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The european union
- 3. Check out 1 The European Union is a political and economic union between 27 European countries. After centuries of wars in Europe, six countries signed the Treaty of Paris in 1951 to join together to promote peace and share the coal and steel resources. These six founding members were France, Belgium, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Check out 1 When did Spain join the EU? Make a list of the European countries that do not belong to the EU. Which country was the last to join the EU? What is Belin Wall?
- 4. The purpose of the EU The purpose of the EU is to protect and strengthen the rights and interests of its member states and other citizens. It is organised in a similar way to a country. It has economic and political policies. Political objectives: The EU covers, education, foreign affairs and security, home affairs and justice, culture, fishing, transport, the environment, agriculture, health, customs, human rights, employment Economic objectives: trade, budgets, enterprise, competition, the single market Did you know? The EU´s motto is United in Diversity. What does it refer to?
- 5. EU institutions Council of the EU (Brussels, Belgium): It is one of two legislative bodies of the EU. Functions: it passes laws, approves budgets and signs agreements with non-EU countries. European Council (Brussels, Belgium): It is the strategic body of the EU. Functions: it discusses the political direction and strategy of the EU but has no power to make laws. European Commission (Brussels, Belgium) : It is the executive body of the EU. Functions: It draws up proposals for new laws and spends EU funds. European Parliament (Strasbourg, France) It is the other legislative body of the EU. Its members are directly elected by EU citizens. Functions: it debates and passes laws and shares budgeting decisions with the Council of the EU. Court of Justice of the EU (Luxembourg): it is the highest court in the EU. Functions: it ensures all member states apply EU laws the same way. European Court of Auditors. (Luxembourg): it is an audit agency. Functions: It investigates how EU tax payers 'money is invested and presents audits to the Commission.
- 6. The euro A single currency is one of the steps towards a single market. This means that most of the trade barriers, either physical, fiscal or technical, have been removed. How does a single market work? The single market in Europe began in 1986 when the member states removed 280 pieces of legislation concerning trade and replaced them with one common law. Then, in 1993, internal border controls were also removed so goods, money, people and services could move freely. At the start, this single market was open to 12 countries and today it includes 27 member states. A single market is more competitive because all companies are subject to the same trading rules and standards.
- 7. Check out 2 Trading among EU countries has many advantages and makes citizens´ lives easier. Here are two examples: All goods are produced according to the same standards (e.g. Product labelling) All products meet the same technical specifications. Check out 2 Which EU members are Spain´s main export partners? Which EU members are Spain´s main import partners?
- 8. Challege 1: Science project: Exchange rates (Upload it on Manage bac) Aim: learn how to use exchange rates to convert currencies. Hypothesis: I think the value of the euro…., will go up against a different currency, or will go down Method 1. Choose a currency from another country (outside the EU). 2. Use the internet to find out the exchange rates for the foreign currency and the euro. Remember to make a note of the site so you can come back to it later.
- 9. 3. Access to https://www.xe.com/es/currencyconverter/ convert/?Amount=1&From=EUR&To=USD From May 1, 2019 to April 1, 2020. Take the Exchange rate from EUR to a foreign currency, for example USD, on the first day of each month at 00:00 o´clock. Take only that value for each month. Represent the evolution of the currency exchange rate. Horizontal axis: months of the year. Vertical axis: Value of the foreign currency for each EUR on the 1st of each month at 00:00 o´clock. Plot the results in a graph using Excel (following the example on the next slide)
- 11. Conclusions: Critical Thinking Criteria D Use your graph to predict how the exchange rate of the two currencies will change during the next week. Look at the data in your graph from the last year. Can you think of any world events which might have affected the value of the currencies? Do you think looking at past exchange rates is a reliable way of predicting future rates? Compare your graphs with some of your friend´s graphs. Which currencies is the euro strong against’ Which ones is it weaker against’ What negative impacts are there for countries when they adopt the euro?