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Tema 1 1 eso 2019
- 1. Universe Stars: they releaselight and heat Planets: they don´t release light and heat They orbit the stars Satellites: they don´t release light and heat They orbit the planets Asteroids: solid rocks. they orbit the stars Comets: balls of cosmic dust and ice Meteors: small objects (rock and ice) Nebulae: clouds of dust and gases Space: dust and gases Black holes: regions where gravity prevents anything from scaping
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- 5. Conditions for life: a)temperature b) water c) atmosphere Plus: - Right gravity & density - Right distance from Sun The Earth
- 6. Earth´s rotation The Earth rotatesonce on its axis every 24 hours at 1670 km/h Centrifugal force flatten the poles Consequences Day and night The Sun´s apparent movement The Earth is moving… The tides
- 7. Time zones –24 hours:rotation 360º –24 time zones –360 º planet Earth : each time zone 15º = 24 hours –1 hour each time zone 24 hours: 24 zones
- 8. TIMEZONES Portoalegre Oslo EAST: You haveto add (sumar) more hours to your watch... WEST: You have to substract (restar) hours to your watch
- 9. TIMEZONES Portoalegre Oslo If it´s 12:00AM in Portoalegre, what´s the time in Oslo? If it´s 8:00 PM in San Antonio, what is the time in Portoalegre?
- 10. TIMEZONES Portoalegre Oslo If it´s 12:00AM in Portoalegre, what´s the time in Oslo? Four hours more: 16:00 PM If it´s 20:00 PM in Portoalegre, what is the time in San Antonio? Three hours less. 17:00 PM
- 11. ¿Qué hora esen Nueva York si en Madrid son las 12:00 AM?
- 14. Revolution • How long?365 5 h. 48´ 45´´ •Consequences Seasons Length of the day and night
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- 17. Midnight sun inNorway 21st June (60 degrees North)
- 18. Summer solstice inthe Northern hemisphere • The sunrays are vertical in the tropic of Cancer
- 19. • The sunraysare vertical in the tropic of Capricorn Winter solstice in the Northern hemisphere
- 20. Equinoxes • The sunraysare vertical at the Equator
- 23. Latitude Longitude The distancebetween a point on the Earth´s surface and the Equator. The distance between a point on the Earth´s surface and the Prime Meridian. 2.- Latitude and longitude: the geographic coordinates Parallels Meridians Imaginary lines that run East to West. Imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole.
- 24. An imaginary grid Medimosla longitud y latitud en grados, minutos y segundos. Un grado = 111 km.
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- 26. Estos números miden losgrados Este-Oeste Estos números Miden los grados Sur-Norte OESTE ESTE NORTE SUR
- 27. What Cities can we Findfollowing The next coordinates? 0º 15’ S 78º W 10º 30’ N 66º W Which islands can you find 0º S 90º W?
- 28. Which is the Closestcity? 51ºN 0º W 44ºN 8º E 42ºN 12ºE 46ºN 16ºE 38ºN 24ºE
- 30. •What is cartography? Thestudy of maps •Three characteristics of maps They are simple, reduced and use colours and symbols •Are map projections accurate? No, they are distorted representations of the Earth.
- 31. Visión medieval delmundo, siguiendo a Tolomeo (150 aC)
- 32. A.- Proyección cilíndrica:MERCATOR (s.XVII) MAP PROJECTIONS
- 33. PROBLEMAS DE FIABILIDADEN LA REPRESENTACIÓN DE LA TIERRA
- 34. A.- Proyección cilíndrica:MERCATOR (s.XVII) MAP PROJECTIONS Deformado Preciso
- 35. Mercator projection and reality. Greatdistortion in higher Latitudes (poles); good close To equator. Useful for navigation. PROBLEMS
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- 37. A.- Cylindrical projection:PETERS. Menos distorsionado en los polos. MAP PROJECTIONS
- 38. B.- Proyección enun plano: válida Para las zonas polares.
- 39. C.- Proyección cónica:válida para hemisferios.
- 41. Scale / escala •Graphic scale: line divided into equal parts. • Numerical scale: relationship between a unit of distance on a map (1cm) and the real distance (100.000 cm.= 1000 m.) – Large: 1: 5000-1:50000 (1cm.-50m.---1cm.-500 m.) – Intermediate:1: 50 000- 1: 100.000 (500 m - 1km.) – Small: 1: 100 000… (1km…)
- 43. Large scale Gran escala Smallscale Pequeña escala
- 44. How can wemeasure the distances in this map?
- 45. How can wemeasure the distances in this map? 5 cm = 1000 km. 7.5 cm = X
- 46. How can wemeasure the distances in this map? 5 cm = 1000 km. 7.5 cm = X 5x = 7500 X= 7500 / 5 X = 1500
- 47. How can wemeasure the distances in this map? 5 cm = 1000 km. 6.2 cm = X
- 48. Mapa físico: El relievese percibe con distintos colores. TIPOS DE MAPAS / KIND OF MAPS Physical map: Different colours show the relief.
- 49. In this maps Wecan See the Relief, mainly.
- 50. Mapa topográfico: Relieve, Ciudades y carreteras. TIPOS DEMAPAS / KIND OF MAPS Topographic map: Relief, cities and roads.
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- 57. Remote sensing images. Estasimágenes suelen ofrecer información que escapa a la vista: ultravioleta, variaciones por la gravedad, humedad del terreno… En esta imagen, se nos explica la aridez del suelo en Oriente medio, usando sensores que miden temperatura.
- 61. ¿Por qué tenemosdistintas zonas climáticas?
- 62. CLIMATE ZONESTropics Temperatezones Polar regions High temperatures throughout the year Different number of daylight hours Low temperatures throughout the year Little differences between seasons Four seasons Summer and winter Low temperatures
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- 64. Night in thewinter: Norway