Brief Biography Of Chester A. Arthur

Brief Biography Of Chester A. Arthur
Chester A. Arthur Chester Alan Arthur was born in Vermont on October 5, 1829 to William and
Malvina Arthur. He was born in the city of North Fairfield and was the son of a Baptist minister who
had come from Ireland. During his early life, the family moved around Vermont many times for his
father's work and then settled upstate New York. As a teenager he became known as "Chet". After
high school, Arthur he attended Union College in Schenectady, New York, and graduated from there
in 1848. Then he became a school teacher at the same time he was going to law school. He also
became the principal of three different New York schools at the same time. He became a lawyer in
1854 and practiced law in New York City. His most famous case was representing Lizzie Jennings,
an African American woman, when she sued a streetcar company in Brooklyn who would not let her
ride a car reserved for white people. He was known after that as an abolitionist and helped other
slaves win cases for freedom. In the year 1859, Chester Arthur married Ellen Herndon, who was
nicknamed "Nell." Her family was from virginia and her father was an officer in the U.S. Navy. The
couple had three children, but only two survived ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When that did not work, James Garfield was nominated as president and Arthur was nominate as
Vice President. Garfield and Arthur went on to win against Hancock and English, and took office in
1881. However, less than four months later, Garfield was shot in a train station by a man who was
unhappy that he had been elected president. Garfield survived the shooting but died of infection two
months later. And although the American public did not have much faith in him, Chester Arthur
became president on September 20, 1881. He was the second Vice President to take office after a
presidential
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Chester Alan Arthur Accomplishments
"No man ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and widely distrusted, and no one ever retired ...
more generally respected." –Alexander K. McClure, newspaper editor and publisher. Chester Alan
Arthur, also known as "The Gentleman Boss", was the best president in US history. President Arthur
was not expected to become president and wasn't trusted, yet still lead this country very profoundly.
President Chester Alan Arthur was also not only known as "The Gentleman Boss", but as "Elegant
Arthur" as well. He was called these names because of his elegant taste in clothing and his
transformation of the Executive Mansion. President Chester Alan Arthur was a great man who did
many things that helped benefit our country. He also was very dedicated to ... Show more content on
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There, he tried to resume practicing law. Disappointingly, he could not because he was too weak and
ill from his Bright's disease, a fatal kidney ailment that weakened his heart as well. He found out
about his sickness in 1882, but didn't tell anybody. He was so sick when he came back home, that he
couldn't even go fishing, which was one of the great loves of his life. His life finally came to end on
November 18, 1886. He died surrounded by family and friends. Arthur was later buried in Albany,
New York. Chester Alan Arthur left quite a legacy. No one was expecting his presidency, but he still
did a pretty good job leading the country. He is known as an important figure in uniting the nation
after the deadly Civil War and Reconstruction. He is also known for the Pendleton Civil Service
Reform Act and the Chinese Exclusion Act. The Pendleton Act was known as one of his greatest
achievements while the Chinese Exclusion Act was known as one of the first and most significant
laws on restrictions of immigration. (13

Shadow And Custodial President Essay
Shadow and Custodial Presidents
Grant (1868) – Cleveland (1892)
Throughout the history of the world there have been many people remembered for their actions and
a great deal more forgotten for no real reason. This does not exempt more recent history. After the
American Civil War, six lesser–known Presidents, Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, and
Harrison, have been given titles of either shadow or custodial presidents. A shadow, is a section of
darkness, or a part that follows behind. Some of the Presidents seem to have fallen into the shadows
of other events, people, and issues. Others put themselves there, just stepping out long enough to
take care of a few urgent tasks then sink back into the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefor, he had little time to address issues that were presently arising. Grant has been labeled a
Custodial President for these reasons, and the term is fitting.
After his Presidency Grant became involved with a financial firm that later went bankrupt. Soon
following he was diagnosed with cancer of the throat and died in 1885, shortly after completing his
memoirs.
Rutherford B. Hayes 1876–1880
At the center of the most debated presidential election ever, is Rutherford Hayes. A man who spoke
well, presented himself properly, and made moderate changes in America.
Hayes was born in the state of Ohio in 1822. Later, he was educated at Kenyon College and Harvard
Law School. Afterward he fought in the Civil War, where he was wounded in action. Hayes was
elected into Congress in 1865, and served three terms as the Governor of Ohio between1867 and
1876.
Hayes ran for the Presidency in 1876, and had the minority of the popular vote. However, Zachariah
Chandler, Republican National Chairman, was aware of a loophole in the election process. The
electoral vote was in Hayes' favor 185 to 184.
Upon election, Hayes demanded that his dealings with lobbyists and politicians should be based
upon the merit and importance of each issue, rather than political considerations of the person.

Public Sentiments Concerning Chinese Immigration Essay
Public Sentiments Concerning Chinese Immigration In 1852, there were over 20,000 Chinese
immigrants living in California (Franks). Americans reacted very negatively to this influx, and their
negative sentiments were made apparent in the California Supreme Court's People v. Hall verdict,
which rendered Chinese testimony unreliable. Then, in 1882, President Chester Arthur signed the
Chinese Exclusion Act, a law that prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the United States
(Foner, 651). From the 1850s up to the Exclusion Act of 1882, Americans felt increasingly negative
sentiments towards the Chinese. As illustrated through newspaper and magazine depictions along
the Pacific Coast, the Americans perceived the Chinese as inferior and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The scenery is drawn with many dark shades on the walls and floor, depicting it as an alley or a
similarly secluded location. Here, the Chinese man partakes in his devious acts, away from the
public eye. This sets a dark, mischievous tone, and in the drawing the little boy is smoking a cigar,
presumably as a result of the Chinese man's negative influence. The little boy is underage and is
engaging in immoral behavior. The Chinese man has corrupted him simply through association, and
by smoking a cigar at his age he has been corrupted. This depiction shows the underlying perception
that the Chinese were an infestation that were negatively influencing and corrupting the population.
This perception of the Chinese as a menace is also apparent in the image "Amusing the Child" from
The Wasp. This picture depicts the Chinese man as a diabolical creature: He crawls around on four
legs like a dog, and has large scaly hands with sharp, thin nails. The Chinese man wears tattered
clothing and from behind, a long, red devil's tale extends from his body. Also, the image has two
Americans sitting on chairs: Sitting in the left chair is President Chester Arthur and in the right chair
is a baby, which represents the Pacific Coast. The Chinese man's appearance not only degrades him,
but also establishes the view that the Chinese

Apush Chapter 23 Summary
Chapter 23 The "Bloody Shirt" Elects Grant The Republicans nominated General Grant for the
presidency in 1868. The Republican Party supported the continuation of the Reconstruction of the
South, while Grant stood on the platform of "just having peace." The Democrats nominated Horatio
Seymour. Grant won the election of 1868. The Era of Good Stealings Jim Fisk and Jay Gould
devised a plot to drastically raise the price of the gold market in 1869. On "Black Friday,"
September 24, 1869, the two bought a large amount of gold, planning to sell it for a profit. In order
to lower the high price of gold, the Treasury was forced to sell gold from its reserves. "Boss" Tweed
employed bribery, graft, and fraudulent elections to milk New York of as much ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also opposed the government imposing a single moral standard on the entire society.
Democrats were found in the South and in the northern industrial cities. A "Stalwart" faction led by
Roscoe Conkling supported the system of swapping civil–servant jobs for votes. (Giving someone a
job if they vote for a specific party/cause. "Spoils system") Opposed to the Stalwarts were the Half–
Breeds, led by James G. Blaine. The main disagreement between the two groups was over who
would give the jobs to the people who voted in their favor. The Hayes–Tilden Standoff, 1876
Congress passed a resolution that reminded the country, and Grant, of the two–term tradition for
presidency after Grant was speculating about running for a 3rd term. The Republicans chose
Rutherford B. Hayes as their presidential candidate for the election of 1876. The Democrats chose
Samuel J. Tilden. In the election, Tilden won the popular vote, but was 1 vote shy from winning in
the Electoral College. The determining electoral votes would come from three states, Louisiana,
South Carolina, and Florida who had each sent two sets of ballots to Congress, one with the
Democrats victorious and the other with the Republicans victorious; there was no winner in these
states. It was necessary to find the true political party winner of the states, although it was unknown
who would judge the winner of the states because the

Causes And Effects Of The Chinese Inclusion Act
Signed by President Chester A. Arthur on 6 May 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was the very first
law passed by Congress that targeted a specific ethnic group. It was specifically implemented in
order to restrict the immigration of the Chinese into the US as well as interdicting them from
becoming a US citizen. "Until the expiration of ten years next after the passage of this act, the
coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be, and the same is hereby, suspended; and during
such suspension, it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come or to remain within the
United States." (Act Sec.1)[1] Evidently, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was an event of great
misjudgment and blind racism as shown by its racial discrimination, unjust actions, and
laws/prerequisites regarding immigration to the US. Already facing racial and financial hardships,
this particular ban is clearly inequitable as the Chinese were only immigrating to earn money in
order to support their families.
A substantial increase in Chinese immigrants first commenced in 1849 when the gold rush in
California occurred. They were facing extreme poverty back in China where the Taiping Rebellion
caused mass famine and a substandard economy. In such a negative condition, many Chinese
immigrants came with hopes of finding wealth to support their families back in China. They were
exceptionally amicable, frugal, and hard–working. Furthermore, they were willing to take low–wage
jobs that other groups

Civil Service Reform Analysis
The Founders of the United States had strongly feared a tyrant government rising to power again
after the American revolution; therefore, they adopted The Constitution of the United States in the
eighteenth century. The Constitution had offered citizens many basic liberties and protections from
an overreaching and powerful government, it did not, however, offer a civil service system for the
government to follow based upon merit. According to Naff, Riccucci, & Freyss, "Although a civil
service has been long feature of the government, a career civil service based upon merit had, until
the twentieth century, been a historical novelty" (2014, p. 4). Thus, reform efforts of the American
civil service system can be dated back to the very beginning of when the United States was first
formed (Naff et al., 2014). Why were demands of reform so necessary in the very beginning of the
United States as it was just being formed? The seventh president of the United States, Andrew
Jackson had introduced a new concept into office, to award individuals with powerful ... Show more
Garfield created a driving force for the first significant civil service reform (Naff et al., 2014).
Charles Guiteau, a officer seeker, felt shorted when Garfield refused to award him a position in his
office after winning his 1880 Presidential campaign. Guiteau felt his efforts during Garfield's
campaign were largely responsible for his political victory; therefore, knowing that Chester A.
Arthur, Garfield's Vice President, was a supporter of the spoils system, Guiteau decided to take
Garfield's life to ensure Arthur would become the next President and properly reward him for his
efforts (Naff et al., 2014). It became clear that the Spoils System possessed many dangers and
reform was desperately needed. Therefore, according to Naff et al., "On January 16, 1883, President
Arthur signed the Pendleton Act into law, creating the U.S. Civil Service Commission" (2014, p.

Why Did The Europeans Leave For The Us?
The New Immigrants
Q. Why did the Europeans leave for the US?
E. 20 million Euros between 1870 and 1920 arrived in the US
Religious persecution
Lack of land
Lack of jobs
Independence
Q. Why did the Chinese and Japanese immigrate to the US?
E. between 1851 and 1883, about 300 thousand Chinese arrived.
Many helped build the nation's railroads. immigration was limited by a congressional act in 1882.
1884: Hawaiian planters could recruit Japanese workers. Emigration boom.
Opportunity
Q. What immigrants came from the west indies and Mexico?
E. 1. 260,000 immigrants arrived.
2. Jobs were scarce
3. Industrial boom in the US seemed to promise work.'
4. 1902 National Reclamation Act: created new farmland and drew Mexicans in. Encouraged the
irrigation of arid land.
Q. What was life in the new land?
E. 1. A difficult journey: immigrants traveled by steam ship.
2. Louse and infected conditions
3. Ellis island: immigration stations
20 percent were detained. 2 percent were denied entry
The Process: physical examination by doctor, checked documents, legal requirements
4. Angel Island: San Francisco Bay; 50,000 Chinese immigrants entered the US
5. Cooperation for survival: people sought out people with similar interests and cultures
Ethnic communities: life rafts for immigrants
People put their money together
Felt increasing friction with the people already born and raised there
Q. What were immigration restrictions?
Melting pot: a mixture of people of different cultures and

The Destiny Of The Republic By Candice Millard
President James Garfield's tragic death is brought to new life in the book The Destiny of the
Republic. Author Candice Millard shows readers just how that very incident brought one nation
together. This being in the middle of the Gilded Age, at times it looked like the nation had
everything under its belt but in reality, people didn't see the corrupt happenings at that time. Through
poverty, war, a surprising turn in events, to downright failure in medicine, President Garfield's life
was a downward spiral and he wasn't even aware. As much as Garfield was unaware of that,
Americans at the time were unaware that they were slowly beginning to unite over the ignorance of
both Doctor Bliss and Charles Guiteau. Millard didn't just write a book of a detailed and historic
biography, she wrote somewhat effortlessly of the personal yet challenging circumstances Garfield
and his family were in and simply told a story. The author really goes in depth and is interested in
Garfield's poverty stricken family as a young boy because this is one of the many reasons America
adored him so much. As he lost his father, worked endlessly to be able to attend college, became a
teacher after just one year, and then going onto congress, he rose up to become the best president the
nation has ever had in that short amount of time. These details portrayed about his upbringing, show
people how remarkably significant and hardworking this man was. Millard shows that Garfield
knew he was brought up to make

Chester Alan Arthur The 21st President
The 21st President Chester Alan Arthur was born on October 5, 1829, in Fairfield, Vermont. Arthur
and his seven siblings lived in the United States and Canada during their childhood.
After he graduated from Union College in 1854 he studied law. "His legal career in New York City
was noted for two cases– one in which he secured the freedom of Negro slaves in New York who
were traveling between two slave states, and another in which he secured equal rights for Negroes in
seating and in service on city transportation." He became involved with politics and became vice
president in 1880, and sworn in as president in 1881. (Doren 14) Even though Arthur was president
and not very many people know, it is important to because he contributed to building America by
legend. He had a rough time earning support and trying to prove he actually was a good man.
Despite all of this, he did a very good job under the circumstances, of stepping up to the plate and
dealing with what was necessary and passing the bills that were necessary for the country. Reporters
told Arthur incorrectly on July 2, 1881, that James Garfield, the current president, had been shot and
killed. Right away, Arthur went to Washington to wait for news, and learned that Garfield had been
shot but was expected to make a recovery. While in Washington, Arthur was ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Such as the Pendleton Civil Service Act that passed on January 16, 1883. "This act was passed in
response to the discovery that Post Office officials and stagecoach operators had come up with a
plan to steal millions of dollars from the United States government" This act also helped establish
the Civil Service Commission. As a result, the merit system was created. Government jobs were
now given based on the person's ability to do the tasks, instead of given as a reward for political
loyalty. (Sheppard Software

A Short Story : The Story Of Sir Chester Worthingtons?
Just over the pond a young boy named Tristan lived with his cruel father and mother. Of course, they
were no ordinary family, they were the Worthingtons. When asked about the Worthington family,
any british citizen would've respond with a boorish comment or a look of distress, but when Tristan
Worthington was mentioned, everyone's eyes would light up and their hearts were at awe. Sir
Chester Worthington was the King of Britain, a man who looked put together on television across
the country, but behind closed doors he was a mischievous man. Tristan had grown up keeping
secrets about his father that he knew were wrong, but he had been threatened and could not even
imagine the physical pain his father would put him through if he ever told anyone about the money
Chester stole and the way he treated innocent citizens. Tristan knew his mother had a good heart, but
she could not see beyond the King's wealth, she would lie for the King in any given situation. Every
night, Sir Chester passed by Tristan's room and told him the same thing, "Everything was fine before
you messed up this entire family, if it weren't for you I wouldn't have to keep so many secrets from
this country. I have given you everything you want and yet you are still a worthless son." A
comment like this was almost always told with a tight grip around his arm, or a slap across the face
if he tried to respond. This was life for the innocent boy, the only love he got was from folks in
town. On a mountain just out

President James A. Garfield
President James A. Garfield was and still is one of the most respected presidents to serve in the
White House. Millard 's book is split into parts, each part a significant chunk from Garfield 's life.
Millard wrote of Garfield becoming president in the first two parts, then focuses more on his death
in parts three and four of her book, and I found what she wrote to be fascinating. The book switched
between telling the main events mainly from three people perspectives, which were Alexander G.
Bell, Garfield, and Charles Guiteau. I liked that Millard incorporated the perspectives from the men
and women that were instrumental in the downfall of Garfield. Her book is inspiring and very well
written. Garfield had served in Congress for seventeen years, but had absolutely no interest in being
president. When at the Republican National Convention, he was to give a speech to nominate a
candidate for the Republican nominee in the presidential race. However, the people voted for him
and to his dismay, Garfield became the nominee. As Garfield had no desire to be president, he did
not campaign. He did give speeches to the people who showed up to his home, but that was it.
Garfield won the election and was sworn in March 4, 1881. Charles Guiteau, the man who
assassinated Garfield was, in short, a lunatic. A few days before Garfield 's inauguration, he survived
the ship wreck of the Stonington. He believed that God had saved him from death because he was to
have a very important

Analysis Of The Book ' Ordinary Grace, By William Kent...
Faith and Forgiveness In FYS we were taught many ways to live in the world through the stories we
read, speeches we listen to, and the projects we did. In the book, Ordinary Grace, by William Kent
Krueger, The Chosen, by Chaim Potok, and Destiny of The Republic, by Candice Millard, I saw a
few prominent themes of how one should live. In these three books I learned about the author 's
voice through their writings. I saw how one should live their life. In these books the authors shared
common themes through their writings. The authors showed how to live life with forgiveness and
live life with faith. Krueger and Potok both showed me through their novels how to forgive someone
and they did this by showing that there is a bigger picture in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As Nathan was treated poorly throughout the story I really saw him forgive his wife time and time
again throughout the book. After the death of Nathan and Ruth's daughter Ariel their relationship
was tested to the max. Ruth would isolate herself from her husband and she almost despised him for
not being upset with the Lord. Ruth could not accept how Nathan turned to God because she blamed
God for all of this. While Nathan was being ignored, looked as bad, or just despised by his wife, he
did not fold in and say whatever I give up. Nathan had an understanding and forgiving mindset he
understood why his wife felt like this. Nathan forgave his wife while she was in the progress of
despises him. Nathan never acted this way towards her, he simply turned the other cheek. Nathan
showed a great will power by being able to forgive his wife so easily. This spoke volumes because
he simply lived his life in a forgiving manner. As Nathan showed his faith and forgiveness through
the story I saw a true man of God. Nathan lived in such a way where he could forgive people for the
things they did and this was because of how strong he was in his faith. Living a life like Nathan
means to live a life for God. A true man of God allowed for Nathan to live a very purposeful life. As
one reflects on the story, The Chosen, by Chaim Potok they will see many instances of faith and
forgiveness throughout the story. A moment right off the bat (literally) started the story off with

Chester Arthur And The Chinese Exclusion Act
Chester Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont on October 5, 1829. He was raised by his parents,
named William And Malvina Arthur. His father was an immigrant from Ireland and his mother was
from Vermont. Chester's father worked as a Baptist and his mother didn't have an occupation like
most women in that time period. Eventually, Chester moved to New York for his father's work.
There he attended Union College where he graduated in 1848. He became a school teacher after
completing college. He then attended national law school and became a lawyer. He practiced law in
New York City and one many big civil cases. Chester then became involved in politics. Chester
Arthur and James Garfield ran to gather as running mates in the 1880 election. James Garfield was
then shot a few months later after taking office. He did not die right away but after going to the
hospital he passed away. Chester Arthur was vice presidents to ... Show more content on
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After, he signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act. In all this act allowed the establishment of the
agreement of two political parties that usually disagree with one another policies let Civil Service
Commision lay down the law. Following the Pendleton Civil Service Act, he tried to lesson tariffs.
He didn't like the idea of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 so he vetoed it. The Chinese Exclusion
Act was an act that tries to keep Chinese immigrants from entering the United States for ten years.
Also when he was running for president he was known for his style in furnishing and was given the
nickname of the Gentleman Boss as well as Elegant Arthur. After his first term, he did not try for a
reelection due to his poor health. In 1882 he found out that he had a condition called Bright's disease
which is a very serious kidney ailment and he kept it to himself and didn't share it to the

Merlin: A Brief Analysis Of Steven Rayne's Merlin
American computer scientist Steven Rayne took the nom de guerre Merlin, at least in part, as a way
of self–healing–distancing himself from the loss of his wife and unborn child (indeed, his soul and
sanity) to the horrors of Armageddon. Marooned in Britain, in The War's bloody aftermath, he finds
a source of technologies that help make the name his destiny. In December 2041, Merlin discovers
the fortress of a friend and ally has been destroyed by weapons of unprecedented power. Searching
for the attackers, he stumbles into an ambush–which he survives thanks only to the help of a young
stranger. Grateful as Merlin is, he interprets his rescuer's timely appearance–and total amnesia–as an
opportunity to give life to a dream: remaking the world in the image of Camelot. Ignoring his moral
compass to pursue an obsession, he hatches a scheme to transform the teenager into the legendary
King Arthur. Of course, the idea is lunatic in its ambition, but backed by incredibly advanced
technologies–including Merlin's uncanny psi–crystal flute–it just may work. ... Show more content
But convincing the Directors that the lad is King Arthur seems unlikely at best. For one thing,
Merlin is a Yank (and, yes, arguably still insane). For another, Lord Gore is an 8–foot–tall giant in
cybernetic armor, with his own ambitions for the throne. But the most formidable adversary may be
Jennifer Niles Morgan; her name stirs ironic Arthurian echoes–and she's rumored to be a witch.
Aided by Chester, Sanctuary's personality–ridden AI computer, Merlin uses virtual realities to
"program" his Arthur. It's a grueling process, but the lad's a quick study and displays more hidden
talents than even a madman could hope for. But as the winter solstice approaches, the real test is yet
to

Stalwarts: Conkling's Elimination Of The Republican...
In the late 1800s, as the Civil War–torn America conflicted with high political strain and the disfavor
of the Democratic south, created the decade–long ruling of the Republican party. However, relations
with the Republican party strained after President Grant's term resulted in a division to occur in the
party. Therefore, created the two groups known as the Stalwarts and the Half–Breeds. For this
reason, the Republican party underwent a great stalemate in 1880. Because of this stalemate, on the
thirty–sixth ballot, presidential elect James A. Garfield won the nomination for the Republican
nominee. Eventually leading him to win the presidential election of 1880. As the nation cheered in
celebration, a menacing man known as Roscoe Conkling, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
To demonstrate Conkling's ability to sabotage Garfield's administration was the loss of his first
cabinet member, Levi Morton. "On March 1, Levi Morton, a Stalwart who had accepted his
nomination as sectary of the navy, was pulled from his sickbed in the middle of the night, forced to
drink a bracing mixture of quinine and brady, ... to answer for his betrayal. At four the next morning,
... Morton wrote a letter to Garfield asking him to withdraw his nomination." (Millard, 80) To
emphasize how much Conkling could interfere with President Garfield's presidency, was to look at
the relation Conkling had with Vice–President Chester Arthur. Conkling in the first place was a
mentor to Arthur. Another key point is that "Arthur was one of the two men Conkling sent to drag
Levi Morton out of bed and force him to resign from Garfield's cabinet." (Millard, 83) As a result,
Conkling had a strong grip on Arthur. In the last attempt to cause a stir in Garfield's administration,
Conkling sent in his resignation as senator of the United States from the state of New York, along
with others putting in their resignations as well. Consequentially this action backfired, causing
Conkling not being reelected, led to the end of his career. "'Strung with mortification at his inability
to control the President, and believing that the people of this State shared his disappoint,' wrote the
New York Time '... has thrown away his power.'"(Millard,

Political Paralysis In The Gilded Age Analysis
Julien Maarek
Mr. Konopka
APUSH II
8/27/17
Chapter 23– Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age
1869–1896
The Bloody Shirt Elects Grant
General Grant is nominated for the presidency by the Republican Party in 1868
The Republicans supported the reconstruction of the South
Grant just wanted "peace"
The Democrats nominated Horatio Seymour
Grant wins
The Era of Good Stealings
Jim Fisk and Jay Gould created a plot to raise the price of gold in the market in 1869.
They did so by buying and hoarding tons of gold and jacking up the prices dramatically
The Treasury was forced to sell gold from its reserves to lower the price
September 24 1869 was then known as Black Friday
Boss Tweed used bribes and fake elections to steal almost $200 million from NY
He was imprisoned eventually on fraud and graft charges
A Carnival of Corruption
Members of the government also did illegal things
The Credit Mobilier was when a bunch of railroad builders formed a construction company and
hired themselves at super inflated prices.
The reason they weren't stopped was because they bribed members of Congress and even the VP
himself
The Liberal Republican Revolt of 1872
The LR Party was formed in 1872 to fight both political corruption and the dissatisfaction brought
from military reconstruction
They chose Horace Greeley as their candidate (so did the Democratic Party)
The Republicans kept their support behind the current president, President Grant
Grant won again in 1872

Depression, Deflation, and

Mckim White Influence
Ch. – 20 Influenced by the best Both Carrere and Hastings studied in France and then together
worked at the firm of McKim, Mead, and White before they established their firm in the same
building. The firm of McKim, Mead, and White were the best at their craft. They applied the
principals of classical Greek and Roman styles in architectural design to their work. The firm was a
strong force in the city beautiful movement aimed to clean up the visual confusion and clutter of the
American cities landscape. The influence brought stately organization and order to the structures
that the industrialists were building during the Gilded Age. The firm of McKim, Mead, and White
made some other headlines largely scandalous because of the sensational ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, President Chester Arthur was a widower, and he decided to hire New York artist and
decorator Louis Comfort Tiffany to redecorate the staterooms and apartments in the White House in
1882
When he commissioned Tiffany, his job started with redoing the staterooms, which Arthur said
looked charmless. Tiffany went on to redo the state dining room the east room, blue room, red room,
and the entrance hall. In the entrance hall was one of the most impressive pieces of Tiffany work. It
was an opalescent floor–to–ceiling glass screen; this functional piece of art was the foremost symbol
of the Victorian era. The art replaced existing architectural screens that blocked the halls from drafts
in the entranceway of the white house.
Tiffany went on installing newly designed mantelpieces, changing the wallpaper with dense patterns
and, of course, adding Tiffany glass to gaslight fixtures, windows and adding in the entrance
screens. They removed all Victorian elements. President Chester A. Arthur had put in.
Pottier & Stymus was called on to design the U.S. Treasury rooms when President Andrew Johnson
was in office. Called on again for President Ulysses S. Grant.to work on a suite in the Executive
Mansion of the White House.
. by Sarah E.

Destiny Of The Republic Analysis
Destiny of the Republic was a story of the life and death of James A. Garfield. It was told in the
viewpoints of many different characters throughout the story but mainly in the viewpoint of James
Garfield, Charles Guiteau, and Alexander Graham Bell. Garfield was the 20th president of the
United States. His presidency was cut short when he was assassinated by Guiteau, and later Bell
attempted to Garfield make a recovery to continue his presidency. James Garfield was born into
poverty on November 19, 1831, in a log cabin in Ohio. Eliza, James's mother, wanted nothing more
than a good education for her son and he went to school for a while but then left to work at the
canals in honor of his father. He had a close call with death one late night when he almost drowned,
this gave him the realization that god had saved him for something greater than working on a canal.
He went on to get a better education and became a passionate and determined student. To pay for
tuition Garfield worked as a janitor and was later moved up to assistant professor. He wanted to be
the top in his class. He was accepted into Williams college an was one of the top five in his class. He
graduated with honors and returned to the Eclectic Institute where he became the school's president.
Shortly after he married Lucretia Rudolph and would later have six children. Ending his career in
academics Garfield ran for senator in 1859. About a year later James joined the Union in the Civil
war. He was made a

Native Americans In The Late 1800s
During the end of the nineteenth century, the United States had formed policies which reduced land
allotted to Native Americans. By enforcing these laws as well as Anglo–American ideals, the United
States compromised indigenous people's culture and ability to thrive in its society. The
encouragement of farming and redistribution of land posed challenges for indigenous people to
express their culture. In 1881, Chester A. Arthur said in his message to the Congress that "[m]any of
[Native Americans] realize the fact that their hunting days are over" and urged them to "engage at
once in agricultural pursuits". Arthur undermined indigenous culture by discouraging the way
Native Americans used land. The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 also overlooked indigenous culture
by distributing land to individual Native Americans, which contradicted their custom of collective
landholding; indigenous people had to begin farming as a result of receiving a third of land they
originally had. This neglecting of a fundamental facet of indigenous culture disconnected Native ...
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Due to receiving barren land from treaties, indigenous people depended on insufficient amounts of
government rations, which often composed of items like food scraps. With few tools to support
themselves and minimal assistance from the government, Native Americans faced a lack of
opportunities to advance financially. Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce tribe further described this lack
of governmental assistance in 1879 when he said, "I cannot understand why so many chiefs [United
States government officials] are allowed to...promise so many different things...I do not understand
why nothing is done for my people." Even after adhering to treaties and changing their customs,
there was little potential for indigenous people to thrive in the United States because the government
failed to uphold agreements with Native

James Garfield: Former Civil War
James Garfield was the 20th President of the United States, during the Gilded Age, and he did
important things to help out the citizens of the U.S. James Garfield was a former Civil War general.
Patronage, or, giving government jobs to loyal supporters, was something that was expected of
elected officials at this time. The problem with this was that some of the people that were appointed
jobs were not qualified. James Garfield wanted to change this. He followed in the footsteps of
Rutherford B. Hayes, and helped to reform the spoils system. Garfield only appointed government
jobs based on merit, or, in other words, ability. But, later, about seven months into his first year as
President, he was assassinated. The murderer was a man named Charles

Gilded Age
The Gilded Age (1869–1896), cynically named so by Mark Twain, was a time of industrial growth
and underwhelming political movement. After Andrew Johnson, Ulysses S. Grant, the Union's top
general, was elected President of the United States during the 1868 election. Grant himself really
wasn't cut out to be a politician, however, with the support of the Republicans and the campaign
slogan "let us have peace" that resonated with the still war scarred nation he won. Other one liners
such as "vote as you shot" and waving the bloody shirt, or reminding the public the gruesome war
they just finished, were commonly used to rally citizens behind the Republican candidate.
Corruption also ran rampant during these years. Crooked politicians and manipulative ... Show more
Another affect was the ignition of debates about how currency should be made and what to use to
back that currency, silver, gold, or both. In the end, legislation was put in place that worsened the
crisis but ended up boosting the national credit. The 1876 election definitely stirred the somewhat
stagnant political pot. Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden had an impossibly close number of
electoral votes. As a result, a special team of republicans and democrats came together to hash out a
deal that created the Compromise of 1877. The Compromise meant that republicans would remove
union troops from the southern states, ending forced reconstruction, and in return Hayes was elected
president. With reconstruction over, racism grew even more rampant in America. Jim Crow laws
were put into place and unfair sharecropping and tenant farming contracts ran rampant. Another
major racial problem was that of the white settlers in the West and the Chinese immigrants that had
come over during construction projects such as the building of the Continental Railroad. White
laborers were outraged that the Chinese works were taking their jobs and reacted by working as hard
as possible to make life hard for them. This came to a head when Congress passed the Chinese
Exclusion Act in 1882 that ended nearly all Chinese immigration until

Essay On Charles Guiteau
Charles Guiteau
Charles Julius Guiteau, writer, lawyer, preacher. He was born in Freeport Illinois September 8, 1841,
the fourth of six children. After failing his attempt to go to the university of Michigan, he joined the
controversial religious sect his father was also in but soon left. After also failing to become a writer
he went back to theology and then to politics. Also, he is the assassin who killed James Garfield,
President of the United States.
In 1850 he and his family moved to Wisconsin where he lived for 5 years until his mother died. He
moved with his father back to Freeport. While he was a young man he got $1,000 of inheritance
money from his Grandfather and went to Michigan in an attempt to join the University of Michigan.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He did not know much about guns but did know that he would need a high caliber gun. He decided
to get a .442 Webley caliber British Bulldog revolver and decided he wanted to get one with ivory
grips as opposed to wooden ones so it would look good in the museum. The gun cost $16 but the
store owner gave him it for $15. The first time Charles fired the gun the recoil almost knocked him
over so he spent a few weeks practicing his aim and stalking Garfield.
On July 2, 1881 Charles waited for Garfield at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station. He got
his shoes shined, paced, and engaged a cab to take him to jail. Garfield entered the station expecting
a vacation, he was shot twice. The second bullet pierced the lumbar vertebra but missed his spinal
cord. Charles cried out "I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts. ... [Chester A.] Arthur is president now!"
On september 19,after a long and painful 11 weeks fighting infections (which were most likely from
the doctor using unwashed hands and non–sterilized equipment) Garfield died. Many modern
Physicians say that if Garfield had been treated with clean equipment, he would not have died.
Candice Millard even goes as far as to say that if he had been left alone by the doctors, he would
have lived.
Guiteau pleaded not guilty to the murder charges. The trial that took place on November 14 in
Washington D.C. was one of the first high profile cases where the defense of insanity was
considered. Charles claimed that he wasn 't

Informative Speech: President Millard Fillmore And Chester...
Ashley Conrey Informative Speech Working Outline INTRODUCTION: I. Everyone in the United
States of America knows about George Washington, Teddy Roosevelt, FDR and Abraham Lincoln.
But do you know of Millard Fillmore, our nation's 13th president? Or how about Chester Alan
Arthur, our 21st president? II. According to Times Magazine, Fillmore and Arthur are among
America's top ten most forgotten about presidents, along with Martin Van Buren, William Henry
Harrison, John Tyler, James Buchanan, Rutherford B. Hayes, William McKinley, Warren G. Harding
and Herbert Hoover. Although I'm not sure how Hoover can be forgotten, with his Hoovervilles
during the Great Depression. However, all presidents, despite their impact on our memory, are
important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1848, he ran against Zachary Taylor for presidency. He lost but was elected as Vice President.
However, he became president in July of 1850 when Taylor unexpectedly died and his cabinet
resigned. e. According to Biography.com, "In foreign policy, President Millard Fillmore dispatched
Commodore Perry to "open" Japan to western trade and worked to keep the Hawaiian Islands out of
European hands. He also refused to back an invasion of Cuba by adventurous Southerners who
wanted to expand slavery into the Caribbean." He also supported the Fugitive Slave Act, and
because of these actions, he was not favored by the public and wasn't nominated for re–election. f.
Throughout the 1850's, the Whig party began to fade out, and Fillmore refused to join the up and
coming Republican Party. He then returned to Buffalo, New York, where he would die of a stroke on
March 8, 1874. II. Eight presidents later, Chester Alan Arthur, or "Chet" would be elected into
office. a. He was born on October 5, 1829 in North Fairfield, Vermont, the second son to Malvina
Stone Arthur and Reverend William Arthur, an Irish

How Did Chester A. Arthur The Principle Of American Politics
Chester A. Arthur: The Ripple of American Politics For my presentation, I would like to present a
president not known much in this time and age but one who, in 1880, made drastic changes to the
American government. This man was Chester A. Arthur. The following material is what I have
learned in American Government for only but one year, I have still learned more than what I already
knew at the beginning of my high school career. I have gained a better understanding of the
American political system as well as the history of the system. The second is that I can now put
everyday events that happen and see how they correlate to the political system which affects
everyday life. The last fundamental that I learned was how to do research. As I looked ... Show more
It wasn't long until 4 months after Garfield's assassination in that same year that Arthur officially
became President. Some of the highlights of his term as president were the signing of the Pendleton
Civil Service Act which prohibited the firing of workers based on political reasons and political
donations from the employees. This act also allowed specific federal government jobs be given
based on how well an employee does instead of political connections. Another event was his almost
successful attempt to lower the tariffs. He vetoed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, only to have
the veto overrode by Congress. Militarily he wanted to have the modernization of the U.S. Navy (.
In conclusion, I applied what I have learned from American Government to give an informative
view into a president who had a somewhat important role in the American political system 136 years
ago which still applies to today. This in return was done using the three skills I have learned:
knowledge of the American political system as well as the history of it, how the events correlate to
today and how to research a

The Causes Of The Great Railroad Strike Of 1877
As the years progressed from 1882–1970, the amount of lynchings done to blacks and whites
decreased and eventually in 1965 became 0
Class Conflicts and Ethnic Clashes
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 was when the four largest railroads decided to cut employee
wages by 10% leading for the workers to go on a violent strike...Hayes decided to call in federal
troops to suppress the fighting but more fighting broke out in mostly every large city (workers lost
and showed weakness in labor movements)
After the railroad successes, many Chinese men decided to leave back for China while others stayed
here and faces many challenges
The immigration of the Chinese in American Society angered many other immigrants (Irish) and led
to many violent reactions
Denis Kearney led the violent abuses of the Chinese using his Kearneyites in San Francisco because
the Chinese were a source of cheaper labor compared to the other immigrants
Chinese were "Rice eaters" and the Irish were "Beef eaters"
Chinese "coolies" were terrorized by Kearneyites (would cut of their pigtails and murder)
The Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 was an act passed by Congress that stopped Chinese immigrant
laborers from coming to the U.S.
Supreme Court Case: U.S. v. Wong Kim Ark stated that according to the 14th amendment the
exclusionists could not strip the Chinese Americans of their citizenship
Garfield and Arthur
Republicans chose James A. Garfield (electorally powerful– Ohio) as their presidential nomination
and a

How Did The South Affect The Formation Of The Spoils System
During the years following the Civil War and during Reconstruction, change was the main goal of
the North. Fixing the South was the topic of discussion in Washington D.C and throughout the
Union States. The North had many different opinions on how to reconstruct the South and put an
end to the conflict of the Civil War. However, the Northern economic system was also being
restructured and with it the American political system. American politics were affected by the
creation of a spoils system, politicians on corporation's payroll, and loss of party unity for
Republicans. The spoils system was a system used after the winning of an election, victorious
parties rewarded loyal workers with jobs in public office. Spoils system was most notorious ... Show
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The party became so divided that it split into three factions the "Stalwarts", the "Half Breeds", and
the aforementioned "Mugwumps". The "Stalwarts" represented the Grant faction of the party who
were openly corrupt and supported the spoils system. The "Half Breeds" were not openly corrupt but
were still on the payroll of big business. Lastly there were the "Mugwumps" called for the end of the
spoils system and big business intervention in politics. After the election of 1876 president
Rutherford B. Hayes tried a middle course to try and rebuild the party. However, his plan backfired
and he alienated himself from the party. Then in the election of 1880 tensions were at a climax when
James Garfield was voted into office. Four months after being elected Garfield was assassinated by
"Stalwart" Charles Guiteau. This act of violence spurred now president Chester A. Arthur to pass the
"Pendleton Civil Service Act". This ended the spoils system and political corruption that had
flourished since the end of the Civil

Andrew Johnson's Political Impact
The Political Impact of Andrew Johnson's Presidency
Andrew Johnson's leniency towards the rebellious South left the Republican Party in disarray. With
conflicting approaches in regards to Southern Reconstruction, Andrew Johnson and the Republican
Party clashed throughout Johnson's presidency. Johnson would eventually be rejected by both the
Republican and the Democratic parties when his term had ended. This opened an opportunity for
Ulysses S. Grant to run for office, who had little regard for a president's power.
The Political Impact of Rutherford B. Hayes' Presidency
Rutherford B. Hayes entered office with a growing abundance of public disappointment towards the
Republican Party. With the corruption and economic failures brought forth by ... Show more content
After his election, Cleveland would appoint many Southerners to a number of posts, thus furthering
his relationship with southern states. Due to his success in office and his publicity, Cleveland
brought the Democratic Party back into relevancy. Although Cleveland failed in his first attempt to
be re–elected, due to his proposal of lowering tariffs, he would later win his second election, being
the first president to be re–elected in non–consecutive terms.
The Social Impact of Benjamin Harrison's Presidency
With the push to transition into a bimetallic standard, Benjamin Harrison finally acted upon this
request by signing the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which would significantly raise the price of
silver. While this act appealed to the popular opinion, the shift towards a bimetallic standard brought
forth a panic that could only be ended by repealing the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.
The Social Impact of Grover Cleveland's Second Term in Office
Grover Cleveland's hands–off approach in office did little to help the nation during the economic
depression that had occurred during his time in office. His second term was considered an
underachievement due to this. The reduction of tariffs only worsened this depression, leaving
Mckinley with the job to force America out of this economic

Pearl Harbor Essay
Pearl Harbor
After Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States joined the Allies and became a crucial
element to an Allied victory. Though strategy was initially aimed at crushing Hitler and the Nazis,
Allied forces persevered for years on different continents, with different leaders, and with varied
objectives. Eventually, anything was being said, done, or invented in order to lessen the strength of
the opposing forces – not just Germany. Many of the Allies' attacks, particularly those led and
carried out by the Americans, became turning points which helped to determine victory.
First and foremost, the Allies were intent on destroying the German war machine.
Beginning in 1942, during some of America and Britain's first ... Show more content on
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After defeating the ill–prepared German forces at the shore, American General George S. Patton
marched troops toward Paris and another Allied unit moved northward from the Mediterranean.
Before they reached the German border, the Allies had succeeded in liberating France and Belgium
from German influence.
Thereafter, as Eisenhower prepared for a general advance on Germany, the Germans launched a
counterattack, 'the Battle of the Bulge', which significantly exhausted their own reserves. With even
heightened advantage, the Allies moved through the Rhine River and onward, crushing German
cities daily, to eventually meet Russian troops at the Elbe River. Within days, Hitler had committed
suicide, and Germany had surrendered. The 'war machine' was successfully destroyed. Still, more
work was to be done.
Before an allied victory would be completely secured, Japanese expansion in the pacific had to be
suppressed. Though America won many battles at sea and on the shore, their most important
weapons against the Japanese were aircraft. In battles like the 'Battle of Coral Sea' America
demonstrated the importance of dominating the air. After this battle, which Japan mistakenly took
for a Japanese victory, America was forced into battle on the Midway Islands. Here, again, the
Japanese were rained on from above. Still using decisive air control, America then moved toward
the Japanese mainland, "island hopping" along the way. Allied strategy

Why The Secret Service Came
Why the Secret Service Came to be
Jonathan W. Taylor
Ivy Tech Community College
Abstract
The United States of America has an elite group of men and women who protect their President, and
handle monetary crimes such as counterfeiting, and financial crimes, they are called the United
States Secret Service. These top agents work hard daily to crack down on fraudulent crimes, and
keep the Commander in Chief alive. This report will highlight their work from 1850– 1901. 3
presidents were killed in this time period, and much of the USA's currency was fake and useless. All
that considered, somebody had to step in and fix things. The Secret Service was the saving grace,
and helped to get the nation back on the right track. This paper will show how ... Show more content
With over one–third of the nation's money being fake, it became a real issue. When there is fake
money in the economy, it drains the value of the US dollar. It drains the value because, the more
bills that are out there, the less value there is to the ones in people's wallets, which tears apart the
nation's economy. ("U.S Secret Service in History," n.d.) Even today the US still takes counterfeiting
very serious, a single charge of carry fraudulent money can add up to 250,000 dollars in fines, and
possibly 20 years in prison (Followill, n.d). Fake money still affects us today, and should be taken
very seriously. Death of Lincoln
On April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln should have approved the secret service as personal protection.
His decision to not approve the Secret Service for personal protection of himself could have saved
his life. Lincoln went to the play wife his wife, Mary. Meanwhile, there was a deadly lapse in
protection of Lincoln. John Parker was a local police officer assigned to honest Abe that night, but
could not contain his drinking problem. Parker went to have a drink. After that, John Wilkes Booth
snuck, aimed his Derringer pistol, and shot Lincoln in the back of the head. Lincoln was rushed
across the street where he died hours later. This is sad by how easily this could have been prevented
this murder. Unfortunately, the US Government did not learn their lesson quite yet.

King Leopold II Research Paper
Leopold II was a king that occupied the Belgian throne from 1865 to 1912, but he is more
remembered for his terrible effect on the Congo Basin. In the Belgian Conference from 1884–1885,
Leopold II became recognized as the sole ruler of the Congo Basin area. He ironically dubbed this
land as the Congo Free State, which became his personal property, and where his cruel mistreatment
of the natives took place. Under his rule, up to tens of millions of Africans were massacred, and
even more were inhumanely tortured. Under Leopold's rule, the Congo Free State was "subject to a
terror regime" (Religious Tolerance). Leopold II and his army, the Force Publique, enforced cruel
conditions onto the slaves and consumed all of the land's resources for their ... Show more content
He first divided the land into two areas Free Trade Zone, and the Domaine Privé. The Free Trade
Zone was available to Europeans who were interested in purchasing monopoly leases of anything
valuable which was mostly ivory and rubber. The Domaine Privé, on the other hand, was Leopold's
personal land. King Leopold's gain in wealth is shown from a Gondola study in 1966. The study
shows that from 1888 to 1905, the value of rubber greatly increased from 260,000 Belgian Francs to
39,874,000 Belgian France. The value of ivory increased as well, from 1,096,000 Belgian Francs to
4,669,000 Belgian Francs between 1888 and 1890. Although the rubber and ivory trade presented
Leopold with an enormous profit, it also lead to his downfall. The large shipments of rubber being
exchanged with guns and ammunition made people suspicious. People like Edmund Dene Morel, an
investigative journalist, and merchants who wanted to break the Congo's monopoly like William
Cadbury rose up to expose Leopold II. In 1904, Roger Casement delivered an eyewitness report and
all of his details were proven. The nations present during the Berlin Conference agreed that the
power must be removed from Leopold, but by the time the Parliament of Belgium took over the
Congo, Leopold had already "milked"(Religious Tolerance) the

The Period 1870-1900: The Gilded Age
The period 1870–1900 is often refered to as the "Gilded Age". The very first time when we were
assigned this my first thought was what does gilded age even mean ? So i looked it up And i could
not even comprehend what it even said. First I'll tell you about the people who were involved in this
time period and what roles they played. Jane Addams Social activist who founded Hull House in
Chicago in 1889 to help immigrants improve their lives in the city's slums. Addams won the Nobel
Prize for Peace for her efforts, which raised awareness of the plight of the poor and opened up new
opportunities for the advancement of American women. Chester A. Arthur Vice president under
James A. Garfield who became the twenty first U.S. president in September 1881 after Garfield was
assassinated. As president, Arthur refused to award Stalwarts federal posts and helped legislate civil
service reform by signing the Pendleton Act in 1883. William Jennings Bryan Nebraska
congressman who gave the famous "Cross of Gold" speech and was the Democratic Party nominee
for president in the election of 1896. Known as the "Boy Orator," Bryan was the greatest champion
of inflationary "free silver" around the turn of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
president the only U.S. president ever elected to two nonconsecutive terms. During his rocky second
term, Cleveland unsuccessfully battled the Depression of 1893 , sent federal troops to break up the
Pullman Strike in 1894, and had to ask J. P. Morgan to loan the nearly bankrupt federal government
more than $60 million in 1895. Cleveland's inability to end the depression helped give rise to the
Populist movement in the mid 1890s.Eugene V. Debs Labor supporter who helped organize the
Pullman Strike in 1894. Debs later formed the Socialist Party in the early 1900s and ran
unsuccessfully for the presidency in 1908 against William Howard Taft and William Jennings

A Comparison Of Presidents John Tyler, Andrew Johnson, And...
Throughout the course of American history, we have seen a complete sway in the pendulum as we
discuss each and every U.S. President and how they impacted America at a certain time. We see
similarities and contrast between the different administrations even if they are both far out or close
together. In class, the analysis of Presidents John Tyler, Andrew Johnson, and Chester A. Arthur was
quite interesting their comparativeness. Although separated by party affiliation, origins, policy
outlooks, and evolving timeline in US history, they uniquely share a comparative touch to each
other. I will analyze what these comparisons are and why these comparisons are important not only
to their administrations, but how they have affected the American ... Show more content on
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When he first came into office, he used his Whig–backed Congress to push through legislation that
would help settlers to settle and claim new western lands. Tyler also pushed through the Distribution
act that was supported by many of his Whig allies. This gracefulness and cooperation with his party
in Congress soon came to an end when the banking question in the country came about. He
adamantly vetoed national banking acts that were authored by Henry Clay, and even set up a
national bank in the US. This was not the first time the two battled about the bank system. "In late
1818, Tyler was given a chance to closely examine the operations of the one institution that
epitomized Clay's American System: the Second Bank of the United States. The bank had been set
up in March 1816, but had failed to provide the economic stability its advocates promised. Instead, a
"bank mania" ensued––state banks proliferated, speculation was rife, and corruption widespread. At
the same time, the end of the Napoleonic Wars and other events reduced the demand for both
manufactured goods and agricultural staples, and triggered the first great depression in America's
history." (May 23) These acts grew weary within the party that led to Clay making sure his cabinet
left him abruptly. He was fortunate to have a few cabinet members stay along with him that ended

The Pendleton Act
Civil service are deliberate actions to improve on effectiveness, efficiency, professionalism,
democratic character, and representativity of a civil service with visions to encouraging better
delivery of better services and public goods with improved accountability. The following paper
seeks to discuss the Pendleton act of 1883 and the civil service reform act of 1978. The Pendleton
act was steered and passed through congress in the year 1883. It was passed improve and regulate
the civil service of the United States. Breaking the Spoils system which had become the practice and
custom of presidential administrations was the main purpose of the Pendleton act of 1883. Reformer
Senator George Hunt Pendleton from Ohio was the one who sponsored this act, which was later
passed into law by the president who was Chester Author on the 16th of January in the year 1883. ...
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James Garfield was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau after he refused the demands Guiteau had
given him. This brought a corruption phase in the United States which led brought more attention
from the American citizens. Garfield had written a couple of speeches that the president used in
some of his speeches during his presidential campaign and had expectations to be appointed as the
US Ambassador of France under the patronage scheme which was known as The Spoils System, this
led to the president's assassination by Garfield after he denied to give in to his demands. The
Pendleton Act had insisted on a rules that government jobs should be awarded to positions who
qualified for the position. It also required that examinations were to be given to applicants before
they were given certain civil service jobs and made it illegal to demote, or fire government
employees for political

Floyd Bostwick Odlum
People find success in mysterious ways: success can be perceived as different things in life. When in
hard times I have realized that desperation becomes an issue because it seems like the best and only
option. During the great depression when people lost everything because of the market crashing they
tried to get any job they could. One success story that came out of this was by Floyd Bostwick
Odlum. "He began swooping in to buy up failing companies at drastically reduced prices." This
didn't sound like the smartest move at the time but was very effective, so effective that he earned the
title "possibly the only man in the United States who made a great fortune during the great
depression." He further became one of the top ten wealthiest

Immigration And Chinese Immigrants
According to the online dictionary, the word foreign is an adjective and it is defined as of, from, in,
or characteristic of a country or language other than one's own. The noun foreigner is defined as a
person born in or coming from a country other than one's own. At first thought the words foreign
and foreigner may not carry a significant amount of weight outside of its denotation but what about
those who identify with either term? These people are looked as the "others." In Anzia Yezierska's
How I Found America and the poetry of the Chinese detainees on Angel Island both display an array
of frustration because of mistreatment and their expectation of America were not met.
The reason most immigrants move over from their original country to the United States is that they
are in search of a better life and more opportunities. The Chinese are no different because a huge
population came during the 1900s in search of jobs. Many worked as farmers, miners and railroad
builders. Americans were not too thrilled so they accused the Chinese of monopolizing their jobs.
President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, signed the Chinese Exclusion Acts which prevented
Chinese immigrants from immigrating to the United States. From 1910–1940 when Chinese
immigrated over they were kept and interrogated at Angel Island immigration station in San
Francisco Bay. They were asked outrages questions and if they didn't answer correctly they would
be deported. The Chinese expressed their

Politics During The Gilded Age Essay
Autumn Wiktorowski
Professor Wolfe
13 January 2016
American History 202
American Politics during the Gilded Age Politics from 1877 to 1901 were filled with corruption,
dishonesty, and unlawful behavior. The competition between the two major parties, the Republicans,
and the Democrats, characterized the Gilded Aged politics. Minor parties, like the Populist Party, did
exist, however, never lasted long. America saw rapid industrialization, urbanization, and the rise of
big business with natural resources, manufactured goods, and growing labor supply all helping to
increase economic outstanding. High tariffs prevented outside merchandise from making its way
into the United States, forcing Americans to buy and sell within their own limits. During ... Show
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These presidents– Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, and
Benjamin Harrison– mostly had unremarkable terms in office. Starting with Hayes, who technically
lost the election, and had very little political power. His election is known as the most corrupt
election in U.S. history. He fired employees who were not needed and tried to reform the
government's nonelected workers but had no congressional backing. After Hayes, Garfield, a Half–
Breed, became the 20th president but was assassinated shortly after the election. Chester Arthur, a
Republican, took his place as president and obtained congressional support for reforming the spoils
system. Grover Cleveland served two presidential terms in office. As a Democrat, he vetoed
hundreds of wasteful bills, while also achieving the Interstate Commerce Commission and civil
service reform. The 23rd president, Benjamin Harrison, was a Republican. While in office, he
introduced the McKinley Tariff and increased federal

Chester Alan Arthur: A Career As A Social Activist
Chester Alan Arthur was born on the 5th of October, 1829, in Fair field, Vermont. His father, a
Baptist minister, William Arthur, who was from Ireland, and his mother, Malvina Stone Arthur, who
was from Vermont. During Arthur's childhood, his family moved around Vermont and upstate to
New York for his father's work. Chester, or "Chet," as many people called him, attended Union
College in Schenectady, New York. After graduating in 1848, he became a schoolteacher and studied
law at the State and National Law School in Ballston Spa, New York. In early 1850s, he served as a
principal of schools in North Pownal, Vermont and Cohoes, New York. In 1854, he was admitted to
the New York bar and began practicing law in New York City. In 1859, Arthur became married to
Ellen "Nell" Lewis Herndon , she was a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, Chester Arthur had risen to power through machine politics, once in the White House he
surprised Americans by moving past the unfairness of the death of the previous president, Garfield.
In January 1883, he signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which was a landmark of legislation
authorizing that certain federal government jobs be appropriate based on value rather than political
connections. The act also took away privileges of workers from being fired for political reasons and
did not allow forced political donations from employees. He did not allow the Chinese Exclusion
Act of 1882 be pass because it would have suspended Chinese immigration for up to 10 years,
nevertheless Congress went over his veto anyways. Arthur's government also fought against fraud in
the U.S. Postal Service and pushed for the addition of the U.S. Navy. In the White House, Arthur
became known for his elegant style and taste for fine furnishings. His most common nicknames in
office was the "Gentleman Boss" and "Elegant Arthur". He reportedly owned 80 pairs of pants and
sold the white house

Essay about Politicians Of The Gilded Age
Politicians during this time period worried more about ensuring their own financial success,
securing votes by any means, granting jobs or favors in return for votes, and remaining popular.
They were not concerned with social issues, but supported or crushed these issues in accordance
with the decision that would benefit them personally. If politicians were judged to be good
personally, they were automatically viewed as good politically. Changes were made for personal
benefit, not the good of the community. Read political ideologies were not central to this time
period. Use specific people mentioned in Chapter 19 to validate or invalidate this statement. ***
As stated by Henry Adams, the Gilded Age which occurred through ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Conkling followed nothing of this sort. In fact, in more than two decades in Congress, he never
drafted one bill. Instead, Conkling distributed very profitable jobs at the New York customhouse and
spent most of his career as senator by rewarding his party who stayed faithful with government jobs.
Conkling's actions show the changes made only for personal benefit of this time period because
instead of during what was needed for the nation, he responded with actions that would help out
himself with more votes and by helping out only his friends.
The second of the two senators was a senator named James G. Blaine. Blaine was a Republican
senator from Maine during this same time period. Despite his corrupt actions, Blaine was probably
the most popular Republican politician of the era. Charming, intelligent, witty, and able, he served
twice as secretary of state and was a serious contender for the presidency in every election from
1876 to 1892. Blaine was a corrupt politician though. After being paid off by favors to railroads in
return for money, Blaine lied to the public denying that it ever happened. Soon after, the public soon
found out the truth. Blaine's corruption came back to him in 1884 when he tried to run for president.
Overcome with anger towards him, Democrats would often rally: "Blaine! Blaine! James G. Blaine!
/ Continental liar from the state the Maine!" This kind of corruption shows how politicians were
more worried about ensuring their own financial

Brief Biography Of Chester A. Arthur

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Brief Biography Of Chester A. Arthur