washington
to hand them the answers (Lester 1986). But others would argue that centralization is necessary, a view reflected in
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Local Government Speech
I.Pray for Local Government
Father, I place a prayer covering over Mayor Allison Silberberg and Councilman Paul Smedberg and all local leaders in Alexandria City and give
them strategies to provide righteous, wise leadership that blesses our region and nation (Proverbs 29:2). May they provide righteous leadership and
give them revelatory insights to inspire generations to make a difference in their city. Awaken their hearts to reflect as a model of a Christ
–centric
leader in this set time and give them passion to serve. In Jesus name, Amen.
II.Pray for Local Schools
Father, I'm interceding on the behalf of Christopher J. Lewis, Daria Dillard and I ask you to strengthen their leadership and ignite great discernment to
them and as well other school board members; Principal Jessica Hillery and Assistant Principal Robert Bowes as they launch new strategies that
empower the next generation to excel in all their academic tasks. May you grant them wisdom and insight to execute your plans and purposes (II
Timothy 2:15) and give them insight and wisdom to handle any adverse situation they face. Amen.
III.Pray for Local Neighborhood
Father, I announce Jesus is Lord over Alexandria City,its suburbs and denounce every stronghold that rests on the people (residents, visitors, etc.) minds
and every deceptive thought, influence and initiative the enemy has, or plan to advance in this region is eradicated in Jesus name. I ask that you fill
this city with your presence and touch
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

More Related Content

Similar to Essay On The Role Of Local Governments In The Global Economy

Political science part viii
Political science part viiiPolitical science part viii
Political science part viiiAlona Salva
 
Pillars Of Representativeness
Pillars Of RepresentativenessPillars Of Representativeness
Pillars Of RepresentativenessMonique Jones
 
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...Alexander Decker
 
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docx
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docxpeer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docx
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docxbartholomeocoombs
 
Evolution Of Public Administration Approaches
Evolution Of Public Administration ApproachesEvolution Of Public Administration Approaches
Evolution Of Public Administration ApproachesTiffany Surratt
 
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good Governance
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good GovernanceImportance of Local Government in Democracy and Good Governance
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good GovernanceBilal yousaf
 
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptxBhim Joshi
 
Urban Public Finance / Local Public Finance
Urban Public Finance / Local Public FinanceUrban Public Finance / Local Public Finance
Urban Public Finance / Local Public FinanceRavikant Joshi
 

Similar to Essay On The Role Of Local Governments In The Global Economy (10)

Political science part viii
Political science part viiiPolitical science part viii
Political science part viii
 
Pillars Of Representativeness
Pillars Of RepresentativenessPillars Of Representativeness
Pillars Of Representativeness
 
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...
Role of local institutions in improving human resources at government system ...
 
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docx
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docxpeer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docx
peer1Certainly, public administrators have contributed to the .docx
 
Evolution Of Public Administration Approaches
Evolution Of Public Administration ApproachesEvolution Of Public Administration Approaches
Evolution Of Public Administration Approaches
 
Assessing local governance
 Assessing local governance  Assessing local governance
Assessing local governance
 
Role of Elite in Social Development
Role of Elite in Social DevelopmentRole of Elite in Social Development
Role of Elite in Social Development
 
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good Governance
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good GovernanceImportance of Local Government in Democracy and Good Governance
Importance of Local Government in Democracy and Good Governance
 
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx
1.1 Changing Perspectives of local self governance.pptx
 
Urban Public Finance / Local Public Finance
Urban Public Finance / Local Public FinanceUrban Public Finance / Local Public Finance
Urban Public Finance / Local Public Finance
 

More from Catherine Coleman

Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.
Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.
Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory Paragraph
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory ParagraphUnit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory Paragraph
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory ParagraphCatherine Coleman
 
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My Pare
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My PareShort Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My Pare
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My PareCatherine Coleman
 
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - Thesis
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - ThesisExample Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - Thesis
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - ThesisCatherine Coleman
 
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UK
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UKLuxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UK
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UKCatherine Coleman
 
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission Process
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission ProcessHow To Write Summary Of Article Submission Process
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission ProcessCatherine Coleman
 
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your Co
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your CoHow The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your Co
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your CoCatherine Coleman
 
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Discover Dissertation Literature Review Outline
Discover Dissertation Literature Review OutlineDiscover Dissertation Literature Review Outline
Discover Dissertation Literature Review OutlineCatherine Coleman
 
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By Hol
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By HolFarm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By Hol
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By HolCatherine Coleman
 
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - Quora
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - QuoraHow To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - Quora
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - QuoraCatherine Coleman
 
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.Catherine Coleman
 
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 Steps
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 StepsHow To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 Steps
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 StepsCatherine Coleman
 
Editable 003 Project Management Executive Su
Editable 003 Project Management Executive SuEditable 003 Project Management Executive Su
Editable 003 Project Management Executive SuCatherine Coleman
 
Evaluation Paper. Evaluation Paper Example. News In
Evaluation Paper.  Evaluation Paper Example. News  InEvaluation Paper.  Evaluation Paper Example. News  In
Evaluation Paper. Evaluation Paper Example. News InCatherine Coleman
 

More from Catherine Coleman (20)

Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.
Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.
Sample Apa Essay Paper General Format. Online assignment writing service.
 
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.
Buy 10 JW Letter Papers Purple Floral. Online assignment writing service.
 
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory Paragraph
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory ParagraphUnit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory Paragraph
Unit 4 Example Introductory Paragraphs Introductory Paragraph
 
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My Pare
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My PareShort Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My Pare
Short Essay On My Parents 10 Lines Essay On My Pare
 
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - Thesis
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - ThesisExample Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - Thesis
Example Of Thesis Statement For Compare And Contrast Essay - Thesis
 
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UK
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UKLuxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UK
Luxury Personalised Letter Writing Set Pretty Delicate - Etsy UK
 
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission Process
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission ProcessHow To Write Summary Of Article Submission Process
How To Write Summary Of Article Submission Process
 
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.
Antique Typewriter Aged Paper Sheet. Online assignment writing service.
 
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your Co
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your CoHow The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your Co
How The Writing Process Helps To Improve Your Co
 
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.
Guidelines To Buy Custom Essays O. Online assignment writing service.
 
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.
Definition Essay Academic Student. Online assignment writing service.
 
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.
Essay Exam Questions Examples. Online assignment writing service.
 
Discover Dissertation Literature Review Outline
Discover Dissertation Literature Review OutlineDiscover Dissertation Literature Review Outline
Discover Dissertation Literature Review Outline
 
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.
Write In Rain Paper - Home. Online assignment writing service.
 
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By Hol
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By HolFarm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By Hol
Farm Themed Writing Paper Perfect For Farm Unit By Hol
 
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - Quora
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - QuoraHow To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - Quora
How To Write A Cause And Effect In An Essay - Quora
 
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.
How To Write Report On Resear. Online assignment writing service.
 
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 Steps
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 StepsHow To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 Steps
How To Movie. How To Rent Amazon Movies 10 Steps
 
Editable 003 Project Management Executive Su
Editable 003 Project Management Executive SuEditable 003 Project Management Executive Su
Editable 003 Project Management Executive Su
 
Evaluation Paper. Evaluation Paper Example. News In
Evaluation Paper.  Evaluation Paper Example. News  InEvaluation Paper.  Evaluation Paper Example. News  In
Evaluation Paper. Evaluation Paper Example. News In
 

Recently uploaded

Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptxCapitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptxCapitolTechU
 
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxIntroduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxpboyjonauth
 
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...Marc Dusseiller Dusjagr
 
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupMARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupJonathanParaisoCruz
 
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdfLike-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdfMr Bounab Samir
 
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptxEmployee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptxNirmalaLoungPoorunde1
 
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...Jisc
 
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersDATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersSabitha Banu
 
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...JhezDiaz1
 
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdf
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdfEnzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdf
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdfSumit Tiwari
 
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptxEPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptxRaymartEstabillo3
 
Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Organic Name Reactions  for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptxOrganic Name Reactions  for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptxVS Mahajan Coaching Centre
 
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher EducationIntroduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Educationpboyjonauth
 
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxHow to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxmanuelaromero2013
 
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdfssuser54595a
 
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptxProudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptxthorishapillay1
 
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of management
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of managementHierarchy of management that covers different levels of management
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of managementmkooblal
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Model Call Girl in Bikash Puri Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Bikash Puri  Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝Model Call Girl in Bikash Puri  Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Bikash Puri Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
 
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptxCapitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
Capitol Tech U Doctoral Presentation - April 2024.pptx
 
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptxIntroduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
Introduction to AI in Higher Education_draft.pptx
 
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
 
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized GroupMARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
MARGINALIZATION (Different learners in Marginalized Group
 
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdfLike-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
Like-prefer-love -hate+verb+ing & silent letters & citizenship text.pdf
 
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptxEmployee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
Employee wellbeing at the workplace.pptx
 
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
Procuring digital preservation CAN be quick and painless with our new dynamic...
 
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginnersDATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
DATA STRUCTURE AND ALGORITHM for beginners
 
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
Computed Fields and api Depends in the Odoo 17
 
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
ENGLISH 7_Q4_LESSON 2_ Employing a Variety of Strategies for Effective Interp...
 
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
Model Call Girl in Tilak Nagar Delhi reach out to us at 🔝9953056974🔝
 
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdf
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdfEnzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdf
Enzyme, Pharmaceutical Aids, Miscellaneous Last Part of Chapter no 5th.pdf
 
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptxEPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
EPANDING THE CONTENT OF AN OUTLINE using notes.pptx
 
Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Organic Name Reactions  for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptxOrganic Name Reactions  for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
 
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher EducationIntroduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
Introduction to ArtificiaI Intelligence in Higher Education
 
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptxHow to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
How to Make a Pirate ship Primary Education.pptx
 
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
18-04-UA_REPORT_MEDIALITERAСY_INDEX-DM_23-1-final-eng.pdf
 
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptxProudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
Proudly South Africa powerpoint Thorisha.pptx
 
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of management
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of managementHierarchy of management that covers different levels of management
Hierarchy of management that covers different levels of management
 

Essay On The Role Of Local Governments In The Global Economy

  • 1. Essay on The Role of Local Governments in the Global Economy NOYO OSAGHAE 1/30/2012 I HAVE NEITHER GIVEN NOR RECEIVED, NOR HAVE I TOLERATED OTHERS' OF UNAUTHORIZED AID THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN A GLOBALIZED ECONOMY Recent developments in the global economy would seem to suggest that it is in the interest of states to be integrated into the global economy, although it is also obvious that most would like to do so in the most beneficial and equitable ways. The increase in the number of states seeking membership in the World Trade Organization is perhaps evidence enough that states, whether developed or underdeveloped, democratic or non–democratic, want to play a role in the World Liberal Order. The circumstances under which states are influenced to be integrated into the global economy... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... According to her "While globalization gives rise to global cooperation, global local tensions surface as localities adapt to economic, technological and societal changes brought about by this process". The method of adaption stated, is through the process of "Glocalization" which she defines as "a merging of global opportunities and local interests, aiming to create a more socio–economically balanced world, which calls for the accommodation of global perspectives to local conditions, as well as for a more pronounced role of local actors addressing global challenges". She further explains the function of Glocalization as "making cities key players in decentralized foreign policy, diplomacy, trade and inter–city projects forwarding social and economic development. This activity happens through the creation of coalitions where local governments serve as a balancing force to international private and public sector organizations in the framework of joint projects". This viewpoint emphasizes the importance of the reform of globalization to be spearheaded by local leaders as they are more sensitive to social and cultural needs and closer in proximity to citizens than their national counterparts. The author analyzes these local responses ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. Federal And Local Government Performance Looking closely to the federal and local governments, some federal departments and city departments provide quality services to the extent that people trust them more than the critics can understand. Surprisingly, some Americans trust certain federal departments than the federal government while at local government level, some people admire certain city programs than they like the city administration. According to Goodsell (2015), Ann Arbor–based company provided that in 2010 people showed that they trusted the federal government for its quality service delivery in some of its departments even though it declined afterward. At local government level. When measuring the federal government's productivity, The Federal Productivity Index ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... But the recent study of 2004–2005 found the opposite. They discovered that bus systems operated by municipal and county work more efficiently because managers can handle the incompatible pressures from different stakeholders (Goodsell, 2015). To some extent, government can save money through contracting out some of it functions to the private companies. Moreover, there is also an assumption that bureaucracy is growing larger day–by–day which weakens personal liberty. The size of growth fluctuates, but the number is increasing at both state and local governments and decreasing at the federal government. Strengths of bureaucracy More trained personnel than contract workers. It has more money to subsidize certain services when private companies that operated bus systems went out of business. Moreover, most changes are initiated by the bureaucrats not elected officials (Goodsell, 2015). Most celebrated innovations were facilitated by bureaucrats. These are signs of their strengths. Weakness of bureaucracy Some government programs are poorly designed programs and it takes government some time to rectify the system like the Office of Disability Adjudication and Review (ODAR) due to processing time which spiked at some stage. True or false stories about critics It is untrue that all bureaucrats are arrogant to their clients and want to control them. This is dispelled by the interviews that Goodsell ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. The Structural Drivers And Political Facilitators Of Local... Question 1. What is relationship between the structural drivers and political facilitators of local government bankruptcy? The main ingredient for a local government bankruptcy to happen is structural weaknesses in the systems and policies of the local government unit (LGU) coupled with political facilitators within the LGU. These weaknesses may refer to rules that are not being followed when issuing licenses or permits, say on building permit or excavation permit in order to favor a friend or a political ally. Poor financial management is another trigger for LGU bankruptcy when an elected official pressures the certain officers and staff in the unit in releasing funds to his/her ambitious project because election time is nearing. This can only be done with the cooperation or collusion of people within the bureaucracy because in return they may also get some paybacks from the elected official. The check–and–balance systems should be in place to prevent getting into the "red". There should be transparency. Periodic audits should be done by an independent party. Even when all mechanisms are present to make the bureaucracy function cleanly and effectively, if there is a political facilitator who comes from the top level of the bureaucracy, these good systems can be compromised with just a phone call or some marginal note from the high–ranking elected official. Rules will be circumvented, budgets can be siphoned off to favor a project or an ally of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. Characteristics And Features Of Local Government In India Characteristics / Features of Local Government There are some characteristics on which the system of local government is based which are as follows: 1) Local Area : Local governments is an important administrative division of a country that local government is responsible for looks this areas termed as a city , a town, a ward or a village. The local government takes care of the people. The group of people administrate of particular areas and it is run by an authority or any persons who are elected directly by the citizen staying within areas . The elected representative of the people are responsible for maintaining and managing of local affairs in particular places. The main goals of local government is to provide civic amenities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The local government are basic tissues to human body without its government would have no importance at all. 2)Local government provides training for upcoming leaders who later gaining experience in the administration and leaders try to it level best suppose politics and government rise at the local level and the national level. 3) The problems of local government which are emerging are not supposed to be solved by the Central and State governments but it solved by itself. There are many problems which occur at the local level and it is important to be solved locally .To be identified will all this things the government shall have to step down to the local in order to reduce the local problems in an effective manner. 4) Local bodies perform various function and it delivers civil services to the citizens. These civic services such as cleaning of street , garbage collection , drainage , infrastructure like water supply , power supply , fire service and health services etc. These are things which provide essential for healthy and comfortable ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5. Difference Between Local Government And Central Government пѓ INTRODUCTION: The system of governance in different countries of the world may be different in form and content as there are various types of political system , but the basic objective of all the government to provide batter and more efficient administration to all section of the population so that there hopes and aspiration are met. пѓ Local Government: Local Government is not a government system. It is merely public administration system that exists at the lowest level of the or country. Local government or local bodies acts according to the legislation and direction of the higher level of government or central government. Different countries have different form of local government. Such as a district, city township and village council. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Central government is the official face a country or state while local government is the lowest tier in the administration system. Central government is the name of a compete government while the Local government is in fact the name of public administration system. Central government makes the polices of all departments , institutes or provinces of the country and the Local government is the bound of the follow legislation and decision made by the higher level of government and central government. Local government work as helping tool of the central government and make it possible for the central government to worked efficiently at lower or local level. Matters relating to national security international affairs and diplomacy and economic decisions are decided by the central government while Local government is assigned to look after its specific town, district or division. Central government is policy maker while Local government carry on the policy and ensure its implementation. The main objective of Local government is to fulfill the political hopes and aspiration of the people at the lowest levels of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Local Governments In Texas In Texas local governments play a major role in the wellbeing and safety of its citizens. In each county of Texas there are an average of about 19 general purpose governments, that means that all the county general purpose local governments combined would be more than 4,800. In the United States of America all but two states have governmental units known as counties or parishes. County government is primarily a way of governing rural areas, because Texas is so vast, with huge areas that are sparsely populated, county government remains an important aspect of local government. County governments in rural areas do not actually have the ability to govern themselves, they act more as an extension of state government. Municipalities or ayuntamientos ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Law enforcement is another one of the important services that the county government must supply it citizens with. In Texas, the counties have control over law–enforcement budget, but it is often the sheriff who will decide how its spent. The person in charge of this job is usually a sheriff or constables. Every county in the state of Texas has a sheriff and a county court which belongs to said sheriff. Often times operating a county jail can be very expensive especially when the jail has a capacity of 13 and there's is only one single inmate in the entire facility. Traditionally in Texas the office of constable has been an elective office with limited duties. Some constables change their offices into full–fledged police departments. Some constables offices have traffic enforcement roles, some enforce truancy laws, and some even have formed heavily armed, tactical units that patrol high–crime areas like ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. Case Study Of White Paper On Local Government 4.2White Paper on Local Government According to the White Paper on Local Government, local authorities have the following responsibilities in terms of their obligation to economic development: в—ЏProvide marketing and investment support in order to attract potential support to their locality. в—ЏSmall business support services should be providing to assist small entrepreneurs. в—ЏTo provide targeted assistance to a particular sector in the local economy that has to potential to expand. в—ЏBy supplementing and tailoring to local need, the services provided by the Department of Labour in supply of training and placement services. This is necessary towards the end of assisting people in acquiring skills and funding jobs. 4.3The Local Government: Municipal Systems Act (2000) (Act 32 of 2000) The Municipal System Act (No. 32 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... в—ЏPromote and undertake development in the municipality. в—ЏPromote gender equity in the exercise of the municipality's executive and legislative authority. в—ЏPromote a safe and healthy environment in the municipality. в—ЏContribute, together with other organs of the state, to the progressive realisation of the fundamental rights contained in sections 24, 25, 26, 27 and 29 of the Constitution. LED is one of the most strategic tools through which local municipalities adhere to its duties, as prescribed by the Municipal Structures Act. This fact becomes even more applicable, once a municipality's LED strategy is functionally integrated with its Integrated Development Plan. Section 26(c) of the Local Government: Municipal System Act further specifies that the Integrated Development Plan of the local municipality must contain its LED aims. This awards the municipal LED strategy legal status as part of the Integrated Development Planning process. 5RECOGNISING PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES WITH REGARDS TO SOUTH AFRICA'S ECONOMIC PROGRESS SINCE
  • 8. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. Empowering The Local Government As A Local Community Nicole: That municipalities, mayors, and council members have the tools that they need to manage their constituents. So when I think about being the Mayor here in Manitou Springs and as unique as we feel we are, for example last night we discussed sexually oriented businesses and we are the only municipality in El Paso County with recreational marijuana, you know a variety of things that we have catered to our own municipality, I would love to be able to turn around on those steps and say that I have helped to create well rounded and broad policy for municipalities and local government at the smaller level to do exactly what they need for their specific unique community. Dustin: So empowering local government? Nicole: Yes. Dustin: That's awesome. Nicole: And you know yeah I mean really, and I'm just going to talk to sort of randomly right now. When I think about empowering local governments and I think about this current mayoral campaign and I think about some of the council members I have on my board and someone like Pete Lee who have their own agenda, not that not necessarily self–serving, although it may be, they're not coming from a place of thinking that it's self–serving, but they just have a tunnel vision for specific agenda, I don't have that. I don't necessarily want to unless it's essential for my job. For example, as I run for mayor again, the items that I'm talking about trying to address for the next two years have come up over the past two years as we've gone ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. Challenges for Urban Local Governments in India Asia Research Centre Working Paper 19 Challenges for Urban Local Governments in India Written by Rumi Aijaz Rumi Aijaz was Visiting Research Fellow at Asia Research Centre in 2006. E–mail: rumi_pvg@rediffmail.com A section of this working paper has been accepted for publication in a forthcoming issue of the Journal of Asian and African Studies, by Sage Publications Ltd. Copyright © Rumi Aijaz, 2007 All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of research or private study, or criticism or review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher nor be issued to the public... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... ! I E ! 8 & 7 ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ В¤ ВЈ % ) ВЈ В¤ ВҐ ( % ВЈ В§ ВЈ ВЈ ) В¤ ВЈ В¦ ВЈ $ # ВҐ В§ " ВҐ ! В¦ В¤ В§ В¤ В¦ ВЈ В§ ВҐ В¦ ВҐ ВЁ ( ВҐ B @ 0 9 % ВЈ 3 3 8 D 7 ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ ВЎ % ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. Local Government Fiscal Sustainability As A Common Pool... Local Government Fiscal Sustainability as a Common–Pool Resource Problem According to our text, people perceive government as a tool to maximize their own self–interest in the political economy model (Rosen & Gayer, 2014, p. 108). This commonly takes the form of public service programs, which is why fiscal sustainability is an essential factor in government operations, especially on the local level. It has turned out to be an immense challenge on every level due to fluctuating operating deficits, tax revenues, and demographics. These issues are similar to the tragedy of the commons, which occurs when several people try to obtain the largest profit from a common resource. As demand surpasses the supply of the resource, those who seek personal gain disregard society's well–being and other people are not able to experience the benefits ("Tragedy of the Commons"). The larger problem is that public expenditures are paid for by mostly everyone within a single jurisdiction, yet the benefits from government expenditures are focused on certain groups. This leads to each group craving a greater portion of the common revenue pool, however, if every group tries to increase their share then it would result in unnecessary public spending or economic crisis. This study by Tang, Callahan, and Pisano (2014) examines fiscal sustainability within local governments as a common–pool resource (CPR) problem by considering the political economy of monetary institutions, applying six ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. Economic Growth And Local Governments In pursuit of economic growth, local governments in American often encounter the institutional collective action dilemma due to fragmentation of authorities in governance systems and fierce competitions in the context of economic development. City governments have to cooperate with either their neighbor cities or other cities to encourage economic growth. This is because individual city government might be too smaller to reach economies of scale, so that companies might be reluctant to make the investment unless the size of operation could grow to a certain point. And also, some factors of production, such as water or electricity, might not be solely controlled by one city government; pollution problems caused in the process of manufacturing products might not be confronted by only one city government as well. In spite of potential benefits for collective actions, as many studies have indicated, coordination and defection cost would put intergovernmental collaboration at risk(Carr & Hawkins, 2013). Lack of central authority coordinate with local governments, conflicting goals is rarely to make them enter into mutual agreements. Even as they recognized accepted goals for joint actions, diverse means might be devised by each of them(Feiock, 2013). As city governments compete with each other to provide favorable development policies, their fiscal pressures build up and the probability of policy failure increases(Minkoff, 2013). Under this situation, individual actions taken by ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Local And Local Government Imagine the government controlling every aspect of life, not only in the political side of the spectrum but also on the social side as well. The thought could be passed by in the minds of most, as some sort of authoritarian state or a form of communism, however this is actually true in most governments including that of statewide and local government and its political agencies. As by definition, a government is, "The form or system of rule by which a state, community, etc., is governed."(Dictionary.com) and behind the lines of the contemporary thought, the government's main role is to control liberty and order which is contradictory in nature. On June 12, 2017 at 12:46 I was walking down the busy street of Westheimer with two of my friends to go get food at Sonic and I as I walked down the street I failed to realize just how many agencies and levels of local and State government I encountered which included, the Houston Department of Public Works and Engineering, TexasPublic Utility Commission, and the Texas commission on Environmental Quality. The Houston Department of Public Works and Engineering is the agency that deals with the upkeep and creation of Houston's infrastructure such as Roads, Bridges, Traffic signals,Fire hydrants and also the treatment of wastewaters. In connection with my stroll down Westheimer, this local agency is one that I encountered on a consist basis because the sidewalks that I walked on are kept up by this agency and not only that but also ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. Levels Of Government : Federal, State, And Local Government Federal, state, and local government establish the laws of how we carry on with our lives and influences the decisions that protect our future. We the people must hold the different levels of government accountable when those laws or influences are not withheld. The Constitution was written to protect those that may be treated unfairly and justly. There will be issues that every level of government will agree on, but it is up to the elected officials to represent those who do not have a voice. Hydro fracking is a complicated issue that should be tackled from the lower level of government to the higher level. Intergovernmental relationship The federal government consists of the executive, judicial and legislative branches set the laws of the land. The state level, which is between the middle level assumes the responsibilities of ensuring those laws applies to the communities within and acts as the liaison between the federal and local government. The local level which hears a greater amount of the voice of the general population is the lowest level. The different levels of government goals are to work as a system, appoint specialist, and to assign tasks to the lowest level to fulfill. Federal or state government provides oversight to higher tasks accomplished through the local government; it demonstrates the local government can handle the issue at hand. The combination of the levels of the governments combined with the public and private players gives you intergovernmental ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. Function Of Local Government Local government is an important topic to educate the young minds of today. This paper will outline the development, structure, and function of not only North Carolina government, but also that of the United States. These concepts will be analyzed to apply to teaching methods appropriate to an elementary age group. This paper, therefore, will address the essential standard of "Understand the development, structure, and function of local government". And clarifying objectives of summarizing the historical development of local governments, describe the structure of local government and how it functions to serve citizens, understand the three branches of government, with an emphasis on local government. The Local Government Act of 1989 tells of the official roles of local government of a community. This act states the elected councils have the right to the powers that are considered to ensure peace, order and good government of each municipal district. This act gives local government a vast range of power. An important concept mentioned in the statement above is that only elected councils have the right to show power within a community. This same act states that "It is necessary to ensure that the Councilors who comprise each Council are democratically elected by persons entitled to vote at municipal elections and that the council is responsible and accountable to the local community." This statement shows the overall role of local government in a community. The role of local ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. The Importance Of Local Government What is local government and how does something much smaller than the bigger picture have an more immense impact on individual's lives? Local government is the administration, of a district, state, or county, in which the citizen elects the officials corresponding to their particular area. Local government is essential throughout America. It entitles people the right to have a say in what is going on in their community, on a governmental stance. Local government, moreover, establishes and enforce local laws. Local government, furthermore, is responsible for establishing and delivering a range of quality to their community. Local government sets the direction in which they want to see their region going in. Local government uses a long–term plan in which they set: financial plans, council plans, municipal strategic statement, and other strategic tactics. With the use of the tactics, they determine how they want their region to progress. People should be concerned about their local government because it allows them to have a say in what happens in their community, and it makes local laws which directly affect the people in their region. As previously stated, local government entitles people the right to have a say in their local government. How would you feel if you had no say in what is happening in your community? Local government gives individuals the capability to say what should happen in their community. It gives people that "fail–safe" that they have the ability to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. Function Of Local Government Ayer | 4 Priyanka Ayer Professor Sharifian Govt 2306 18th Nov 2017 Three Committee I would Govern "The care of human life and happiness and not their destruction is the only legitimate object of good government."(Thomas Jefferson). A good government take care of their citizen and provide better service and life so that they can be happy. To function government properly, the branches of government should function properly. The Federal government depends upon the State and the State depend upon the local government. Local government are the ones who have the authority to work on the grassroots level as they are more connected to the local people and they are the ones who knows what can be done to make people happy. To properly function the local government, law making bodies and committees are formed. These committees are more connected to people in their region and there are several committees who work for the problem of the society. As I see in the State of Texas where I live, there are three most problems we face in daily life. First, the problem of Transportation where even the biggest city as Dallas that has so many highways but yet the public transpiration which is worse than other cities and county. Second is the poverty rate, the poverty rate of Texas is 17.6% and the Dallas city poverty rate is 30% which is very high. Similarly, Dallas crime rate which has rose by 30% in 2016. So, to solve these problems, I would like to work in there Texas committees of the House and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18. Operation Of Local Government Transparency Operation of local government transparency in South Sulawesi province A. Jamaluddin STISIP Muhammadiyah Sinjai Abstract Transparency in South Sulawesi Provincial Government has been applied in efforts to achieve good governance. The problems of this research are; (1) how to transparency in local governance, (2) what factors inhibiting transparency in local governance, and (3) what is the right strategy is used in implementing the transparency of the regional administration. This study aims to: 1) describe the transparency in local governance, 2) analyze the factors that become an obstacle to transparency in local governance, and 3) to apply the right strategy in the transparency of the regional administration. The study found that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Various information is held, given and provided by theGovernment are accessible can be used as a tool for monitoring, evaluating and assessing the work done by the government under the supervision of the community. Regional Government of South Sulawesi province after the reform era are required to be more transparent to the various activities of governance created by the government and has the support of the community by creating all the tools and rules of the system and mechanism of action of the government must be transparent, informed to the community and society easy access to all information relating to good governance in accordance duties and functions of each government agency. Transparency in principle is the principle of the creation of mutual confidence between the government and the public through the provision of information that ensures the ease in obtaining accurate information and adequate. Through this transparency, government and communities together to provide information where the information is a necessity for governments and communities to mutually participate in running good governance. Moving on from the understanding of transparency, the Regional Government seeks to achieve transparency of regional governance ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19. Est1 Task 1 Local Government Establishing a formal government on the newly secured property called Pequena Isla would take a great deal of consideration to ensure prosperity in the future. Local government Pequena Isla will use a general purpose and perform essential services such as law enforcement, park services, maintaining roads, human services and public works (Dye & MacManus, 2015). To ensure quality educational services, they will also use a special purpose government to establish and maintain school districts (Dye & MacManus, 2015). Form of government A rural county government would make for an excellent political structure while giving the residents common services. It would also give private businesses opportunities for maintenance, healthcare, waste disposal services, and recreational services, which would not only bring business and jobs but more citizens as well. The services our government would provide ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Management system To allow future growth Pequena Isla will utilize the more professional and versatile county administrator structure Isla. This type of government would let the local elected officials work on the legislative aspects while hiring a highly qualified individual to manage the county operations. It would also be beneficial because some of the elected county members may not be experienced leading a county, but this would give the count the opportunity to hire a knowledgeable and capable person to manage the county. Leadership instatement Pequena Isla will have three county commissioners that are elected into office every four years overlapping to ensure an experienced commissioner is in office at all times ((Dye & MacManus, 2015). They will ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. What Are The Main Features Of Local Government Act 1979 Provincial Local Government Ordinance 1979 This period marked the 'second wave' of local government reform a military regime. The system of local government introduced in 1979 by General Zia–ul–Haq was the most representative in nature since independence. For the first time in the history of Pakistan, elections to all local councils in both rural and urban areas were held simultaneously on the basis of adult franchise and under the aegis of independent provincial election authorities. Features of Provincial Local Government Ordinance: The special features of the 1979 local government system can be described as follows: Local government laws relating to rural and urban areas were unified and harmonized. Local governments ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Planning, development and maintenance of public roads and bridges. Installation and maintenance of street–lights. Optional Functions: Planning, development and maintenance of playgrounds, parks, graveyards and gardens. Procurement, allocation and regulation of grants, loans and other assistance. Planning, development and maintenance of public welfare centers, orphan houses and organizations. Analysis: The local bodies were made independent from the bureaucracy under the Local Government Ordinance of 1979. The local bodies were vested with administrative, judicial and financial powers to make them effective institutions. They were authorized to get loans from national and international Banks to complete their plans for the people's development. The elections of local governments were held on non–party basis. The local governments were dependent upon the provinces from senior appointments to the request for more resources or permission to increase taxes and rates. The budgets of the local governments were also to be approved by the provincial governments. It would not be unfair to say that the provinces used to control the local governments ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. Essay On Texas Local Government Chapter ten focuses on Texas' local government and why it is such a huge deal. The local government is closer and highly responsive to citizens than the state and the federal government. They provide water, public education, and other services. Over the years, Texas is rapidly becoming more diverse which creates a greater demand for more representation in the local government. The top five cities have diverse city councils. It does make a difference when a city's council does not reflect the city's population. San Antonio's city council best reflects the racial/ethnic composition of its population. Sadly, Houston's council diverges the most from its city's racial/ethnic composition. They have five members of the council who are white, but the largest race in their population are Latinos (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas 339). I do think it is crucial for the city councils to reflect the racial/ethnic composition of their communities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Special districts are popping up all over. Texas has a lot of special districts because they are easy to organize and operate. Special districts solve problems that already exist in the government. They can serve one county or multiple counties. Districts almost do anything you can think of, as long as it is legal (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas 344). They provide public services like sanitation, ambulance services, and hospital care (Siegel). I feel like cities and counties shouldn't do the jobs that special districts do even though they both exercise the same powers. Special districts are more hands–on and tailored to their counties. Every county has different concerns and needs. Cities and counties do not do the jobs that special districts do because taxes make it harder for them to provide services citizens want. The amount differs and for each county. Property taxes and user fees are the main source of revenue for special districts (Champagne, Harpham, Casellas ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. Local Government And Public Government LOCAL GOVERNMENT Local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. The term is used to contrast with offices at state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or (where appropriate) federal government and also to supranational government which deals with governing institutions between states. Local governments generally act within powers delegated to them by legislation or directives of the higher level of government. In federal states, local government generally comprises the third (or sometimes fourth) tier of government, whereas in unitary states, local government usually occupies the second or third tier of government, often with greater powers than higher–level administrative divisions. The System of Local Government is not a new system but existing before the independence of Pakistan, when the Indian sub–continent was under British rule, after the independence of Pakistan this system existed in Pakistan with different names and terminologies. Today 's states are too vast in territory, having huge population, so it has become very much difficult for Central or Provincial governments to administer them effectively, in this connection, for this purpose, those provinces are further divided into Districts, Districts are further divided into Talukas and Talukas are further divided into Union Councils for effective management and services ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Pol319 State And Local Government Case Study Joshua Dillard Governments POL319 State & Local Government Antonio Quiante 09/21/2014 Government State and Local governments are micro governments of the bigger Federal government, each unique to its own way of life and people living in that state . The governments are structure much like our federal government. With a person in charge, be it the mayor or governor, and a chain of command down the list. All helping to run the State. Each state is unique with laws and standards, and each has its own different judicial standards. Some have there own versions of Supreme Court that dictate laws for the state. All these things I will be looking at and analyzing in three different states. First state and case study will be the government of California. California is one of the biggest states in the U.S. It has 58 counties, 480 cities, nearly 3,400 Special Districts and over 1000 K–12 and Community College Districts just in the state. California even through with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... On top of this, some other key differences to the state. The Lieutenant governor, the attorney general, the controller, secretary of state, the superintendent of education and treasurer are all elected by the voters of the state. Another key feature of government for California is the initiative, which is a proposal for a new law. Any citizen of California can help make laws, if enough people sign a petition or written request then the proposals would become a proposition and they are added to the ballot to be voted on, it currently takes more than 900,000 signatures to bring an initiative or a referendum before the voters. On the flip side of this though they also have the referendum, which allows the citizens to vote for or against a law that the state assembly has passed (California's Direct Democracy. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. Local Self Government Introduction Local government institutions have always existed in India in one form or another since ancient times. The present form of urban local government owes its genesis to the British rule. The initiation began with Samuel Laing, member of the Viceroy's Council, in the Budget Speech (1861–62) proposing that local services should be based on local resources. Lord Mayo's Resolution of 1870 introduced the concept of elected representatives in the municipalities. Lord Ripon is considered the founding father of urban local government as he implanted the concept of municipal authorities as units of self–government. His Resolution of 18 May 1882 on local self–government dealt with the constitution of local bodies, their functions, finances ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The government had a direct link with the peasants instead of the feudatories. The Chola kings had adopted the Yuvaraja during king`s rule. The orders of the kings were written and copies of it would be sent to respective departments and officers. The royal priest was the reliable advisor of the King. Development of local self government was one of the most striking features of administration of the Chola dynasty. The villages were given autonomy despite centralised system of governance. The Chola officials acted as advisors to village assemblies and there was no interference in daily administration. Thus there was continuity in village administration despite political upheavals. The general assembly was classified into tax paying villagers, Brahmins and traders. The central government officers examined accounts and supervised the work of the tax paying villagers. The village assemblies received gifts from rich men or from king for developmental activities. The feudatories were unable to impede in the village management. Their job was very clerical in the sense it was a mere collection of taxes and passing the share to the King. Elaborate and complicated mechanisms are the attributes of Chola administration. Administration under the Chola dynasty was systematically conducted. Autonomy along with centralization was moderately followed in each and every level. Revenue, justice, governance and military were given prior ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Comparing The Local Government And The Power Of Government Local government is the most basic government, mainly help citizens to make decisions on local financial issues, educational issues and social services пј€ ењ°зђѓ 182пј‰.Despite the wide range of local government functions, in all power, the right in tax policy is relatively important. There are many similarities between the local governments of European countries; however the decision–making organizations in modern Europe are still quite different. (地球书 172йЎµ). There are two different, but linked, decentralized decision–making mode. One is federal, the other is unitary (ibid).The powers in unitary system is highly centralized, and the powers of federal states are decentralized ( ).Appropriate tax policies can promote economic growth and prosperity, on the contrary, inappropriate tax policies will increase the gap between rich and poor, is not conducive to the national economy.(xinzhaode ) This paper will focus on the power of local governments on taxation. Take the French, Germany,Sweden and Hungary tax systems as examples, divided into two groups in turn to compare the taxation power of their local governments. In contrast, local governments in France and Hungary, two unitary countries, have greater autonomy in choosing tax standards. Local governments in Germany and Sweden, two federal states, and local governments have limited decision–making capacity, mainly using state–mandated tax standards French local governments have a role in promoting taxation, and the competition ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. Local Government And Community Service Lance Armstrong once said, "Knowledge is power, community is strength, and attitude is everything." Being active in your own community isn't just donating money or cleaning up one's neighborhood, it can be attending local events sponsored by local organizations or government, or even attending the meetings that plan those events. For Example, attending a local holiday event in one's community or a city council meeting where they make choices that potentially affect everyday life. After personally attending and participating in a holiday event, a school activity and lastly two city council meetings, I have gained insight on the importance on participation in local government and community service. I definitely enjoyed helping out at my school with a fellow peer at a volleyball game. Back in the fall, a friend and I worked the scoreboard at the game. I am on the volleyball team and I now know that I do take for granted the people, the refs, and those who work the scoreboard or provide us food at our games. I learned more about what the work the volunteers go through, the stress of all the peers, students and parents waiting on you to make a bad call or mess up the score. Feeling that pressure has definitely made me appreciate the extraordinary citizens who volunteer to do that work for my school. In addition to attending a volleyball game I also participated in carnival game night at my church. I helped the young children learn how to play games and watched them as ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Relationship Between State and Local Government Essay Forms of Local Government The basis for county, city and special district governing and authority are laid out in the State Constitution and Government Code. Counties in California are responsible for providing limited services to unincorporated areas. The state Legislature created the Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) in 1963 to control local government fragmentation. The Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) gives counties the power to tax, create special districts and annex unincorporated land to cities in the county (League of Women Voters, 1992). There are three classes of county government. The main differences are in the organization and selection of governing bodies and officers. General Law counties elect ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Municipalities may also provide parks, public housing, and various utility services. Cities are required to develop a general plan, environmental reports and review of their capital improvements program (League of California Cities, n.d.). Charter municipalities may have increased powers, requiring a vote for adoption and amendment. Incorporated cities and towns have the power to levy taxes. Special districts provide focused service. They only serve specific designated areas and provide only one service. That service is a public service or program constitutes want. While county and city service are mandated by federal and state government, special districts provide what the public wants. Local agency loss of property tax revenue and competition for existing revenue leaves fewer dollars for services. Residents and landowners can form a district to pay for an increased level of service or other services they desire. Local citizens can receive services at the price they are willing to pay (League of Women Voters, 1992). Special districts are not state government. They are accountable to the voters. State government does look over financial reports and requires state law be followed for public meetings, bonded debt, record keeping and elections. They provide public services and infrastructure that help communities but not direct economic development (CSDA, n.d.). Intergovernmental Cooperation The local government must work within the state and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28. The Impact Of Local Government On Local Government Local government is an administrative body for a small area such as a city,town county or state.The local government will typically only have control over their specific area. The main aim of local government is to provide a system under which councils perform the functions and exercise the powers conferred by or under this Act and any other Act for the peace, order and goodgovernment of their municipal districts. The impacts of this on HG Walter will be that employees will have to pay to park. This will impact HG Walter in a bad way this is because the staff will have to pay to park. Which would affect them because their employees may not want to work in a place where there will have pay to park. By the government implementing that HG Walters have to have parking meters will impact the public in managing their parking times. Regional government is a government entity that only has control on their specific small area. National government is the government or political authority that controls a nation. The main aim of the national government is to have a stable security they also aim to enforce laws for the nation. European government makes laws that affect all the countries in the EU.The EU government are concerned about the environmental issues as well as other areas. The main aim of the European government is to establish European citizenship they also aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods and services. The impacts of this on HG Walter will be that ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29. Types Of Local Governments From The United States Module 6: Institutions of Local Government Jim McGrath Bowling Green State University Abstract Describe some of the different types of local governments found in the United States. Why are there so many local governments in the United States Are some types more effective than other types? According to the text, why is the idea of Regionalism a good one? Is Dillon's rule a good idea? Why or Why not? INSTITUTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNEMT All states institute actions by which local governments are produced, through their laws or constitutions. (Zimmerman 1983) Most are created through state statutes, allowing citizens in a geographic area who require local services; others are created by state action – called charters. The U.S. Census Bureau developed two classifications for local government, General Purpose and Special Purpose. General Purpose local governments are identified as counties, municipalities, and townships. Special Purpose Governments include special districts and school districts. –Counties – (US Census n.d.) Organized local governments authorized in state constitutions and statutes, providing general government. 3031counties in 48 states utilize county governments (excludes CT. RI. and DC.) Louisiana uses the term "Parish" and Alaska uses the term "Borough". Primary concerns for service delivery are inconsistent from county to county, as well as the size and number. Generally they have more mandates, less discretionary funds, and more are ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. The Thoeries of Local Government in Nigeria. Abstract Rural development of the grassroots has been the concern of every responsible and responsive political system. This is because development and participation have continued to elude people of the grassroots. Development remains insignificant if it does not positively affect the lives of those in the periphery of decision making arrangement. The Nigerian state therefore created local government as the third tier of government whose objective is to ensure effective, measurable and efficient service delivery to the people. Local government is faced with various difficulties. The major concern of this paper is to dwell on these difficulties and illuminates the factors that are responsible for them. In achieving this, the paper relies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A local government is expected to play the role of promoting the democratic ideals of a society and co–ordinating development programme at the local level. It is also expected to serve as the basis of socio–economic development in the locality. Observations have shown that local government in Nigeria has not performed to expectation. Keen observers have since adduced various propositions for explaining the reasons why the system has recorded abysmal level of inefficiency and ineffectiveness vis–Г –vis justification for its establishment. But before reading into the problems of local government, we shall first attempt to illuminate the historical background of local government in order to have adequate grasp of its future and achieve deeper understanding of salient issues raised in this paper. Brief Historical Background of Local government System in Nigeria Regardless of nomenclature, local government is a creation of British colonial rule in Nigeria. It has overtime experienced change in name, structure and composition. Between 1930s and 1940s, for instance, local government was known as chief–in–council and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Union Parishad : The Lowest Tier Of The Local Government Union Parishad (UP) The Union Parishad is the lowest tier of the local government unit. It is the entry level of the people's political participation. The Union Parishad constituted under the Local Government (Union Parishads) Ordinance, 1983. It should be consisting twelve members, including three women members from reserving seats and on chairman. According to the Local Government Ordinance, 1983– the members and the chairman should be elected through direct election, based on adult franchise (Talukder, 2009). The functions of Union Parishad are categorized into different categories including, civic duties, revenue collection and administrative functions, development functions, judicial functions and transferred the functions (Moin, 2011). Objectives of the Study The objectives of the paper are given below: 1) To present the existing status of women in the lowest tier of the local government in the Union Parishad. 2) To find out the obstacles behind the lower representative status of women in the Union Parishad. 3) To propose actions to raise the participation of women in the Union Parishad of Bangladesh. Methodology This study is ultimately done on the basis of the analyzing the information collected from different secondary sources, i.e. published books, journals, reports, government publications and newspapers. Some information also got from the browsing of the internet. Progression of Local Government in Bangladesh Local Government (LG), the history of this part of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. Local Government and Local Safeguarding Board Abbreviations CRB Criminal Records Bureau CAF Common Assessment Framework DCSF Department for Children, Schools and Families DFES the Department for Education and Skills ECM Every Child Matters ISA Independent Safeguarding Authority Introduction In this assignment I will underpin how the multi agency team can help safeguarding children's rights linking in to practise, with past, present and future legislation including policies and procedures which have protected children and families and also safeguarding incidents that have changed our practice. The assignment will discuss safeguarding across the board from settings, local and national policies and procedures, what they... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... To keep the children and adults safe all most all settings have a statement for the security of the building, (appendices 2) the policy and the procedure is in place to protect children and adults they are followed and updated regularly when new staff or changes in the building have occurred such as security systems to the doors and even ID badges. The local council have a corporate whistle blowing procedure which my setting adhere to. This is a 7 page document (appendices 3) which underpins the procedure, the aims and explanations in to whistle blowing. Also how to raise your concerns what support you will receive and the procedure also links to other procedures. This is an important document which in our setting is undergoing some changes from recent issues with the Vanessa George case. This is supported by Gaunt, (2009) which states "An early year's expert has warned of the need for early years settings to have an effective whistle blowing policy in place, in light of the high profile court case of paedophile Vanessa George". This has a large impact on settings and on practitioners as they may feel vulnerable and fear that parents may lose their trust in the setting and practitioners. All policies and procedures are available for parents/carers and practitioners to read and address any concerns they have most settings sign post the policies and procedures to the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. Methods And Results Of Local Government 's Performance... RESEARCH METHOD Approach. This chapter discusses the methodology of the thesis. As mentioned, this thesis mainly uses qualitative data collected via literature and document review, and semi–structured interviews to answer the research questions. This is because the qualitative approach is more suitable to "provide a great deal of descriptive details...emphasizes on process...[and] is concerned with explanations" (Bryman, 2004, pp. 280–281), which is essential to examine the process and results of local government's performance measurement. Focus and Locus. This research is focused on answering and identifying the problems involved in the research questions. The relationship between the research questions and supporting methods, which are later explained in detail, is illustrated as follows: Indonesia is currently a democratic country with three tiers of government: central government; provincial government; and local government. At the lower level, there are 34 provinces and 508 (as of 2014) local governments. There are two types of local government across Indonesia: 1) Kabupaten (district), and 2) Kota (city). In the past (before Reformasi), provincial and local governments were simply an extension of the central government at the regional and local level. Government policies and programs were determined by central government. As the result, the Gubernur (Head of Province) and the Bupati/Walikota (Head of Kabupaten/Kota), directly appointed by the president, were ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. Local Government In Australia Background of Australian Government In Australia's Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC), the Commonwealth has responsibility for social security while state governments have primary responsibility for education (Press & Hayes, 2000). Thus, policy and funding matters related to different forms of ECEC services rest with different tiers of government (Press & Hayes, 2000). There is the local government, which is established and regulated by State and Territory parliaments (Press & Hayes, 2000). Australia has about 750 local government councils responsible for town planning, roads, streets and bridges, waste and sanitation services and community recreation facilities. Many, though not all, local governments in Australia are involved in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... During the 1940s and 1950s preschools, as they became known, began to emerge in middle class suburbs and were often managed by local parents. During the 1960s and 1970s, some State Governments became involved in the provision of preschool services. In both Victoria and New South Wales preschool provision remained largely in the hands of voluntary agencies (Brennan, 1998). Although preschool provision and operation were widespread, preschools largely failed to meet the needs of working mothers. A strong push for the provision of child care services to support working women developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. A feminist advocacy for women's rights seek in paid employment and researches on the number of children left without adequate supervision because of their parents' need to work, and the needs of industry for access to women's labour became a powerful impetus for governments to take child care provision seriously (Press & Hayes, 2000). As a result, the Commonwealth Minister for Labour and National Service introduced the Child Care Act 1972, which commenced Commonwealth involvement in the funding of child care programs beyond the Lady Gowrie Centres. From 1983 to 1990 child care provision was regarded as part of the social wage under the Commonwealth Labor Government where government–provided benefits and services (Press & Hayes, 2000). In 1990 the Commonwealth Labor Government extended the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35. The State and Local Government of the City of Melbourne Essay The State and Local Government of the City of Melbourne The City of Melbourne which has a population of about 71,382 is operated under the Council–Manager form of government also known as the City–Manager plan (City of Melbourne, "About Melbourne"). The Council–Manager form of government was developed in 1908, and today is the most prominent form of local government in the United States. Over 3,000 governments operate under the Council–Manager form of government. The Council–Manager form of government is especially popular in California, where about 98% or the cities use it (Burns, 190). The Melbourne City Council performs the legislative functions of the city: establishing laws and policies. It is comprised of six ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The City Council meets on the second and fourth Tuesdays of the month at 7:30 p.m. in the City Hall Council Chamber. Most of the power of the City Council is localized in the elected council as a whole, which they then hire a professionally trained manager to oversee and ensure the delivery of public services. The City Council members try to concentrate on policy issues that are responsive to those throughout the community. The City Council also focuses on the communities goals, projects throughout the city, and some long term factors such as community growth, land development and many other factors that could be affected by past policies or ordinances. The City Council members affect policy in the city by helping to make decisions on what would be good for the city as a whole, and trying to protect everyone's rights and wishes at the same time. The Mayor in Council–Manager communities plays a key role . The mayor is responsible for sharing views of the city's citizens, forming policies and interpreting them to the public, he or she is also a ceremonial leader. The mayor shows up at council meetings to assist the council in setting goals, advocating policy decisions, and to better serve his or her community. The typical mayor is a college graduate, 40 to 50 years old, has political experience, and is usually a business or legal professional. Most mayors are male but more recently ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. Discuss the Proposition That Local Authorities Are Better... Name: SAMUEL Student Number: AKERA Course: MSc in Risk, Crisis and Disaster Management Essay Title: Discuss the proposition that local authorities are better placed to respond to crises and disasters than central government Introduction Both the local authorities and central government have roles and responsibilities in responding to crises and disaster situations. However, several catastrophic crises and disaster events over the past decades have casted doubts on the effectiveness of central governments in responding to crises and disaster situations. As such, some scholars and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In his book, "What is a disaster?" Quarantelli asked five researchers with different social science background (Gilbert, Dombrowsky, Kreps, Porfiriev and Horlick–Jones) to define the term disaster. Unsurprisingly, all the scholars defined disasters differently (Rosenthal, 1998). For instance, Kreps defined disasters as: "non–routine events in societies or their larger subsystems (e.g. regions, communities) that involve social disruption or physical harm" (Kreps, 1998:34). A classical definition of disaster was coined in 1961 by a U.S pioneer of disaster research, Fritz: Actual or threatened accidental or uncontrollable events that are concentrated in time and space, in which a society, or a relatively self–sufficient sub–division of a society undergoes severe danger, and incurs such losses to its members and physical appurtenances that the social structure is disrupted and the fulfillment of all or some of the essential functions of the society, or its sub–division is prevented Fritz [1961:655] quoted in Fischer, 1989:2–3). According to some scholars, Fritz's definition of disaster has stood the test of time very well (Kreps 1988). Nonetheless, whatever the classic definition of crises and disaster, they are bound to vary substantially in the foreign dictionaries reflecting for the particular country and the specifics of the culture and the language of each nation (Porfiriev, 1998). However, for the purposes of convenience, the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. Government And Public Policy In The Public And Local... Public policy is created by addressing complicated issues which affect communities. Public policy requires a collaboration of ideas with purposes and the means of achieving them. Society plays an important role in policymaking and utilization, which improves implementation not only in the public sector but also in the private sector (Peters, 2016). Government agencies at all levels can manage and support policies. A reported by Professor Donald F. Kettl (2014) described local zoning officials in Oso, Washington did not inform people of the potential risk of building their homes on the hillside. Also, federal, state, and local officials did not share information well enough, so that decision makers were not aware of the risks involved (Kettl,2014). The inadequate communication and collaboration between the levels of government resulted in lack of resources for tragedy stricken communities. For instance, local nonprofit agencies offered more aid than federal, state, and local governments and national organizations. The mudslide tragedy of Oso, Washington buried many homes and 44 people lost their lives. Natural disasters are incidents that affect the population by causing physical and emotional damages, loss of life, property damages, and sometimes emphasizes the failure of public administrative processes (Donahue & Tuohy,2006, p.5). Thefederal government knows more about the risks, but they do not have power to act (Kettl,2014, p.3). Also, local governments have the power ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. Modern Federal, State, And Local Governments Modern federal, state, and local governments must deal with changes in technology and changes in society and culture. One emerging technology is the proliferation of drone technology in the hands of private citizens. Christ Pritchard, writing in Journal Of The Australian & New Zealand Institute Of Insurance & Finance, suggests that "[c]urrent usage patterns show it's a safe bet that drones are destined to play an increasingly important role in business relationships" (Pritchard, 2015). Once solely in the hands of professional organizations and government activities, drone technology is now more available to hobbyists and casual users. The role of local government, and by extension public administrators, is always under review by its citizens. Because the job of government is to "legislate and make decisions in areas over which they have legislative authority" (VMA, 2012) and to develop and implement policy, local governments must be able to react to emerging technologies and provide a safe environment for its citizens. Drones Here and Now In January 2014, the done technology was still emerging as a high–dollar endeavor for government agencies and wealthy hobbyists. Two years later, an advanced drone can be purchased online with overnight delivery from hundreds of different websites. In 2014, Governing Magazine wrote that "the use of drones is allowed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on a case –by–case basis, largely for public and research use by law enforcement ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. Democracy Becomes A Way : Local Governments As... DEMOCRACY FINDS A WAY Local Governments as Laboratories of Democracy 1.Introduction In 1988, toward the end of his presidency, Ronald Reagan reminded a group of governors gathered at the White House that "part of federalism is recognizing that the States are laboratories of democracy." (Reagan 2013, 235). It is a phrase that is often used. It can be attributed to Justice Brandeis, who in his dissent in the case of New State Ice Co. V. Liebmann wrote: To stay [meaning to judicially prohibit] experimentation in things social and economic is a grave responsibility. Denial of the right to experiment may be fraught with serious consequences to the nation. It is one of the happy incidents of the federal system that a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country. (New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann 1932, 386–387). Brandeis strongly supported federalism and in particular the prerogatives of state and local government (Tarr 2001). He supported them because he believed that the tendency towards centralization did not necessarily lead to efficiency or improved outcomes (Tarr 2001). Likewise Reagan's "New Federalism" advocated an expanded role for states and sought to encourage them to innovate solutions on their own rather than waiting for Washington to hand them the answers (Lester 1986). But others would argue that centralization is necessary, a view reflected in ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Local Government Speech I.Pray for Local Government Father, I place a prayer covering over Mayor Allison Silberberg and Councilman Paul Smedberg and all local leaders in Alexandria City and give them strategies to provide righteous, wise leadership that blesses our region and nation (Proverbs 29:2). May they provide righteous leadership and give them revelatory insights to inspire generations to make a difference in their city. Awaken their hearts to reflect as a model of a Christ –centric leader in this set time and give them passion to serve. In Jesus name, Amen. II.Pray for Local Schools Father, I'm interceding on the behalf of Christopher J. Lewis, Daria Dillard and I ask you to strengthen their leadership and ignite great discernment to them and as well other school board members; Principal Jessica Hillery and Assistant Principal Robert Bowes as they launch new strategies that empower the next generation to excel in all their academic tasks. May you grant them wisdom and insight to execute your plans and purposes (II Timothy 2:15) and give them insight and wisdom to handle any adverse situation they face. Amen. III.Pray for Local Neighborhood Father, I announce Jesus is Lord over Alexandria City,its suburbs and denounce every stronghold that rests on the people (residents, visitors, etc.) minds and every deceptive thought, influence and initiative the enemy has, or plan to advance in this region is eradicated in Jesus name. I ask that you fill this city with your presence and touch ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...