Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...
Organelles in Cells: Golgi, Lysosomes, Mitochondria
1. LEARNING OBJECTIVES -- VIDEO 4
• GOLGI APPARATUS
• LYSOSOMES
• MITOCHONDIA
• PLASTIDS
• VACOULES
• CELL DIVISION
• ORGANELLES IN PLANT AND ANIMAL
CELL
2. GOLGI APPARATUS
• Golgi apparatus was first discovered by
Camillo Golgi .
• This is also called post office of cell.
• This consist of membrane bound sacs that are
arranged parallel to each other in stacks which
is called Cisterns
• . These are connected with membranes of ER
• FUNCTIONS:.
• Golgi apparatus pack and transport the
proteins across the cytoplasm.
• Its functions include storage , modification
and packaging .
• These also form lysosomes .
3. LYSOSOMES
• These are membrane bound .
• They are referred to as suicide bags of the cell as
they contain potent enzymes that can digest a cell.
• Lysosome also help in defense by attacking a
foreign object.
• These are made by rough ER .
• We can say it is type of waste disposal system in
cell .
• When the cell gets damaged , lysosomes may burst
and enzymes digest their own cell .
• These are also called Suicide Bags of cell .
4. MITOCHONDRIA
• These are powerhouse of cell .
• It has two membranes .
• The inner membrane is deeply folded and outer membrane is
porous .
• Mitochondria generate ATP(Adenosine tri phosphate) which is
a form of energy .
• The inner foldings of Mitochondria increase surface area for
ATP generation.
• Mitochondria has its own DNA and ribosomes and hence they
make their own proteins .
• FUNCTIONS:
.It is the main seat for cell respiration and oxidation of food.
5. PLASTIDS
• Plastid is present only in
plant cell . These are of
three types . Plastids also
have its own DNA and
ribosomes .
• FUNCTIONS:
• Chloroplast trap the solar
energy for photosynthesis.
• Chromoplasts give colour
to flowers .
• Leucoplasts store food in
the form of starch.
6. VACUOLES
• These are the storage sacs .
• There are large vacuoles in plant cell but in animal
cell they are very small sized .
• These in plant cell occupies 50-90% volume .
• These provide rigidity to cell .
• Vacuoles include amino acids , sugars and proteins in
it .
• This help cell to perform respiration , clearing the
waste or to make new proteins .
7. CELL INCLUSIONS
• Cell inclusions are non living
materials present in the
cytoplasm .
• The common ones are stored
food, secretions, excretions
etc.
8. CELL DIVISION
• Cells are formed to grow and replace old and dead
cells .
• Cell Division is process by which new cells are
formed .
• These are of two types Mitosis and Meiosis .
• In mitosis mother cell divides to form two identical
daughter cells . The daughter cell have same
number of chromosomes as mother cell . It helps in
growth .
• Cells of reproductive organs divide to form
gametes , which after fertilization give rise to
offspring . This is Meiosis .
• When meiosis happens four new cells are formed .
New cells are half the number of chromosomes
than of mother .
