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Electricity
- 2. WHAT IS ELECTRICITY? THE FLOW OF ELECTRIC CHARGE IS CALLED ELECTRICITY..
- 3. TYPES OF ELECTRICITY 1) STATIC ELECTRICITY: IN THIS, THE ELECTRIC CHARGE REMAINS AT REST. FOR EXAMPLE – CELL, BATTERY,ETC 2) CURRENT ELECTRICITY: IN THIS, THE ELECTRIC CHARGE IS IN MOTION. FOR EXAMPLE – HOUSE HOLD CIRCUIT.
- 5. SI UNIT OF ELECTRIC CHARE IS COULOMB. COULOMB = CURRENT x TIME
- 6. ELECTRIC CURRENT RATE OF FLOW OF CHARGE IS KNOWN AS ELECTRIC CURRENT. IT IS A SCALAR QUANTITY. ELECTRIC CURRENT = CHARGE/TIME
- 7. SI UNIT OF CURRENT IS AMPERE. DENOTED BY A
- 8. 1AMPERE = 1 COULOMB/1 SEC
- 9. AMMETER • IT IS AN INSTRUMENT, USE TO MEASURE THE CURRENT IN A CIRCUIT. • IT SHOULD HAVE VERY LOW RESISTANCE. SO, THAT IT MAY NOT CHANGE THE VALUE OF THE CURRENT FLOWING IN THE CIRCUIT.
- 10. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL • IT IS AT A POINT IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD IS DEFIEND AS THE WORK DONE IN MOVING A UNIT POSITIVE CHARGE FROM INFINITY TO THAT POINT. • SI UNIT IS VOLT. • DENOTED BY ‘V’.
- 11. POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE • THE DIFFERENCE IN ELECTRIC POTENTIAL BETWEEN TWO POINT IS KNOWN AS POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE. • IT IS A SCALAR QUANTITY. • SI UNIT IS VOLT OR JOULE/COULOMB.
- 12. POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE = WORK DONE / QUANTITY OF CHARGE MOVING V= W/Q
- 13. VOLTMETER • IT IS AN INSTRUMNT, USE TO MEASURE THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE. • IT IS ALWAYS CONNECTED IN PARALLEL ACROSS THE POINTS WHERE THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE IS TO BE MEARURED. • IT HAS HIGH RESISTANCE, SO THAT IT TAKES A NEGLIGIBLE CURRENT FROM THE CIRCUIT.
- 14. ELECTRIC CIRCUIT A CONTINOUS CONDUCTING PATH CONSISTING OF WIRES, A SWITCH, RESISTANCE [BULB, etc], CELLS OR A BATTERY ALONG WHICH AN ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOWS, IS CALLED A ELECTRIC CIRCUIT.
- 15. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM A DAIGRAM WHICH INDICATES HOW DOFFERENT COMPONENTS IN A CIRCUIT HAVE BEEN CONNECTED BY USING THE ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS FOR THE COMPONENTS, IS CALLED A CIRCUIT DIAGRAM.
- 17. GEORG SIMON OHM IN 1827, A GERMAN PHYSICIST GEORG SIMON OHM [1787-1854], FOUND OUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CURRENT FLOWING IN A METALLIC WIRE AND THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE ACROSS ITS TERMINALS.
- 18. OHM’S LAW AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, THE CURRENT FLOWING THROUGH A CONDUCTOR IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE ACROSS ITS END.
- 19. I α V
- 20. RESISTANCE THE PROPERTY OF A CONDUCTOR DUE TO WHICH IT OPPOSES THE FLOW OF CURRENT THROUGH IT IS CALLED RESISTANCE.
- 21. SI UNIT IS Ohm DENOTED BY OMEGA, Ω
- 22. 1 OHM = 1 VOLT / 1 COULOMB
- 23. FACTORS AFFECTING RESISTANCE • LENGTH OF THE CONDUCTOR. • AREA OF CROSS-SECTION OF THE CONDUCTOR. • NATURE OF THE MATERIAL OF THE CONDUCTOR. • TEMPERATURE OF THE CONDUCTOR.