F-22 Raptor Acquisition Costs

F 22 Raptor Acquisition Essay
The initial production of 750 F–22 aircraft envisioned in the 1970, ended to 187 in 2009. From 2009
to 2012, two important factors prompted civilian leadership decision to reduce F–22 Raptor
procurement quantities from 339 aircraft to 187 aircraft.
The DOD strategy for development of the F–22 was to create a fifth–generation fighter with
revolutionary capabilities that would put it to a decade´s leap ahead of any foreseeable threat.
However, the F–22 Raptor development strategy resulted in a significant cost increases and schedule
delays. The program costs increases and schedule inefficiency in weapon system acquisitions, as
well as reductions in Defense spending caused the failure of the F–22 Raptor acquisition strategy.
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This high–risk development strategy resulted in significant cost increases and schedule delays.
The cost increases and schedule inefficiency in the weapon system acquisition, over the years
reported problems and issues associated with the F–22A development program. In 1986, the
program was expected to complete development in nine years for an estimates cost of $12.6 billion.
After taking 19 years to complete development, by December 2005, development costs reported at
$26.3 billion– 109 percent more than expected. The result of these inefficiencies in the acquisition
program was a loss of buying power, as the reduced quantity of aircraft would require a significant
higher unit cost than expected.
Also, the changes in procurement quantities over time and allocate both development and
procurement costs to those changing procurement quantities showed the trend of average total
acquisition unit costs and procurement costs. The Office of Secretary of Defense (OSD) "buy to
budget" acquisition strategy placed a ceiling on total program costs resulting in procurement
quantities reduced from 750 aircraft (1986) to 187 aircraft (2010).
This caused average procurement unit costs (APUC– $88.6 million to 186.9 million, BY2005$) and
program acquisition unit costs (PAUC– $122.7 million to $366.7 million, BY 2005$) per aircraft to
increase dramatically from 1992 to 2009. Fly–away unit cost in 2010 was $14 million (BY2010$).
Fifth generation fighters proved to be much
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Business Analysis: Lockheed Martin
Lockheed Martin is a global Aerospace, Defence, Security and advanced Technology Company that
is a renowned specialist in the research, design, manufacture and development, of advanced
technology systems, products and services. Lockheed Martin operates in five business segments;
this is made up of Aeronautics, Information Systems & Global Solutions, Missiles and Fire Control,
Mission Systems and Training, and Space Systems. However in 2013, 78% of Lockheed Martin's
revenues came from military sales. They received $36 billion in US government contrasts in 2008,
more than any other company in history. They do work for a wide variety of government agencies,
from the Department of Defence, to the Department of Agriculture. Lockheed Martin are currently

Example Of Corporate Social Responsibility
"We must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by
the military–industrial complex" (Eisenhower). This was Eisenhower's warning against the military–
industrial complex in his farewell address as president. Even so, our military and government have
gotten out of control with the amount of money the goes to defense spending every year. This is
precisely why our government needs to adopt some form of corporate social responsibility to, at
some level, be able to regulate themselves. There are just too many examples of wasteful spending
spawning from bad policies and dependency to ignore the source of the problem any longer. The
U.S. defense budget is out of control, crucial to our economy, and too ... Show more content on
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That's how Eau Claire, Wisconsin, the ninth largest city in Wisconsin, got their hands on a military
grade armored personnel carrier (Boyd). Why is our defense spending debate only about arming
soldiers? Why doesn't it includes the food chain of contractors selling arms to the military, who
eBayed them to law enforcement? Or what about the way defense spending helps determine whether
you have a job.
Lots of parts of defense spending are domestic spending. Defense spending creates American
manufacturing jobs. Going back to the tanks from before, there is one set of workers at one factory
in Lima, Ohio who can make those tanks and they are the only people who can. If they get laid off
we lose are tank building infrastructure and we give an American town the rust belt treatment. And
there is a similar situation with the Bradly Fighting Vehicle manufactured in York, Pennsylvania and
only York, Pennsylvania. What happens in Lima and York happens all over the country every time
America gives itself defense jobs. The biggest example being the F–35 Lightning II Joint Strike
Fighter.
The Air Force pitched the F–35 to Congress as something the defense company Lockheed Martin
would build. Lockheed promised Congress that the F–35 would create 125,000 American jobs
across 46 states (Lockheed Martin). So permission to build it zipped through Congress because
projects that boost 96% of the U.S. economy tend to do well in a Senate vote. The F–35 will also be
the

Essay On Transformational Leaders
Some think shiny jets like the F–22 Raptor or the F–35 Lightning II make the United States Air
Force (USAF) the best in the world. I don't. The USAF as we know it wouldn't even exist if it wasn't
for transformational leaders. We, by 'we' I mean Airmen, tend to think of ourselves as employed in a
technical occupation, turning wrenches or pushing buttons or adding up figures. But we are in the
Service of Ideas, ideas like "man can fly" and "air superiority is critical to national defense." But
flying itself didn't create an air force. Having the idea that mastery of the "Wild Blue Yonder" would
make the United States (US) military the best and most lethal in the world, and that the US Army
did not fully appreciate that idea, was a job only a transformational leader could accomplish.
But what is a transformational leader? What impact do they have? What are their characteristics?
Clearly their impact can be as great as leading the way towards the greatest fighting force man has
ever known. Their characteristics can be subtler but are just as important as the ideas they advocate.
The fights in Washington D.C. can be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lots of people care. Or, lots of people say they care, or pretend they care, or go to great lengths to
act as if they care. But that's because we have no trouble understanding the importance of caring
because it defines the best parts of what we consider human. And thinking comes a close second. Or
even first, depending on who you ask, because we like to think our thinking separates us from the
animal kingdom or even other groups of people. But vision and thinking are related as a pair like
character and caring, and I'll also explain why I prefer them to the terms charming and

The Impact of Aviation
The Impact of Aviation on American Culture 1
The Impact of Aviation on American Culture History of Aviation in America 04D4 Professor J.
Hines September 21, 2009
The Impact of Aviation on American Culture 2
From the Wright Brothers historical takeoff on Kitty Hawk beach in 1903 to the Modern day F–22
Raptor aviation has influenced and helped shape the American Culture. Modern day military is
centered around, and greatly relies upon the strengths and mobility that aviation ensures. The
economy depends upon aviation to transport people and goods as well as provide millions of jobs
worldwide. Society as a whole relies on aviation to connect distant places that would take months to
travel to if not for the power of aircraft. Aviation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
L. Matske (personal communication, September 21, 2009). S. Matske was recently furloughed from
a regional airline based in the United States. It is a great thing for the consumer to be able to get a
roundtrip ticket to Hawaii for $100, but that level of pricing in unsustainable in the long run.
Eventually, the airlines must re–evaluate their spending vs income and generally cut employees,
which starts the ball rolling on the global economy changing. Aviation is one of the biggest single
contributors to the world 's economy and it influences every industry in some form of fashion.
Society as a whole relies on aviation in a day to day basis. For business meetings, job interviews,
political missions, vacation, and countless more mission aviation is the only suitable way to
accomplish these things. Many people rely on the countless missions that aviation delivers. We are
now able to control forest fires at a much greater rate than we could even 10 years ago. Med–evacs
are now common place and many people in rural areas rely on these for medical transport and life
saving treatment. The U.S. Coast guard has saved countless lives in the waters that would not have
otherwise been saved.
The Impact of Aviation on American Culture 5 In my opinion the airplane, and subsequent
improvements, is the greatest invention in the world 's history. It allows us to reach far away lands,
expand our knowledge about

Article Review : ' The Great Drone Panic '
Lowry, Rich. "The Great Drone Panic." National Review 6 July 2012: n. pag. Rpt. in Robotic
Technology. Ed. Louise Gerdes. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven, 2014. Opposing Viewpoints.
Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 3 Sept. 2015.
In this article based on the columnist's research, Lowry attempts to argue that drones are weapons of
security that have a strong and rightfully increasing influence on conflict. He quotes sources of
repute, including the the Constitution 's Fourth Amendment and the Department of Homeland
Security. He ascertains that because drones use Hellfire missiles and are not weapons in of
themselves, they can be used in an unarmed capacity within the United States. The author admits
that the Fourth Amendment forbids unreasonable search and seizure but argues that security threats
sometimes must be put above the Founding Father's ideals and therefore the law of the land. Lowry
is forthcoming in his methods of research and concedes that the line between Drone surveillance and
weaponization is too fine to risk their internal use unless closely monitored by the public. He
concludes that their usefulness in the high–risk game of national security is too valuable to lose to
concern and panic regarding the possibility of their misuse.
Sifton, John. "A Brief History of Drones." The Nation. The Nation, 07 Feb. 2012. Web. 23 Sept.
2015. This article addresses the political impact of drone use in Pakistan. It also has some statistics
that the paper

Introduction Of Stealth Technology : Technology
INTRODUCTION OF STEALTH TECHNOLOGY:
Most of the common people would be unaware of this technology and they would first ask what is
this technology? Stealth technology is that technology which covers the range of technology which
is used by defence men, air craft 's, missiles, satellites so that they become invisible to the radar ,
infrared, solar and other detection methods.
It is combination of technologies that aims to reduce the distances at which a vehicle or a person can
be detected especially radar cross section reduction.
RADAR CROSS SECTION (RCS) REDUCTION– Various methods have been tried to minimize
radar detection since the invention of radar. Due to the increased awareness of stealth vehicles and
the technologies, development of means to detect stealth vehicles was provided. However
development of low RCS is the desire of most of the countries because they are advantageous in
detection range deduction.
HISTORY OF STEALTH TECHNOLOGY:
Like every single technology stealth technology have also the back ground or the history. The
development of stealth technology started in 1958, in United States who were trying to prevent the
radar detection of its U–2 spy planes from the soviet union during the cold war .However that was
unsuccessful .This made the designers to develop a particular shape for the planes that will reduce
the detection of planes. The 1st stealth submarines were the U–boat U–480.The HORTEN HO229
flying wing was

Mh-47 Chinook Research Paper
June 28, 2005, MH–47 Chinook is shot down by a shoulder fired missile while it was attempting to
rescue a team of Navy SEALs when they were heavily outgunned in the Kunar Province of
Afghanistan. All 8 SEALs and 8 Army Special Operations aviators on board are killed in the crash.
February 7, 2007, CH–46E Sea Knight is shot down by a shoulder–fired missile in al–Karma,
outside Fallujah, killing all seven on board. January 20, 2007, a UH–60 Black Hawk is shot down
by a combination of several heavy machine guns and a shoulder–fired missile north–east of
Baghdad. All 12 crew and passengers on board are killed in the incident. (Wikipedia) The list of
casualties due to aviation incidents continues endlessly. So what is the answer then? What is the ...
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The United States has lost too many lives in the Middle–East due to aviation shootdowns.
Converting from pilots to drones would not only reduce the expenses the military spends on aircraft,
but more importantly, it would save American pilot's lives. If the decision is not made to start using
automated pilots, more and more American aviators will be injured or killed in the line of duty as
time goes on. With the money that is saved from switching to drones, the US could put that money
towards things that we need here in the States, or it could go towards an the effort of removing
airmen from areas where drones could be substituted entirely. On the other hand, the money could
go towards improving the drones that we currently have and make them more effective and precise.
Whether the idea of drones being used in war is liked or not, they are cheaper and safer alternative
to using human pilots. They are the ideal solution to saving money and more importantly, American

Fensive Cost Of Defense
The Offensive Cost of Defense The United States spends far more than any other country on defense
and security with no end in sight to their expenditures. The total military spending by the United
States is nearly equal to the combined military spending of every other nation combined. This
unreasonable amount of spending hinders the capacity to provide basic needs, as well as eliminating
money that can be used to resolve other domestic issues, while at the same time allowing for short–
term economic prosperity and increasing our national defense capacity. The United States military
spending accounts for nearly 54% of federal discretionary spending. Of the $1.1 trillion in
discretionary spending in the United States, military spending accounts for the widest amount of
spending with $598.5 billion being spent, roughly 54%. The section of federal discretionary
spending that was even remotely close to the money spent on the military is the federal discretionary
spending that the government accrued at just under $73 billion which accounts for only 6% of the
$1.1 trillion in discretionary spending. In 2011 the United States government spent about $718
billion on defense and international security assistance, more than it spent on Medicare. United
States military expenditures are roughly the size of the next nine largest military budgets around the
world, combined. The military's high expenditures impact the economy's ability to provide to other
domestic services and programs.

Descriptive Essay Trip
One of the greatest ways to learn about the world around us is to take a trip to visit new places. This
past summer, I flew from my home in Florida to take a road trip with my aunt from Roanoke,
Virginia. We went to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was an amazing experience to be able to visit the
place where my family originated.
Our trip started in Roanoke where my aunt and I made our way to Canada driving through the night.
Unfortunately, since it was dark, I was unable to see anything. I did, however, get to have time to
talk with my aunt and get to know her a little better. After a long eleven hour drive, we finally made
it to our Canadian destination. After resting a few hours at another aunt's house in Milton, I was
ready to become tourist for a few days. My first stop was Niagara Falls just north of the Canadian
border.
Niagara Falls is the largest waterfall by volume in North America; and is one of the largest tourist
attractions. Even though it was extremely crowded making viewing difficult; the experience was
worth the inconvenience. I was able to walk around and see some of the area surrounding the falls.
The town of Niagara has great places to shop, as well as, wonderful restaurants. I enjoyed spending
time with both of my aunts and one uncle. On the way back to my aunt's house we stopped off at my
favorite restaurant, Swiss Chalet. This franchise is only in Canada, which makes it a must stop place
for my family and I to eat. In my opinion, their chicken and

Roman Legion Research Paper
Legionaries, the last line of defense and the emperor's sword against the darkness of the night and
yet, the same weapon used to strike out against the empires many enemies. While the American
military is a shining example the American military's power. The detriment against all of America's
many enemies, the weapon used to cut free the cancer of her enemies with lethal and deadly
precision. The roman legion outposts and fortresses, the stepping stones that legionaries used to
spring forward into the world and strike out at Rome's enemies. Scattered seemingly throughout the
entire known world during the time, when Rome projected its power it was throughout the entire
known world to see its glory. Forward Operating Bases small staging bases in remote locations that
are used much in the same manner as legion bases, the American military's answer to the Roman
outposts. Forward ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The United States Military a take on the modern day Roman legion. With Americans expanding
much in the same manner like that of the Roman Empire, with much of the American military power
taking on some aspect of the Roman legion. America has taken her place in history by bringing the
Roman legions of old, with military forward operating bases, reactionary forces, and advancement
of technologies over its many enemies. One could easily make the argument that America's Military
is the reincarnation of one of the world's greatest military powers, the Roman legion. Let it be said
that the stepping stones forward for any reason, be it a military strike, military aid, or a reaction to
an enemy action lies in the solid formation of a base of operations. "Rome asked of them in terms of
territory was the cessation, here and there, of a patch of ground for the plantation of a Roman
fortress to provide for the common security of Rome's allies and

F22 Raptor Essay
The after taking 25 years to develop the F22 Raptor from conception to operational certification the
United States Air Force (USAF) produced the world's first 5th Generation air superiority fighter.
(site) This revolutionary fighter plane leveraged its very low observable stealth (VLO) and thrust–
vectoring and digital fly by wire technology, to produce an extremely fast, agile and deadly air to air
combatant. (GEO P 2) However, in 2009 Robert Gates, Secretary of Defense, (SECDEF) convinced
the President (POTUS) and Congress to truncate the F22 program, leaving the USAF with less than
187 operational F22 Raptors, this number was well short of the 381 the USAF estimated they
needed to meet their mission requirements. (AWC 1/ site) Gates made his controversial decision
based on three factors. This essay will explore these factors and explain how the 2009 U.S strategic
environment, the overall cost of the F22 and Secretary Gates' desire to change the Department of
Defense (DOD) all lead to the decision to limit the production of the F22 Raptor at 187 aircraft.
Robert Gates pushed for the termination of the F22 production because of its low return on
investments (ROI) for the U.S. taxpayer caused by the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
operational risk in near term irregular and COIN fights. The U.S. Strategic Environment made the
F22's opportunity cost too high. With this shift in orientation, Gates assumed greater risk for the
most dangerous scenario, a war with a near peer competitor. It is important to note, he did not
completely ignore the possibility of a future near–peer fight. He does invest heavily in the F35, joint
strike fighter, which may indicate the core reason he ended the production of the F22 was not
strategic or security environments, but the F22 ROI and procurement

Military Camouflage Essay
The Lockheed Martin F–22a Raptor fighter jet is the pinnacle of modern stealth technology.
Featuring the absolute latest in radar absorbent covering and aircraft design, this plane not only
defies, but also laughs at enemy attempts to spot it, showing up as a blip the same size as a marble
would on radar. Throughout the ages, it has not been he with the bigger stick who won the war, but
he with the stick that could not be seen. Stealth technology and camouflage have been an integral
part of warfare from when man first waged war, but how have advances from ancient technology led
us to what we have today? Evolving from hiding in a bush to the Japanese Ninja's ability to simply
disappear in the surroundings to modern military camouflage dress ... Show more content on
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The Ninja's of ancient times would use whatever they could to camouflage themselves on their
various missions, themselves becoming the F–22's of their time. They utilized color patterns that
would simply blend in with the background, becoming patches in the land the eye simply would not
focus on, and that is the basis of visual camouflage; to fool the enemy into thinking he sees nothing.
The next notable use of camouflage technology came on the bloody battlefields of World War One.
During this conflict, airplanes were first used to recon enemy positions. However, in the words of
W. I. Boucher, "Once in the air or even on the ground, the first military aircraft stood out like sore
thumbs (WWIAviation.com)." When the pilots mission is to scout the enemy position from the air
and return alive with the information, sticking out like a sore thumb is a bad idea, because it draws
fire. To counteract this, military planners and researchers on both sides of the conflict began
researching ways to "make the aircraft disappear into the woodwork (WWIAviation.com)." Britain
was the first with any measurable success. In 1813, researchers at the Royal Aircraft Factory settled
on an at the time unique pigment, one that not only afforded some protection from the sun for the
somewhat fragile fabric, but also had a color less noticeable then the conspicuous pale yellow that
was traditional at the

The Mora Brother's Geography: The Destruction Of Iran
psyche.
Understanding the crucial geography was critical to undermine Iran. The destruction of key
locations that had a history would demoralize the army, being able to follow the flow of crucial
rivers and its content would bring them to the most likely place for a nuclear weapons site to be
located.
Unfortunately for the Iranians the selection of a hidden site was perfect in terms of concealment, it
was by necessity close to volcanoes and untapped oil reserves.
The Mora brothers idolized irony, they took an ironic to mean they were correct in their
assumptions.
The volcanoes and oil functioned as a natural protection. Being from a strong religious background
and remembered a verse from Psalm 18:2–3;
"The Lord is my rock and my fortress, and my deliverer; my God, my strength, in whom I will trust;
my Buckler, and the horn of my salvation, and my high tower. I will call upon the Lord who is
worthy to be praised: so shall I be saved from mine enemies.
A Buckler is a metaphoric name for God as a shield. How perfect to their sense of justice that this
natural shield could be used to destroy their enemies.
By aiming precisely with the right bomb they could create a massive explosion that would destroy
Iran's missile dreams, and with the right amount of luck cause a massive ... Show more content on
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The memory for most Americans of that generation was idyllic and was reinforced further by shows
such as "Leave it to Beaver", and "Father knows Best". This facade of America exists to this day as
a time of peace and stability and a time of uneventful politics. In reality there is probably not a
decade in American history were future events would not be irrevocably shaped for better and
worse. It is unimaginable that a man and his wife were sentenced to death in the 50's for the crime of
espionage, and action today that would draw huge international protests and

Pros And Cons Of Medical Technology
After careful consideration given to the pros and cons of technology, I have arrived at the conclusion
that advanced technology is, indeed, far greater than the absence of the technology we have
acquired, and which we will continue to acquire. Medical technology, for example, for what brings
to mind is the Da Vinci Robotic Surgeon, which can perform very delicate procedures such as brain
surgery. It is designed to facilitate complex surgery using a minimally invasive approach, and is
controlled by a surgeon from a console. The system is commonly used for Prostatectomies, and
increasingly for Cardiac Valve Repair and Gynecologic surgical procedures. According to the
manufacturer, the American company Intuitive Surgical. "the Da Vinci System is called "Da Vinci"
in part because Leonardo Da Vinci's, study of human anatomy eventually led to the design of the
first known automaton in history." Additionally, through robotics, many surgical procedures are now
performed using lasers. Before this technology, patients were subjected to large surgical incisions,
leaving enormous scars. Now, however, the laser surgeries are successfully performed and they have
even cut patients' hospital stays shorter or even on an outpatient basis. Additionally, advanced
prosthetic limbs can give an amputee almost the same range of movement as human arms, legs and
other various body parts. The Tmsuk Enryu "T–52 Manriquez 2 援竜, Des. Rescue Dragon" is a
Japanese invention that is a Hydraulically

F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Essay
F–35: The Joint Strike Fighter of the Future Since the beginning of World War I, key military
analysts have begun to realize the importance of airpower over the battlefield. It has been said
throughout the years that "he who controls the air, also controls the battlefield". Though some have
disputed this statement, the truth has always been proven to analysts after the war when evaluations
can be made. The three branches of military that currently use fighter/bomber aircraft are the Air
Force, Navy, and Marines. During the military's vast aviation history, all three branches of service
have used separate aircraft. In his book "Ultimate Fighter", Bill Sweetman, an experienced aviation
journalist, states that "if there was one ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Boeing's CDA (Concept Demonstration Aircraft) completely broke the mold with their design,
which was very different to say the least. Their X–32 aircraft's skin was composed of a material
known as a "thermoplastic matrix", which was a composite material embedded in an epoxy resin.
When heated, this material undergoes a chemical reaction, thus forming a "highly rigid component"
(Sweetman 64). This composite material would give the designers the ability to re–heat and re–
shape the wing without having to start over from the beginning. Boeing insisted on using this kind
of material because it provided them a way to cut cost. This kind of philosophy, accompanied with
their lack of experience in building military aircraft, cost them in the end. After months of
demonstrations between both CDA's, it was Lockheed Martin's X–35 that was chosen due to their
lift–fan design. The advantage of the lift–fan design, when compared to Boeing's vectored thrust
approach, was that it provided more excess power (F–35 Lightning II). With the 126–month, $13
billion contract in hand, the clock was now running for Lockheed Martin to begin production on the
aircraft (Sweetman 95). Pete Aldridge, the Pentagon's Acquisition Chief, made the announcement to
reporters who the winner was. During the press conference, Aldridge was asked by a reporter

The F 35 Lightning II
Abstract
The F–35 Lightning II is a 5th generation fighter manufactured by Lockheed Martin, Northrop
Grumman, and BAE Systems. Production began in 2006 in Fort Worth Texas and its first flight was
conducted in 2011. Jon Beesley was the first test pilot for the F–35. It has air–to–air, air–to–ground,
intelligence, surveillance, and recon abilities. The F–35 is second only to the F–22 Raptor but is
superior in air–to–ground combat. The engine is a Pratt and Whitney 135 and has a Rolls–Royce
Lift System. There are three variants of the F–35: conventional takeoff and landing (CTOL), a short
takeoff/vertical landing (STOVL), and an aircraft carrier version (CV). It has advanced electrical
systems used to track the enemy and share information with other systems. A high angle of attack is
used for better maneuverability in combat and to aid the aircraft in turning at 9 Gs. The F–35 was
designed to be lethal and to give pilots the first shot/first kill advantage.
Introduction to the F–35 "The F–35 Lightning II is a 5th Generation fighter, combining advanced
stealth with fighter speed and agility, fully fused sensor information, network–enabled operations
and advanced sustainment" (f35.com, jsf.mil). The F–35 was created to defeat threat systems on the
ground and in the air (f35.com). Its ability to perform air–to–air, air–to–ground, intelligence,
surveillance, and reconnaissance missions makes it one of the best fighters in the world (f35.com).
However, its

Air Force Academy Essay
Did you know that the Air Force Academy only has a 12.3% acceptance rate? Because the Air Force
Academy has such a competitive admission policy, candidates need to be physically fit, well
educated, and have a vision of what to do as a graduate. The United States Air Force Academy
(USAFA) was established on April 1, 1954 to serve as a proving ground for all Air Force cadets and
officers. Construction of the academy started in 1955, but it wasn't until 1957 that it was complete.
The academy is stationed in Colorado Springs, Colorado due to the fact that Colorado donated one
million dollars to support the cause. The first graduating class the academy had graduated in 1959.
By then, the attendance had grown to 4,417. Today, more than 48,000 cadets have graduated
throughout the years. A major boost to this huge production of graduates was the acceptance of
female cadets in 1976. Today, the USAFA has produced some of the finest pilots the United States
Air Force has ever seen (Academy admissions.com). To get into the USAFA, there are both physical
and educational prerequisites. To even be looked at, they require four years of English (including
college prep writing credits), four years of math (showing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They designed the plane to supercede the F–15 Eagle to give America complete air dominance. The
F–22 was tested from 1977–2003. It then became operational in 2005. Little do most people know,
but air dominance is very important for wars. First off, air dominance can make or break a war by
giving troops freedom to carry out ops. Secondly, the French, English, and the Russians had all
recently designed planes to dominate the F–15's abilities in the sky. If the United States had not
designed a more advanced airplane, the French, English, and the Russians could have caused
complications for America in the future.

Essay Defense Spending
Defense Spending When the terrorist attacks occurred on 9/11 it did more than just affect the
comfort level of American citizens. It had an all around impact on how this country will be run for
years to come. The one economic impact that I will concentrate on is that the attacks, arguably, but
directly effected the U.S. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and how the national budget will be
handled from that day forward. Since the attacks a number of civil defense programs have been
initiated, which leads to more departments asking for an allowance within the national budget. This
ultimately is leading to a larger and larger deficit that is quickly encompassing full percentage points
of our GDP. There is a debate on how much defense ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As if the 401.3 billion wasn't astronomical enough there is more money hidden within the budget
that will go towards the same purposes, which is pulling those funds from civilians. The total of
funds that were found hidden within the budget totaled to an actual figure of about 596.1 billion
dollars (Higgs Pg. 3) with a breakdown of it as follows (in billions of dollars): Department of
Defense– 344.4 Department of Energy– 18.5 Department of State– 17.6 Dept. of Veterans Affairs–
50.9 Dept. of Homeland Security– 17.5 Dept. of Justice– 2.1 Dept. of Transportation– 1.4 Dept. of
Treasury– 0.1 National Aeronautics and Space– 0.2 Other National Agencies– 4.7 Past debt financed
of security– 138.7 Total= 596.1 Billion Dollars With the numbers totaled the defense budget is
currently sitting at a solid 3.5 percent of our GDP and there are still questions on how much more
we can put in to make this country safe. The White House is calling for more money to be spent on
national defense and their economists say that the United States can withstand a gross spending of
somewhere around 9 to 10 percent of our GDP. The money to pay for any extra spending mostly
comes from the high–end taxes that if they weren't being spend would be saved and used to produce

The World 's First 5th Generation Air Superiority Fighter
After taking 25 years to develop the F–22 Raptor from conception to operational certification, the
United States Air Force (USAF) produced the world's first 5th generation air superiority fighter.
This revolutionary fighter plane leveraged its very low observable stealth (VLO), thrust–vectoring
and digital fly–by wire capabilities, and other cutting edge technology to produce an extremely fast,
agile and lethal air–to–air combatant. Less than five years after operational certification in 2009,
Robert Gates, Secretary of Defense, (SECDEF) convinced the President (POTUS) and Congress to
truncate the F22 program, leaving the USAF with fewer than 187 operational F–22 Raptors. This
number was well short of the 381 aircraft the USAF's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
security. The collapse of the USSR reduced the threat to the US. as the USSR no longer produced or
planned to produce 5th generation air superiority fighters. By 2009 the emerging threats of Russia
and China producing a 5th generation air superiority fighter reappeared, but this time with a much
reduced risk than associated with the Cold War. These changes in the US. strategic environment did
not eliminate the F–22 Raptor's primary purpose or adversary, but the late arrival and reduced
number of potential rival 5th generation air combatants made the F–22 Raptor less vital to the US.
Security Strategy. In Robert Gates' July 2009 speech to the Economic Club of Chicago, he described
the F–22 Raptor as a niche capability only designed to defeat other superpowers' highly advanced
fighter planes. When the Obama Administration limited the F–22 Raptor to 187 aircraft, they did so
with the full expectation that the US. possessed enough 5th generation capabilities to meet the
nation's strategic and security requirements. Gates' decision met with many critics, primarily
representatives of states that produce the F–22 Raptor components. They argued the DoD assumed
unreasonable and ill–advised operational risk and created a "dangerous capabilities gap" by halting
the F–22 Raptor to just 187 operational aircraft. They maintained Russia and China remain
significant and growing competitors in global strategic struggles, making the F–22 Raptor a
necessary capability

Air Warfare Research Paper
The use of Air Warfare.
The use of air warfare against enemy troops and other aircraft may cause harm to our soldier and the
United States itself. The use of the United State Air Force are coming out with new technology to
have a better chance with finding the enemy and putting them out of business.Why should the US
keep the Air Force and not just leave it to the Navy or the Army to use.Since they are there own
branch they have be making some much new technology that we are one of the best Air Force in the
world.
The use of the newer aircraft that the US Air Force engineers are coming out with are better than
ever. One of the newest aircrafts that may be ready for combat action is the F–35–A that is still in
the testing stage, which they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It takes a lot to become an air force pilot.You have to go thought basic training and you have to go to
cadet school to become a air force poilt. As most branch of the US military they all have to have
training. The air force is one of the hardest to join if you want to become a pilot. As it is you have to
be physically fit and mentally fit as well. To become an air force pilot you have to go through many
test and other things. Many people tried to join but you have to be one of the very best at what they
tell you to do.During the time airmen spend in training they have to learn the proud history of the
US air force.This is the very reason why people should know how important the US air force is and
how much we need to keep the air force they are very good at what they do and they are the defense
of the sky and space.
These are the many reason why we have an Air Force and why we should keep it and not give it to
another branch to use. There are many way to become an Air Force soldier.Why do people join the
Air force inside of joining the Marines or the army or even the US Navy because it take real skill to
fly a combat jet at high speed that if it were to crash there be huge disaster. It takes skill and courage
to fly one of the combat jet. The problems that might happen like you may get shot down by enemy
jet or a rocket launcher from enemy ground

Marketing Plan For Ford Motor Company
MARKETING PLAN
FORD MOTOR COMPANY
By: Candyce Watson
Final Report
05/11/2017
Five Year Marketing Plan for FORD, Inc.
Executive Summary
The Ford F–150 offers a model of truck that has high–strength, military–grade, aluminum alloys in
its body, a new design and smart standard technologies. We want consumers to see that the F–150
can bring excitement, durability and the whole new meaning of built Ford Tough. We also want our
target audience to see that we can still dominate the competition when it comes to having the best
series of trucks in United States history.
Company Description
For nearly seven decades, Ford F–Series trucks were the best selling vehicle in the United States,
and is still today. The Ford F–150 pickup ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Situation Analysis
An analysis of Ford, Inc. marketing environment reveals:
SWOT Analysis
Some of the strengths Ford has with the F–150 series is that the truck has been America's top seller
for the past 36 years, the fact that the truck outsells all of its competitors, it has the best fuel
economy with the V6 Ecoboost engine, and the truck has the best towing and payload capacity
compared to its competitors. Weaknesses that Ford has with the F–150 series would be that it is not
American made, like many people believe it to be. The truck is actually made in Mexico. The model
of truck has no diesel version, global sales declining, and the fact that ford hasn't utilized foreign
markets as much as its competitors. Opportunities include moving to more of a green initiative with
the vehicles including the truck, the chance to possible design a diesel model for the truck line,
increasing fuel prices, and possibly expanding the truck line further. Threats include decreasing fuel
prices, the price of materials to make the truck increase, loyal customers switching to different
brands like Chevy, Dodge, or GMC, and the electric car industry.

Industry Analysis
Environmental concerns and high gas prices hurt the truck market by sales volume. Automakers
have responded to concerns by expanding and offering more hybrid and cross–over utility vehicles.
Over the next few years, automakers will focus on making more fuel efficient models,

Korean Harbor Research Paper
WASHINGTON, DC – Somewhere off the Korean peninsula, two Russian TU–95 bombers were
approaching the ship on Sunday, October 6th. Flying 80 miles from the US carrier, 18 US Navy
fighter jets left from USS Ronald Reagan to approach these TU–95 bombers. The TU–95 bombers
and our own Navy fighter jets, which remained civil, without any incident. Within the general area
where the incident occurred, three US carriers were operating in the US navy's 7th fleet area of
operations. The three US carriers were the USS Ronald Reagan, USS Theodore Roosevelt, the USS
Nimitz. During the dispute, the USS Roosevelt paired up with the Nimitz which then joined the USS
Reagan in Japan. After Bringing these carriers in it started to draw attention to the region. When
adding military ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the inspection, the US and Russian aircrafts were said to be safe and professional by both
sides. A few months back on a different interaction, a Russian fighter intercepted a US bomber over
the Baltic Sea. This occurred in international waters. The US had another issue happen later in that
month pertaining a Russian SU–27 fighter jet, which flew just feet from a US Air Force RC–135
reconnaissance aircraft. After this interaction, it was deemed "unsafe." Russia came right back
around to deny the claim that its aircraft was the one at fault during the encounter. Russia states "we
intercepted two US reconnaissance aircrafts, as they approached the Russian boarder." Russia was
trying to turn this encounter back on the US, saying they were in Russia's territory. "There were
more than 30 interactions between Russian and US aircraft and ships near the Baltic Sea in the
month of June" says a US official from CNN Among all the other US carriers that were released, on
several occasions this summer US F–22 Raptors were also being released. These US F–22 Raptors
were being used to intercept Russian bombers and fighter jets flying off the coast of

Why Does Area 51 Exist
Introduction Over the years, Area 51 has developed a very mysterious reputation and it is confirmed
that Area 51 is in fact real because President Obama actually acknowledged it in one of his
speeches, but nobody knows what for sure goes on inside the compound because the CIA is very
secretive with all of its experiments, location, and how they keep all the different theories remaining
a mystery. In this paper you will find some information about how Area 51 does exist, and learn
about some of its experiments and what they actually use the compound for.
CIA
"It has taken almost 60 years, and the generation of enough myth to service a library of sci–fi
novels. But finally the US government has admitted what any self–respecting conspiracy theorist ...
"The President couldn't resist the opportunity to joke about the decades of theories surrounding
mysterious lights and aliens at the Nevada installation" (Miller, 2013, p.1). "Now, when you first
become President, one of the questions that people ask you is what's really going on in Area 51"
(Miller, 2013, p.1). "When I wanted to know, I'd call Shirley MacLaine. I think I just became the
first president to ever publicly mention Area 51. How's that, Shirley?" (Miller, 2013, p.1).
"According to The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance (2013), "The U–2
and OXCART Programs, 1954–1974, also gives new details about what the government was really
doing out there – developing new types of military aircraft, many of them weird looking and
unmanned – the secrecy around which fueled theories that, in some cases, helped mask what the
Americans were really plotting in the deep desert" (Jonsson, 2013, p.1). "The area became notorious
in America's cultural mythology in 1989, as the cold war wrapped up, when a Las Vegas man who
claimed to have worked at the facility told a fantastical tale about witnessing crashed alien space
hardware" (Jonsson, 2013, p.1). "According to Patrik Jonsson (2013), The National Security
Archives released a blockbuster CIA history that for the first time officially acknowledges the
existence of "the facility at Groom Lake" (Jonsson, 2013,

The Roles And Advantages And Types Of Mechanical Thrust...
CONTENTS Title Page No.
College Certificate
NAL Certificate
Declaration
Organisation Profile i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgement iii
Contents iv
List of Figures viii
List of Tables x
Nomenclature xi 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Examples 2 1.2 Types of Thrust Vectoring 4 1.2.1 Mechanical
Thrust Vectoring 5 1.2.1a Paddles, Vanes/Spoilers 5 1.2.1b Adjustable Nozzle 5 1.2.2 Fluidic ...
Nozzle geometry design 30 6.1 Grid diagrams of different geometries 30 6.2 Reasons for the
geometry selection 31 6.3 Various strut positions for 6&10 model 32
7. Softwares used and analysis 34
7.1 Introduction to Fluent 34 7.1.1 Program structure 34 7.1.2 Program capabilities 36 7.1.3 Solver
and conditions used in Fluent 37
7.2 Boundary conditions 38
8. Results and discussion 40 8.1 Comparison of preliminary results

Environmental Influence Of Silent Spring: Rachel Carson's...
Thesis: In Silent Spring Rachel Carson starts an environmental movement by informing the public
of the dangers of pesticides, which causes a shift in views towards pesticides and the harm they do
to the environment. DDT is WW II insecticide designed to rid the troops of disease carrying insects
such as lice and mosquitoes (Graham 56). Paul Hermann Muller, the chemist who invented DDT,
was even awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology Medicine. However no research was done on the
environmental impact of the chemicals. DDT soon became the miracle pesticide used everywhere
until concerns began to surface as animals began dying off. The problem with DDT is that it does
not break down into harmless chemicals, so the dangerous compounds are passed through the food
chain (Graham 15). Because DDT is fat soluble, it is ingested by an animal and then stored in its fat.
As DDT passes through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The National Environmental Policy Act was enacted in 1969 focused on assessing the
environmental impact of any governmental project. Senator Gaylord Nelson proposed the first Earth
Day which occurred on April 22, 1970. The Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Toxic Substances
Control Act were all passed by 1976, all with the intention of protecting the environment (Harlan
118). Rachel Carson's call to protect the environment is still being heard today by our politicians. In
1996 President Clinton enacted The Food Quality Act which requires the EPA to again review the
effects of pesticides (Milestones). Vice President AL Gore cites Rachel Carson as an inspiration in
his book An inconvenient Truth. When Gore was a child his mother read Silent Spring to him and
his sister Gore 10). Gore writes, "The book's lessons made a huge impression on us. The way we
thought about nature and the earth was never the same (10)." Now AL Gore is one of the main
spokespersons of a new environmental war, global

My Current Level Of Responsibility And Contribution Of The...
Please summarize your current level of responsibility and contribution to your organization's
strategy. My current job title is Merchant Services & Commercial Support Manager and I am
responsible for producing analytical reports measuring sales and portfolio performance of the
merchant services division. The reoccurring reports determine the performance of the entire
portfolio while identifying new opportunities, helping mitigate risks, and making fact–based
decisions. Reports are also used to determine incentive payments to sales consultants. I work on a
team that uses data reports to cultivate analytical resources, which evaluate and track the company's
strategic goals. We research ways to implement predictive and prescriptive ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The EMBA curriculum provides students an opportunity to apply what's learned in class to real–
world business in the local area. Additionally, my 25+ years, performing as a data analyst and
working well within a team, will be an asset to the learning environment. I am an ideal UNC EMBA
candidate due to the knowledge I have directed numerous multi–million dollar projects, which
required flexibility, accountability, and respect for diversity. I will use these traits to enhance the
learning experience of fellow students and myself. Additionally, I formalized my five–year career
plan with my manager. He is a recent Duke MBA alumnus, so we reviewed the UNC EMBA
curriculum and discussed which electives, and program concentrations that would be integral to a
successful banking career. Leveraging my military experience, completion of a graduate degree, and
obtaining other banking certifications, will prove I am motivated and ready for greater
responsibilities/promotions as they become available.
The EMBA Classroom is a dynamic environment because students learn from both faculty and
fellow students. How will you contribute to this unique learning environment? My contributions to
the learning environment will be maturity, flexibility, and teamwork. My maturity and experience
will help with cohort projects because I understand that each person in the group has creditable
inputs and that it takes patience

Military Aircraft During World War II
Military aircraft have become extremely technologically advanced and task specific throughout the
history of air warfare. As soon as aircraft were put to use in warfare they became a necessity to win
and advance. The biggest technological advances in military aircraft began after World War 2. There
are planes designed for specific tasks such as air to ground combat, air to air combat, surveillance,
bombing, mail carriers, and troop transportation. All of these different tasks performed by military
aircraft play a key role in the success of our military. The start of the military using aircraft as a
tactical advantage in warfare began in World War 1. When the war had begun no country even
dreamed of aircraft being used as an effective and practical weapon. At this time aircraft had a very
small carrying capacity making it impossible for these aircraft to carry a bomb large enough to do
any major damage. The earliest efforts to militarize aircraft started in Italy where it then spread to
other european countries. Following close behind italy was france who started buying planes in
1910 and then began using them for military purposes in 1911. Soon after Russia developed the first
large bombing aircraft known as an "air giant". At this point in time the United States lagged behind
in the race to militarize aircraft compared to its european counterparts. Everyone was just beginning
to look into the use of aircraft in warfare and they saw little hope. The first

Personal Narrative: Growing Up In A National Honor Society
I was five when I saw an f–22 Raptor break the sound barrier. There was a lull in the atmosphere as
it silently glided across the sky, I counted...one, two, three; it was out of sight. Behind it came the
sound like a tsunami on an empty beach, crashing and rattling everything in its path. It was
beautiful. I looked to my aunt, uncle, and mother all in battle dress with a grin. I knew I had to fly.
The discipline I learned from growing up in a military family has prepared and inspired my pursuit
of flight.
I was seven when my Uncle Jeff deployed to Afghanistan for the first time. My aunt returned from
an assignment in Japan deeply worried for my uncle. Being a vehicle operations specialist, my uncle
led a convoy and would be the first affected ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No matter how bothersome it was when my parents got on my back for not saying "Yes ma'am" or
"No sir," I now realize they were teaching me responsibility, integrity, respect, and leadership.When
I pinned my mother's rank of Master Sergeant to her shoulder it instilled a sense of pride in my
family. We earned that insignia alongside her through all of our sacrifices over the years. My
inclination towards engineering and flying is reflective of the dedication and pride my family has set
before me. Between my mother who would arrive home late due to her six–hour commute and my
cousin who depended on my family while his parents served in Afghanistan, I learned what it meant
to be selfless. These members of my family, these role models, show me every day what it means to
put service before self. These are the footsteps I aspire to follow

Boeing Working Title
Boeing A Working Title...
Boeing
History
(Encyclopedia Britannica) Boeing can trace its origins all the way back to 1916. American timber
merchant William E. Boeing founded the Aero Products Company after he and U.S. Navy officer
Conrad Westervelt develop a single engine seaplane. The seaplane was called the B&W Seaplane. In
1917 the company was renamed Boeing Airplane Company. Also in 1917 Boeing would go on to
produce seaplanes for the US Navy. Also in 1917 Boeing would go on to produce seaplanes for the
US Navy. Thus starting a long and lucrative relationship between Boeing and the U.S. Armed
Forces. From the 1920s to the 1930s Boeing produced a vast array of aircraft for the U.S. Military.
This included training planes, pursuit planes, observation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This allowed a pilot who trained in one aircraft to virtually be able to fly the other thus reducing
crew training cost and increasing productivity for the airlines. As the years passed technology
increased. Traditionally when Boeing designed an airplane they would have to build a mock–up.
With the advancement of the computer, the need to build mock–ups were no more. The 777 was
developed fully on computers. In 1991 Lockheed Martin, Boeing, and General Dynamics teamed up
to build a new stealth fighter for the United States military. The aircraft would later be called the F–
22 Raptor. In 1995 Boeing joined Ukrainian, Russian, and Norway, to form Sea Launch. It was a
commercial launch services that sent satellites into orbit.In 2008 Boeing began taking orders for its
new 787 Dreamliner. With fuel costs on the rise in the late 2000s, many airlines saw the 787 as a
way to upgrade their fleet. The 787 was faced with several production problems. Some of which
included the failure of a crucial fuselage section. Consequently, the 787 was not delivered until
2011. On January 2013 the Federal Aviation Administration issued an airworthiness directive
forcing all 787 to be grounded. Until the

Lockheed Martin Case Study
Lockheed Martin is a major security and aerospace company headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland.
Employing over 97,000 employees worldwide, Lockheed Martin is principally focused on research,
design, development, manufacture, integration, and sustainment of advanced technology systems,
products, and services (Lockheed Martin at a Glance, n.d.). Lockheed Martin is organized into broad
business areas to include aeronautics ($17.8 billion in 2016 sales), missile and fire control (6.6
billion in 2016 sales), rotary and mission systems (13.5 billion in 2016 sales), and space systems
(9.4 billion in 2016 sales) (Lockheed Martin at a Glance, n.d.). To better understand the global giant
that is today's Lockheed Martin, a historical look at the two companies that merged in 1995 and their
respective accomplishments is essential. The Glenn L. Martin company was established by Glenn L.
Martin in Los Angeles, California in 1912, after building a self–designed plane at the urging of
Orville Wright (Lockheed Martin at a Glance, n.d.). A few month later and less than 500 miles away,
Allan and Malcomb Lockheed founded the Alco Hydro–Aeroplane Company, later renamed the
Lockheed Aircraft Company, focused on seaplane construction (Lockheed Martin at a Glance, n.d.).
Although the two companies would not merge until 1995, the impact, contributions, and legacy of
these companies both prior to the merger and beyond have played a significate role in the defense
industry and the overall defense posture of the United States. Both the Martin Company and
Lockheed Aircraft Company had significant accomplishments prior to creating the joint company
that is in existence today. The Martin Company was responsible for achieving the first major over–
ocean flight, the first successful scout–torpedo bomber for the U.S. Navy, the first successful trans–
Pacific flight in a Martin M–130 seaplane, development and production of the B–26 Marauder
bomber for World War 2, the Pershing ballistic missile, and the Titan I intercontinental ballistic
missile (Lockheed Martin at a Glance, n.d.). In 1961, the Martin Company merged with the
American–Marietta Corporation to become the Martin Marietta Corporation. Additional
contributions from the

Titanium Cold War
The Cold War facilitated an arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union that helped
advance space, nuclear and aircraft technology. The need for better aircraft prompted both nations to
search for and develop new and better performing materials. One of the new materials was titanium.
Titanium heled revolutionize airspace technology and was a critical component of some of the most
groundbreaking aircraft ever built. Titanium was discovered in by William Gregor in 1791. Gregor
was a pastor who was fascinated with minerals and kept his own amateur journal where he recorded
his observations. One day when Gregor was doing research a stream in the parish of Mannacan in
Cornwall, England he noticed black metallic sand at the bottom. He ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One of titanium's most important uses is in aerospace technology used by the United States Air
Force. Titanium is very beneficial because it is corrosion resistant, has a high strength to density
ratio, resists fatigue and racking, and is temperature resistant. Because of these properties titanium
has many applications for the Air Force. In aircraft titanium is crucial to engine parts because it can
handle high temperatures and stress. It is used in modern aircraft, such as the F–22 raptor, and was
one of the key components in the record holding SR–71 Blackbird. Because of its low weight and
heat resistance titanium is also used in spacecraft and ballistic, air–to–air and air–to–ground
missiles. Since titanium has roughly the same weight as aluminum and the strength or iron it has
many armor applications. The most noticeable for the US Air Force is in the "bathtub" like shell that
protects the pilot of the A–10. Titanium is invaluable to the US Air Force; titanium and its alloys
have numerous applications in modern aerospace technology, have been used in some of the most
influential and important Air Force missions, and have the potential for future applications that
could once again result in a drastic shift in aerospace

Virtual Teams
Virtual Teams in Action: Building the F–35 Fighter
Case Study 1
By:
Alyssa Dimeck
MGT 404
10/09/2011
Professor Samuel Palmeri
Virtual Teams in Action: Building the F–35 Fighter
CASE SUMMARY
The U.S. Department of Defense is known for their F–35 Lighting II Program; the focal point for
defining affordable next generation stealth fighter aircraft. In 2002, the Department of Defense
announced Lockheed Martin Aeronautic as the designer and builder of the fighter with Northrop
Grumman and BAE Systems as the major partners. The fighter was noted by proponents of the
program, "to bring cutting edge technology to the battle space of the future". The immense project
consisted of countries all over the world, working as a single team ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Having a clear and specific job description would create organization within a team; this would
generate a better organization as a whole for teams working together both nationally and
internationally.
KEY LEARNING 2: JOB DESIGN
Another key learning from the case and text is also something I believe was a key success factor in
the production of the F–35 Fighter, and that is job design. In only four years the project was
completed and "performed beautifully". This goal could not have been achieved without
implementing job design, which is concerned with structuring jobs in order to improve organization
efficiency and employee job satisfaction (Bohlander & Snell, 2010). Lack of employee job
satisfaction is critical to the success of any business or organization because it constitutes such
behaviors as lack of motivation, commitment, and promotes employee absenteeism and higher
turnover rates. Of course it is impossible to satisfy every employee's needs, but if these behaviors
were more common than not, in the production of the F–35, it would not have been such a success.
Fredrick Herzberg, the originator of job enrichment, defined the concept as, "fulfilling the high
motivational needs of employees, such as self–fulfillment and self–esteem, while achieving long–
term job

B-2 Spirit Bomber Essay
The B–2 Spirit Bomber is a stealth bomber plane that was created in 1987. It was originally
designed to be a part of, the United States long–range strike arsenal. It was made to penetrate air
defenses while remaining undetected by radar. The B–2 has a wingspan of 172ft. It can fly at an
altitude of 50,000 ft. it is also able to fly at a top speed of 628 miles per hour. The B–2 is designed
for stealth it was built with a radar absorbent coating to preserve; another material is sprayed on the
plane by robots called alternate high–frequency material. The B–2 is also a heavy hitting plane that
is capable of carrying 40,000lbs of Conventional, (nonnuclear weapons) Nuclear (weapons using the
energy of an atom) and gravity bombs (bombs that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was made to collect air samples of wherever there was any known atmospheric nuclear testing in
progress. The RB–57 has a wingspan of 64 ft. A height of 15ft and 6in, and a length of 65ft. The B–
57's maximum speed is 550 mph. It can fly at an altitude of 67,000 ft. It was designed to gather
intelligence of the nuclear testing of enemies. The plane was also equipped with high–resolution
cameras to gather ground intelligence. The plane was equipped was mainly sent on missions to
collect airborne debris from the sky. This function was on the behalf of the Atomic Energy
Commission, Who wanted to protect the U.S from nuclear threat, and further research atomics. This
was because at the time there was nuclear testing by the enemies. The life of the RB–57 was short
lived. With the creation of new technology, there was soon no real need for the plane. When others
like the SR–71 came out. The new planes were able to do more than ThRB–57 could do and were
able to do it faster. Even so, the RB–57 was a great plane that will always be remembered. F–117
Night Hawk Stealth Fighter

Can Lean Work For Your Service Oriented Business Case Study
CAN LEAN WORK FOR YOUR SERVICE–ORIENTED BUSINESS?
Susan Kinkle
MBA
Operations Management
December 14, 2017
Module 5
Final Paper
Can Lean Work for Your Service–Oriented Business?
Lean processes have been a part of manufacturing businesses for many years. We have studied Fords
interchangeable parts and Toyota–style lean methods in our business classes and may have
embraced much of the terminology in our own companies. Muda means waste, and there are endless
examples of companies that have done great things to limit or nearly eliminate waste. While it is
easy to identify the Lean stars of manufacturing, leaning up a service business can be a bit trickier.
While entirely possible to do so there are things to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Alsmadi, M., Almani, A., & Jerisat, R., 2012, p. 382).
In services, Lean must focus on eliminating waste differently than manufacturing. Minimizing lead
times between customer demand and fulfillment can be one of the ways to reduce waste. The
services sector is now moving towards enhancing the customer experience. With this goal, there
should be proper alignment between efforts to improve operational efficiency and achieving more
customer satisfaction. (Ganapathy, 2015, p. 5).
For years companies have turned to IT (Information Technology) to make things easier and reduce
the waste of paper and human computers. When companies find themselves regularly maintaining
and upgrading their software is there room for Lean in software development? With business
requirements perpetually changing can a business get to the place where the system is good enough?
Cost cutbacks, faster time–to–market, improved products and differentiated services are now the
essential pillars in managing any software development process. The shift has been to move away
from the customary Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) approach to newer standards that
provide higher certainty and decreased risk by ensuring that business deadlines are met. (Pillai, A.,
Pundir, A., & Ganapathy, L., 2012, p. 107).
As a methodology for waste reduction, one should interpret the Lean concept in the software context
in a more significant way. Non–value–added activities in a software environment could be

Department Of Defense Strategy Essay
In 2009, Robert Gates, Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) convinced the President (POTUS) and
Congress to truncate the F22 program, leaving the U.S. Air Force (USAF) with less than 190
operational 5th Generation air to air and air to ground combatants, this number of operational F22
was well short of the 381 the USAF estimated they needed to meet mission requirements. (AWC 1/
site) Robert Gates terminated the F22 production because of its low return on investments (ROI) for
the U.S. taxpayer caused by the change in the U.S. Security and Strategic Environments and the
obsolescent nature of the U.S. Department of Defense acquisition and development process leading
to very expensive and marginally effective aircraft, which simply was not worth the investment.
This essay will explore how the actual cost, including opportunity cost, of F22 capabilities were too
expensive and unnecessary in today's security and strategic environments. It will also expose the
obsolete and probably corrupt nature of the Department of Defense weapons procurement process
and Secretary Gates attempts to change this process.
In 1981, the Soviet Union represented an existential threat to the U.S security. The F22 was
designed to defeat Soviet Air superiority aircraft making it a vital capability in the U.S. Defense
Strategy. (site) During the 25 years ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By ending of the F22 production early he attempted to install reforms in the U.S. capabilities
acquisition process. He stressed the need to match realistic requirements with realistic capabilities
and to avoid the exquisite capabilities needed to meet the unrealistic threat. (site). Gates ended the
F22 program to move the DOD away from The "congressional military industrial complex 's"
(CMIC) self serving search for unique and unnecessary capabilities to combat "super" adversities
with unlimited time and resources.

Swot Analysis of Lockheed Martin
Lockheed Martin Corp.
Lockheed Martin Corporation is an advanced technology firm that is on the cutting edge of research
in aeronautics, space, systems and IT technologies. The product of a 1995 merger between
Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta Corporation, 80% of Lockheed Martin's market is the
U.S. Government through the Department of Defense and intelligence, civilian and Homeland
Security organizations. With 2010 sales of $45.8 billion and a $78.2 billion backlog, Lockheed
Martin ranked 54th on the Fortune 500 list.
Customer Base: As a global security and information technology company, the majority of
Lockheed Martin's business is with the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. federal
government agencies. In fact, Lockheed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The US government is currently operating under a continuing resolution that is effective through
March 4, 2011 and its budget for 2011 has not been finalized."
Non–finalized budgeted government projects and the lack of defense spending is Lockheed Martin's
greatest weakness.
D. Lockheed Martin through the years has acquired other companies under its brand, essentially
making themselves a power house. When these acquisitions and mergers fail, they become a
weakness for the company. One of the most notable merger fails in the past was one with Northrop
Grumman Corp. The Computer Business Review (CBR) reported:
"Lockheed Martin said it had been unable to reach an acceptable settlement with the US
Government over the deal, which would have created a combined company with revenues of some
$37bn. The move was part of the general rush to consolidate in the defense industry. Los Angeles–
based Northrop says it now plans to grow its information technology and services business, which
currently contributes $1bn to its revenues, to double that figure over the next five years."
Lockheed Martin was attempting to consolidate the Defense Industry, in reality they were trying to
put a strangle hold on it. The advantage would have been setting the market price heavily in their
favor since they bought out all the other competitors. The government wasn't naive to what they
were doing and it cost Lockheed

Lockheed : Core Competencies, Key Strengths, And Key...
Milestone 2: Core Competencies, Key Strengths, & Key Weaknesses
Lockheed Martin Corporation is the largest Defense Contractor in the world with $46 billion in net
sales in 2015 (10–K, 2016). Has been the prime contractor in many of the Air Forces biggest
projects in recent years. No other contractor has been awarded a fighter or attack aircraft contract
since 1988.
Strengths
Market Leading Position. Lockheed Martin is the world's leader in combat and logistical aircraft,
anti–missile systems, maritime surveillance and recon systems, space systems, and unmanned
aircraft. In conjunction with providing systems they are also the largest supplier of IT services,
system integration, and training to the United States Government. They have ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Advanced Technologies. Lockheed Martin is bringing decades of experience of developing cutting
edge technologically advanced systems to the marketplace. Through their legendary Skunkworks
program, they have developed the F–117 Nighthawk stealth fighter, U–2 Dragon Lady spy plane and
the SR–71 Blackbird. These are craft were operational long before the public even knew of their
existence. The SR–71 developed in the 1960s still holds many speed and altitude records. The F–35
takes this experience and incorporates it. It is a fully stealth aircraft that uses advanced geometrical
shape and electronic methods to remain undetectable. Each F–35 is fully linked to all other aircraft,
being able to "see" what they see. The pilot wears an advanced helmet that allows them to see
"through" the aircraft using 6 infrared cameras mounted around the aircraft, virtually eliminating
any blind spots.
Weaknesses
Cost Overruns. "The F–35 program has become the single most expensive project in the nation's
history. It has been beset with serious technical problems, major schedule delays, cost overruns, and
the F–35's performance capabilities are seen by many as inferior to the nation's potential adversaries'
fighter aircraft, if not inferior to the aircraft it is intended to replace." (Hughes, p. 1, 2015). The F–
35 was to have a "fly away" cost of $89–200 million depending on the variant. But this has soared to
$208–304 million currently. This stems from the

Research Paper On Desert Storm
Desert Storm
"This will not stand, this aggression against Kuwait."–President George H.W Bush, Aug 6,1990.
Desert Storm was the largest build up of U.S forces since the Vietnam War. Within a short period
members of the 82nd Airborne Division as well as 300 combat aircraft were deployed to the Middle
East. Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait with 120,000 military personnel 2,000 of which were tanks.
Iraq's Air Force at the time was the largest but it was week. They choose quantity over quality also,
their Navy was virtually nonexistent. Iraq rolled over Kuwait in two days because Iraq owed $80
million in foreign debt from its war with Iran. Saddam Hussein demanded Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
forgive $30 million in Iraq's debt. He accused Kuwait of stealing Iraqi oil through slant drilling. At
the time Iraq had the fifth largest army in the world. They boasted more than a million men in
uniform in 1991 but only a third of those were skilled professional fighting forces. Iraq rule over
Kuwait was very brutal and harsh. America decided that it could not stand by had watch. By the end
of September 1990 there were nearly 200,000 American personnel in Saudi Arabia enough to repel
any Iraqi attack. The Gulf War coasted an estimation of 63 billion but, for the U.S this was a
relatively cheap war. Over 18,000 fighter jets were deployed to combat the Iraqi Air Force. This was
the most massive and effective air campaign ever with the U.S only losing 63 combat aircraft. Over
a short period of time the Iraqi death toll was over 9,000 the U.S on the other hand only had 1 M.I.A
soldier and 383 fatalities in the region more Americans died back home from H.I.V (29,850). The
U.S captured over 70,000 enemy troops in the eight months that the war took place. This war
brought many new technologies, the Army and Air Force were supplied with most of the new tech.
The Marines on the other hand were issued with Vietnam dated gear and outdated version of newer
tanks, aircraft, and guns. The U.S military at the time of desert storm used M16A1 M16A2 Car–15
XM4 Carbine M60 MP5 M249 m240 M9 M1911 Barret M82 M24 sniper M2HB M72Law M16 and
M47 Dragon. The U.S also a new and advanced platform of tanks known as the M1 series. They
used the M1 Abrams MBT

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