Right Head Turning Preference From Birth to Adulthood

Head-Turning Head To The Right Summary
Summary The author studies how the preferences of humans to turn their head to the right, rather than
to the left, since birth may influence the way they foster their visual development. This effect on visual
development may, in turn, impact other forms of right–sidedness. The author presents his observations
of head–turning behaviors of kissing couples to claim that humans have the right–sided head–turning
preference from birth to adulthood. The author aims to further establish the notion that the head–
turning asymmetry may explain various right–sided asymmetries. The data was gathered through
observing the initial head movements of kissing couples in public areas. After collecting the data, the
author performed a chi–squared test with one degree of freedom at a 5 percent significance level. Based
on this test, the author concludes that the data collected is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The population of interest is adults, specifically adult couples. The population is well–defined as the
author observed kissing couples and their ages ranged from 13 to 70 years old, which pretty much
include all the adults even though it is arguable that there are some teenagers in this range. He also
defined clear criteria of what counts as kissing and which situations should be invalid. For example, he
points out that there should be no hand–held objects as it might interfere with the kiss. The graph in this
article is well–constructed, and because the data here is categorical, the author presented clearly by
drawing a bar graph. Both the axes are labeled correctly, and the y–axis also shows appropriate scaling.
The graph is quite useful in showing that the amount of right turns is twice the amount of left turns.
Moreover, the author used the appropriate test statistic as the Chi–Square statistic is used for testing
relationships between categorical data. Additionally, the correct degree of freedom and the standard 5%
significance level was
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Leadership And Student Success Essay
Understanding motivations and how or why certain students breed success over specific periods of time
within different realms has been a consistent and timeless issue. Educators search endlessly to make
those connections and find correlations between certain students and what makes some perform
exceptionally better academically than others. Within the same cohort of students, how can one group
seemingly elevate themselves to higher levels of academic success than others? Why do extracurricular
activities such as athletics tend to have major influence, either positive or negative, on overall student
academic success? This is evident in many studies of this magnitude, including research comparing
men's and women's top athletic teams, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Consequently, in order to fully indulge into the claim of the current study, the aforementioned
underlying factors will also be analyzed.
The Role of Leadership The overarching theme of leadership most certainly reigns in any academic
research study serving as either an influence or motivator. The theory of leadership is very complex due
to the many viewpoints of what leadership looks like in which varies from theorist to theorist. With that
said, leadership is best defined as a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to
achieve a common goal. Leadership is viewed as the creation of culture around a shared vision and
value system based on principles. Moreover, the complexity of the term leadership at first sight seems
to be non–existent. This is a term that must be closely internalized and investigated upon before just
causally being defined.
Leadership in itself can be meticulously picked apart and broken down in many ways. The importance
of not limiting viewpoints to a particular definition of leadership and how it can impact individuals in
education deems justifiable in terms of being able to broaden the mind to realizing the many factors
incorporated into leadership. There are many different styles and aspects of leadership that are
imperative when discussing leadership theory. Some key leadership styles include but are not limited
to: autocratic leadership,

Md/310 Week 1-310
Week 1–310 Christopher Lee Ellis Mod–310 Bethel University Mark Bell 3–31–2016 Week 1–310 To
be efficient and effective in management, certain tasks must be performed by all managers. Managers
must be able to plan, organize, lead, and control. Manager's tasks are important no matter the level of
the manager. Managers must be able to use and improve these skills depending on their position within
the organization. Planning consists of competitive moves and business approaches developed to attract,
please customers, conduct operations, grow the business, gain competitive advantage, and achieve
performance objectives (Huidan, 2011). There are three steps to planning. A manager must be able to
decide what goals to pursue, the best strategy to achieve those goals, and how to use their available
resources to achieve those goals as efficient as possible (Bethel University, ... Show more content on
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Different levels of managers are better at different managerial tasks. All managers should be familiar
with the concepts and know how to plan, organize, lead, and control. To be an effective manager, one
must know and understand their personality. By analyzing their own thoughts and feelings, they can
learn how deal with employees effectively. The big five personality traits can also help managers when
assigning tasks, forming groups, or communicating with employees or upper management. References
Bethel University, (2011). Issues in management. Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw–Hill. Hidan, L. (2011).
Project management and engineering issues. Annals of the University Dunarea De Jos of Galati:
Fascicle XIV, Mechanical Engineering. (1), pgs. 57–60 Keller, T. & Weibler, J. (2014). Behind
manager's ambidexterity– studying personality traits, leadership, and environmental conditions
associated with exploration and exploitation. Schmalenbach business review, 66(3)

Massed Practice Research Paper
Massed versus Distributed Practice Phenomenon
Massed practice conditions are those in which individuals practice a task continuously without rest.
Oftentimes, the rest time is less than the time required for the trial. An example of massed practice
involves playing a new piano movement for seven consecutive hours the day prior to a performance.
On the other hand, distributed practice conditions are ones in which individuals receives reasonably
long rest intervals within the practice session. Often times during distributed practice, the rest time is
longer than the time during practice. An example of distributed practice would involve an individual
practicing a new piano movement for thirty minutes daily for a total of two weeks before a
performance. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is a small decline in performance in the massed practice group compared to the distributed
practice group after one day of practice. The average time of completion of the massed practice group
was 5.96 seconds greater than the distributed practice group at the first retention test after one day of
practice. However, the retention test results showed a much more significant difference after seven days
of practice. There was an 11.80 second difference between the massed practice group compared to the
distributed practice.
Discussion
The results found in the present study demonstrate that the distributed practice schedule allowed for
more successful results compared to the massed practice schedule. The results found in this study
concurs, "Longer rest periods have positive effects on both performance and learning" (Schmidt & Lee,
2014).
Just as stated by Baddeley and Longman, "The most–massed group again showed the slowest
[Results]," this study found that the distributed practice schedule resulted in quicker completion times
(1978). The average completion time of the distributed practice schedule individuals was 9.49 seconds
faster compared the completion time of the massed practice schedule individuals after 300 minutes of

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald
Equality, rights, birth control, and work ethics are all components that contribute to the women in the
Roaring 20's. In the novel, every woman has distinct backgrounds that contributed to their lives, which
were presented in the novel. They had their own individual factors on how their lives were lived and
showed how there were different roles and limited rights. The way they lived and acted had a vast role
in the way they were portrayed in the past society. All the characters do not stay true to their morals and
values, as the novel is full of deceit due to the wanting of money; they all cheat and lie all because of
money. Even by the end of everyone's past life they end up having died either physically or mentally. F.
Scott Fitzgerald portrayed women and their rights in the Roaring 20's through equality, rights, birth
control, and work ethics such as Daisy and Myrtle throughout The Great Gatsby. Men and women were
far from equal in the 1920s, which is seen in modern day society as well. Characters such as Gatsby,
Tom, Nick, Myrtle, and Daisy were all close friends who would spend most of their time together and
the actions that were taken together show how men had more power over women. "Money is never just
money to the imagination that made a fetish of being rich" (Fetterley 1). By all means, this money
rarely came from the woman herself. There was a scene where Tom ended up hitting Myrtle in her face.
Power–stricken men such as Tom were what made the novel

The Pros And Cons Of Multimarket Competition
Multimarket contact involves firms' simultaneous competition against one another in multiple product
and/or geographical markets (Haveman and Nonnemaker, 2000; Korn and Baum, 1999) or in
international markets (countries) (Yu, Subramaniam, and Cannella, 2009). Prior research on
multimarket competition has examined exploitation in mature markets (Bowers, Greve, Mitsuhashi,
and Baum, 2014; Gimeno, 1999; Greve, 2008; Guedri and McGuire, 2011) such as geographic markets
(Fuentelsaz and Gómez, 2006; Greve, 2000) and sales growth (Greve, 2008) rather than exploration in
immature markets. In fact, external environments may affect the evolution and dynamics of rival
markets. Each competitor's market may rely on upstream, downstream, and complementary ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Here, alliance diversification, which is analogous to corporate diversification, is defined as a blurring
of diverse alliance boundaries to combine various types of alliances, including intra–industry alliances,
such as vertical upstream and downstream alliances in the industry value chain; horizontal alliances
within an industry (Rindfleisch and Moorman, 2001); and intra–industry exploration, exploitation, and
ambidextrous alliances. This article also examines cross–industry alliances that are formed through
cooperation with partners in other related and/or unrelated industries (Mayrhofer, 2004); cross–industry
exploration, exploitation, and ambidextrous alliances; and hybrid alliances (e.g., intra–industry and
cross–industry alliance portfolios). From ambidexterity and legitimacy perspectives as well as mutant–
based innovation, this article presents four types of alliance diversification–ambidextrous alliance
portfolios, sequential ambidextrous alliances, mutant alliances, and mutant alliance portfolios–to
examine how followers move into diverse multimarket ecosystems for innovation and value creation
(Lansiti and Levien, 2004) and from cross–industry alliances to intra–industry

Massed Practice Vs Distributed Practice
This paper explores the comparison of the learning and retention results between massed practice and
distributed practice. Training on two different groups of four individuals was monitored and recorded
during a stacking motor task. Each individual practiced a simple cycle of cup stacking for a total of five
hours of training. One group practiced one hour for five consecutive days, while the second group
practiced twenty minutes for fifteen consecutive days. After the five total hours of practice, each
individual was given a retention test one day after the last day of training, and one week after the last
day of training. This paper examines Baddeley and Longman (1978) research that suggests that
distributed practice is more efficient and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This experiment involved eight participants that were divided into two groups of four. Every individual
practiced for a total of five hours. The individuals in Group A followed the mass practice schedule.
Group A practiced for 1 uninterrupted hour for five consecutive days. The individuals in Group B
practiced for twenty uninterrupted minutes for 15 consecutive days. In order to present the same
instruction, the same introductory and explanation video was presented to each participant. The
procedure used to in this test involved each individual completing a modified "cycle stack". This cycle
stack begins with the cups set up in a position of 3–6–3. Prior to beginning, the participants' hands lay
flat on the table. To begin, the individual would up stack the cups into pyramids of 3–6–3. Each
individual would then down stack the cups into the original starting stack beginning from the left set of
3. Then the participants would combine the right set of 3 with the left set of 3 to up stack the cups into
a single pyramid of 6. The previously middle stack of 6 would be stacked into another pyramid of 6 to
end up in a 6–6 formation. Finally, the left stack would be collapsed; these 6 cups would be used to
down stack the second pyramid of 6 ending with one single stack of twelve cups. The participants
would then place one cup to the left of the stack (upside–down) and one to the right (right–side up).
Each

Handedness Of An Individual Can Be Determined
Handedness
Handedness of an individual can be determined by knowing which hand(right or/and left hand ) is used
high frequently for performing the tasks. Most of the people around the world are right handed. There
are four type of handedness. They are
Right handedness– Major usage of right hand for most activities
Left handedness– Major usage of left hand
Cross–dominance– Usage of separate hands for separate tasks
Ambidexterity – Using both hands equally
Origin:
Different statistics study shows that certain percentage of population belong to particular category is
likely to be left or right handed. The motor homunculus as shown in the picture represent the division
of motor cortex that contribute to different structures of the body. Hand movement involve fine control
over the motor area. The differentiation occur in the region of brain more particularly in the motor
cortex in the cerebrum. For right handedness people the left hemisphere of the brain dominates and
vice versa.. Researchers from University of Oxford and its collaborated universities found the link
between the handedness and gene that is involved in this process which is mainly PCSK6 gene[1]. A
study conducted with approximately 54,000 individuals revealed that 24% handedness is contributed
by genetic factor. [2] These gene can be influenced by cultural and social pressure that can result in
right handedness child born to left handed parents. Broca 's area that controls the speech and language
is

Which side of the brain do you use?
Which side of the brain do you use? Ever wonder which side of the brain individuals use to learn with?
Left and right brain dominates impacts learning way more than people think. There are many theories
about each side of the brain dominance. There are many different ways to determine if you are left
brained, right brained or even if this whole matter of the learning style of the brain is just a myth. There
are many different ways to determine which side of the brain people may use. The right brain
dominance in people may differ from person to person, Being right brain dominance can have many
different unique characteristics some of them being they relate more to the visual world, for instance,
when a topic is very complex right brain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Left brain individuals prefer to work alone on projects because they are able to generalize things more
rather than be in a group setting where they have too many ideas going around. They also tend to want
to read independently and they put more research into their papers. Many people and researchers
believe that the left brain and the right brain dominance theory are myths. Each side of the brain
controls different types of thinking many are said that if your left brained your more logical, analytical
and objective. If you're right brained your more intuitive, thoughtful and subjective. After many
researches the brain is not split into thinking halves as people think they say that the brain works better
if it thinks together. Neuroscientist know that the brain works together to perform a wide variety of
tasks and they communicate through the corpus callosum, which is a wide, flat bundle of neural fibers
beneath the left and right cerebral hemispheres and facilitates the communication. The research of the
left, right brain dominance is very much outdated; it's more of a historical interest. This in saying the
myth is that right– handed people are left brain dominance and left– handed people are right brain
dominance. Klingberg, T (2008) notes, "The working research of the brain has evolved and changed
over time as researchers have learned more over time about the working of the brain." In conclusion the

Business Leaders Should Consider The Impact Of Social...
Introduction
Over the decade, business leaders are finding themselves managing through historic levels of
complexity. This complexity stems from a different set of environmental shifts. The recent continuous
increase in globalization and outsourcing ongoing technological changes, demand that business leaders
should consider the impact of social media on all aspect of their organisations. The recent financial
crouch and the demands for better financial managers have prompt business leaders to rethink why and
how they build their organisation (McCall and Kaplan, 1985, p .14). Entrepreneur leaders should take
advantage of technological advancement to better connect with their customers through the use of
social networking. There is a strong ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Literature Review
Most literatures places so much focus on the entrepreneur as an individual, framing the entrepreneur as
an individual or actor while losing sight of the social dimension where their businesses operate. the
misrepresentation of entrepreneurship as a solitary practice remain prevalent among literature from
scholars in spite of data showing that many businesses would never have formed without the support of
one or more social networks (West 2001).
A social network is not just about posting vacation photos. In this age, social media has become a very
important platform that entrepreneurs can no longer ignore. Many entrepreneurs are so reluctant in
using this platform because they lack the necessary information. When properly used, social media can
help grow a business to a new level of success.
Entrepreneur's who engage in cognitive ambidexterity–a pattern of thinking and acting that is
characterised by switching flexibly back and forth between prediction and creation approaches. The
prediction technique

Intended And Emergent Essay
Evaluate the suitability of the emergent and intended approaches to strategic management for Tesco
One of the world's largest retailers operating in 12 different countries and with over 500,000 employees
is Tesco PLC (Tesco, 2014). Tesco's states their strategic priorities as to continue their investment in the
strong UK businesses, establish a multichannel leadership and to pursue disciplined international
growth (Tesco, 2014). In any company, strategy plays a key part in its success or failure and can be
split into two types; intended and emergent. An intended approach is described as "a planned strategy
designed at a senior level of management for the implementation at other organisational levels"
(Witcher & Chau, 2014). Whereas the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On one side the increasing customer demand and needs led to this being successful for Tesco as they
could add in extra products and dominate their indirect competitors. But on the other hand for some
customers too much space and too big stores could put Tesco at the risk of customers being put off; "If
you got to Tesco for your biscuits, you might not want to walk around a massive hypermarket"
(Dangerfield, 2007). This again is the changing customers' needs and therefore drove Tesco in 2002 to
publicise a takeover of T&S stores, leading to the launch of One Stop convenience stores (Tran, 2002).
This emergent strategy occurred two days after Co–op snapped up the largest convenience store,
Alldays (Tran, 2002). Eisenhardt and Brown pointed out that emergent strategy can arise from an
improvisational approach, which comes about by acting rapidly on the advantage created (Eisenhardt &
Brown, 1998). Therefore Tesco saw their competitor's actions from their acquisition and implicated
their own emergent acquisition strategy to be on the same level as Co–op. This strategy was not the
most suitable as it was a rushed venture and Tesco already had Tesco Express outlets around the UK, so
the only thing they were achieving by taking over T&S stores is narrowing down the competitors in the
market. Furthermore at the expense of £377m they still only had 3.5% of the convenience store market
along with consumer

The Impact Of Handedness On Health Related Outcomes For...
What genes (or classes of genes) and what environmental factors have been implicated and how might
they mediate this biological effect? Discuss how handedness may be related to health related outcomes
for individuals and discuss how genetic and environmental influences might mediate these effects.
Introduction
Handedness is a complex phenotype of humans in which individuals have a preference or advantage for
use of a hand. Handedness is a not a discrete trait, but continuous. Right handedness is accepted as
normal over left handedness. There are four types of handedness (left–handedness, right–handedness,
mixed–handedness, where one hand is favoured for some tasks and the other hand for different tasks,
and, ambidexterity where each hand is equally strong) however, handedness is a continuum so
individuals can fall within a range of different degrees of handedness. Left handedness is less common
than right handedness, with only approximately 10% of people being left handed (Hardyck &
Petrinovich 1977). Left handedness can be further divided in to natural left handedness, where a person
whose handedness is a result of genetic and cultural factors, and pathological left handedness caused by
early damage to the left hemisphere of the brain.
Handedness is first demonstrated between 9–10 weeks gestation, where the developing embryo begins
to exhibit single arm movements (Hepper, McCartney, & Shannon 1998). Although some elements of
handedness develop in the embryo, there are both

Research Paper On Medical Assisting
What brought me to the Medical Assisting career was the ambidexterity of this field. The great thing
about this field, is that everyday you get to do new things. Each day brings in new patients, with
different needs. I've always wanted to make a difference in this world. There are many reasons why I
want to become a Medical assistant. I was always passionate about this profession, I really enjoy
helping people, and this would be the first step to my medical career. When I was a little kid I dreamed
about working in the medical field. What infatuated me about medical assisting is the variety, of areas I
could work in. Medical assisting is a very unique and amazing work field for me. Another thing that
enthralled me was that I would

The Joint Venture Relationship Between Chevron Nigeria...
2.0 RATIONALE
This course work is an analysis of the Joint Venture relationship between Chevron Nigeria Limited
(CNL) and the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).
There is an alignment between the strategic intent of CNL & that of NNPC; the JV relationship has
experienced a barrage of contentious issues ranging from underhanded financial practices, breach of
trust and agreements, and the pervasive inability of the NNPC to fulfill its own part of the cash calls in
funding the venture. The CNL strategic intents are consistent with national goals which have been
distilled into the principles of NNPC e.g. knowledge transfer. CNL, on the other hand, proposed at
some point to net off the financial debts with crude oil but this was ... Show more content on
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Increasing demand by the Nigerian people for visible contribution from the oil and gas sector to
national economic growth
3. Increasing technological challenges associated with finding new oil / gas, particularly in difficult
terrains e.g. deep water, including the challenge of developing the requisite skills and capabilities to
support the required capacities
4. Huge funding challenges associated with rapid capacity development
The strategic themes employed in this discourse are the following;
1. The Paradox of Profitability and Responsibility
2. The Paradox of Markets and Resources
3. The Paradox of Competition and Cooperation
4. The Paradox of Deliberateness and Emergence
5. The Paradox of Globalization and Localization
6. Organizational arrangements and structure
This JV relationship is of strategic interest because CNL is Nigeria's third largest producer of oil and a
major investor (Chevron, 2015).
3.0 THE PARADOX OF PROFITABILITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
The energy industry plays a critical role in the establishment of development through energy provision
and significant revenue generation, which can help alleviate poverty and actualization of a number of
human rights, as energy companies that value human rights have been shown to have positive
relationships within their localities of operation, high safety and health performance, as well as
minimized environmental impact from their operational activities Socially

Management Of A Software Writing Team Better
Introduction
Let us first understand who a leader is: A leader is person who keeps the group together and helps them
in all possible manners to achieve their best. Leadership differs from person to person and from
management to management. Leadership is the art to influence people to endeavour them in achieving
the objectives of the group. A Leader should be able to see individual talent and develop it so that he
can achieve maximum benefit from it. A Company should keep adding new talent for its better
development. A Leader should provide proper guidance to the employees so that resources are
efficiently used.
This will aid us in understanding our case study: The Management of a software writing team better.
The project that the team was dealing with was about a management planning system. It was a product
being used by the company itself which they wanted to release to their users. The team was oriented
well with the Project Leader: Caroline, Team Leader: Elizabeth and the Team Members: Andrew, Peter
and Janet. This formed the Software team and it was answerable to higher officials who included:
Stuart and Alan, wherein Alan was subordinate to Stuart. Sally and June were also employed as home
programmers in the early stages of the project, but due to their ineffectiveness they had to be
terminated with the approval of the entire team.
The team's strength was Caroline who spent most of her time with the users and the rest with the team
members helping them achieve

An Effective Customer Relationship Management ( Crm )
SOFTWARE FEATURES IN CRM AN EFFECTIVE CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
MANAGEMENT (CRM) STRATEGY SHOULD ENCOMPASS RANGE OF ACTIVITIES
INCLUDING CUSTOMER CENTRIC SERVICES AND PRODUCT DESIGN, IT ALSO PLAN ON
WORKING SOFTWARE CAPABLE OF TRACKING, AUTOMATING, ORGANIZING
COMMUNICATION WITH CUSTOMERS. IN CRM SOFTWARE IS A CLASS OF
PROGRAMMING THAT COVERS AN EXPANSIVE ARRANGEMENT OF APPLICATIONS AND
SOFTWARE INTENDED TO HELP ORGANIZATIONS OVERSEE CUSTOMER INFORMATION
AND CUSTOMER COOPERATION, ACCESS BUSINESS DATA, AUTOMATED SALES,
MARKETING AND CLIENT SUPPORT FURTHERMORE OVERSEE WORKER, MERCHANT
AND ACCOMPLICE CONNECTIONS. NORMALLY, CRM PROGRAMMING IS UTILIZED AS A
PART OF THE UNDERTAKING, HOWEVER NUMEROUS ITEMS SCALE TO A BUSINESS OF
ANY SIZE. IN ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
WHY IT IS DESIGNED AND ITS CAPABILITIES. FOR A COUPLE OF DECADES NOW,
BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY PUNDITS HAVE TOLD US WE NEEDED A CRM APPLICATION. IT
STAFF HAVE CONVINCED EXECUTIVES THAT THERE COMPANIES COULDN'T LIVE WITH
OUT ARGUMENTS .YET AT THE SAME TIME; SALES FOR3ECES HAVE CONTINUED TO
COMPLAIN THAT CRM IS AN OVERBEARING ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN. CRM SYSTEM
ALLOWS BUSINESS TO MANAGE BUSINESS RELATIONSHOPS AND THE DATA
INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH THEM. TOU CAN STORE CUSTOMER AND PROSPECT
CONTACT INFORMATION, ACCOUNTS, LEADS AND SALE OPPORTUNITIES IN ONE
CENTRAL LOCATION. THE MAIN FEATURES INCLUDE 1. ACCESS PERMISSIONS: IT
SHOULD HAVE AN OBVIOUS WAY OF ALLOWING SPECIFIC USERS ACCESS WITHOUT
COMPROMISING DATA SECURITY. 2. FLEXIBLE SECURITY: A GOOD CRM SYSTEM KEEPS
DATA SECURE, BUT IT ALSO ALLOWS RIGHT USERS ACCESS TO NEEDED INFORMATION.
3. TRACKING PARTNERS:CRM SOFTWARE CAN HELP EFFECTIVELY COLLECT
INFORMATION ABOUT PARTNERS AND PRODUCT SUPPORT.THIS HELPS BETTER
MANAGE THE CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AS IT ORGANIZES INFORMATION ABOUT WHEN,
WHY, WHERE, HOW, ETC. 4. PRODUCT SUPPORT: THE CLIENT WAS DISSATISFIED WITH A
PRODUCT OR SERVICE.IT ALSO HELPS TRACK WHETHER AND HOW THE ISSUE WAS
ADDRESSED. 5. BILLING FUNCTIONALITY: A WELL–EQUIPPED CRM SYSTEM CAN ALSO
TRACK BILLING AND INVOICING STATUS OF EACH CUSTOMER. 6. INVOICING
FUNCTIONALITY: THIS HELPS KEEP FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Boxing Is A Sport With Conventional Rules Essay
1. Introduction Boxing is a sport with conventional rules, with longstanding history going back a huge
number of years to the era of the ancient Greeks olympics.1 Boxing can be classed as a direct
interactive sport. In both beginner and expert forms, the boxers wear cushioned gloves, striking and
guarding with your fists clenched. Every session by and large goes on for 3 minutes and the victor is
the person who handles the most punches or thumps out his adversary. Boxing is likewise called
pugilism and prize fighting. There is a typical conviction that left–given individuals are less skilful. In
any case, the accomplishment of the soccer players skilfully utilizing their left feet, and the
accomplishments of specialists and tennis players, 4 are likely the best cases demonstrating the
invalidity of this perspective(Gursoy, 2009). 1.1 Background Problem Boxers assume one of two
positions, mirror–pictures of each other: southpaw or orthodox. The term "orthodox stance" points out
the positioning of the boxer's hands and feet with the left hand and foot forward, and the right hand and
foot backwards very close to the chest region this is common to a right–handed person(Sorokowski,
Sabiniewicz, & Wacewicz, 2014). The expression "southpaw", is also a boxing stance normal to left–
handers, alludes to having the boxers right foot and hand forward: a mirror picture of the orthodox
stance. The selection of a stance for the most part is a lasting trademark. Seldom,

Theory Of Leadership : A Leader 's Ability Essay
A leader's ability in effectively communicating change represents the manner in which their followers
will respond, and whether they will decide to accept the changes proceeding forward in his fulfillment
of implementing the necessary changes. Furthermore, leadership observed as a significant factor in the
innovation process of leading, and believed that innovation revolves around the ambidexterity theory of
leadership defined as the approving variables relative to a leaders behavior and the manner in which
they employ equal variables of appropriate leadership behavior involving both the beginning and
ending of a leaders behavior deflecting the employing the analysis and wrongdoing in both the
individuals and the teams which involve both the beginning and the end of the leaders behavior
alternating between the leaders and their followers in handling the continual specifications involving
the process of innovation.
In situations of extreme emergency crisis, it is imperative that effective leaders understand the
importance of communication they must demonstrate their ability to control their emotions as well as
adequately handle extremely sensitive situations in particular to emergency disaster situations. During
times of an emergency catastrophe, a leader must demonstrate their commitment, expertise, and their
skills when responding to emergencies (Luna, 2015). The main goal of this paper is to first, analyze an
emergency crisis in Brown Trout Bay, in

Taking a Look at IKEA
1. Introduction IKEA is a privately held Swedish company registered in Netherlands, international
home products retailer that sells ready–to–assemble furniture at affordable prices. The 17–year–old
Ingvar Kamprad, who was listed as the world richest man in 2013, is the IKEA founder. IKEA stands
for Ingvar Kamprad, Elmtaryd (his farm name) and Agunnaryd (his townhome). IKEA history are over
six decades, it's when they went from the woods of Sweden to a most popular retail experience in the
40 countries and territories around the world. IKEA story starts in 1926, when Ingvar Kamprad
founded IKEA. Ingvar was born in southern Sweden when he was thinking of developing a new
business.
IKEA Time Line
1920s IKEA founder, Ingvar Kamprad, is born.
1940's IKEA is founded by Ingvar Kamprad aged 17 in Sweden.Ingvar Kamprad is entrepreneurial in
developing IKEA to a furniture retailer.
1950s Production on IKEA cataloged and it was advertised in a local newspaper.
1960s First IKEA stores are opened outside Sweden in Denmark and Norway.
1970s Stores was opened in Austrlia, Canada, Austria, and Netherlands.
1980s IKEA was expanding into new markets such as US, Italy, UK and France.
1990s IKEA was concentrating on the needs of families and children, it has launched the Children's
IKEA, the IKEA group is formed ad it was doing a great business in that period. Stores were opened in
Hungary, Poland, UAE, Spain and china.
2000s IKEA expands

Detective Fix Character Analysis
Detective Fix, the closest character to an antagonist from the novel "Around the World in Eighty Days"
by Jules Verne might appear vexatious or irritable to many. However, this little man with very
inquisitive and bright eyes has quite an important role to play in the novel. Delighted and earnest for
the reward of 2,000 pounds, Mr. Fix sets on a venturesome trail after the wrong person. In spite of Fix's
deceit, determination and overconfidence reprising a significant position in the crux of the story, it also
creates obstacles in the way of Phileas Fogg's journey. An evident attribute in Fix's personality, which
often makes him aggravating to readers, is his deceitfulness. Often as his motives and thoughts when
executed into actions, he tends to be not straightforward in his ways. This trait of Fix usually raises
difficulties in Fogg's goal. Fix's such quality manifests itself, when Fix persists the three priests to
pursue Passepartout for his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Fix informs Fogg that he is free from all accusations, he appears to be humble and does not protest
when Fogg punches him like he would have if he were his own vain and overconfident self. It is
evident that he has accepted and realized his hasty mistakes through this and hence can be stated as a
dynamic character. In the last chapter, the author also mentions that Fogg has split his winnings with
the "hapless" Fix, which indicates that Fix almost certainly had a change of heart. Fix is also a round
character lucidly since the readers are exposed to multiple attributes and qualities of Fix. As he is a
character with multiple shades through the course of the story such as deceit, determination,
overconfidence, intelligence, hastiness and many more. Despite the infuriation Fix's character traits
sometimes inflict in readers, it also blends together in the novel to weave a remarkable

World Vision
ADETOYESE ODUOLA
International Business in the Global Environment:
Management and Strategy
World Vision
Executive Summary World Vision is an international Christian relief and development organization
working to promote the well–being of all people especially children was established in United States in
1951. World Vision seeks to serve people who are poor worldwide, regardless of race, religion, or
ethnic origin. After so many years of building a network of interdependent, national organizations
delivering relief and development that are responsive to local needs, World Vision's International office
is planning to implement a major global HIV/AIDS initiative that challenges the strategic ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
World Vision provides emergency relief to people whose lives are endangered by disasters or conflict
and who need immediate assistance. World Vision attempts to respond to all major emergencies around
the world themselves or in cooperation with their partner agencies. For example, World Vision has
responded to famine in Ethiopia and North Korea, hurricanes in Central America, the tsunami in the
Indian Ocean nations, earthquakes in El Salvador, India, Taiwan, Turkey and the Sichuan earthquake in
China, Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar and war refugees in Kosovo, Chechnya, Sierra Leone, Angola, and
East Timor.
World Vision also addresses factors that perpetuate poverty by promoting justice. World Vision
supports community awareness of the collective ability to address unjust practices and begin working
for change. World Vision speaks out on issues such as child labor, debt relief for poor nations, and the
use of children as combatants in armed conflict. World Vision International has endorsed the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child as
fundamental expressions of the freedoms and responsibilities that should exist in every country. World
Vision fosters opportunities to help reduce conflict levels and to contribute to the peaceful resolution of
hostilities and reconciliation of disputes.
World Vision encourages public awareness about the needs of

Uk / Sustainability Stories Reading Lm )
Sustainability Diaries 1. 25th, July 2014 (http://www.quaker.org.uk/sustainability–stories–reading–lm)
The word sustainability has been defined 'as the development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs' (Mansdorf, 2010). True
Food Co–operatives in UK is a community owned business which specializes in the sale of eco–
friendly household products, organic food and vegetables (Thompson, 2011). The company sells the
products weekly in the neighborhood markets, and has implemented the unique strategy of selling 90 of
their products loosely to lessen the use of packaging (Thompson, 2011). The decrease in the use of high
energy processes such as packaging helps to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The environmental friendly measures adopted by the company needs to be maintained and adopted
across the other business processes and operations (Loock et al, 2013). The company can use "Green
IS" which can improve the environmental–efficiency of the business processes through automation.
Moreover, the implementation of decision support system can help in the implementation of the
relevant sustainable strategies and also help integrate the flow of environmental information in the
organization (Thambusamy and Salam, 2010). 2. 26th, July 2014
(http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/blog/2013/01/11/the–story–of–a–dry–dry–summer/) The year
2012 was deemed excellent for the whisky companies due to increased demands from Asia and Latin
America (Morrison, 2013). This increase in demand caused the companies, Diageo, the world's largest
scotch producer to pledge an investment of £1 billion and Pernod Ricard, another company, to pledge
an investment of £40 million (Morrison, 2013). However, the inevitable happened when there was
severe shortage of water which caused the whisky distilleries to halt production. The main reason for
this shortage of water was climatic change which caused early summers (Morrison, 2013). This rainless
summer severely impacted several distilleries in particular pockets of Scotland. These distilleries saw

Essay Apple Strategic Change and Core Competency
Topic 1: Critically examine a period of strategic change for an organisation of your own choice. Outline
the triggers for change and the approach to strategic change in your case. Discuss the extent to which
this strategic change built on or transformed the existing core competencies of the organization.
Explain the most significant organizational issues facing the managers implementing this strategic
change and how effectively they were managed.
A STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF APPLE CORPORATION [pic]
A essay study submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject "Strategic
Management 2"
Submitted by Tianyu Lin
Student ID: 4093468
BRIEF HISTORY OF APPLE ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1985, the microcomputer industry suffered its worst slump in over a decade. Many new computer
products had been promised or rumored but were not yet available, causing consumers and businesses
(due to recession fears) to delay purchases until they could evaluate the new machines. Moreover, the
home market was saturated and the market for new customers difficult to penetrate. Consumer
preferences also changed. Service and how new products fit into an existing family of products had
become more important. There was a growing demand for personal computers that could communicate
and share information. It was estimated that this demand was growing at 30% a year, or twice the rate
of the overall industry.
APPROACHES OF CHANGE ON STRATEGY
Strategic change views the renovation of a business, not only the way the firm works but also do way
all system is organized, while operational changes only are important to prevent the business to
fail.Mintzberg (1998) has offered five definitions of strategy: as a plan, a ploy, a pattern, a position and
a perspective. Whittington (2001:2) equates four ways to lead to strategy: a classical, an evolutionary, a
processual and a systemic model.The classic approach is basically a traditional view of strategy, where
the strategic plans are drawn up by the senior managers to be implemented by others. The evolutionary
approach is the answer of senior managers to the market,

Management: Article Analysis
Abstract This management essay has answered four different questions in the light of relevant articles.
The questions are related to the challenges which managers face in a transnational business
environment; the attitude of firms towards sustainability and corporate social responsibility; the flow of
goods, resources, and information while developing a coordination system in a transnational
organization; and managing the boundary, managing the knowledge flows, and providing strategic
direction in cooperative ventures. Q. No. 1: the Flow of Goods, Resources, and Information while
developing a Coordination System in a Transnational Organization In this faced–paced and competitive
business environment, organizations need to develop strong networks with their customers, supply
chain members, and strategic business partners in order to compete with their industry rivals in the
most effective and profitable way. The biggest challenge here is to identify the core areas where they
can invest or allocate their precious resources to get full advantage of the attractive opportunities from
the market. When these organizations succeed in developing strong business relationships with their
key stakeholders, the result comes in the form of innovation. Innovation as the Competitive Advantage:
Birkinshaw, Bessant, & Delbridge (2007) have found that innovation is one of the biggest
achievements an organization can make in the presence of a stiff competition or highly uncertain

Analysis of Travis Perkins plc Essay
Analysis of Travis Perkins plc
Executive summary
This report intends to analysis the macro and internal environments and financial position of the Travis
Perkins plc by conducting the PESTLE and SWOT analysis. In the beginning of this report, it
introduces the mission of Travis Perkins plc. After that, this report presents the PESTLE analysis to
show the company's external environment. Then, it depicts the SWOT analysis of Travis Perkins plc to
show the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this company. It follows by the financial
strategy analysis and results of Travis Perkins. The balance sheet analysis will be presented in the
appendix. In conclusion, the comprehensive environments are favorable to Travis ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
2.3 Value of Travis Perkins plc
The value of Travis Perkins plc can be described from the following aspects: First, from the aspect of
the relationship with consumers, the company understands the expectations and needs of consumers,
respecting them and responding them in time. Second, from the aspect of the group itself, the company
works together as a united family to solve problems first when faced problems instead of criticizing
someone first. Third, from the aspect of development, the company has a deep understanding of what
they do now and what they are going to do next, pursuing being the best (Travis Perkins plc,2011, p10).
3.0 PESTLE analysis
Macro environment is crucial to the development of a company. All the external factors can have huge
positive or negative influences on Travis Perkins plc, therefore a better understanding of the
environment of the company is of supreme significance (Peng & Nunes, 2007). Among all the analysis
tools, PEST analysis is one of the most effective tools to analyze the external environment of a
company (Riley, 2012). This part will demonstrate PESTLE analysis of Travis Perkins plc below. The
result of PESTLE analysis can be demonstrated in the following table 1.
Table PESTLE analysis of Travis Perkins plc
Political(–)
Economical(–)
Social(+)
The raise of the

New Developments in Technology Management
Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2009, Vol. 8, No. 3, 324 –336.
........................................................................................................................................................................
New Developments in Technology Management Education: Background Issues, Program Initiatives,
and a Research Agenda
PHILLIP H. PHAN The Johns Hopkins University DONALD S. SIEGEL University at Albany, SUNY
MIKE WRIGHT Nottingham University Business School and Erasmus University, Rotterdam We
provide background information on key developments and trends in technology management
education, including the managerial implications of recent public policy changes designed to stimulate
investment in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Government is also providing subsidies for research joint ventures involving universities and firms
(e.g., the Commerce Department's Advanced Technology Program/Technology Innovation Program),
shared use of expertise and laboratory facilities (e.g., the National Science Foundation's Engineering
Research Centers and Industry– University Cooperative Research Centers), and programs to promote
management and entrepreneurship education among scientists and engineers (e.g., the Science
Enterprise Challenge in the U.K.). These and other trends discussed here have led to experimentation
and innovation in technology management pedagogy and content, which is the focus of this special
issue. For example, it is obvious that the rise in collaborative research and commercialization has
important educational implications, since it implies that team–work has become more important in
science and engineering, especially when both innovation and commercialization are involved. This has
resulted in the increasingly popular use of real–life team projects as the primary method of delivering
discovery–based learning. Our purpose in this special issue is to

Managers Explore and Exploit
Organizational Ambidexterity in Action: How Managers Explore and Exploit Author(s): Charles A.
O'Reilly III and Michael L. Tushman Reviewed work(s): Source: California Management Review, Vol.
53, No. 4 (Summer 2011), pp. 5–22 Published by: University of California Press Stable URL:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/cmr.2011.53.4.5 . Accessed: 27/11/2011 04:22 Your use of the
JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not–for–profit service that helps
scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted
digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In this view, dynamic capabilities are embedded in organizational processes or routines around
coordination, learning, and transformation and allow a firm to sense opportunities and then to seize
them by successfully allocating resources, often by adjusting existing competencies or developing new
ones. These capabilities underpin the organization's ability to maintain ecological fitness and, when
necessary, to reconfigure existing assets and develop the new skills needed to address emerging threats
and opportunities The Roots of Organizational Ambidexterity O'Reilly and Tushman argue that the
ability of a firm to be ambidextrous is at the core of dynamic capabilities. Ambidexterity requires
senior managers to accomplish two

Handling the Brain Essay
Handling the Brain
The initial premise of this web search was to determine what differences, if any, were known to exist in
the brain of the ambidextrous individual. An actual classification of "ambidexterity" seems to have
been all but eliminated, while the explanation of the term, "handedness", has become increasingly
muddled.
Beyond superstitions and mysticism, in its earliest history an individuals favoritism of the left or right
hand proved significant mainly to those clinicians who utilized this physical clue of handedness as an
indicator of brain lateralization (2). Lateralization in general "refers to the concept that a given function
is controlled preferentially by one side of the brain or body (5). Brain lateralization ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Shortly there after a German neurologist, Carl Wernicke, further identified a left hemispheric region
significant to language comprehension (3).
The majority of the human population, 70% to 95%, exhibits "left–hemisphere language
specialization", and are for the most part what one popularly considers "right–handed". The debate over
the 5% to 30% who are not "right–handed" finds that they might be classified as: ambidextrous, left–
handed, or non–right handed, depending on the individuals particular traits and by whom they are
scrutinized. In relation to brain lateralization those individuals not characterized as "right–handed" tend
to have, as a group, a less predictable pattern of specialization (3). A contrasting approach to addressing
the "left–handed" and ambidextrous persons dispersed processes would be to conceive of the "right–
handed" as dextrally bias (1).
In popular culture individuals have often been classified as "right or left –brained". This classification
has to do with those functions generally specialized in each hemisphere. "Left–brained" individuals are
deemed strong in those functions localized in the left hemisphere, which include: number skills, written
language, reasoning, scientific, and the spoken language. While a "right–brained" individual proves
characterized by those functions localized in the right hemisphere, which include: insight, 3D spatial
reasoning, art awareness, imagination, and music awareness

Weaknesses Of Google Inc
1. A Case Study on Google Inc.
The main objective of this paper is to analyse the case study provided on Google Inc. "What is the
corporate strategy" from a strategy as creativity perspective. Further it is required to demonstrate
extensive academic reading of the recommended creative strategy literature, to analyse Google Inc. by
applying creative strategy models and theory studied at classroom and finally to provide practical
recommendations based on analysis and relevant literature on creativity.
2. History of Google Inc. & Current Situation
Google is now (2012) a global technology leader focusing on improving the ways people connect with
information and they aspire to build products that improve the lives of people globally.
Founders of Google, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This made google to acquire many patents and patent holding companies at a higher cost to nullify the
possible threats from competitors.
However, very high bargaining power of Google due to its innovative patented products, continuous
innovations and monopoly in the industry made them to succeed in their operation.
5. Strengths & Weaknesses of Google Inc.
Google has strengths such as proprietary search algorithm and thousands of patents, a distinctive
competency, innovative culture and expertise–core competencies. technology and engineering
expertise, strong financial position, income growth, margins, high search share and brand awareness.
Main weaknesses of Google are depending mostly on revenue from search advertising (89%), lack of
strong share in non–search segments, lack of transparency and privacy disclosure, too many high risk
ventures outside core competencies, etc.,
However, new opportunities such as increasing smartphone usage, multi–device use and access to
internet, robotics, smart homes, increased use of social networking, cloud use, etc. would help google
to excel in

Students And Athletes & Athletes
Ambidexterity Amongst Students and Athletes MATH 141 (Prof. An) Final Project December 2015
Romeo Ardimento, Lorraine Jabouin, Christopher Kremer, Fiona Macleod Introduction/Background
Being Ambidextrous can be quite useful; particularly for athletes and musicians. Many sports require
the use of both hands, as do many instruments. For this reason our team decided to determine the
difference in ambidexterity, if any, between people who are either athletes or musicians, and individuals
who are not involved in either sports or music. We were interested in determining if the ability of
participants to use their weak hand as well as their dominant hand is associated with participation in
athletics or music. Does an individual's participation in either a sport or the fact that they play a musical
instrument dictate how well they can use both hands? Methodology We decided that the best way to
answer this question would be with a study. Our participants would be made up of 60 students. These
participants would be made up of three equally divided identity groups. 20 athletes, 20 musicians, and
20 individuals who do not participate in sports or play an instrument (who from this point on will be
referred to as the"neither" group). Those identified as athletes had to have had been on a Varsity team
and those who were identified as musicians had to have been playing their instrument for more than
two years. Individuals who fell into both categories were excluded. Participants were

A Report On The New Game Called Hockey
SRP report As a left–hander, I have always wondered what makes us different. As a child it made no
sense to me, people telling me I wrote with the 'wrong hand' or looking at my hand in amazement
asking 'How do you do that!?!?!' I always saw it as something to show off, a little peculiarity that made
me unique. As I grew older, the challenges got harder. In year two we tried the new game called hockey
that looked really fun – only to be told that I had to hold the stick in my right hand, which made me
pretty much hopeless to my team. My pencil grip was atrocious, and nobody could properly teach me
how to hold it in such a combination where I could see what I was writing but also hold it correctly and
comfortably (which I have only learnt this year in year nine). Not to mention the tasks of scissors,
white out, dinner etiquette, bumping elbows when writing or eating, not being able to copy sports
demonstrations, right–handed desks, and the part that hurt the most, my librarian always telling my
class the cruel stories of past treatment to left–handers. But because of my family's support from a
young age, I always saw this small trait as something that made me special. This never changed. The
personal hint inspired me to so something with handedness. I was also shocked to find statistics about 6
of the last 12 US presidents, 20% of all MENSA members, and 4 of the 5 original designers of the Mac
all left handed. There was obviously something different about left–handers and I

Business Strategy Red Bull
Table of contents List of figures...................................................................................................... III List
of abbreviations ........................................................................................... IV 1 Purpose of this paper
.................................................................................... 1 2 Company profile of Red
Bull.......................................................................... 1 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Company
introduction..................................................................... 1 Market overview
............................................................................. 2 Financial overview ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Agro Trading Company Limited, owned by a Thai family, owns the 49 % respectively the son of the
former owner of this company owns the remaining 2 %.
1
Red Bull (2014).
1
2.2
Market overview
The energy drink market is one of the few growth markets in the beverage industry with a market
volume of $40 billion in 2012 in sales globally.2 From 2011 to 2012 the off–trade ready–to–drink
volume increases by 12.4 %.3 North America leads in absolute volume and growth terms with a
compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 8.1 %. The market reported two years of 17% increases in
2012 and 2013 and is expected to continue a steady upward trajectory to 2018. Marketline stated a
market share for RB of 43 % in 2011 on the global energy market.4 Since 1982 RB has pioneered the
energy market but from 2011 to 2012 the company has underperformed the market. The closest
competitor is Monster with a market share of 16 %. With regard to the US, Monster is market leader
but also Rockstar benefits from a strong growth in the US. RB's sister company
Figure 1: Market shares on the global energy market for 2011 Source: Own illustration, following
Marketline (2012).
TC Pharmaceutical Industries is the Asian market leader with 81.2 % market share. Additional
competitors are the soft–drink companies Coca–Cola with its own energy drink brands Burn and
Relentless as well as Pepsi with its brand Sting. 2.3 Financial overview
The following financial overview

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Ambextrous
What are the advantages and disadvantages of Ambidextrous and Sinistral in a dexterous world?
Throughout the history, there are a lot of debates about which is right – handed or left – handed, even
ambidextrous better. This issue has been argued and resulted in many sides by not only scientist but
also psychologist, because it decides to succeed in life. In the following essay, the benefits and the
drawbacks of this problem will be discussed.
Let's begin by looking at some definitions. Sinistral people are left – handed dominance, which means
they prefer to write and manipulate with left hand. While ambidextrous people are able to do tasks
equally well with both hands. According to Carey (Right – Handed or Left, n. d), the survey found that
approximately 90% of the human population are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, Prof. Crow suggested that ambidextrous people have a risk of slower development of both
verbal and non – verbal skills (Raderson, 2001). A study of 8,000 children at 8 and 16 years was
presented how dominant hand associated with behavior, language ability and school performance.
Results showed that the 7 – 8 years old ambidextrous children acted like right – handed peers, but had
difficulty with languages, speaking and do math poorly at school. Secondly, by age 15 – 16, these
children also have twice the risk of ADHD symptom. ADHD stands for Attention Deficit /
Hyperactivity Disorder, which means children have difficulty sustaining attention, troubled
relationships, impulsive behavior and also struggle with low self – esteem and perform badly at school
(Ambidextrous children may have more problems in school, 2010). Those results may make the
ambidextrous children's parents disappointed and worried. Despite those results, Crow claimed that
ambidextrous children just develop later than others, otherwise, they might have a completely different
way to develop (Randerson,

Data Investigation : Reaction Time
Data Investigation – Reaction Time
Question 1:
Throughout this investigation, data collection and statistical analysis will be performed to determine the
validity of the following claim; "for driving a car, quick reactions are the most important factor. Males
will be better drivers than females because they have faster reaction times" (Michael, 2014). In terms of
driving, the time it takes for an individual to react to stimulus will have a major impact on the outcome
of the situation. In an emergency, a driver may be required to rapidly slam on the breaks or turn the
steering wheel, however it the individuals reaction time is slower than average, the likelihood of a
collision is much greater. For instance, when an individual with a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In order to maintain consistency throughout the study, each of the six subjects will utilise the same
source for data collection. Due to the fact that sites vary in precision (number of decimal places),
activity format and number of trials, this particular measure will assist in ensuring that the evidence
used to address the claim is both accurate and reliable.
The reaction timer from Maths Is Fun (2014) is specific to three decimal places. The accuracy of the
chosen source reduces the risk of statistical measures being slightly greater or less than they would be
if only one or two decimal places were provided. Unlike other reaction timers that are available online,
this particular source requires the subject to complete five trials before the mean is calculated.
Undertaking multiple trials will be vital to this investigation because if the subject was to anticipate the
event or have one delayed response, the trials that follow would reveal such errors, therefore increasing
the reliability of the results.
In addition to testing both males and females, three different age groups including 16–18 year olds, 21–
23 year olds and 47–49 year olds will be have their reaction times assessed. Incorporating a range of
individuals from teenagers to middle aged people will allow inferences to be made regarding the effect
that age has on reaction time. Across the experiments, two other aspects will be varied including using
dominant or non–dominant hands

Evaluate the suitability of the emergent and intended...
Strategic Management
"Evaluate the suitability of the emergent and intended approaches to strategic management for Oxfam."
Dominic McDonnell – 2003870
Seminar Tutor – Dr. Karen Quine
Word Count – 2,194
Throughout this paper I will be looking in–depth at two of the most well recognized strategic
management theories, Intended Strategy and Emergent Strategy. I will be evaluating the suitability of
the emergent and intended approaches to strategic management and measure the appropriateness of
each theory using various academic models (such as PEST analysis, Porter's 5 Forces, Porter's Generic
strategy) in order to consider the differing environmental contexts of my chosen organization – Oxfam.
There are many devised explanations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Porter (1980) created a model which considers five important forces (Porters five forces) which aims to
establish a profitable and sustainable position against the forces that determine industry competition,
therefore position themselves within it and differentiating themselves where necessary in order to
strategically gain a competitive advantage – this model gives vision of: Threat of new entrants, Threat
of substitute products or services, Bargaining power of customers , Bargaining power of suppliers and
Intensity of competitive rivalry (Porter 1980). Using models and academic theory like this allows
strategy to be formed through a rational and an analytical process. Chandlers (1962) cited in (Lomash
2003) suggests the analytical process is about the determination of long–term clear goals, adopting
actions to achieve these goals and then building the resources within the organization around this
strategy in order to ensure it succeeds. Johnson (2005), likewise, simply suggested a three step
approach to strategy – analysis, choice and implementation which goes hand–in–hand with intended
strategy.
An intended strategy approach suggests it is fixated on a specific outcome which may reduce the
rigidity of an organization but it does ensure focus is kept. It is argued that an organization is more
likely to succeed through these stricter

The Challenge of Breakthrough Innovations
The Challenge of Breakthrough Innovations
Table of Contents
"The Breakthrough".............................................................................................2
Dilemma/ Struggle of Established Firms.....................................................................3
Rules for Innovation..............................................................................................4
Building An Ambidextrous Organization....................................................................6
Conclusion and Recommendations............................................................................8
Reference............................................................................................................9
Appendix...........................................................................................................12
"The Breakthrough"
One dictionary definition of breakthrough is: "a significant and dramatic overcoming of a perceived
obstacle, allowing the completion of a process." But what really makes an innovation a breakthrough
(radical, disruptive) one, rather than incremental, from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, the rules and requirements that support the breakthrough–generating environment will be
addressed. Subsequently this paper will try to answer the question how an ambidextrous organization
can be built. The final part of the paper is dedicated to recommendations and conclusion.
Dilemma/ Struggle of Established Firms
The idea of implementing radical/ disruptive innovation in mature firms is discussed in the article of
Richard Leifer; Gina Colarelli O'Connor and Mark Rice, "Implementing radical innovation in mature
firms" revealing the fact that there is increasing evidence of breakthrough innovation in the competitive
marketplace today, but there is uncertainty on whether it is worth risk taking today?!
And especially large established firms face this dilemma; they have grown excellent at managing
operational efficiencies and building customer loyalty. But will they be able to take wise decision when
it comes to radical innovations and face the chaos associated with commercialization of breakthroughs.
Subsequently, some companies actually made it possible, for example IBM, with a new generation of
communication chips, describing an innovation aimed to increase switching speeds and reduce

Managing The Innovative Culture Within Electroboards Pty...
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction 2
2.0 Defining The Issue 2
3.0 Addressing The Issue 3
4.0 Conclusion 5
5.0 Recommendations 5
6.0 References 7
1.0 Introduction
The aim of this report is to address the central issue of how to improve the innovative culture within
Electroboards Pty Ltd (Electroboards). The report will begin by identifying the internal and external
environmental factors and issues Electrboards faces, followed by an analysis of the reasons that have
contributed to its challenges in creating the innovative culture it desires. This paper identifies that
Planning and Organising functions, supported by various management theories are the areas that
Electrboards needs to immediately focus on. Finally, the report provides recommendations to solve the
issues identified.
2.0 Defining the Issue
Electroboards' core business is the production of motorised skateboards with a niche market comprising
an older demographic rather than the usual younger target market. The high cost of Electroboards
skateboards puts the organisation in a vulnerable position at risk from competitors producing lower cost
skateboards. Whilst, Electroboards has undergone tremendous growth the company has not generated
the desired synergies between its employees and customers. There needs to be variation in the
management style within overseas countries and Electroboards needs to be cognisant of these
differences in order to be more effective in these global markets by utilising the

General Motors
Question 1
Which role should marketing managers play in helping to formulate business–level (SBU) strategies in
a large diversified firm such as General Motor? Visit the company's South African website at
http://www.gmsa.co.za and use the information obtainable from it to formulate your answer.
At the business unit level the strategic issues of General Motors are both practical co–ordination of
operating units and about developing and sustaining a competitive advantage for the cars and industry
that they provide.
The marketing manager's role is to formulate and implement strategies that deal with the positioning:
General Motors has to find a way of positioning and differentiating its cars and services against rivals
such as BMW.
They ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Typical systems are relationship management, volume discounts, special offers and bonus cards.
Product development– Existing products, new markets. The Swire Company needs to screen their
product. Afterwards they should test the concept; this is where the customer is presented with a
proposal product and measures attitudes and intentions. At this early stage of development, concept
testing is a quick and inexpensive way of measuring consumer enthusiasm. It asks potential consumers
to the product. This enables Swire to determine initial attitudes prior to expensive time consuming
prototype development.
Business and financial analysis for the remaining product concepts is much more detailed than product
screening. The factors considered in the business analysis are demand projections, cost projections,
competition, required investment and profitability. Now there is need to position and test the product.
Swire can now place its drinks for sale in selected area(s) and observe its actual performance under the
proposed plan. The purpose is to evaluate the product and pretest marketing efforts in a real setting
prior to a full scale introduction. It allows actual customer behavior to be observed. After testing is
completed, Swire is ready to introduce the product to its full target market. This is commercialization
and corresponds to the introductory stage of

Frederick Herzberg's Theory Of Job Enrichment
2.2.3 Job Enrichment
Herzberg and his companions' intention was to increase employees' satisfaction at workplace in relation
to work assigned to them and also to motivate employees regarding their assigned work. Job
enrichment was presented by the American psychologist Frederick Herzberg in 1950s. The basic reason
of this idea was to motivate employees by providing those opportunities of utilizing their abilities so
that productivity and performance of the employees increase and positively impact the organizational
environment and smoothing the way for achieving organizational goals. Job enrichment increases job
depth, the degree to which employees can plan and control the work involved in their jobs (Eraut 2004;
Kayes, Kayes et al. 2005). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rationale behind job enrichment is to motivate employees. The traditional practice of specialization
or division of labour, dividing work into many components, and assigning each component to a
separate worker results in employee boredom, and consequently loss of efficiency, and low
productivity. The earliest approach to relieve such boredom was job rotation and job enlargement. Such
concepts however did not have any backing from psychological studies. Frederick Herzberg, the noted
psychologist, in his 1968 article, "One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees?" advocated
enhancing individual jobs and responsibilities to make them more inspiring and rewarding for the
workforce. This became the basis of Job Enrichment, the earliest psychological backed approach to
motivating employees at work. According to Herzberg, a few motivators are added to a job to make it
more rewarding, challenging and

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