Lesson 4 pptx plants bacteria viruses and fungi

1. ClickBiology
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Extended Level
Classification
Plants, Bacteria, Viruses
and Fungi

2. ClickBiology
You should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment

3. ClickBiology
Flowering plants are classified into
two groups:
Monocotyledonous plants
1 cotyledon
strap like leaves
parallel veins
flower parts divisible by 3
example: kaffir lily

4. ClickBiology
Flowering plants are classified into
two groups:
Dicotyledonous plants
2 cotyledons
broad leaves
branching veins
flower parts divisible by 4
or 5

5. ClickBiology
Comparing monocotyledons and
dicotyledons:

6. ClickBiology
Which plant is a monocotyledon
and which is a dicotyledon?
dicotyledon monocotyledon

7. ClickBiology
You should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment

8. ClickBiology
Bacteria are single celled
organisms
•Bacteria cells are about 1/1000th the size of animal or
plant cells.
cell membrane
cytoplasm
DNA
cell wall
slime capsule
made of
peptidoglycans
no nucleus,
DNA is one
long strand
kept in the
cytoplasm

9. ClickBiology
Viruses are not classified as living
things as they are not made of cells
•Viruses are very small, approximately 100nm
across (1nm = 1/1000 000 of a mm)
proteins of the
virus coat
RNA
cross section of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
10nm

10. ClickBiology
Viruses reproduce by invading
other cells
1. Virus attaches
to cell membrane
2. Virus RNA
enters cell
3. DNA copy of
the RNA is made
4. Nucleus
makes copies of
the virus RNA
5. Virus cores
are made in the
cytoplasm
6. New viruses
leave the cell
White blood cell (lymphocyte)

11. ClickBiology
The main body of a fungus is the
mycelium, which is made of hyphae
•Fungal cells have cell walls made of substances
such as chitin
Mucor
growing on
moist bread
hyphae of Mucor
mycelium:
Secrete digestive
enzymes
sporangium containing sporesmushroom
spores produced here
hyphae of mushroom
mycelium

12. ClickBiology
Now you should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment