this slide contain equally important of pelicans and penguins.different types of pelicans and penguins are present.the systematic system also present in this slides.

1. Penguins

2. EXTERNAL FEATURES
 BODY –Oval in shape
 Cryptic colouration(black or bluish above &white belove)
 wings – devoid of quill feathers , covered with scale like
feathers-swimming &diving
 Legs-short and far back in the body
 Toes –webbed-steering
 Plumage covers the entire body
 Beak- horny plates

3.  Expert swimmers
 Breed in large group on desolute rocks
 Eggs- 2 to 3 at a time
 Incubation by both the parents
 Half digested food for young ones
 Example for bird migration by swimming

4.  17 species
 Largest-Emperor penguin
 Examples-Emperor penguin ,King penguin , Adelic penguin

5. I. Aptenodytes
 Largest of all penguins
 Colonized in Antarctic mainland
 Emperor penguin-1.2m tall, King penguin 1m tall
 Long and curved beak
 Narrow and long flippers
 Orange patches on the side of the neck
 Bizarre form of behavior
 Krill paste
 Single egg at a time
 Incubation period -65 days for Emperor penguin &14-18months for King penguin
 Make no nests

6. I. PYGOSCELIS
 Includes Adelic penguin , Ringed penguin& Gentoo penguin
 Small and highly sociable
 Short beak
 Few tail feathers present

8. iii. Megadytes
 Long and stout beak
 20 feathers on tail
 Confined to the island of New Zealand region
 Nest on forested land slopping into sea

10. IV. EUDYPTES
 Royal penguin or Crested penguin
 Yellow crest
 Moderately long tail of 14-16 feathers
 Breed in immense rookeries , sometimes beside the breeding
ground of sea lions

11. v. EUDIPTULA
 The small blue penguin
 Confined to New Zealand and Australia

13. vi. SPENISOUS
Northerly range of distribution
short ,stout &compressed beak
Examples – S. demurus of S.Afric ,
S. mendiculus of the Galapagoes island

15. Aquatic adaptation of Penguins
 Wings are modified in to paddle or flippers
 Strongly webbed feet & partial fusion of metatarsals
 Presence of solid bones & absence of air sacs inside the bone
 Short , closely & heavily packed plumage which holds very
little air
 Sleak and stream lined body

16. Pelicans

17. Pelicans
(Pelicanus)
Local name : Neerpakshi , Narapakshi
Super order :Neognathae
Order: Pelicaniformes
Family : Pelicanidae

18. Habit
 Large , web footed ,gregarious birds
 Widely distributed in tropical and temperate countries
 Large wings spread , very long bill & a pouch in the upper throat
 Huge body , well developed beak
 Short legs & fully webbed feet
 Upper part of bill is long flat and boat shaped usually terminated in a hook
 Lower part has to flexible arches which support a large elastic pouch
 This pouch serve as fishing net

19.  Tail is short , square and soft
 They make huge nest of straw and reeds at the top of tree
 Female lays 3-4 eggs , hatch in 30 days
 The oil obtained from pelican fat used as medicine to treat Rheumatisn
 Eg : white or rosy pelican (Pelecanus onocrotatus)
spotted billed pelican or grey pelican (P.philippensis philippensis)
Dalmatian pelican (P. philippensis crispus)
found in India

20. White pelican

21. Grey pelican

22. Dalmatian pelican

23. Anand p p