Matter II

2. HOW THE WORLD
WORKS
MATTER AND MATERIALS

3. MATTER
The Universe is made up
of matter. Matter is found
in three different states:
solid, liquid and gas.
Matter cannot be created
or destroyed; it just
changes from one state of
form to another. Matter
also makes up different
materials. Different
materials have different
properties.

4. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
PHYSICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES

5. PHYSICAL
CHANGE
A physical change occurs
when matter changes
shape or state. Physical
changes happen to water
in the water cycle. The
water changes shape and
state. Its chemical
properties, however, do
not change; throughout
the water cycle, it remains
as water.

6. PHYSICAL
CHANGE
A physical change also
occurs when we break
a vase. We change the
appearance of the
vase but the pieces
are still glass and have
the same chemical
properties as before.

7. CHEMICAL
CHANGES
A chemical change is
when a substance is
produced. The new
substance has different
chemical properties from
the original substance.
Combustion, oxidation
and putrefaction are
examples of chemical
changes.

8. MIXTURES
Most things around us are mixtures. A mixture is something that
contains two or more different materials. We can find many examples
of mixtures in nature. Air is a mixture of gases. Salt wáter in the sea is
a mixture of wáter, salt and other minerals. Many rocks are a mixture
of different minerals. We can classify mixtures as homogeneous or
heterogeneous.

9. MIXTURES
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES
It isn’t possible to see the different
substances. Mayonnaise is a
homogeneous mixture.
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
We can see the the individual
substances that make up a
heterogeneous mixture.

10. Methods of separating mixtures
We can separate the substances in mixtures in different ways. Sieving, filtration and
evaporation are different methods of separation.

11. MIXTURE SEPARATION CHALLENGE
Work together and decide how you can separate this mixture of:
- water
- salt
- sand
- pebbles