KRONSBERG , GERMANY BEST PRACTICE

1. KRONSBERG,
HANNOVER,
GERMANY.
KKKH4284 SUSTAINABLE URBAN
PLANNING
TASK 4: EU BEST PRACTIVES

2. GROUP MEMBERS:
MUHAMMAD SAFUAN BIN CHE AHMED
(A133024)
AHMAD NAZRUL HAKIMI BIN IBRAHIM
(A133762)
MUHAMMAD RAMADHAN BIN ZAKARIA
(A133409)
LECTURES:
PROF IR DR RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH B OK RAHMAT
DR MUHAMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN
MRS NORLIZA BT MOHD AKHIR

3. INTRODUCTIO
N

4. • Location: Hannover, Germany
• Dates: Planned 1990-1994,1996-2000 first phase.
Ongoing.
• Type: New construction in greenfield area at city edge.
• Use: Residential, services, open space.
• Size: 160 hectares, 3,000 dwellings first phase, final
size 6,000 dwellings.
• People: 6,500 residents first phase, 15,000 after
completion.
: 3,000 jobs created nearby
KRONSBER
G

5. TARGET OF URBAN
DEVELOPMENT IN
KRONSBERG
As a result, new standards are required for
Kronsberg in:
 urban development
 ecology
 social planning
The goal is also for the:
 planning process and
 civic participant
to be exemplary

6. PASSIVE
HOUSE

7. • Conception of passive houses was developed
in the late eighties.
• Super insulated houses with mechanical
ventilation and heat recovery proofed to
provide high thermal comfort with extreme
low specific heat energy consumption of
about 15 kWh/ (m2a)
• Energy conservation of about 75% compared
to conventional buildings.
CONCEPT

8. • The 32 terraced houses in Hannover Kronsberg are
arranged in 4 rows with 8 houses each row.
• This arrangement offers the advantage of reduced
envelope surface area to volume ratio.
• The houses are type buildings which are available in three
sizes with 79, 97, and 120 m2 floor area respectively.
• The main intention of this project was to show, that heat
supply in passive houses can be realized by warming up the
supply air of the balanced ventilation system.
• So these houses have no conventional heating system with
radiators, except one in the bathroom
THE
PROJECT

9. • Walls and roofs are made of light-weight
wooden construction
• The core of the building, the cross-walls and
end-walls are made of prefabricated concrete
elements.
• This modular construction allowed cost
reduction, so it was possible to achieve pure
building costs that are as low as for
conventional building
CONSTRUCTIO
N

10. • Controlled mechanical ventilation with heat
recovery requires air- tightness.
 Controlled air supply and exhaust-air extraction
with heat recovery.
 The inhabitants may open doors and windows,
but they do not need to accomplish ventilation
through windows during the heating period
Solar hot water storage and supply-air
heater (SAH).
Mechanical ventilation system
with heat recovery

11. ENERGY

12. • All the built structure were to meet Low Energy
House Standard (LEH).
• This was possible only when the design had a
compact building form with few projections and
recessions.
• The required space index is 55kWh/m2.
• This was possible through
 thicker insulation layers of walss
 airtight and windproof building envelopes
 avoidance of thermal bridges
 installation of very well insulations windows.

13.  Energy Efficiency Optimization at Kronsberg
ENVIRONMENT
ECOLOGICAL
STANDARDS ENERGY

14. PROJECT
1
• Solar City
2
• Passive solar houses
3
• Solar district heating system
4
• Wind turbines

15.  Solar district heating system
 Passive solar houses : Passive solar houses in the project use heat
exchangers to meet their heating needs. One of the CHP plants is run
by fuel cells, and was a demonstration project for the Exposition.
 Wind turbines : Two wind turbines provide 3,000 dwellings with
electricity.
 Photovoltaic cell technology.
SOLAR CITY

16. • Decentral cogeneration heating plant
• Compulsory connection to the network
• Only 5% more expensive than
new-build developments with
district heating connections elsewhere
in the city
DISTRICT
HEATING

17. • The most important renewable
energy source on Kronsberg is
wind power.
• Tow large and one smaller wind
turbines to provide enough
energy for 3,000 houses
WIND
ENERGY

18. “Good TRANSPORT SERVICES and
communication linking people to jobs, school,
health and other services”
TRANSPORTATIO
N &
CONNECTIVITY

19. TRAM ROUTE
• A new direct light rail transit service links the settlement with the
city centre (17 minutes).
• Three tram stops serve Kronsberg, each within easy walking
distance of all homes, and providing a fast service to Hanover city
centre.
• The transport systems has been specially designed to enable
disabled access.
• The main motorised traffic flow is channelled along the edge of the
development beside the tramline to minimise nuisance to residents.

20. TRAFFIC CALMING
• In the residential area the car access is forbidden, except for Kronsberg
residents. Narrow sections on the roads, 30 kph zones, and priority to the
right at junctions, are effective traffic calming measures.
PARKING SPACE
• Car parking spaces are mainly arranged in small areas, either set into the
hill-side or at ground level.
• To reduce the parking space needs in the inner courts, a parking space
ratio of 0.8 per apartment was set at Kronsberg.
• This was compensated for by a 0.2 increase in the ratio for parking spaces
on the public streets, which means that they are better used over the day,
and the area needed for motorised access in built-up areas is reduced.

21. CYCLE PRIORITY LAYOUT
• A cycle-friendly street layout with a
designated cycle street running the
length of the district offers, together
with a dense network of rural and
urban footpaths, an attractive
alternative to private motorised
transport.
Cycle street

22. “Providing places for people to live in an
environmentally-friendly way”
ENVIRONMEN
T

23. • The quality of housing is an important consideration at
Kronsberg, and a variety of architects and developers
were engaged to design individual urban blocks within
the overall master plan to create variety and interest in
the buildings. ƒKronsberg provides an extensive range of
housing types, from small one-bedroomed apartments
to large family homes, catering for all ages and
circumstances, including the elderly and disabled.
• There is also a variety of tenures available across the
site including affordable housing with moderate rents,
low rent homes and owner-occupied residences.
HOUSING AND THE
BUILT
ENVIRONMENT

24. • The site has several well-used public open spaces including
two neighborhood parks, each with distinctive designs to help
define different areas of Kronsberg, and a number of children’s
play areas. Residents also have access to semiprivate
courtyards, and in many cases, to private gardens or terraces.

25. • The Kronsberg Water Concept deals with the effects that a large
development can have on the local water table, the necessity for
water conservation, and raising awareness of water issues through
visible systems.
• “The ‘Mulden-Rigolen’system for decentralized retention and
infiltration of rainwater” was used throughout Kronsberg to create
a system of retention and infiltration that would not cause large
changes to the local water ecology
• Of the daily usage of 142 L of drinking water per person in
Germany, most runs through the shower, bath, wash-basin and
toilet straight to the drains. Only about three liters are used either
for drinking, or for cooking. As water provider, the Hanover
Municipal Water-works is aiming to reduce that figure to 100 L per
person. Economy aerators have been installed in wash-basins.
These reduce water-consumption greatly, although it is barely
perceptible. Flow-limiters and flow stabilizers are also effective.
WATER

27. • Within the framework of the Regional capital Hanover and
KUKA energy economy programme, each household will
receive two aerators free of charge. These economy measures
have had their effects in other directions too; the pipes for
drinking water are smaller than usual, and are laid exclusively
for drinking water and not, as is more often the case, also for
fire-fighting requirements.

29. • All precipitation on built up and paved areas is absorbed,
collected and gradually released. Equipment of all apartments
with water devices. A rainwater management system collects
and treats rainwater on-site in ‘grassed hollows’ that run
alongside the pavements, before it flows into a retention area
and ultimately feeds into a nearby stream. Two ‘hillside
avenues’ running vertically through the scheme provide
additional retention areas during periods of heavy rainfall. An
attractive landscape feature, they also help raise awareness of
water issues to residents.

31. • The Kronsberg Waste Management Concept includes building waste, and
domestic and commercial waste.
Construction waste
• The city of Hannover reached a contractual agreement with
developers to use exclusively environmentally compatible and
healthy building materials.
• For construction phase they required to sort building waste on site
• Signs were fixed to the various waste skips on site to make it clear
which waste belonged in which classification
• Developers are required to use materials for construction that are
non-toxic and recyclable, 80% of construction waste was not
landfilled.
WASTE

33. COMMERCIALAND DOMESTIC WASTE
• The main component was setting up innovative
collection systems that is attractively designed
container parks close to the houses
• Owners of detach houses often compost organic
waste in their gardens.
• This can reduces waste volume of Kronsberg by
30% to 154 kg per person and year compared to
Hannover average of 219 kg per person and year
• Recycling stations for pre-separated waste such as
paper, packaging and organics, are situated through
the neighborhoods and underground glass recycling
bins help minimize the visual impact of such
facilities.

34. • Systems for pre-sorted waste collection, encouragement
of home composting, and encouragement for retailers to
use low-packaging retail goods were part of the domestic
and household waste plan, as well as a “dense network of
repair and alteration services” throughout the
development that encourage people to follow the motto
‘mend it, don’t dump it’.

35. THANK YOU