The Drilling Of Fshore Drilling Industry

The Drilling Of Fshore Drilling Industry
The offshore drilling industry can be split into 5 key markets: upgrade market, contract drilling
market, second–hand market, scrap market and contract drilling market. Among them contract
drilling market is most important, because it ensures smooth cash flow between markets. drilling
units is summarised in the table below.
The table above describes cash flow within offshore drilling markets. Contract drilling market leases
drilling units to O&G companies to drill or service wells, in turn they receive day rates. The day rate
is the daily price to lease a rig and includes the use of the rig and its crew but does not include most
of the other costs associated with drilling and completing a well (e.g., casing, drilling fluids,
logistics, well evaluation, etc.). The drilling service industry is the largest and most closely followed
of the five markets and drives the activities of investors in the other markets.
The new build market uses shipyard labour and capital to convert steel and third party equipment
into rigs. Drilling contractors enter into turnkey contracts with shipyards for the construction and
delivery of one or more rigs, or yards may build on speculation. The new build market is primarily
Asian with major shipyards in Singapore, South Korea, and China.
The upgrade market is a ship repair market which both upgrades and maintains rigs. Upgrades
improve and modernize rig technology and represent significant capital expenditures.
In the second–hand market, rigs are
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The Industry's Longest Track Record Records Of Providing...
Today, it continues to build on the industry 's longest track record of providing leading edge E&P
technology to develop new advancements–from reservoir to surface. Schlumberger supplies the
industry 's most comprehensive range of products and services, from exploration through production
and integrated pore–to–pipeline solutions for hydrocarbon recovery that optimize reservoir
performance. Its key Customers includes Twenty–eight customers that are currently publicly
disclosed. Schlumberger is providing services for several large multinational and foreign companies
including ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell, BP, Petroleos Mexicanos, OGX Petroleo in Brazil, and Oil
India Limited. The geographical diversity of its publicly listed company shows the ... Show more
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Drilling Group which is the segment this paper focus on it market analysis consists of the principal
technologies involved in the drilling and positioning of oil and gas wells and consist of wide range
of product lines. We chose this segment because the potential of this segment, as it generated more
than $2.5 billion in operating income in 2015 that is nearly 39% of Schlumberger's total, comparing
to $1.4 billion Halliburton drilling segment (best alternative) operating income. And Schlumberger's
drilling segment has around 12% global market share6. And Schlumberger's drilling margins are the
highest compare to Halliburton and Baker Hughes. Also Schlumberger acquisitions strategy
enhanced the value proposition for drilling segment.
Marketing Mix
Schlumberger uses the marketing mix through the tactics to promote their drilling segment in the
market. The 4Ps of the marketing mix influence each other and make up the business plan for
Schlumberger to create its success. The Following are the 4Ps of drilling segment:
Product: Schlumberger drilling group consists of wide range of sub segments product lines1 that
consist of Engineering & Real–Time Analysis, Drilling Services & Systems, LWD & MWD,
Drilling Rigs, Drill Bits, Drilling Tools & Products, Drilling Fluid Solutions, Surface Logging
Services, Solids Control & Cuttings Management, Fluids Processing, Drilling Applications,
Cementing Services, Bits and Drilling Tools Fundamentals. Each

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Essay
The e Deepwater Horizon oil spill at the Macondo well began on April 20, 2010, in the Gulf of
Mexico on the BP–operated Macondo Prospect. An explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig
on 20 April 2010 killed 11 people and caused almost 5 million barrels of oil to flow into the Gulf of
Mexico. The spill covered 68,000 square miles of land and sea and triggered a response effort
involving the use of nearly 2 million gallons of dispersant chemicals (Pallardy). Considered the
largest accidental marine oil spill in history, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS) resulted in
widespread environmental and economic damage, the exact nature of which is only beginning to be
understood (Shultz 59). This paper will address the causes of this unmitigated ecological disaster
and discuss steps that need to be taken to prevent a similar disaster from occurring again.
There were a number of causes for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, most of which had more to do
with the human element that with any technology itself. The four biggest ways that humans
contributed to the disaster, as explained by journalist David Coburn, was the fact that British
Petroleum's (BP) past success built a sense of complacency, the shifting the burden of proof, the
normalization of deviance and the fact that promoters for an industry also serve as that industry's
regulatory enforcers. One might ask themselves how being continuously successful can make a
person or agency more likely to suffer a disaster. If they

Essay about Chapter 2 Hw
portfolio beta= w1b1+w2b2 w1 = 20,000/55,000= .3636 w2= 35,000/55,000= .6364 portfolio bet=
.3636*.7 + .6364*1.3 = 1.082 Required rate of return AA industries = risk free rate + market risk
premium*beta AA industries ri = rRF + (rM – rRF)b
4% + (12%–4%)*.8 = 10.4% required return= risk free rate+ market risk premium*beta ri = rRF +
RPM* b
Market– required return= 5%+7%= 12%
Beta of 1– required return= 5%+ 7%*1= 12%
Beta of 1.7– required return= 5%+ 7%*1.7 = 16.9% = P1r1+P2r2+P3r3+ etc.
= (0.1)(–50%) + (0.2)(–5%) + (0.4)(16%) + (0.2)(25%) + (0.1)(60%) = 11.40% σ2=( r1– )2*P1+(
r2– )2*P2+( r3– )2*P3+ etc then square rooted
(–50% – 11.40%)2(0.1) + (–5% – 11.40%)2(0.2) + (16% – 11.40%)2(0.4) + (25% – 11.40%)2(0.2)
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The portfolio ultimately gives the same return but with less risk. check spreadsheet for formulas.
bx=1.3471 an by=.6508 rx= rRF + (RPM)(bx) rx=6% + 5%*1.3471 = 12.7355% ry= 6% +
5%*.6508 = 9.2540% beta of portfolio = .8 * bx + .2 *by bp=.8*1.3471 + .2*.6508 = 1.2078 rp=
rRF + (RPM)(bp)

How Did BP Oil Spill?
Introduction BP, formerly known as British Petroleum, is the third largest oil and gas producer in the
world, producing almost 3.8 million barrels per day. BP was founded in 1908 by William Knox
D'Arcy in London, United Kingdom. The company operates worldwide in several sectors of the oil
and gas industry such as generating low carbon energy, moving oil and gas, and off and onshore oil
and gas extraction (BP, 2014). However, the offshore Deepwater Horizon oil spill that happened on
April 20th, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico was one of the greatest oil spills that took place in history.
The disaster caused the loss of the lives of 11 workers, severely injuring 17 workers, and the
aftermath had a great impact on the environment in the Gulf of Mexico. The series of ethical issues
that took place leading to the disaster are complex, and other factors such as economic and political
issues arose after the catastrophe happened. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ethical issues
that took place before the disaster happened, and investigate the moral obligations, social
responsibility and justice at an individual and organizational level. The ethical dilemma is broken
down into three categories, which include the company's management priority to reduce costs and
time, neglecting safety issues addressed by staff, human misjudgment and errors in neglecting
pressure reading; and finally, overlooking the technical design flaws that were not tested by BP
before installing to use. The

The Overturning Stability Of A Jack Up Mobile Offshore...
INVESTIGATION ON THE OVERTURNING STABILITY OF A JACK UP MOBILE OFFSHORE
PRODUCTION UNIT BY SITE–SPECIFIC ANALYSIS TO FIND A SOLUTION TO AVOID THE
FAILURE OF ITS LEG LATTICE STRUCTURE
Bh.Nagesha, Prof. I.N. Niranjan Kumarb, Dr Manu Korullac a, Research Scholar in Marine
Engineering Department, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, INDIA bProfessor in Marine
Engineering Department, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, INDIA cScientist – G, Naval
Science and Technological Laboratory, Visakhapatnam, 530027, INDIA
ABSTRACT
The site–specific assessment analysis has been performed on a three legged drill rig with spud cans
to investigate the failure of the leg lattice structure of the legs of a Jack–up Rig which is being
converted from Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) to Mobile Offshore Production Unit
(MOPU). The failure of legs is quite common because of the increased elevated loads for a MOPU
and also being a fixed platform and cannot be regularly jacked up & down due to severe wave
conditions. Unless a proper assessment and analysis is done, it is found dangerous to put the vessel
into operation.
The authors in this paper have enunciated a proper procedure for the assessment of failure and a
system and correct analysis procedure has been shown by taking into consideration the overturning
stability of the unit, preload requirements and the structural integrity of the legs and the leg holding
system (pinions) under storm loading. The hull strength has been

The Pros And Cons Of Deepwater Drilling
During World War II, the Gulf of Mexico was the main area for offshore drilling (Crandall, Parnell,
& Spillan, 2013). Since most of these were wells were shallow waters, mostly 200 feet or less, were
drained of all oil, many organizations moved to deeper waters. However, there are problems that
come along with deep water drilling, such as not knowing how to operate and drill at that specific
depth. The United States government says that a deep water well is anything 500 feet or more
(Crandall et al, 2014). Because of their deep length, robots are sent to fix any maintenance problem
that may occur. In 2010, there were more than 600 deep water wells in the Gulf of Mexico (Crandall
et al, 2014).
The Deepwater Horizon was a semi–submersible that was used to dig the well on the Macondo
slope of the Gulf of Mexico (Crandall et al, 2014). It was built in Korea and arrived for use in the
Gulf of Mexico in 2001 (Crandall et al, 2014). After the well was dug and capped, the rig moved to
a different site to dig again. Soon after Deepwater Horizon was finished, a different rig would arrive
to drain the oil. The Macondo oil well in the Gulf of Mexico was 18,360 feet below sea level.
British Petroleum (BP) and other organizations leases these rigs through Transocean, rather than
owning or operating them (Crandall et al, 2014). For Deepwater Horizon, they leased the rig to
Transocean for $533,000 a day (Crandall et al, 2014). Unfortunately, drilling the Macondo brought
problems that

Hsc300 Unit 3 Assignment
Edwin, because your disability during the month of December, you were not able to accumulate
anough work for this period, you did not accumulate any rework numbers. However part of the
quality section of your monthly coaching form is your full house compliance and hope your whole
house in range. Currently for the month of February your score 96.9% in whole house complaints in
100% in whole house in range. Your two new yearly averages are 93.4 and 98.7% respectively.
currently you are falling below on whole house compliance. Although these two percentages are
difficult to accomplish, you are within a very close range to meeting both goals. I have the
confidence, that you will reach the necessary goals by the end of this year.
Edwin, unfortunately your CSAT this month was 86.7%. This is going to be an area that we all have
to focus in 2016. Based on what I've seen with other technicians, if you get a good score in CSAT
this will also transpire to your productivity and your rework. It is simple to understand. Because you
take care of the customer this will require that you generate additional points, and customer
satisfaction, while maintaining high quality of work. In turn, this will also make your productivity
and your rework better. I look forward to working with you in improving and increasing this
percentage in the upcoming months. Currently your are 98% CSAT overall. The new ... Show more
Your new yearly average is 9.8 points per hour. The department average was 9.1 points per hour and
the team average was point 8.7 points per hour. I have no doubt that this should not be a challenge to
you. You have consistently scored high in productivity month or month in the past. Your on time
guarantee this month was 100%. I highly encourage you to continue your focus on meeting the
department goals on time and on CSAT. This will definitely improve your overall performance not
only in production, CSAT, but also you

Discuss The Tragic Effects Of The Bp Oil Spill
The tragic effects of the BP oil spill A tragic explosion on April 20th, 2010 changed the Gulf of
Mexico and the area surrounding it completely. This was the disastrous explosion of the Deepwater
Horizon oil rig. The oil industry has been a large part of the United States' history for decades and
the company BP has been part of it since the start of oil production. According to the article
"Standard Oil Company and Trust American Corporation", John D. Rockefeller ran the Standard Oil
Company from 1870– 1911 and controlled almost all of the United States' oil production (Standard
Oil Company 1). The Standard Oil company split into several companies in the early 1900s. The
British Petroleum Company purchased some of the Standard Oil Company in Ohio and was later
renamed "BP" (Standard Oil Company 12). BP leased the Deepwater Horizon oil rig in 2001. It was
built in 2001 by Hyundai Heavy Industries and owned by the company Transocean (Blanchfield 6).
9 years later, the rig had an unfortunate incident that had a lasting impact. ... Show more content on
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It was drilling the deepest oil well in history with a vertical depth of 35,050 ft. (Blanchfield 11). It
unexpectedly exploded on April 20th, 2010 and killed 11 crewmen. Somehow, a highly flammable
gas made it up the drilling pipes of the rig and caused a fire. 2 days later, the rig sank into the ocean,
spilling thousands of gallons of Macondo oil each day just 52 miles off of the coast of Louisiana
(Blanchfield 2). Over the course of 87 days, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig leaked an estimated 3.19
million barrels of Macondo oil into the Gulf of Mexico, which became the worst marine oil spill in
U.S. history and affected the area's environment, economy, and

History Of Southern California 's Shoreline And...
Introduction
On the afternoon of January 28, 1969, a terrible environmental disaster occurred when a well
blowout on the Union Oil Company platform A, causing one of the largest oil spill in the United
States. The platform was located in Summerland Oil Field pier which 6 miles east of city of Santa
Barbara. Riggers desperately tried to repair the well before oil started spreading to the shoreline.
Needless to say, the effects of the oil spill sparked outrage from the local community and the media
that inevitably caused ecological effects, safety and ethical concerns. It took oil workers a total of 11
days to cap the ruptured pipe, while an estimated 3 million gallons of poisonous black crude oil
showered the Pacific Ocean. Sadly, oceans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
33). Oil companies and prospectors quickly started developing oil rigs on private beaches, and in
1896, the world's first offshore drilling rigs was originated in Summerland, California. Summerland
was a tourist town known for the tranquil climate, beautiful beaches, and health resorts. As oil rigs
were being constructed, drilling was often rushed and the marine water suffered ecological harm by
being the dumping grounds for waste and other harmful conditions. The local community and
environmentalist were increasingly becoming outraged when the well– manicure coastlines were
rapidly becoming disfigured by noisy, disruptive, plastering oil rigs. During this time, all offshore
activities were unregulated by the state and the only legal requirement for prospector was that they
negotiate an agreement with the owner of the ocean front property of which drilling rig would be
extended (Wilder, p.31). As technology evolved, offshore drilling moved progressively into deeper
water and farther away from oceanfront. In 1958, Richfield Oil Company developed the first drilling
man–made island in Rincon where there was a substantial amount of oil was found. With the
mounting pressure and high demand to produce more oil and gas, geologists studied the anticlinal
trends and discovered the abundance of oil productive in Rincon Island extended underneath the
Santa Barbara Channel. By the 1960's, oil prospectors began to partner with one another developing
into large oil

Bar Midwest
The morning air seeped through the open window as the newly rising sun glowed on the barren rock
landscape dome. It wasn't so barren though, there was small house that laid nestled in the rocks. The
house was more like a small shackled shed than an actually house. The house was small and simple,
made out of wood equipped with a chicken coop and garden. The house was had one room. In the
room was a fireplace, coal burning stove, table for two, and a twin sized bed shoved in the corner.
The bed was unmade and a man stood at the stove making his morning breakfast of eggs. The man
is me, Coy Fimms. Living on the hills of rocks was usually simple and boring. Every morning
started out the same I woke up, never made the bed, and ate my bland ... Show more content on
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And also that I had been shamed by my family after I has the first report in five generations to be so
publicly humiliated. But of course none of this riff–raff was true. This is all a lie that was my cover
story to keep me protected from the dark sides of the ruthless oil companies. They government had
place me here to keep watch over the very expensive and crucial part of the oil world. The Teapot
Dome. The name may not describe the expensive side of the teapot but it did describe the formation
its self. The dome was literally a teapot shape depending on which way rock was look at. The rock
formation sat on the rock hill with the spout facing north and the sides of the kettle facing west and
east. The rock was tall and wide. And when the skies rained in the early springs the vegetation on
the hill wood start to grow and add a mossy green color to the dome. But the dome still stood
prevalent in the barren landscape. Even though the rock itself was amazing for the shape, the dome
was even more special because the dome is a dome. The dome is obviously a rock formation and the
features of the rock allows oil to be trapped underground between impervious layers of rock. Which
makes this dome a gold mine for oil. Oil companies would be in a quarreling over the land except
for the fact that congress set aside

Explosion: An Uncontrollation In Greek Myth
Who doesn't have a favorite constellation? I have found myself looking at the night sky for years
wondering this, and over these years I've found my favorite, though it may be cliché, this
constellation is Orion. I don't have many reasons for this and honestly I believe the main reason is
simply aesthetic preference. Another reason, however, is the Greek myth that goes with it. The
constellation itself is located on the celestial equator, simply the projection of earth's equator in
space, and can be seen throughout the world. It was named for the great hunter in Greek mythology,
and is one of the most recognized constellations in the world.
There are quite a few myths surrounding the constellation Orion, my favorite however states that
Orion was a mortal man who was gifted to the gods of Olympus. Because of this he was a great
hunter and spent his days taking down animals and monsters in sport, this drew the goddess
Artemis's eye and the two of them became close friends. Throughout this bond Artemis began to
forget her vows of eternal maidenhood and thought to marry Orion. Her brother Apollo wasn't
pleased and to combat this he pointed out Orion as he swam. Apollo then taunted Artemis, daring
she couldn't hit the unidentified item, and Artemis took the dare, killing Orion and out of respect for
her hunting partner she placed him in the sky to hunt with his dogs forever. ... Show more content
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Orion would start off humble, excepting the gifts from the gods, and hunting beside Artemis and
over time he would begin to see himself as

Mathematical Modeling Of A Functional Building
Mathematical Modeling of a Functional Building
Reminder Abstract should be able to be taken out of the paper and the rest of the paper still makes
sense.
Throughout architecture there is a delicate balance between functionality and aesthetics. However a
rule of thumb to follow is "form follows function". Therefore for the purpose of our designed office
block, we decided to allow form to follow function for majority of our decisions, but we also kept
the aesthetics in our modeling conscious.
Abstract and introduction: what a reader would read for the goal of the paper. We did this and then
this and then this... Can divulge all the aspects of the problem, but not too much detail.
Introduction:
We are two partners in an independent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We finally settled on the semicircle equation because changing the height of the structure without
altering the set width, allowed for a more natural looking curve, whereas the function creates a more
"pinched' look. (include pictures of the buildings)
36* sin( π/ 72* x)
46* sin( π/ 72* x)
51* sin( π/ 72* x)
Ultimately, we made this choice for the purposes of this structure because it not only provides an
ideal form, but also allows for diverse functions as well.
Because we chose this graph to model the main arch of the building, we wanted to experiment in a
sense, and see how we could use this model in conjunction with the rectangular base to adhere to
potentially different functions. One of those possibilities was for the "warehouse" model. To start off
we just derived our original function in order to find the maximum x value, and its corresponding y
coordinate to ultimately find the volume of the warehouse at that given height of the model. The
derivative function of the semicircle for any height (greater than or equal to 36, less than or equal to
54) is shown below:
We used this equation to generate different heights that would maximize the area of the cuboid. We
were able to isolate just the area of the cuboid because that one face is simply projected backwards
150m, so we mathematically we were able to ignore that constant in the volume equation shown
above. With the help of Excel spreadsheets, we calculated the

I Was An Eiffel Tower
I observed Daphne, a preschooler, and her brother Damien, a toddler, at their home around 1 pm.
They are siblings. The observation lasted 30 minutes. I sat down on the couch and observed them at
playing wooden blocks. Once when I arrived at my friend's house, my friend placed a big black
container box at their playroom that contains of different shapes and sizes of wooden blocks. As
their mom was putting at the center, Daphne and Damien were excited to go at the center to play
these wooden blocks. Their floor is made of carpet. Daphne started to place a big rectangular
wooden block vertically at her first base and got a bridge shape wooden block and placed it on top
of the rectangle block. Then, she grabbed a short square wooden block ... Show more content on
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Daphne accepted it and added it to her tower. She put a big cylinder on top of it holding her tower to
make it still. Her tower was moving and it fell down again. She gave sad expression to her face and
looked to her mom. Her mom said, "keep trying, it is ok." Then, she tried another set with different
designs for her tower. Then, after a few minutes she made it and said " I did it." While Damien was
walking around her piece, Daphne said, " be careful." Damien went to the container and found a
dish. Daphne said to her mom, "Look Mama," while pointing to a dish. Then, her mom said, "he
found a dish." Damien kept looking around and found an animal fence. Damien added some wooden
blocks to Daphne's tower. The wooden block stayed still and Daphne said, "Thanks." Damien added
again some wooden blocks carefully and Daphne was assisting him to put it in her tower. Daphne
said to her mom, "Look we made a big tower." Damien kept adding to their work. The tower did not
fall down as he placed the last triangular wooden block. Then, Daphne got a ball to their couch and
throw it to the tower they made. She said, "hoop" and then, they both laughed. Then, they said
together, "again." Their mom said, "let's have a contest on who has a big tower will win." Then, they
were both eager to start their own tower by their own selves. At first attempt, their tower both fell
down because of their fast paced and putting different shapes and sizes at their own tower. Daphne
started doing her

Math Certification Assignment . Overview. You Will Submit
Math Certification Assignment Overview You will submit a three week math unit plan and
supporting assessments. Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to give you practice setting short
term instructional goals using the principle of Backward Design, in order to sequence daily learning
experiences that support students understanding of key mathematical concepts. Related NAEYC
Professional Preparation Standards NAEYC Standard 5. Using Content Knowledge to Build
Meaningful Curriculum Students prepared in early childhood degree programs use their knowledge
of academic disciplines to design, implement, and evaluate experiences that promote positive
development and learning for each and every young child. Students understand the ... Show more
How do the concepts explored in this unit build upon skills previously learned? In what ways will
this unit have opportunities for student engagement that focus on student interest, characteristics
and/or culture? The content in this unit will set up young scholars to navigate and describe the world
around them. Shapes are everywhere! Shapes can be used to communicate important information
throughout their lives. Geometry can also lay the groundwork for future math such as solving for the
missing angle. The concepts in this unit connect to the end of the year math goals for students as
they, too, are based upon the common core standards. By the time students enter first grade, they
should be able to identify and describe shapes as well as analyze, compare, create, and compose
shapes. The concepts explored in this unit do not rely heavily on prior knowledge. Though students
should have had some exposure (formally or informally) to shapes, they likely have not been taught
to this extent. They will, however, need to utilize their counting and categorizing skills. This unit
will have ample opportunities for student engagement. Children at this age both need and enjoy
movement. Throughout this Geometry unit, kindergartners will be given the chance to use their
bodies and voices to enhance their learning. Lessons will start with catchy, hip songs about shapes.
There are also movements to go along with

Operation Desert Storm Case Study
Near the end of the gulf war in 1991, Saddam Hussein was fighting a losing battle. Operation Desert
Storm, a joint effort to liberate Kuwait, was in it's final stretches. While retreating out of Kuwait, the
Iraqi troops set around 700 oil wells on fire as well as damaging another 100 that were left flowing
oil. Saddam targeted Kuwait's petroleum because he felt that Iraq bordered all of Kuwait and
therefore was entitled to its oil and could easily take control of it. Kuwait's petroleum industry also
makes up 95% of Kuwait's export earnings which targets their biggest industry by far and weakened
the country. Fires started in February and burned until November while estimates state about 5
million barrels of oil was spilled daily. The Republican

Fshore Oil Drilling Job
Employees communicate with each other for effectively carrying out corporate responsibilities. As
Robbins and Judge (2014) explains employee shares and conveys ideas and information through
communication using four of its major functions such as "control, motivation, emotional expression
and information" (p. 299). The offshore oil–drilling job is complex and needs engineering expertise.
BP had undertaken deep–water oil drilling at the Macondo well using the Transocean offshore oil
rig. It is expected that BP and its partner, Halliburton, Transocean needed detailed collaborative
communication plan across between all the parties. Let us examine some of the critical
communication before the disaster. BP engineer communicating that, the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
36). Halliburton also presented to BP that seven centralizer is very likely to create "severe gas flow
problem" (p. 36). Subsequent days there was a pressure test conducted by oil rig owners and tool
pusher Wyman Wheeler, who did not believe explanations received. Another negative test
performed and during the new negative test, the pressure came down on a different pipe and not for
the drill pipe and the crew moved on with the rest of the process. According to BP, tool pusher Jason
Anderson justifies the anomalous reading as the "bladder effect and had been seen this before" (p.6).
The negative test expectation is not necessarily the same since there is no pressure from the drill
pipe. The drilling crew prepared for the cement plug top of the oil well by reopening the blowout
preventer and "pumping seawater down the drill pipe to displace the mud and spacer from the riser"
according to the United States (2011), Deep water, (p.7) and the crew began discharging the spacer.
At 9.20 pm on the fatal day before the explosion, Anderson responded to another colleague, the
negative test "went well". Just after Anderson is discussing with BP representatives who praised the
job, the explosion started with throwing mud. There will be check and balances on all levels for any
well–designed process, but it is clear the communication did not happen at all levels. At the initial
explosion, there was chaos, and no one knows the accurate count and evaluates

Small Organism Worksheet Essay
Name:
Worksheet to investigate the influence of organismal size and shape on the ratio of surface area to
volume.
Complete the following exercises.
Part 1 Let's investigate how size influences surface are to volume ratios. Let's assume we have a
cube with a volume of 1cm3. Each side of the block equals 1cm. Picture a die for each cube.
1. How many sides does a cube have?
2. Let's use 1 block to represent a small cubed organism and 8 blocks to construct a large cubed
organism. Complete the following table. Total Volume Total surface area Surface area:volume ratio
(= # of blocks) (# of surfaces exposed)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Small Organism
_______________________________________________________________________________
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When comparing two organisms of similar shape, which size organism (large or small) will retain
more heat in a cold environment? Hint: Where is heat typically lost?
Part 2 let's investigate how organismal shape can influence the ratio of surface area to volume.
Use 8 blocks to construct a large rectangular organism and compare it to the cubed organism from
the first exercise. Total Volume Total surface area Surface area:volume ratio (= # of blocks) (# of
surfaces exposed)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Large cubed
_______________________________________________________________________________
Large rectangular
_______________________________________________________________________________
Use this date to answer the following questions
1. I find that there are only _________ units of surface area in the cubed organism and _________
Units of surface are in the rectangular organism. Therefore, rectangular organisms have a (larger or
smaller) surface area : volume ratio than cubed organisms.

2. Which shape organism (rectangular or cubed) would be able to diffuse gases more rapidly
through the surface of its body.
3. Which shape organism (rectangular or cubed) would retain more heat in a cold

Edgar Allen Poe's The Pit And The Pendulum
The unit question asks whether or not the hero of Edgar Allen Poe's "The Pit and the Pendulum"
would realistically be able to escape the descending blade swinging on a pendulum. The question is
a matter of time, is it feasible for the protagonist to escape the pendulum with the allotted amount of
time. Based on standard deviation and testing a pendulum of the same scale as the one mentioned in
the story, the answer is no. The protagonist mentions that he believed 10–12 periods of the
pendulum would result in the blade coming in contact with his torso. Using the formula developed
in class for the period of a pendulum, it would take the 30 foot pendulum described in the story
about 72 seconds to complete 12 periods. Testing the actual 30 foot yielded similar results within 1–
2 seconds of 72 seconds. Therefore, it is fair to say that the hero is working with 72 seconds to free
himself. This does not seem like enough time to develop an escape strategy, act on the strategy, and
leave without getting hit bit the pendulum. The method the hero describes involves thinking about
the situation and then employing the help of nearby rats. He also mentions, "Yet one minute, and I
felt that the struggle would be over," as if to imply he had 1 minute to spare. Since he was reflecting
and then enticing the rats to gnaw through the rope it is not likely that it took only 12 seconds to
escape. 72 seconds does not seem like enough time for the hero to complete his escape. However,
the thickness of the rope and speed of the rats are factors that could affect the outcome.
Standard deviation is a way of visualizing how spread out points of data are in a set. Using standard
deviation helps to determine how rare or common an occurrence is. For example, data points falling
within the boundaries of one standard deviation typically account for about 68% of data and those
between (+/–)1 standard deviation and (+/–)2 standard deviations make about 27% combined. This
can be better visualized by using a bell graph. Using the mean and standard deviation, the points
where standard deviations occur can be drawn on the graph to better understand which data is rare
and which is common.
Standard deviation was used to help solve the unit

The Kolb Experiential Learning Theory (1984) Drives A Large
The Kolb Experiential Learning theory (1984) drives a large component of my instructional plans.
According to Kolb (1984), a person learns through experience and discovery. This theory is built
around a learning cycle that involves 4 principles: 1) concrete experience, 2) reflective experience,
3) abstract conceptualization, and 4) active experimentation. Educators initially provide learners
with opportunities to use concrete resources in learning about new concepts. Students then review
their learning and reflect on the experience. This is followed by the opportunity to form abstract
ideas using the new concepts and finally testing the concepts in new circumstances and situations.
The following is an example of my application of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In support of the Kolb learning cycle, I employ the principles of Mayer's Multimedia Cognitive
Theory (2014) and provide my students with a wide variety of resources that support the fourth
grade curriculum. According to Mayer (2015), students learn better with multimedia messages
designed to reflect the workings of the human mind. The theory is based on 3 principles: 1) we
receive messages best when they are delivered through two channels (audio/visual), 2) each of these
channels has a limited capacity for delivery, and 3) learning is a process that takes place through
filtering, organization, integration of knowledge based on prior knowledge.
Our school has a subscription to IXL, an online math program that provides extensive opportunities
for practice through effective and engaging audio–visual activities. Each student has an individual
account. The program follows Nova Scotia math outcomes and is divided by grade level and math
strand. I assign specific activities within the corresponding math strand. I am able to track student
achievement levels in successfully demonstrating understanding of determining area through this
program. IXL is an effective tool that provides the practice needed to enable students to move the
new math concept of determining area from reception through processing to long term memory.
I also use the constructivism model as an extension to determining the area of a rectangular surface.
Through constructivism, students construct their

A Zombie Apocalypse
In the event of a zombie apocalypse everything in this world would change. Society will not be the
same, the norms society once had will be different. Governments would like to establish social
control but the environment would be too chaotic to control. A survival mode would be establish by
everybody, everybody would be by themselves, and only protect their own. Resources would be the
new currency, because paper money would no longer have value, but a resources will.
Governments would like to establish social order, but the people would not trust the government
anymore. Deviance will not have meaning; everything will be acceptable in order to survive in the
zombie apocalypse. Stealing, murdering, assassinating, fighting, and total disaster is expected from
this environment. If an individual needs food for its family and goes to the supermarket, and he is
denied the food, that individual will be fighting to get food for its family. Law enforcement would
be trying to enforce the law but they too will be in trouble. An individual needing something in
order to survive would kill anybody, including a law enforcement officer. Police would realize that
their life is in danger and stop serving the government, if this happens who would enforce order?
This would be the start of a chaotic environment. The wealthy would try to buy resources or
services but their paper backed money will no longer be accepted why? Because there would be no
government establishing order or a system,

The Discovery Of The New World
Ship Improvements
What were the events and improvements in ship design that lead to the discovery of the New World
and enabled the subsequent expansion in global trade? In this paper I will examine the changes and
improvements in European ship design that allowed for the first transatlantic voyage to the New
World. Though the Europeans were not the first to develop the concept of the ship, they were the
first to take this concept and use it to cross the Atlantic. Even before Columbus sailed across the
Atlantic to the New World, Europe had a long maritime history. Before the 15th and 16th century
European ship design had been relatively slow to advance from its initial stages. But during the 15th
and 16th century European ship design accelerated at break neck speeds to advance to the point of
enabling the Age of Exploration. Dr. Edwards states, "The major difference in father oceanic sailing
was the length of the voyages between landfalls. Longer voyages meant larger crews to man
watches through twenty–four hours, the need to carry larger stores of food, wood and water, and the
need for more spare equipment such as anchors and cables, sails, line for rigging, lumber, metal
work and gear for all kinds of repairs at sea or on distant shores where such things are unavailable"
(Edwards. 443). To accomplish this feat many improvements were required on earlier ship designs
that were used in maritime activities along the coast of Europe and in the Mediterranean. Though

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
The Context
Before the occurrence of the Deepwater Horizon event, BP had already been labelled as having a
horrible safety record. A 2009 report by the United States Department of Labour Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (Todd & Petterson , 2009), indicated that BP had 270 existing
fines of a 'failure to abate' and 439 'wilful violations' of various safety protocols.
At the time of the disaster the regulators of the oil industry in the United States was the Material
Management Service. This department was known for their 'misconduct, unethical conduct, and
unlawful activities' (Hogue, 2010).
This Case Study aims to look at the Deepwater Horizon oil spill from the view of how BP and the
US government ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Catastrophe
In February 2010, the Deepwater Horizon began the task of drilling a well in Macondo Prospect of
the Gulf of Mexico (Group, 2011). Once this was completed, the task of cementing the hole in order
seal the well bore from the reservoir sand (BP, 2010). At 8:00 PM on April 20, 2010, while
preparing to temporary abandon the well, the BP Accident Investigation report (BP, 2010) states that
there was a negative pressure inside the well causing it to flow. While this occurs, BP (BP, 2010)
states, the lighter seawater that replaced the mud inside the column should have decreased the
pressure. By 9:40 PM, mud had overflowed onto the floor of the Deepwater Horizon and then
through the Derrick (BP, 2010). Following this, the blowout preventer was activated to stop the
flow, however this had not worked. Gas had then leaked out, which resulted in an explosion, causing
significant damage to the oil platform. BP (BP, 2010) also believed that the damaged Blowout
preventer continued to fuel the fire with gas after the initial explosion.
As a result of this, the explosion had resulted in the deaths of eleven personnel and the dispersal of
nearly five million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico (Pallardy, 2014).
There was also an immediate response by the United States congress in the legislation governing oil
and gas operations. According to a Congressional Research Service report (Hagerty & Jonathan ,
2014), the 111th Congress had held over '60 hearings'

Bp Oil Spill Research Paper
"This is probably the largest environmental disaster we have ever faced in this country. It is
certainly the biggest oil spill and we are responding with the biggest environmental response."
stated Carol Browner, Barack Obama's advisor on energy and climate.The offshore drilling industry
has made tremendous technological strides since first freestanding structure,. for drilling was built
in 1937 in the Gulf of Mexico in 14 feet of water, and more than a mile offshore. Therefore, ten
years later, the first well from which oil is being produced located out of sight of land was drilled
from a fixed platform off the Louisiana coast. On April 20, 2010, the deepwater horizon offshore
drilling rig exploded in the gulf of Mexico. Due to the B.P Oil Spill, people who depend on oil for
energy and gas had a struggle. Why the B.P Oil spill happened, what happened during the spill, and
the aftermath/effects of the spill are very noticeable ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, in 2010, Transocean created an oil rig off the coast of Louisiana. 7 productive years later, the
rig exploded, almost in sync with the B.P team getting an award for no explosions in 7 years. The
team also skipped the pressure test, which was supposed to be the week before the explosion, on
April 13. Many scientists believe they skipped it because it was estimated 9–12 hours, with a very
expensive cost. As a result of these other projects, the employees were focusing less on the rig,
which soon exploded at 9:56 pm, April 20.
Many scientists blame the world renowned oil company, Switzerland based Transocean Ltd.
Transocean did end up paying a costly amount of 18.7 million dollars, and 75 million for damages.
Although Transocean payed money to restore the rig, they could not pay back for all of the indirect
damages towards fisheries and wildlife. Lucky for Transocean, the government dedicated a trust
fund with one tenth of 1% of the price

A New Client For A Cereal Making Company
A new client for a cereal making company has asked us to help promote their cereal as "healthy".
This new cereal is called *name here*, and it is our job to determine the correlation between
calories and potassium in order to make the new cereal "healthier" by lowering the calories but
increasing potassium. We have researched the interrelationship between calories and potassium and
this paper is a product of our analysis. We have compared data between the top fifteen cereals and
have found that calories and potassium have a negative correlation. However this is only a
coincidence as it is other factors, such as sugar, fiber, protein, and fat that correlate most directly to
calories, while certain ingredients have more potassium than others. Calories and potassium are both
essential parts of the diet that the human body needs in order to survive. A calorie is a unit of energy
that measures how much energy the body gets just by eating or drinking it. It is generally thought
that the higher the calories, the worse it is for the body. It is thought that way because the extra
calories that the body doesn't use is converted to fat, and too much fat is linked to health problems
such as arthritis (joint degeneration), heart disease and diabetes. Potassium is an electrolyte
(meaning it conducts electricity in the body), it is essential for the proper function of cells, tissues
and organs. It is crucial for heart function and the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscles. Too
much

Aluminum Foils
Before building the design that is best fit for the presentation, there was many models that had
"failed". To start off with, the first design to successfully float with 50 pennies for 20 seconds was
Tyler's design that was built with two pop cans and two sheets of aluminum paper (one is used to
wrap the cans while the other is used to make a "cup" to hold the pennies). However, when the
group weighed this in class, it was around 31 grams, which is 4.5 grams overweight (the
requirement is 26.5 grams). Seeing this, the group cut the top of both cans off, this decreased the
weight and allowed the boat to meet standards. Sadly, since the opening was big, small amounts of
water leaked in while tested, this made the group reconsider using this design in the final
presentation. Following Tyler's design, Jalen created a design that had one pop can and aluminum
foil wrapped around it, however, when Jalen tested this at home, it did not work. During this time,
Claire made a design to Tyler's. Instead of using aluminum foil to wrap around the two cans, Claire
poked two holes through both cans and used a metal strip (a strip of aluminum cut from a pop can)
and connected the two cans. Knowing that it will be overweight, Claire cut both tops off. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Starting off with Tyler's design, the surface area of this boat is bigger, this allows the pressure from
the pennies to spread out. Claire's design is similar to Tyler's, its advantage over the previous design
is that it is lighter, however, it is also unbalanced making the boat float in an awkward angle. Lastly,
there is the group design, which has the advantage of disabling the water to cover its insides but a
disadvantage of a higher number in the depth of the displaced area. To prove this, the group should
test all three boats out during the presentation, this would help communicate the designs on each

Diffusion Investigation
Data Analysis:
With this experiment, the affect of surface area to volume ratio on the rate of diffusion is
investigated. Four agars containing phenolphthalein, an indicator that turns colorless in acid, each
ranging in size were used. In this experiment, the agar cubes represent cells and the time it took for
cubes to turn colorless shows the rate of diffusion. Next, the cubes were placed in a beaker and just
enough hydrochloric acid was added to cover them. Then, the time it took them to turn colorless was
measured. It was observed that when volume increases, so does the surface area, but more so. For
example, the volume of the smallest cube was 0.125cm3 while it's surface are was 1.5 cm2. The
difference of volumes between the smallest and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most importantly, it's very hard to give exact measurements for the agar cubes. Therefore, each
group could have had varying sizes of cubes or the size could have differed from the one we said it
was. For example, the cube with the dimension of 1cm could have been more or less than that. To
improve the accuracy, we can use an electronic balance to make sure that the cubes with the same
dimensions have the same mass to ensure that their sizes are equal. Moreover, we didn't measure the
amount of hydrochloric acid we put into the beakers within the groups as the only instruction we got
was to pour it in until the cubes are covered. Having varied amounts of hydrochloric acid became a
source of error in the experiment. Next time, we should put the same amount of hydrochloric acid
into the beakers. We can do this by using a measuring cylinder. Furthermore, not taking into account
the possibility of an outlier became a source of error in the experiment. Not taking out the outlier
from the data or repeating it for that specific one will wrongly influence the average, which in turn
will influence the standard deviation. This could lead us to think that the experiment was more or
less reliable than it actually was. For example, for the cubes with 1cm dimension, one of the values
was 209 seconds while the others were 596,790, 720,750 and 841 seconds. This suggests that an
error has been made in that

Essay on Offshore Drilling
Offshore Drilling
What is it?
Drilling for oil in the ocean is one of the greatest technological breakthroughs in recent decades, and
many new techniques have been developed to profit from the abundance of oil underneath the ocean
floor. While drilling for oil has been around for hundreds of years in one form or the another, the
effective extraction of petroleum from beneath the sea floor did not surface until the last forty years.
The search for oil often turns out to be unproductive, but this practice is vital for the economic
future of many nations.
In order for any drilling to take place, an offshore drilling rig must first be installed. These offshore
platforms can be situated in water up to a several hundred meters in depth. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These production platforms come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and types, which are dependent on
the dimensions of the field, the depth of the water and how far the oil and/or gas field is from shore.
The platforms are generally made of steel and fixed to the seabed with steel "posts." These
platforms harbor all of the processing equipment for the well and can house a maximum of 80
workers. In addition, platforms have concrete structures large enough to store oil, with gravity
keeping them situated on the seabed
Explanation of Drilling
Drilling begins once the drill bit is lowered to the ocean floor. This first step is referred to as
"spudding."
There are two types of drill bits: (1) "a roller cone or rock bit which usually has three cones armed
with steel or tungsten carbide teeth or buttons; or (2) a diamond bit, imbedded with small industrial
diamonds. The drill bit is attached to drill pipe and rotated by a turntable on the platform floor. As
the hole deepens, extra lengths of drill pipe are attached." (Offshore Drilling)
The diameter of the drill bit varies from a diameter of 36 inches, which is used when the hole in the
ocean floor is first started, to a diameter of 8.5 inches. The total length of a drill pipe is 30 feet. The
time it takes for the drill to reach the oil and gas trap could be weeks.

In order to move the drill cuttings

The Oil Spill Of The Gulf Of Mexico
Introduction
British Petroleum (BP) is a multinational oil and gas company. Based on market cap, it was the fifth
largest energy company in 2013. ("IHS Energy 50"). Like many petroleum based companies, BP is
often under fire from environmental activists for not being environmentally cautious, but during the
year of 2010, BP experienced a disaster that would cripple it's reputation far past that of the average
petroleum energy company.
Deepwater Horizon was an ultra–deepwater offshore oil drilling rig licensed by BP. It was drilling
the deepest oil well in US history, in the Gulf of Mexico. On April 20th, 2010, there was an
explosion on the oil rig that caused it to burn and sink. This resulted in the deaths of 11 workers, the
injury of 16 others, and a massive oil spill. With a volume of 4.9 million barrels pumped into the
gulf ("On Scene Coordinator Report Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill"), and a total covered area of 68
thousand square miles ("BP / Gulf Oil Spill"), it is considered the largest environmental disaster in
US history. (Zeller).
The effect of the spill was massive environmental damage, and large economic losses for businesses
in the area. The tourism and fishing industries were hit especially hard. Naturally, the reaction from
the public was extremely negative. Petitions arose, and Facebook pages were created, that urged
people to boycott the company. There were also many protests at BP gas stations. The band Korn
even vowed to never use BP products in their

Offshore Oil Drilling
Doesn't everyone love swimming in the ocean and seeing all the pretty sea life? Some people do,
and when people are offshore drilling they can cause a lot of problems if something goes wrong.
The biggest concern by environmentalist is not a spill, but the pollution of the air and water, damage
to the ocean bottom and debris that washes ashore from day–to–day operations of oil and gas rigs.
Oil Drilling can lead to jobs being endangered, animals dying, and damaging the eco system. So
many animals are dying because of the oil in the water. Proofread to– Government wildlife experts
have found just in Alaska that the BP oil spill has threatened more than 400 species including
34,000 birds, 656 sea turtles and 12 dolphins, and this count was ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Exposure to petroleum causes tissue damage in the eyes, mouth, skin and lungs of marine mammals.
Because they are at the top of the food chain, many marine mammals will be exposed to the dangers
of bioaccumulation of organic pollutants and metals. Expansion of offshore drilling activities would
further threaten imperiled species like the manatee. Sea Turtles often nest on beaches. Collisions and
noise disruptions are all potential threats to sea turtles. Hatchlings are also particularly susceptible to
oiling because they spend much of their time near the water surface, where spilled oil or tar
accumulates. (Boesch, DF and N.N. Rabalais (eds.) 2010.) Do to the oil spill U.S. wildlife experts
are preparing to collect tens of thousands of endangered sea turtle eggs and move them hundreds of
miles away in an unprecedented bid to protect them from the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
Offshore oil drilling causes many changes to our climate change. It thickens the ocean and that
makes it even harder for sea life animals to live in, and also for people to swim in. Also, when there
is an oil spill fishermen cannot sail through it because of the possibility of the crude oil catching
fire. The U.S. needs to look for ways to decrease petroleum consumption, not for ways to increase
it. Offshore oil production involves environmental risks, most notably oil spills from oil tankers or
pipelines transporting oil from the platform to onshore facilities, and from leaks

Full Sail Degree Program Analysis
Originally, in 1979, Full Sail operated as an audio recording workshop in Dayton, Ohio. During this
time, Full Sail's goal was to offer individuals the opportunity to experience working in the industry
by giving them access to learning in a professional studio environment. By 1989 Full Sail
University moved to Winter Park, Florida and now offers 78 degree programs focused on
entertainment, media, arts, business, and technology. The different programs at Full Sail are offered
an associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees that students from all over can access by enrolling as
an online student or attending Full Sail's brick and mortar campus. Audiovisual Communications;
Film, Video & Photographic Arts; Graphic Communications; Design & Applied Arts; and Arts &
Media Management are the most popular majors among the 78 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As Full Sail matures, Full Sail continues creating and releasing more degrees that students can take
to further their knowledge and understating of each field that the Full Sail degree covers. In 2012,
Full Sail announced three new online degree programs that student would soon be able to take.
Among the three degree programs was the Media Communication program created for individuals
"who enjoy exploring and communicating on a wide variety of online media sites with a desire to
strengthen their exploration and understanding of strategies that make media messages effective."
The Media Communications Bachelor of Science, MCBS, is a new degree program offered at Full
Sail University. The MCBS prepares students to discover and develop the necessary skills to
succeed in the world of media and communications by enrolling students in courses that are
centered around project–based curriculum. Due to MCBS being a 29–month online degree program,
or 20–month on–campus degree program, professionals of the media and communication field are in
charge of the courses designed for these budding professionals to take. The opportunity for MCBS
students

The Physical And Emotional Development
outdoor play area is also paramount to augment the indoor area. The physical and emotional
development is no less important as cognitive development. Children enjoy playing outside;
therefore, confining a child to a hospital bed for the duration of his or her recovery would stifle the
recovery progress and make a traumatic experience an emotional nightmare. A child that is
surrounded by medical equipment in his or her hospital room may develop anxiety and fear that can
slow recovery (Arkansas Children's Hospital, 2016). It must be conveyed to the stakeholders that a
natural play area may improve the recovery time of a child suffering from injuries. Children
involved in serious injuries may have a sibling that visits him or her in the hospital. The hospital
may be just as frightening for the sibling as it is for the injured child. A hospital that has a common
outdoor play area could alleviate the emotional stress for the siblings visiting loved ones in the
hospital. In fact, stress can be a definitive barrier to wellness and recuperating (Feldman, 2016). A
hospital that has an outdoor play area could use this area for young siblings to meet, instead of in a
room full of medical equipment. An outside play area for a hospital would have to be planned
meticulously for safety concerns. It should not be open to the general public and should only be
accessed through the hospital. The play area, weather covered or not, would be sensitive to bad
weather and daylight hours;

The Drilling For Offshore Drilling
IS MAKING OIL DEALS WORTH THE SPILLS It seems today that everything comes with a
promise or a benefit. Often as humans we have to make the choice whether we want to be more
self–reliance or have a safer environment. That brings us to the subject of offshore drilling in
regards to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Offshore drilling is the process of drilling for oil
offshore in places such oceans or sea beds through an oil rig. Sound like something non–complex.
Many would assume that offshore drilling could not have very much effect in regards to onshore.
The most politically correct way for a person to decide where they stand on this issues is to research
both sides of it. If a person only looks at one side of the spectrum when it ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Not even covering the danger of accidents the process in which oil is drilled is dangers in itself to
the environment. During the process of drilling offshore, "each drill well generates tens of thousands
of gallons of waste drilling muds (materials used to lubricate drill bits and maintain pressure) and
cuttings. Drilling muds contain toxic metals such as mercury, lead, and cadmium that may
bioaccumulate and biomagnify in marine organisms, including in our seafood supply."(Natural
Resources Defense Council 2009) Having yet to cover the worst part of offshore oil drilling we have
already come across toxic metals that are released in the water during the drilling process. These
toxic metals that are released in the water are not only harmful to water creatures and wildlife but
extremely harmful to humans. Take the toxic metal lead, for example, lead in itself is very
detrimental to the health of adults. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the
intake of lead can lead to, " cardiovascular effects, increased blood pressure, the incidence of
hypertension, decreased kidney function, and reproductive problems (in both men and women).
Even low levels of lead in the blood of children can result in; behavior and learning problems, lower
IQ, hyperactivity, slowed growth, hearing problems, and anemia. "( United States Environmental
Protection Agency 2015) If you as an adult does not care enough

Voyages Of Columbus : The Voyage Of Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus had three ships on his first voyage, the Niña, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria.
Columbus sailed from Palos de la Frontera on 3 August, 1492. His flagship, the Santa Maria had 52
men aboard while his other two ships, the Nina and Pinta were each crewed by 18 men.
The Santa Maria was a nao, was a bit of a tub, and was not able to go near the coastline. But was
able to carry a lot of cargo, and it was able to stand up well in bad weather. The Niña, the Pinta were
caravels, with a shallower draft than a nao, did not have much cargo space, but were able to explore
shallow bays and the mouths of rivers. A carvel was square–rigged on its foremasts and mainmasts,
but used a lateen sail on the mizzen to help in tacking. A caravel had about twenty crew members,
who slept on the deck and would go below only if the weather was bad.
The crew were gathered by Martín Alonso Pinzón (captain of the Pinta). They were experienced
sea–men, and four of them had taken an offer from the Spanish throne for amnesty from prison if
they took the voyage. Many of these sailors were from the nearby towns of Lepe and Moguer.
Over several days, ships of Columbus's day would average a little less than 4 knots. Top speed for
the vessels was about 8 knots, and minimum speed was zero. These speeds were quite typical for
vessels of the period. So overall, 90 or 100 miles in a day would be typical, and 200 phenomenal. Of
the three ships on the first voyage, the Santa Maria was the slowest,

Case Study: Fly To Barnstable Municipal Airport Hya
Fly to Barnstable Municipal Airport HYA Beaches, quaint harbors, picturesque scenery, relaxing
boat rides, renowned seafood, museums and shopping are all at your fingertips when you fly to
Barnstable Municipal Airport (HYA). Suitably located in the center of Cape Cod, Massachusetts,
Barnstable Municipal Airport is in Hyannis, in the town of Barnstable. Hyannis is one of seven
villages in Barnstable and boasts miles of beaches, shopping, recreation, hotels, culture and a
harbor. There is plenty to explore right in Hyannis, or choose to take advantage of its central
location and easily access upper or lower Cape Cod or one of the nearby islands of Nantucket or
Martha's Vineyard. Attractions Hyannis is home to the JFK Hyannis Museum, Cape

Creation Myth And Orion Essay
My favorite constellation would have to be Orion. I chose this because I've always thought it would
be cool to be shooting down starry prey while soaring among the stars. Orion is a hunter. He is
forever in the stars hunting down meals and criminals. To me, Orion seemed like a tough guy. He's
by himself in the stars, waiting for someone or something to come his way and end his seemingly
endless lonely universe. That's why I chose Orion and a little information on this great hunter. Now
the creation myth. This is the version I heard. Orion was the first male in Artemis's sisterhood. He
helped them hunt both prey and enemies, as a friend. As you might know, Artemis had sworn off
marriage and any other affairs with men. Yet, despite ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Orion was one of the males trying to court Artemis. He was a hunter, so that was in his favor. She
accepted him, but only as a friend. She warned him that if he tried to marry her, than she would fight
him until he was out of sight. He agreed, but couldn't help liking her. After all, who wouldn't like
her? Artemis was a feisty, strong hunter, and so was he. They were perfect for each other. Or so he
thought. A few months later, he asked for her hand in marriage, and she refused. Furious and
heartbroken, Orion challenged her to a fight. If he won, she would marry him. If she won, he would
be out of her sights and gone for good. The fight lasted for days. Each of them fought brilliantly,
suffering minimal injuries. Then, on the third day, Artemis took out Orion's eye. After that, Orion
fought poorly, misaiming and throwing himself off balance. Finally, on the seventh day, he
surrendered. He stumbled away from Artemis's camp, and came upon Hephaestus. Hephaestus
ended the hunter's pain, healing his wounds and giving him a laser eye to replace his long gone
other. In conclusion, I think no other constellation could compare with Orion and his wonderful, yet
gruesome, creation

Research Paper On Orion
Orion is my favorite constellation because it is one of the easiest to find and most recognizable. This
makes it one of the most popular constellations. Orion's belt includes the three brightest stars in the
sky. In the Northern Hemisphere, Orion is a fall and winter constellation, visible from November to
February. One of Orion's "stars" is actually a nebula, the Orion nebula. The creation myth for Orion
comes from Greek mythology. Orion was a famous hunter. There are several different myths about
Orion's birth, life, and death. The version I read as a child stated that Orion was a son of Poseidon,
and because of this, he could walk on water. He was an amazing hunter, and always made sure to
show respect to Artemis, the goddess of hunting.

After Work Sampling Was Complete, The Team Collected Data
After work sampling was complete, the team collected data to generate spaghetti diagrams. Team
members stood in different work areas watching operators perform their jobs. On a current layout
drawing, team member drew paths of where operators were traveling too. Each individual operator's
spaghetti diagram can be seen in Appendix 7. Each production area is shown below on Figure 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17. These figures do not represent frequency, they only represent path to the
destination. As shown in the figures, there is a significant amount of movement and travel beyond
an operator's specific work area. Figure 11: Fabrication Area Spaghetti Diagram Figure 12:
Alternative Fabrication Workstation Spaghetti Diagram
Figure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Table 7: Expected Travel Expenses ImageFirst Signs will anticipate a savings of $99,300 per year.
This calculation is based on labor costs, space utilization, reduction in rework, and inventory costs.
These calculations can be seen in Table 8 below. Labor cost is calculated in two fold. First by
multiplying the number of operators (17), number of weeks per year (50), average hourly cost per
employee ($16), and the average number of hours anticipated to be saved with the implementation
of the deliverables (2 per operator). Second by multiplying the number of shipping and receiving
operator (1), number of weeks per year (50), average hourly cost per employee ($16), average
number of hours anticipated to be saved with the implementation of the deliverables (5). Space
utilization was calculated by considering the average monetary impact of bringing in two new
machines. Per Dave, the facility needs to be preparing for two machines. One will be arriving in
April and the other one is anticipated to arrive late summer. Reduction in rework was calculated by
multiplying an average cost to fix a sign ($250) by the number of months in a year (12) by the
average number of defects needed to be fixed per month (5). Lastly, inventory costs were calculated
by considering the average number of extra material on hand (20) by the average cost per foot of the
material. As seen below in Figure 19, ImageFirst can anticipate an 85% ROI for this

Mexican Oil Spill Analysis
"After the Spill is gone: The Gulf of Mexico, Environmental Crime, and the Criminal Law [dagger]"
covers the deep water oil rig spill in the Gulf of Mexico that took place on April 20, 2010. The most
devastating spill to our environment, causing the death of eleven people and three months of oil
gushing into our waters harming our environment. There was an estimated 4.9 million barrels
(approximately 200 million gallons) of oil spilled. This law review relates to the reading in the
Effective Human Relations book, Twelfth Edition, by showing us corporate crime, ethics, morals
and whistle–blowing. Environmental and corporate business peaks my interests and is why I chose
this review. According to the University of Michigan's facility biographies, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The estimated damage was between twenty and fifty billion dollars to the area. The companies, BP,
Transocean and Halliburton strayed away from the industry standards in the drilling of the Macondo
well. During the drilling Transocean experienced "well control with violent kicks' of gas and oil"
Comments by workers made were "nightmare well" and "well from hell" Transocean reports the
blowout preventer had not been inspected since 2000, BP reports maintenance audits in 2009 that
the rig needed thirty–five hundred hours of work. The coast guard and Mineral Management
Services reports stated the rig had experienced numerous spills and fires due to the malfunction of
equipment, faulty operation by employees and weather during the nine years Macondo drilled for
BP. The reports listed that BP cut corners using single wall pipe, not circulating mud before
installing cement seals, only installing six of twenty spacers that Halliburton recommended. BP
failed to conduct necessary testing, warning signs were missed, alarms and safety systems on the rig
failed to operate. The Presidential commission commented on the spill "The most significant failure
at Macondo – and the clear root cause of the blowout – was failure of industry management." (Page

The Drilling Of Fshore Drilling Industry

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