The document discusses the key concepts underlying the theory of semantics. It addresses how language produces meaning through the relationship between elements within language (sense, sentences) and the relationship between language and the external world (reference). Meaning arises from the processing of these "raw materials" of meaning, including the relationships between words, phrases, sentences and their denotation or reference in the real world. Natural entities themselves are meaningless, whereas language has the property of making sense and producing meaning through these conceptual relationships and processes.

1. TOPIC
THE CONCEPTS OF THE THEORY OF
SEMANTICS

2. 
Do you find meaning when you look at a tree?
A tree does not mean, it just exists

How does human language produce Meaning?

How to account for the fact that elements of natural
environment do not convey meaning?


MEANINGLESSNESS OF NATURAL ENTITIES
AND THE PROPERTY OF LANGUAGE TO MAKE
SENSE/MEANING

4. 1) Sense
Words
relationship
Phrases
relationship
Sentences
2) Reference
Language
relationship
Outside world

5. LANGUAGE
Relationship
inside
language
I think therefore I
am
s
e
n
s
e
Relationship with
outside world
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
a tree

6. W
o
r
d
M
e
a
n
i
n
g
Inside language
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
t
i
a
l
Outside world

7. A Sentence is an ideal string of
words in accordance with
grammatical rules of a language
An utterance is any stretch of
spoken language

8. SENTENCE
UTTERANCE
Artificial
 Natural
 sentence is read
 It is uttered
 Cannot slow or fast
 Slow or fast
 Begin with capital
Letter
 Preceeded and followed
by silence

10. sentence
The Director is absent
The Director is not arou
sentence
The Director has gone
sentence
The Director is not prese

12. A contradictory sentence is a sentence which
propositional content is necessarily false
eg Cats are human beings
A paraphrase is a sentence which expresses the same
proposition as another sentence
eg John sold that car to Mary / Mary bought that car from
John

13. 
Language as an activity is the main canal in
meaning conception (say
mean)

The above mentioned concepts are responsible for
the manufacturing of meaning

Hence they are the concepts underlying semantics
which is the science of meaning

14. Sense
Connotation
INSIDE
LANGUAGE
MEANINGFULNESS
RAW MATERIALS OF
MEANING
Sentence-UtteranceProposition
Processin
g
Reference
Denotation
OUTSIDE WORLD
MEANINGLESSNESS
MEANING PROCESSORS
Analytic/synthetic sentence
Contradictory sentence
Paraphrase
MEANING IS
CONCEIVED