Dear visitor Aslam o Alik m! Here is a presentation of "HYDLE ENERGY IMPACT ON PAKISTAN'S ECONOMY" is related to current energy crisis in Pakistan . gives suggestion about mistake in here. Regard: ATTIQUE AHMED MS.c(ECONOMICS) PMAS-ARID AGRICULTURE UNIVERSTY RAAWALPIND PAKISTAN

2. IMPACT OF HYDLE ENERGY ON PAKISTAN’S
ECONOMY
by
Attique Ahmed
MS.c (Economics)
11-arid-2596

3.  Energy is a physical quantity that describes the
amount of work that can be done by a force you
can say it’s the capacity for doing work.
 Energy is a part and parcel of, industrial
economic, development and quality of life

4.  Hydroelectric power captures the energy released
from falling water.
 In the most simplistic terms, waterfalls due to
gravity, which causes kinetic energy to be
converted into mechanical energy, which in turn
can be converted into a useable form of electrical
energy.

5.  Ancient Greeks used wooden water wheels to
convert kinetic energy into mechanical energy as
far back as 2,000 years ago.
 In 1882 the first hydroelectric power plant was
built in the United States using a fast flowing
river.
 Humans in time began creating dams to store
water at the most convenient locations in order to
best utilize power capacity.

6.  In 1947 Pakistan had 69 MW installed power
generation capability.11(MW) was hydle & 58(MW)
thermal.
 The Mangla Dam on the Jhelum River in the
Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the
16th largest dam in the world. It was built from 1961
to 1967 with funding from the World Bank.
 Pakistan was started dam 1968(TARBELA)
&completed 1974.

9.  Pakistan is the poorest of the poor as far as energy
consumption per capita is concerned.
 Pakistan ranks 25th in World Energy consumption and 31st
in Electricity production.
 Per Capita electrical consumption per year of Pakistan is
470kWh, of Malaysia 2,708 & of Singapore 6,775 kWh
 Pakistan has developed 12% of total hydel potentials,
India has 30% & rich countries 75% of hydel potential
(souurce:Prof. S.M. Bhutta2009)

10.  Pakistan has been blessed with ample water
resources but could store only 13% of the annual
flow of its rivers.
 In contrast US has developed 497% storage
capacity of annual flow of River Colorado.
 Egypt possesses 281% of River Nile.
 India 35% on Sutlej-Bias Basin.

11.  It is worth mentioned that WAPDA has generated 27614
GWH in year 2009-10 which were enhanced to 31511
GWH in year 2010-11 @ Rs.1.06 per unit by hydle
whereas equivalent thermal unit is being produced @
Rs.10.00 per unit thus WAPDA made a saving of
Rs.65847 million in one year.
o All these statistics warrant construction of number of
reservoirs to enhance availability of water which stands
at 1070 cubic meter per capita. Anything below 1000
cubic meter tantamount to a crisis situation.
source:WAPDA

13.  “Yesterday is not ours to recover, but tomorrow is
ours to win or to lose”. (Lyndon B. Johnson)
 Has Hydle energy some affects on economy?
 To highlight the current situation of power in
Pakistan?
 How much hydle power production potential in
Pakistan?

14. STUDY AREA
o The present study is about analyzing the impact
of hydle energy on Pakistan’s Economy.
o We use Gross Domestic Product as dependent
variable and independent variables are “ hydle
thermal and nuclear energy”.
o The period of data is from 1971 to 2010.

15. DATA COLLECTION SOURCES
 Economic. Survey of Pakistan (various issues),
 Federal. Bureau of Statistics.(FBS),
 Internet sources.(WAPDA)

16. GENERAL FORM OF THE MODEL
 GDP = f (HDL_E, THR_E, NCL_E,)
ECONOMETRIC MODEL
GDPt=β0+β1 log(Hdl_E)+logβ2 (Thr_E)+β3
log(Ncl_E+µ)

17. We checks here the some basic assumption of
CLRM
o AUTO CORELATION
Serial LM test
o HETEROSKEDASTICITY
White Heteroskedasticity Test

19. o My model shows that 23% of our growth
affected due to the energy. So takes some
steps for produce to cheap energy.
o Although Pakistan has 100,000 (MW)
potential for production of hydle energy in
which 50,000(MW) potential has
indentified but we cannot use it without
proper and affective long term polices at
least ten to fifteen years are required to
use this potential .

20.  It is recommended to build big medium and
small water reservoir for the production of
cheaper electricity that pays affective role in
the development process of country.
 Pakistan haves best network of cannel
system of the world we should use these
network for production of hdyle electricity.
 Efforts should be made to discourage IPP’s
for the production of thermal electricity.

21. Thank you…..!!!