Why is it that bacterial ribosomes can begin translation before mRNA.pdf

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Why is it that bacterial ribosomes can begin translation before mRNA synthesis is completed, but eukaryotic ribosomes cannot? a. mRNA splicing occurs very quickly in prokaryotic cells. b. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation take place in the cytoplasm. c. Prokaryotic mRNAs are elongated differently from eukaryotic mRNAs. d. Prokaryotic mRNAs are synthesized with ribosomes attached. Solution Answer is b. In prokaryotic organisms there is no nuclei, so both transcription and translation occur in the same place that is Cytosol. Moreover, no post transcriptional modifications like caping and Tailing. Due to this the half life of Prokaryotic m-RNA is too small. Due to these two reasons, in prokaryotic organisms, translation start, before completion of transcription.

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A variety of media and culture conditions can be used to culture and identify Listeria monocytogenes. For each, characterize it as selective or differential. Solution Listeria monocytogenes is basically a soil-borne micro-organism. It has been found in various sources such as water, agricultural products, and in animals. Listeria monocytogenes has been known as etiologic agent of listeriosis, causing meningitis, encephalitis, septicemia and endocarditis in humans. various selective and differential methods were developed to isolate the Listeria monocytogenes species as follows Selective Incubation at 30 degree celsius Adding antibiotics such as nalidixic acid Adding high concentarion of salts such as lithium chloride and sodium chloride Adding antifungals such as amphotericin B Differential Adding pH indicator to detect ferementaion of rhamanose to acid Detecting beta heamolysis.

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A program consists of 4 musical numbers and 3 speeches. In how many ways can the program be arranged so that it begins and ends with a musical number? Solution There are 4 musical numbers and 3 speeches AS begin and end musical numbers 2 musical numbers selected from 4 and put in the ends This can be done in 2(4C2) = 12 ways The remaining are 2 musical and 3 speeches. This can be arranged in 5! ways Hence total no of ways = 12 (5!) = 1440.

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A Moving to another question will save this response. Question 4 Identify a problem with water that is classified as hard a scaling especially when exposed to heat b.scaling especially when exposed to cold c inability to lather soap (onto bubbles) d soap very lathery/bubbly hard to rinse soap off Of b&d; AMoving to another question will save this response Solution Option e is correct. Hard water is scaling when exposd to heat and it is not able to give lather to the soap..

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A plant with a very extensive root system would be able to better absorb and store nutrients. True False. Solution Ans. True. Roots absorb water and inorganic minerals (nutrients like NH4+, phosphate, Ca2+, Zn2+, etc.). The rate of water and mineral uptake is directly proportional to the surface area of roots. So, as plants grow larger, they extend their roots for greater uptake of water and minerals. A plant with relatively smaller roots absorb water and nutrients less efficiently that the plant with extensive root system. The roots may also be involved in storage- greater is root surface area, greater is the storage..

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property, plant, and equipment are categorized as property, plant, and equipment are categorized as Solution Answer: Property, Plant and Equipment are categorized as \"Fixed Assets\" in the Asset Section of the Balance Sheet. Property, Plant and Equipment are Non Current Assets which includes Building, Plant, Vehicle, Land etc. Some of these Fixed Assets are subject to Depreciation, while some are not subject to Depreciation which are Land etc..

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Write a program in Matlab using Newton\'s method to solve this system of equations for x, y, and z... Solution f=inline(\'[-10*p(:,1)-10*p(:,2); 28*p(:,1)-p(:,2)-p(:,1).*p(:,3); p(:,1).*p(:,2)-(8*p(:,3))/2]\',\'p\'); tol = 0.4e-6; %error tolerance MaxIter = 10; format long x = sym(\'x\') ; y = sym(\'y\') ; z = sym(\'z\') ; F = f([x,y,z]); J = jacobian(F); invJ = inv(J); s = zeros(MaxIter,3); s(1,:) = [1 1 1]; % first set of values dsnorm = inf; iter = 1; while dsnorm>tol && itertol && itertol && iter.

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Write a C++ program with a function defined to give the person a 20% raise? Please explain. Thanks Write a C++ program with a function defined to give the person a 20% raise? Please explain. Thanks Please explain. Thanks Solution #include #include #define SIZE 5 // we are defining the size of entries / variables to 5 class emp { float basic,da,it,netsal; // salary , da and netsalary are mentioned in float char name[20],num[10]; public: void getdata(); // function to get employee data void net_sal(); // function to get employee salary void sal_hike(); // fuction to display hike based on net salary void dispdata(); // to dislay data }; void emp::getdata() // enter basic employee details { cout<<\"\ Enter employee number: \" ; cin>>name; cout<<\" Enter employee name: \" ; cin>>num; cout<<\"Enter employee basic salary in Rs: \" ; cin>>basic; } void emp::net_sal() // calculate net salary { da=((0.52)*basic ); float gsal=da+basic; it=((0.3)*gsal); netsal=gsal-it; } void emp::sal_hike() // compute salary hike int hike=net_sal + 0.2*net_sal; } void emp::dispdata() // to display data { cout <<\"\ Employee number: \"<>n; for(int i=0;i.

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Which standards organization defined the Ethernet standard? A.IEEE B.ISO C.ANSI D.DIX Solution Answer: D) DIX DIX stands for Digital Equopment Company, Intel and Xerox. DIX teamed up for the first standard for Ethernet standard. IEEE also created Ethernet standards but they were not the frst. ISO defined ISO reference model not the Ethernet standard ANSI associted with ASCII codes and standards of others..

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When the pH of a solution changes from 2 to 6: a) That solution becomes more acidic due to an increase in the proton concentration. b) That solution contains 4X fewer protons. c) That solution becomes 1000X more basic. d) That solution is 4X more acidic. e) None of the above Solution Answer : Answer: The correct answer is B (That solution contains 4X fewer protons). When the pH of a solution changes from 2 to 6, the [H+] hydronium ions decrease and [OH-] will increase.

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True/ False: When the null hypothesis is not rejected, there is no possibility of making a Type I error. ( Solution Type I error : It is the probability of rejecting true null hypothesis. Type II error : It is the probability of fail to reject the false null hypothesis. That is When the null hypothesis is not rejected, there is no possibility of making a Type II error. Hence, given statement is false..

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Thesus the rat is in a labyrinth. Initially, he is in a chamber with two openings. Thesus always chooses one of these two possible directions with equal probability. If he goes right then he needs to walk three minutes only to come back inside to its initial position. If he goes to the left, then he needs to walk for one minute before finding a fork in the path. With probability 1/3 he will choose the upwards path to his right, which leads to the exit, after another minute walk. With probability 2/3 he will choose the other way, which after four more minutes walking, will lead to his departing point. What is the expected time that Theseus will remain in the labyrinth? Solution EXPECTED(X) = X1*P(X1)+ X2*P(X2).......+Xn*P(Xn) probability of right = 1/3 probability of left= 2/3 expected minute = 1*1/3 + 4*2/3 = 9/3 = 3 minute..

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summarizing the case #3 on facebook freedom of speech and giving additional source to support your answer Solution We will complete our review and update that the our User Operations team uses to evaluate reports of irreverence of our Community Standards around hate speech. To check that these guidelines reflect best practices, we will solicit feedback from legal experts and others, including representatives of the women\'s coalition and other groups that have historically faced recognition and understanding of the difference between one thing and another. A few months ago we began testing a new requirement that the creator of any content containing cruel and insensitive humor include his or her authentic identity for the content to remain on Facebook. As a result, if an individual decides to publicly share cruel and insensitive content, users can hold the author accountable and directly object to the content. the Anti-Defamation League’s Anti-Cyberhate working group and other international working groups that we currently work with on these issues to include representatives of the women’s coalition to identify how to balance considerations of free expression, to undertake research on the effect of online hate speech on the online experiences of members of groups that have historically faced discrimination in society, and to evaluate progress on our collective objectives. ..

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Shock Case Study (15 pts) HPI. Mrs. K is a 22 y/o college student, rushed to the ED 35 minutes after sustaining multiple stab wounds to the chest and abdomen by an unidentified assailant. A witness called 911. Paramedics arriving at the scene found the victim to be in severe acute distress. Vital signs were as follows: HR 128 (baseline 80), BP 80/55 (baseline 115/80), RR 37 and labored. Chest auscultation revealed decreased breath sounds in the R lung consistent with basilar atelectasis (ie. collapsed R lung). Pupils were equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodation. Her LOC was reported as “awake, slightly confused, and complaining of severe chest and abdominal pain.” Pedal pulses were absent, radial pulses were weak, and carotid pulses were palpable. The patient was immediately started on IV Lactated Ringer’s solution at a rate of 150 mL/hr. An ECG monitor placed at the scene of the attack revealed that the patient has developed sinus tachycardia. She was tachypneic, became short of breath with conversation and reported her heart was pounding out of her chest. She appeared to be very anxious and continued to c/o pain. Her skin was cool and nail beds were pale but not cyanotic. Skin turgor was poor. Peripheral pulses were absent with the exception of a thread, brachial pulse. Capillary refill time was 7-8 seconds. Doppler ultrasound had been required to obtain an accurate BP reading. The patient’s skin was cool and clammy. There was a significant amount of blood on her dress and on the pavement where she was lying. Question 2. What is the pathophysiologic sequence of events for shock? (2pts) Question 3. What type of shock does this patient seem to have? What is your rationale? (2 pts) Question 4. Does this patient need a blood transfusion? Provide rationale for your answer. (2pts) During transport to the hospital, vital signs were reassessed: HR 138, BP 75/50, RR 38 with confusion. Patient was diagnosed with hypovolemic shock and IV fluids were doubled. Oxygen was started at 3L/min by nasal cannula. ER physicians chose not to start a central venous line. An indwelling foley catheter was inserted with return of 180mL of amber colored urine. Urine output measured over the next hour was 14mL. Patient was taken to the OR for surgical correction of lacerations to the right lung, liver and pancreas. In total, patient received 1L of Lactated Ringers. Table 1. Class Parameter I II III IV Blood loss (ml) <750 750–1500 1500–2000 >2000 Blood loss (%) <15% 15–30% 30–40% >40% Pulse rate (beats/min) <100 >100 >120 >140 Blood pressure Normal Decreased Decreased Decreased Respiratory rate (breaths/min) 14–20 20–30 30–40 >35 Urine output (ml/hour) >30 20–30 5–15 Negligible CNS symptoms Normal Anxious Confused Lethargic Class Parameter I II III IV Blood loss (ml) <750 750–1500 1500–2000 >2000 Blood loss (%) <15% 15–30% 30–40% >40% Pulse rate (beats/min) <100 >100 >120 >140 Blood pressure Normal Decreased Decreased Decreased Respiratory rate (breaths/min.

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results obtained for the different tests and the characteristics of E. coli, S. epidermidis, and S. cerevisiae including the results of the test Solution 1. Staphylococcus Epidermidis: Its develops on sheep blood agar : White colour colonies are appears , circular and raised. 2. Entamoeba coli - Cyst and Trophozoite. 3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a kind of yeast. It is conceivably the most functional of yeast, having been influential to baking, winemaking and brewing since early times. It is suspect that it was initially isolated from the grapes skin. It is one of the most concentrated studied eukaryotic duplicate organisms in cell biology and molecular. It is the microorganism beyond the most ordinary type of fermentation..

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