2. Test Administration
• Administering the written test is perhaps the
most important aspect of the examining
process. The test administrator creates the
atmosphere in the test room and the attitude
the administrator displays in performing his
or her duties is extremely important.
26. A numerical method for
analyzing test items
employing students
response alternatives or
options
27. Consider the case below
Suppose your students chose the options to a
four – alternative multiple-choice item
Let C the correct answer
Item X
A B C D
3 0 18 9
28. Guide Questions
1. What is the difficulty level?
2. What is the discrimination index?
3. Should this item be eliminated?
29. DIFFICULTY LEVEL
number selecting correct answer
p = _________________________________
total number taking the test
What is the difficulty level of the item?
Do you consider the item difficult or easy? Why?
30. Let C the correct answer
Item X
A B C D
3 0 18 9
p = 18/30
p = 0.60
Since the difficulty level of the
item is 0. 60 (60%), the item
is
moderately difficult.
31. Since the difficulty level of the
item is 0. 60 (60%), the item
is
moderately difficult.
32. DISCRIMINATION INDEX
Steps:
1. Arrange the papers from highest to lowest
score.
2. Separate the papers into an upper and lower
group.
3. For each item, count the number in the
upper group and the number in the lower
group that chose each alternatives
33. DISCRIMINATION INDEX
4. Record your information for each item
Example for Item X (class size = 30)
Options A B *C D
Upper 1 0 11 3
Lower 2 0 7 6
34. DISCRIMINATION INDEX
5. Compute D, by plugging the appropriate
numbers in the formula
(number who got (number who
item correct in upper - got item correct
group) in lower group)
D = __________________________________
number of students in either group)
35. DISCRIMINATION INDEX
11 - 7
D = ______ = 0.267
15
Since the discrimination index of item X is 0.267,
which is positive. More students who did well on
the overall test answered the item correctly than
students who did poorly on the overall test.
37. ANALYSIS
Implication:
Difficulty level (p) = 0.60
Discrimination Index (D) = 0.267
Should this item be eliminated?
The item is considered a moderately difficult item that has positive
(desirable) discrimination ability.
38. QUALITATIVE ITEM ANALYSIS
• Matching items and objectives
• Editing poorly written items
• Improving content of the validity of the test
• Analyzing grammatical cues, specific
determiners, double negatives, multiple
defensible answers, and items that fail to
match instructional objectives