The Origin Of Old-Earth Geology And Its Ramifications...

The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications...
Introduction:
Dr. Terry Mortenson in the article The Origin of Old– Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life
in the 21st Century, discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. In this review I will
give a brief overview of what the article itself is about. Along with that, I will discuss some of the
strengths and weaknesses that I have found and thought about. There are some very great points in
this article, as well as weak points. I think it is important to discuss both.
Overview:
The Origin of Old–Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century is an article by
Dr. Terry Mortenson. He discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. He mentions
three French scientists, Comte de Buffon(1708–88), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The relationship to the belief in God to the belief in creation seems to be the central focus. He
mentions the four scriptural geologists as well. "Four of the most geologically competent scriptural
geologists were George Young, George Fairholme, John Murray and William Rhind.8 Their writings
demonstrated extensive reading in the scientific (especially geological) literature of their day as well
as considerable investigations of geological formations. They were men of strong Christian faith and
respected character. Coincidentally these four were all Scottish" (Mortenson, 2003).
Weaknesses:
I believe with all of the information that Dr. Terry Mortenson gives, he could have given more
biblical quotes backing his beliefs. He speaks of the flood, but gives no information from the Bible
itself. "Catastrophists believed that the creation was 'untold ages' old and that from time to time over
those ages before man there had been several major catastrophic floods that destroyed a large
percentage of living creatures, which God replaced with new, supernaturally created species" (
Mortenson, 2003). Had he backed up his beliefs with more information from the bible, I think I
would have believed more myself. He speaks a lot on old theology studies, more towards the 1600s.
I think he could have given examples from closer to the time frame the article is actually about.
Conclusion:
All in all I think the article itself was great. Could he have done better? Yes, but so could
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Lo Essay
Louis XIV and Peter the Great
Both Louis XIV and Peter the Great were famous rulers of the late 17th– early 18th Centuries. Both
took the throne at a young age and both had many strengths and weaknesses. Louis XIV had many
strengths during his reign as ruler of France. Appointing Jean Baptiste Colbert as his minister of
finance made some of his greatest strengths and accomplishments. One strength was that of
mercantilism, which is an economic theory under which a country increases its wealth by exporting
more goods than it imports. By accomplishing this, Louis XIV made himself and France very
wealthy. More wealth was made when a balance of trade brought more gold and silver into France.
A high tax was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He always demanded opera and made it popular. He was also the principal patron of many famous
artists, and brought their work into Versailles. His palace housed many people, including 1,000
nobles and their 4,000 servants in the palace's 226 rooms. Another 5,000 servants were housed in
nearby annexes.
In addition to his strengths, Louis XIV had weaknesses. After Colbert died, Louis made one mistake
that undid all of his work. He revoked Edict of Nantes who protected the religious freedom of the
Huguenots. Instead of being imprisoned, more than 200,000 Huguenots fled from France. The
country lost many of its skilled workers and business leaders. Louis XIV also fought many costly
wars that caused his people great suffering. Many of the wars left France on the brink of bankruptcy.
Peter the Great had many strengths, but his best was he modernized Russia. By seeing Europe, he
changed many things. He changed the calendar so the New Year would be January 1. He increased
agriculture by growing new crops and increased the number of factories in Russia. He also started
the first Russian newspaper and enlarged their army to 200,000 men. He also got a warm water port
for his "window on the sea."
A big weakness for Peter the Great was he ignored and abused the people of his country. Many of
the changes were for the sake of increasing his own power. He ordered many

The Impact Of Sacajawea On The State Of Idaho
Sacajawea was born about 1790 in what is now the state of Idaho. She was one of the "Snake
People," otherwise known as the Shoshone. Her name in Hidatsa was Tsi–ki–ka–wi–as, "Bird
Woman. In Shoshone, her name means "Boat Pusher." She was stolen during a raid by a Hidatsa
Contrary to popular opinion, Sacajawea did not serve as a guide for the party. She only influenced
the direction taken by the expedition one time, after reaching the area where her people hunted she
indicated they should take a tributary of the Beaverhead River to get to the mountains where her
people lived and where Lewis and Clark hoped to buy horses.
On August 15, 1805 Sacajawea was re–united with her tribe, only to learn that all her family had
died, with the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The expedition spent the winter at Fort Mandan and Sacajawea 's baby, Jean Baptiste Charbonneau,
was born on Feb. 11 or 12, 1805. He was also given the Shoshone name, Pomp, meaning First
Born.The expedition resumed the westward trek on April 7, 1805. Their route was along the
Missouri River, west to the mountains. On May 14, 1805 an incident occurred which was typical of
the calmness and self–possession Sacajawea was to display throughout the journey. The incident
was recorded in the diaries because of it 's significance to the success of the expedition. On that day,
the boat Sacajawea was in was hit by a sudden storm squall. It keeled over on it 's side and nearly
capsized. As the other members of the crew worked desperately to right the boat, Sacajawea, with
her baby strapped to her back, busied herself with retrieving the valuable books and instruments that
floated out of the boat. They had been wrapped in waterproof packages for protection and, thanks to
Sacajawea 's courage and quick actions, suffered no damage.On August 15, 1805 Sacajawea was re–
united with her tribe, only to learn that all her family had died, with the exception of two brothers
and the son of her oldest sister, whom she adopted. One of her brothers, Cameahwait, was head
chief of the Shoshone. The Shoshone chief agreed to sell the party the horses they needed for the
trek through the mountains. He also sketched a map of the country to the west and provided a guide,
Old Toby,

King Louis Xiv Baroque Style Essay
King Louis XIV of France used the Baroque style of art in an effective attempt to represent himself
as an absolute monarch due to many stylistic choices this particular style has that would enable him
to get his power across more effectively than any other style. Most noticeable of all aspects of the
Baroque style is the amount of detail and stuff in the painting. Textures make the fabrics look like
real velvet and silk that are way more expensive than other types of cloth. Realism that the Baroque
style employs helps reinforce the power of an absolute monarch by portraying King Louis as a real
force to be reckoned with as well as a symbol of perfection due to the muscles and the stance he is
put in. The stance is more natural and curved than

King Louis Xiv Of France
L'État, c'est moi" ("I am the state"). Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth century, absolute
monarchs ruled many countries and states. In an absolutist state, power and sovereignty is embodied
within one person. Absolute kings attempted to control competing institutions and jurisdictions in
their state, and secured power with the nobility. An absolute monarchy has total political power over
its sovereign state and people. King Louis XIV of France and Tsar Peter the Great of Russia were
both absolute monarchs. These two monarchs satisfied the four characteristics of absolutism: divine
right of kings, meaning they were chosen by God; skilled bureaucracy, where decisions are made by
the state; control of the economy, absolute monarchs had control of money and trading; and lastly a
professional army, the absolutist must have a permanent standing army. King Louis XIV of France
was born on September 5, 1638, he became King at age five, in 1643, and his reign lasted until
1715. King Louis XIV satisfied the four conditions of absolutism. The divine right of kings meant
Louis received his power directly from God, loyalty to the King meant loyalty to God. The Sun
King was a name given to Louis XIV. This name associated him with the gods; the planets revolve
around the sun, as France revolves around Louis. He also had a skilled administration, which was a
large bureaucracy of departments that advised him and supported his decisions. Louis isolated the
nobles and relinquished

Evolution ; Procoptodon â†’ Red Kangaroo
Evolution; Procoptodon → Red Kangaroo
Nathalie Tyler
Introduction
Biological evolution is not simply a matter of change over time. Lots of things change over time.
Trees lose their leaves, mountain ranges rise and erode, but they aren 't examples of biological
evolution because they don 't involve descent through genetic inheritance.
Biological evolution itself is the change in characteristics of living organisms over generations.
Evolutionary theories suggest that all organisms alive today share a common ancestor. As unlikely
as it sounds, evidence has been discovered proving this theory (relations from a spider to a monkey).
A more simplistic way of thinking of evolution is "descent with modification" which is essentially
stating, over many generations, organisms change. Charles Darwin and Jean Baptiste Lamarck are
often referred to as the fore founders of evolution. Of course, many, many other scientists had
differing theories regarding evolution, but Darwin and Lamarck receive the most modern attention–
both deserving credit for their concepts. They're famous not for the propositions of evolution– that
had already been theorised. They're famous for providing a reasonable explanation for how
evolution occurs– natural selection. In which we will delve into later.
Darwin's theory of evolution was along the lines of all life being related– each descending from a
common ancestor. His theory presumes the development of life from non–life and suggests purely
naturistic

Jean Baptiste Lamarck And Charles Darwin 's Theory Of...
Trends in Evolution
Background information: Jean–Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwin both thought and had ideas on
how life on Earth got to be the way it is now. Unlike lots other people at that time (1800's), they
both thought that life had changed gradually over many years and an extended time and was still
changing, that living things change to be better suited and adapted to their environments. Lamarck is
best known for his Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics. He said that change is made
by what the organisms want or need. For example, Lamarck believed that giraffes stretched their
necks to reach food. Their descendants and later generations inherited the resulting long necks.
Lamarck also believed that evolution happens according to a prearranged plan and that the results
have already been decided. (NECSI, 2012). Darwin, on the other hand said that organisms are all
different and that those which happen to have variations that help them to survive in their
environments survive and have more offspring. The offspring are born with their parents ' helpful
traits, and as they reproduce, individuals with that trait make up more of the population. Other
individuals, that are not so well altered, die off. Darwin also believed that evolution does not happen
according to any sort of plan.
We now know that there are four basic parts by which biological evolution takes place. These
include mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection. Each of these

Brits's Victory At Yorktown
While Brits were carrying out southern campaign key vents took place in north On July 1780 French
warships appeared off Newport Rhode Island with soldiers and Comte de Rochambeau He joined up
with Washington who was north of NYC. They waited for arrival of more French ships. If they
arrived Washington planned to attack British army base in NY under command of Henry Clinton.
Instead both ships and troops would find better opportunity to strike. At Yorktown. As GW waited
outside NY, he followed reports of fighting in south. In 1781 he sent Lafayette and Anthony Wade to
Virginia to stop Cornwallis. Once in Virginia he sent many spies to nearby Brit camp. None as
important as James, a slave held by William Armistead. The secret info he gathered helped ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The British responded with a song called the World Turned Upside Down, with them surrendering to
the Americans. The victory at Yorktown was terrible blow to Brits and war effort. The fighting still
continued after, because the Brits still held Savannah, Charles Town, and New York. There would
still be a few more battles on land and sea. But the Yorktown loss convinced the Brits that the war
was too costly to pursue. The Americans and British sent delegates to Paris to work out a treaty. Ben
Franklin, John Adams, and John Ray represented the U.S. The American Congress ratified the first
draft in April 1783. The final Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3 1783, by then Britain also
made peace with France and Spain. Under Treaty of Paris Great Britain recognized US as
independent Nation. Also promised to withdraw all troops. They game Americans fishing rights to
the waters of the coast of Canada. In turn America would pay British merchants what they owed.
Also they promised to return taken property to

The Theories Of Evolution Of The Human Population
The Theories of Evolution The human population has always wondered where they came from, or
how they came to be. Why do they have certain characteristics that distinguish them from other
species, or how did they acquire these characteristics? Why do they have similar traits to other
species? There are many questions about the existence of the human population that they would love
to have the answer to. Unfortunately, there is not an answer that is a proven fact. Luckily, there are
theories that try to explain where humans and other species evolved from. The two well–known
theories of evolution are accredited to Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwin. Jean Baptiste
Lamarck developed the theory of acquired characteristics, which is often known as Lamarckism
(Stanford 17). Lamarck's theory stated that, "all organisms make adjustments to their environment
during their lifetime that could be passed on to their offspring, making those offspring better adapted
to their environment" (Stanford 17). Lamarck says that organisms adapt to their environment during
their lives and the characteristics that they acquire during their lifetime are passed off to their
offspring; The offspring are now better adapted to the environment. Charles Darwin had a different
approach in his theory of evolution. Darwin believed in his theory of evolution by natural selection.
Natural selection is the idea that "individuals with favorable variations would survive and
reproduce, but those with

Characteristics Of Jean Baptiste De Lamarck And Charles...
Many research scientists virtually agree as to the importance of an elucidation of evolutionary
mechanisms as the unification for acquisition and assumption of information concerning the origin,
history, and diversity of life on earth. Evolution is construed as an overall gradual development of
living organisms from differentiated pre–historic to current times. It represents the process whereby
modern organisms descend from ancient ancestors. Across decades of years, evidence from
innumerable sources have indicated that the concepts put forth by Jean Baptiste de Lamarck and
Charles Darwin represents the base of scientific research in the field of evolution. However, there
are circumstantial evidence which proves that Darwin's theoretical beliefs ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Lamarck's theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics has been disproved. This was done in
two major ways. The first is by experimentation using the scientific method. We have seen
numerous real life phenomenon and observed that changes that occur in an organism during life are
not passed on to the offspring. If a dog's back limbs are damaged and unusable, its offspring are still
born with all legs usable. This and other such examples show that Lamarck's theory does not explain
how life formed and became the way it is. Secondly, Lamarck's theory has been proven wrong by
the study of genetics. Darwin knew that traits are passed on, but he never understood how they are
passed on. During the time when Darwin published is first research on evolution, Gregor Mendel,
who discovered genetics, was just starting his experiments. However, now we know extensively
about genetics, and we know that the only way for traits to be passed on is through genes, and that
genes cannot be affected by the outside world. The only thing that can be affected is which gene sets
there are in a population, and this is determined by which individuals die and which ones live.
Although Darwin won acceptance for evolution, his efforts to establish the validity of natural
selection, his primary mechanism of evolution, were less

Jean Baptiste Lamarck Research Paper
Jean–Baptiste Lamarck
Jean–Baptiste Lamarck was a Frenchmen born August 1, 1744 in Bazentin, Picardy, France. He was
born as the youngest of 11 children to a noble, but not rich family. Most people of the Lamarck
family went into the military, but he was pushed to a career in the church. He went to Jesuit college
in the late 1750s. He studied for a year until his father died. When Lamarck's father died, he gave up
his career in the church and joined the French army in the fight against Prussia in the Pomeranian
war. He was injured while in the military while he was playing a game with his troops. He had
surgery to help his injury but the surgery made the injury even worse. This bad injury rendered him
unfit to serve even with his high rank ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They appeared to not have turned out very well. One of his sons was deaf and the other was
mentally ill. The family had little money and the two daughters who took care of him on his
deathbed were left with little to no wealth. He had one successful sun who made a good living as an
engineer and a family of his own.
Jean–Baptist Lamarck quite clearly contributed a lot to the study of evolution. Arguably, his biggest
publication was a book called Philosophie Zoologique. In this book Lamarckianism was introduced.
This stated, in simple terms, That as an organisms environment changed the organism responded and
changed with it to be able to survive better. Along with Lamarckianism he introduced his first and
second laws. The first law stated that as animals adapted their need for certain organs increased or
decreased then the organ would grow or shrink. His second law stated that all changes or adaptions
were heritable.
In conclusion Jean–Baptiste Lamarck was somewhat a father to modern evolution. His ideas paved
the way for people like Charles Darwin and his theory of natural selection. His ability to go beyond
the power of the church and the people who opposed him allowed him to make major strides in the
field of Biology and without him modern biology could be very

Mercantilism Dbq
Mercantilism
Economics in the seventeenth and eighteenth century were dominated by the idea of mercantilism.
Mercantilism depended on the cooperation between colony and mother country in the shipping and
production of raw materials. Domestic industry increased employment, expanded commercial
activity within the country and decreased France's dependence on foreign trade. The success of a
Mercantile system relied on the government, participating merchants, even nobility and the working
class, all had effects on the success of the French economy.
France's King Louis XIV played a hugely important role in the success of mercantilism. Louis XIV
realized the affects of a successful mercantile economy in France. The King supported the ... Show
In 1669 France only held five hundred to 600 hundred naval ships, compared to the 15,000 to
16,000 of the Dutch Fleet. (Doc.6) A Navy was very important to colonial trade during the
seventieth and eighteenth centuries. A country that used it's own ships could avoid extra fees and
tariffs from other countries involved in shipping. Colbert promoted this tactic as one of the corner
stones of the mercantile system. Unfortunately the King paid more attention to his wars than to
French international business, and failed to strengthen the navy. The Dutch, who were at the
forefront of the ship building industry, took advantage of Louis's lax policies and monopolized
French trade. (Doc 7) Even through persistent warnings from Colbert, Louis XIV refused to change
his mind and continued to overlook naval expansion. (Doc 9) The King preferred to spend his
kingdoms great wealth on his own home in Versailles or his many battles rather than on the
development of French industry. (Doc. 14) King Louis XIV of France meant well for his country but
failed to provide the internal industries necessary for it's success. The French merchant community
had contrasting opinions on the mercantile system. Although experts of industry were encouraged to
come to France by Colbert, well established merchants often traveled to Holland or England for
business. (Doc 13,15) The merchant class disliked the idea of expansion of commerce within
France;

Impressionist Artists: Jane Peterson
Jane Peterson belongs to the group of Impressionist artists. Features of Impressionist artists include
vibrant colors, genre subject matter, everyday life scenes, and thick, quick brushstrokes (2). She
developed a thriving career as a female artist in the early to mid 1900s, which was uncommon.
During this time women were seen as passive, weak, and were not allowed to do things men were
allowed to do, according to the class notes. Peterson is an American artist, born in Illinois, and
attended art school in New York then later studied in Europe. While studying in Europe the artist
that influenced her most was Joaquin Sorolla. She met Sorolla when she was studying in Madrid,
Spain. Sorolla is a Spanish Impressionist best known for landscape and genre paintings (5). During
the early 1900s Peterson traveled all over the world including: Europe, the Middle East, and Coastal
New England (6). While traveling she created paintings of scenic landscapes. Peterson's journey to
Egypt in 1910 supplied her with the subject matter for multiple paintings including Boats on the
Nile, Dawn. Key elements of the impressionistic style in Boats on the Nile, Dawn include heavy
brushstrokes and vibrant colors. This painting portrays a sunrise at dawn with "two traditional
Egyptian sailboats known as, "feluccas, gliding along the Nile (4)." Boats on the Nile, Dawn is a
landscape painting of two sailboats at sunrise on the Nile River in Egypt. It is square shaped, about
three by three

King Louis XIV And The Decline Of Ballet In Western Europe
Classical ballet has been a major part of society especially in France and Italy before it spread to
other parts of the world such as Russia and it developed from the court dances which date back to as
far back as the 16th century. This essay will discuss and focus on the way in which dance
contributed to court balls during the 16th and 17th century, the role King Louis XIV had on ballet
and his influence in the art of ballet and lastly it will discuss the decline of ballet in Western Europe
and the reason as to why this decline had taken place.
"Dancing was a favourite pastime in the Renaissance period." (Sonny Watson, 2015) There are
many who describe this period as a revival or rebirth of culture and learning in Europe from the 14th
century ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Louis chose only the best to be a part of the ballets at the time. In 1661, he established the Academie
Royal de Danse (Royal Academy of Dance) which was significant as it was the world's first ballet
school in the Western world. This academie was given to teachers who were given quarters in the
Louvre. Not only that, but it was a sign that ballet was officially being recognized. Louis XIV had a
mission for this particular company– he wanted ballet to continue for as long as possible, he wanted
ballet to improve and he also wanted it to be restored to how it used to be once it first started and
people started taking an interest in it. It was in 1680 when Beauchamp became the school's director
until 1687. In 1669, Louis XIV established Academie d'Opera which was directed by Pierre Perrin
and the first ballet master was Beauchamp. Also in 1669, King Louis XIV founded the Royale
Academie de Musique (Royal Academy of Music) better known today as the Paris Opera which is
the world's oldest running ballet company and one of the best. Lully had the opportunity to run this
company and Beauchamp became a principle choreographer. Louis XIV stopped dancing in 1670, at
the age of 31, however he still loved ballet. However, once he retired, more talented and
professional dancers were able to take lead roles in

Comparing Johann Liss And Shepherd And Camille Corot's...
Johann Liss's Nymph and Shepherd and Camille Corot's Diana and Actaeon (Diana Surprised in Her
Bath) evoke themes of female exposure under male surveillance. Both artists interject two male
figures in the background of their paintings, one, the shepherd and Actaeon, is named and the other
is unknown. Liss personifies danger and protection through his two men while Corot uses them as a
narrative device to illustrate several moments in one space. Liss is particularly heedful of the sinister
nature he crafts through the vulnerable, exposed, and unsupported nature of the nymph. Corot, on
the other hand, creates a scene where the female subjects have a strong leader in Diana and are
connected to and supported by their environment. Both artists achieve these differing interpretations
by diverging in their use of space, color, and relationships between figures and landscape. Liss and
Corot achieve very distinct goals through the two male figures placed in their works, but they both
primarily place the men spatially behind the women in positions of surveillance. Liss places the
shepherd behind and overlooking the nymph; he is identified as a shepherd because of the crook in
his right hand. His profession is significant because it alters how the viewer perceives him. Without
this knowledge, he would look threatening because of the dark value of the color of his body and the
positioning of his crook above the nymph, perhaps in an attempt to harm her. Despite this, the
layperson knows

The Evolution Of The Geological And Biological Science
Prior to Darwin's time, little thought had been paid to the notion of a species changing over time–
even though it was happening on a scale visible in a human lifetime, up until shortly before
Darwin's time, the climate surrounding the geological and biological sciences was not conducive to
the notion of biological change over time. Prior to the systems of evolution put forth by scientists
such as Lamarck, Wallace, and Darwin, the salient belief concerning species was that they were
"fixed"– there was a limited number of species which remained constant over time, unchanged since
their instantaneous creation. Some proponents for the fixity of species argued for vitalism, that an
organism possesses a non–physical inner force or energy that ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This would allow for minimal change in species over time, as their environment would be
fundamentally altered and not survivable with each cataclysmic event. Catastrophism, therefore,
completely precluded any form of evolution. This stood in contrast to uniformitarianism, also
known as gradualism, which posited that the earth 's morphology has been brought about in gradual
incremental changes, and that geological processes are essentially unchanged today from the
unobservable past. Lyell, a contemporary and friend of Darwin's, was a geologist who published
books advocating for this view. Darwin would have had access to Lyell's Principles of Geology, and
almost certainly relied upon it to formulate his theories of evolution– after all uniformitarianism
provided the geological timeframe in which natural selection could operate, in that one could
extrapolate present geological changes to the distant past. Lyell 's argument for uniformitarianism
served as a natural complement and muse for Darwin 's theories in the capacity of the geological
background that could finally afford credibility to evolution. Darwin's theory of evolution was not
the first or the only theory

The Impact Of Louis XIV On France
King Louis XIV and Jean–Baptiste Colbert had an important historical impact on France's economy.
Colbert become Finance Minister to Louis XIV in 1665. In the years before Colbert, the previous
minister of finance Mazarin had France in a turmoil of financial neglect and corruption. Over his
lifetime as finance minister, Colbert brought in new measures with Louis XIV to re–establish France
as a place of expanding industry and prosperity. Louis XIV was an absolute monarch. After the
death of Mazarin, Louis XIV, expressed his desire to be the sole ruler of France and his own prime
minister. "It is now time that I govern them myself. You [secretaries and ministers of state] will
assist me with your counsels when I ask for them. I request and order you to seal no orders except
by my command, ... I order you not to sign anything, not even a passport ... without my command."–
King Louis XIV 1661 (Spielvogel, 1991, p. 523) When Louis began his absolute rule, he found that
years of warfare had ruined the people's farms and houses. The justice systems were corrupted and
irregular. Theft and murder were incredibly high all over France. Industry and trade were at a
standstill and France was virtually bankrupt (Richardson, 1973, p. 55) . Before his death Mazarin
recommended Colbert to Louis XIV. Colbert had the interests of France at heart and wanted France
to be the best economic power of Europe. (Rothbard, 1995, p. 246) Unfortunately, Nicolas Fouquet,
the new financier, stood in the

Charles Darwin's Natural Selection Theory
Darwin did not publish his theory of evolution by natural selection until 1859. He was not the first,
however, to develop a theory of evolution. As scientists developed an increasing interest in the
natural world, it became evident to many influential thinkers of the late eighteenth century, such as
the Comte de Buffon and Jean–Baptiste Lamarck that species changed gradually over time. While
these prior scientists had ideas on evolution, their theories were often misguided and failed to
threaten the status quo of society to any significant degree. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural
selection, however, created a greater controversy. Not only did Darwin provide a functioning
method of change backed up by copious amounts of scientific support, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What set Darwin apart from his predecessors, however, was his theory of natural selection. Natural
selection is differential survival and reproduction. Those individuals that are best suited for their
environment "will have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life" and will survive
to "produce offspring similarly characterised." Not only was his theory inspired by observations
made while he was on the HMS Beagle, Darwin was heavily influenced by Thomas Malthus and his
An Essay on the Principle of Population. Malthus states that "population, when unchecked,
increased in a geometrical ratio, and subsistence for man in an arithmetical ratio." Since resources
are limited, a struggle for existence would inevitably ensue as individuals competed over available
resources. There must be "a strong and constantly operating check on population from the difficulty
of subsistence." In a struggle for survival, those individuals most fit for their environment would
outcompete those less fit. Malthus' essay became essential for Darwin's understanding of natural
selection. Furthermore, variation in individuals, Darwin determined, was largely due to random
chance. Darwin did not believe, like Lamarck, that evolutionary change had an end goal in mind.
Evolution did not always select for the most complex organism. This idea threatened the Christian
world. If variation was random and there was no force directing evolution towards a specific goal,
there was no room for God. Natural selection was seen as a threat to religion. There was limited
room for divine intervention in Darwin's theory. Darwin himself, starting out as a firm believer in
the supernatural, grew to be an atheist by his death. However, despite protests by theologians, there
was a significant amount of empirical evidence backing up natural selection. For more than 10
years, Darwin

The History of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.
(Dobzhanski, 1973)
It was during his journey on board the Beagle that Darwin developed his theory of evolution. "On
the Origin of Species" (Darwin, 1859) proposed two main principles: evolution really occurs and
natural selection is its mechanism. This work published on 24th November 1859 traces a coherent
portrait of life bringing together in an orderly manner an astonishing variety of apparently
independent facts. It led biologists to concentrate on the diversity of organisms, their origins and
their relation, their similarities and their differences, their geographical distribution and their
adaptation to various environments.
Darwin (1859) arrived at two main ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The need for food fashions the animal model.
All which seem to have been gradually produced during many generations by the perpetual
endeavour of the creatures to supply the want of food and to have been delivered to their posterity
with constant improvement of them for the purposes required (Darwin, 1794–1796: section 39, "Of
generations").
Finally the need for safety intervenes specifically in the specific shaping of the legs which enables
animals to be more adapted to flee.
However, this large visionary misses the mechanism which would make it possible to explain these
adaptations.
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Jean Baptiste Lamarck presented his theory on the transformation of species for the first time in
1800 in his "Discours d'Ouverture de l'an VIII". He proposed:
The animals most imperfect, simply organized, those suspected in a world hardly endowed with
animality, are perhaps those by which nature began when, with a lot of time and favourable
circumstances, it has wrought all the other (Lamarck, 1801: 12).
For Lamarck, it was habits and environmental factors which influenced the evolution of the
morphology of animals. With new shapes, new abilities are gained, and over time nature arrives to
where it is now.
Charles Darwin
In 1831, Charles Darwin participated in a five year expedition on board the Beagle. Despite very
little experience, he was offered the position of naturalist. During his travels, he studied a

Charles Darwin And Jean Baptiste Lamarck, Beliefs Opinions...
Theory of evolution
"Evolution can be defined as any change in the heritable traits within a population across
generations". (what is evolution, stated clearly YouTube, 2016). Every living creature can reproduce
making another copy of themselves with small variations. The variation can consist of
characteristics Like the passing down of fur colour in mice or the development of the length in cane
toad's legs. When these changes occur to their offspring's, evolution has taken place. Whilst many
scientists believed in the theory of evolution, alters to the belief extended to a certain extent.
Throughout this essay two scientists, Charles Darwin and Jean–Baptiste Lamarck, beliefs opinions
and theories of evolution will be deconstructed.
Charles Darwin's theory
"It is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most
responsive to change" (good reads, Origin of the species quotes, 2016) Charles Robert Darwin, was
an English naturalist and geologist, best known for his contributions to evolutionary theory. Born on
the 12 February 1809, United Kingdom, Darwin wrote his discoveries and theories in his book
Origin of the species which became very successful when published. He based his theory on natural
section. A process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and
produce more offspring. Darwin believed changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its
environment will help it survive and have

The History of Earth through the Process of Evolution
Evolution is the process by which the majority of different kinds of living organisms are presumed
to have developed and differentiated from earlier forms during the history of the earth. It is
described as a variation of an organism to allow it to adapt to a new surrounding. The change is
often very significant that a new species is formed (Scott,2014). As scientists engrossed in the
theory of evolution, speculations about animals started to get involved. Camels are seemingly
obvious examples that evolution occurred. Features that have captivated scientist to examine the
camel include their long eyelashes, ability to close their nostrils, long & strong legs, thick fur &
under–wool, thick leather–like patches just below the knees and the fat stored in their humps (Jason
C. Chavis. 2010).
Two very recognised theorists are Jean–Baptiste Lamarck and his theory of inheritance of acquired
characteristics and Charles Darwin and his theory of natural selection. Both naturalists concluded
seperate theories of evolution. Lamarck believed that if an organism develops a particular trait
throughout their lifetime to accommodate to its habitat, it will be passed on to their offspring
(O'Neil,2004). For example, Jean–Baptiste Lamarck believed that all giraffes used to support small
necks. As the trees grew taller, the leaves of the tree would no longer be in reach of the giraffe,
causing the giraffe to strain their necks in order to consume their food, resulting in the lengthening
of

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
The artist that created the masterpiece of Ugolino and His Sons is Jean–Baptiste Carpeaux. Born in
1827 in Valenciennes, Nord, he came from a family of masons. Carpeaux was a French sculptor and
painter during the Second Empire under Napoleon III. Carpeaux entered the École Nationale
Supérieure des Beaux–Arts in 1844 and studied under the Romantic Sculptor François Rude. In
1850 he abandoned Rude's studio for Francisque Duret, another teacher at the school that helped
Carpeaux receive an honorable mention for his Achilles Wounded in the Heel in the Prix de Rome
competition that year. Carpeaux then followed that up with second place for his figure Philoctetes on
Lemnos and in 1854 he won the Gran Prix de Rome for his group Hector and His Son Astyanax. ...
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The French Ministry of Fine Arts commissioned a bronze cast by Victor Thiébaut and placed it in
the Tuileries Gardens and Carpeaux even completed the work in marble and had it displayed at the
Exposition Universelle of 1867 in Paris, where it won first prize for sculpture. Immediately after the
success of Ugolino and His Sons Carpeaux gained important commissions. These included a portrait
of the Prince Imperial son of Napoleon III (1864), a sculptural group The Dance (1865) for the
facade of Charles Garnier's CarOpera, the Four Parts of the World Sustaining the Globe for the
fountain of Observatory (1867) in the gardens of the Luxembourg Palace. Carpeaux married a
twenty–two–year–old daughter of a general in April 1869, they had two sons. Carpeaux was then
awarded the Cross of the Legion of Honor two months before his death in

The American Revolutionary War : The Battle Of Yorktown Essay
The American Revolutionary War was a war that brought unity among American Colonies. The
Colonies fought Great Britain for many years to gain their independence from the mother country.
The American Revolutionary War was between the years of 1775 and 1783. There were many major
battles fought, but one major battle that ended the long war was the Battle of Yorktown. The Battle
of Yorktown was "fought September 28 to October 19, 1781" ("American Revolution: Battle of
Yorktown"). The battle was a successful victory for the Colonies from the beginning of the battle to
the end. The days before the battle helped the Americans capture a victory at Yorktown. At first, the
war was between the Colonies and the British; however, the French came into the war to help aid the
Colonists and win the war over Great Britain. Before the battle of Yorktown, General George
Washington was stationed in New York with his army. "In the spring of 1781, Washington traveled
to Rhode Island to meet with Comte de Rochambeau and plan to attack on Clinton" ("History of the
Siege"). Lieutenant General Henry Clinton is a British general who marches through the northern
and middle colonies in an attempt to gain control in those areas. The French were a big advantage to
the Colonists because of their naval fleet. George Washington was expecting the French fleet to
arrive in New York and help aid in the attack on Clinton, however, he "learned that the French fleet
was sailing to the lower Chesapeake Bay"

How Did Lamarck Contribute To The Scientific Field
Who is Jean Baptiste Lamarck? What did he contribute to his scientific field? Why was his research
important? These are questions easy enough to answer, but the harder question is, how has his
findings influenced us today? And this is an essential question in understanding why Jean Baptiste
Lamarck is just a small piece to a much larger puzzle that shows has science itself has evolved over
time.
John Baptiste Lamarck was born in Bazentin–le–Pertit, in Northern France, in 1744. He was born
into a military family, and while attending the Jesuit seminary at Amiens, his father died and he
decided to join the French campaign in Germany in the summer of 1761. He remained in the
military, until 5 years after the end of his German campaign, until ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Lamarck realized that although the Museum's collection was thoroughly enormous, it was also
thoroughly in chaos; there was very poor organization at the time. Lamarck's research was, at the
time, considered the least prestigious of the fields of biology to study, but what not one of his
colleagues would realize is that through his studies, he himself had created a new field of biology.
After studying, classifying, and lecturing on everything from worms to spiders, and everything in
between, for around ten years, Lamarck published two books, one of zoology, and the other on
paleontology. His most famous one was the Philosophie zooloique , published in 1809, and very
much portraying Lamarck's ideas on evolution.
Through his research, Lamarck observed many similarities in the different types of animals he
studied, these fascinated him and allowed him to draw his own scientific conclusions. First, he
believed life was not a fixed system and that "When environments changed, organisms had to
change their behavior to survive." In short, he believed the body would understand how to adapt to
different environments over generations. He believed these adaptions were a process that the body
was trying to form to eventually make the perfect generation of

Battle Of Yorktown : Battle For Yorktown
Battle of Yorktown 1
Running Header: Battle of Yorktown
Pearson Elizabeth
The Battle of Yorktown Battle of Yorktown 2 One of the most important battles of the Revolutionary
War took place on September 28, 1781, in Yorktown, Virginia. The Siege of Yorktown was the last
battle in the war against Great Britain. Fought between General George Washington with French aid
from General Comte de Rochambeau. With a fleet of over 17,000 French and Continental men
against General Lord Charles Cornwallis and his 9,000 British men (The Battle of Yorktown).
Washington and Rochambeau decided that a battle in New York would be too difficult to win. They
agreed to attack Charles Cornwallis while he and his army were stationed in Yorktown, Virginia.
Cornwallis was located on a peninsula on the Chesapeake Bay because, there, he could receive
supplies via boat from New York. (Creating America) They were expecting more troops from New
York, but they never arrived. The lack of reinforcements was lucky for General Washington and
Rochambeau because Cornwallis had a comparatively better army; the battle might not have ended
the same if the enemy had more troops. (The British Surrender at Yorktown)
Washington and his troops had to march from New York to Virginia. They began their march on
August 19. Washington kept their destination a total secret, sending out fake communications, lying
that they were not going to Virginia and that Cornwallis wasn't in any danger. On September 5,
Washington

Darwin Vs Lamarck Analysis
It's a thursday night and the weirdest things has just happened to me a bunch of scientists had just
arrived at my door and i am confused and shocked at the same time right now i'm wondering if they
will be joining us for dinner but first i'm going to go grab a tape recorder so i have proof to show
that i did meet these people. Later that night we were having a good laugh, somehow we ended up
talking about evolution charles and lamarck were arguing about inherited traits and acquired
characteristics. lamarck was saying that if an organism needed a certain trait that they were able to
obtain it and how that once it is obtained it can be passed onto the offspring. Then charles darwin
starts to argue by saying that organisms cannot pass on acquired ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Eventually ernst mayr says that he is going back home then, linnaeus starts to go then as the night
progresses most of them go back home except for lamarck and charles darwin. Then all of the
sudden we hear a knock on the door " knock, knock,knock" i ask them to wait i walk over to see that
it is walt disney and then that is when everyone else starts to come back i asked him what is he
doing at my house he says that "sometimes the littlest things can have an impact on the biggest
things that go around." I start to freak out i went to the bathroom to throw cold water at my face just
to see if everything is real then since it is all happening i ask for a million dollars sadly but i saw ten
dollars and fifty cents but at least i had some cash because i was almost broke. I start to talk to walt
disney and ask him why did he built the theme park and how he was even standing in my house. I
was having the time of my life then i got scared because i had thought what if the tape recorder
wasn't recording i look into my pocket relieved that it was recording the whole

Native American Natives Essay
Nearly Forty–eight men came with us to discover this new land, that has made America twice the
size that it was originally.We started our journey upstream from the Missouri River, where we all
came here by keelboat or on a pirogues, and from there we got to our St.Louis camp area. While we
were at camp we found many animals along the way, but the most interesting one that I found was
the this large wolf, it had a long, fluffy tail, that had a black spot at the end of its tail. It's June 23,
1804, I William Clark have been wondering around this new place we have recently came to. I
walked out of my boat, walked around the shore, killed a deer, and made a fire. The sun was going
down, and I don't think i'll be back at the camp by sunset, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Later on I had changed my thoughts about his animal, many of my people had spotted a brownish
animal with long claws, the animal that the Indians had told us about, they shot one of them but it
escaped, the other one chased me for 80 yards, but lucky me that some of my colleagues had
reloaded their guns and had killed the

Sebastien Manrique, Antonio Monserrate, Jean-Baptiste...
People of different cultures worked, traded and traveled throughout the Empire, contributing to its
power and dynamics. Some Europeans who began to criss–cross the roads with Mughals recorded
themselves in forms of diaries or letters about the people and the lands they encountered on their
journey, which are well preserved today. Europeans such as Sebastien Manrique, Antonio
Monserrate, Jean–Baptiste Tavernier, and William Hawkins recorded their experiences and
observations from fascinating and informative visions travel and life in india during this period and
provide invaluable contribution to our understanding of life at the time.
Sebastien Manrique, a priest who went on a journey to India for missionary work, writes his
experiences to educate his audience as well as entertain the audience. While writing this well–
constructed article, Manrique keeps his audience in mind by providing exceptionally detailed
experiences that he had on his journey. He is able to portray his journey as if the reader were truly
there alongside him. The reader is able to imagine the drastic situations he went through on his
journey due to the "monsoon floods, voracious mosquitos, appetizing peacocks, violent fever and
affronted villagers – as well as threatening Mughal officials." He is also well aware of what he must
do in order to continue his narrative without boring his audience, "give a detailed description of their
appearance and control, as well as of the arrangements made in them."

The Battle Of Yorktown By George Washington
The Battle of Yorktown is known as the battle that separated the United States from Great Brittan.
The purpose of this paper is that I will discuss the events that led up to the battle, the battle itself, the
outcome, and a specific event that, if changed, might have changed the outcome of the war. There
are multiple events that may have changed the outcome; within this paper I will discuss one, and
that will be, what if George Washington's diversionary orders didn't deceive the British. On
September 28, 1781 General George Washington started his siege on Yorktown, where the British
General Lord Charles Cornwallis garrisoned his 9,000 troops. Those actions are just the final steps
that won the battle and solidified the United States as an independent nation. The real beginning of
the Battle of Yorktown started in August of 1781 when the French army led by French Commander,
the Comte de Rochambeau, convinced General Washington to attack Yorktown instead of New
York. The Comte de Rochambeau Stated to General Washington, that if he was to attack New York
that they would suffer a great deal of casualties due to the British's well fortification of the area and
that the attack wouldn't succeed. General Washington was convinced by his ally's concern, so on
August 19, 1781 the French and United States Continental Army Began their march to Yorktown in
order to crush Lord Charles Cornwallis and his recent string of victories. General Washington
wanted the element of surprise when

The Life Of Sacagawea.
The Life of Sacagawea Believe it or not slavery was a problem even for Indians. Many Indians were
captured and sold into slavery, Indians such as Sacagawea who was born in 1788 (Timeline).
Unfortunately, Sacagawea was captured at a young age and was forced into slavery. We know her as
the young, brave woman who traveled with Lewis and Clark on their expedition to the West. She is
also recognized on the one dollar coin for her amazing adventure with the discoverers (Hoose 130).
There is much to be known about this extraordinary women. The way she was taken from her family
and put into slavery is a major part of her life, as well as her adventure with Lewis and Clark, what
happened after she returned home and the legacy she left behind. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, Sacagawea became very ill after giving birth and received medical treatment. The
treatment given to her was a Shoshone ritual. They took cut up rattlesnake tail and dissolved it in
water. After she drank it she soon got better (Hoose 131). The problem Sacagawea experienced was
not the last on their exploration. Many more difficulties occurred during the trip. On May 14, 1805
(Sacagawea) in Montana (Timeline) a gust of wind almost knocked the boat over (Hoose 132).
Sacagawea risked her life and jumped into the water to save some of the items that fell overboard
(132). After the horrendous accident, they landed somewhere along the Lemhi Pass on August 12,
1805. Two days later (Sacagawea) Sacagawea encountered Chief Cameahwait, who she recognized
as her brother. Upon finding her brother she learned that both her parents had died and only two of
her brothers remained alive (Hoose 132). After leaving her brothers tribe they eventually reached the
end of their journey, the Pacific Ocean (133) on August 14, 1806 (Sacagawea). Once there they
heard about a dead whale that was on the beach. Sacagawea wanted to come along with them to see
the magnificent creature. "It seemed to surprise the others, partly because she had no rights as a
slave, but mainly because she had never before taken such a stand" (133). Soon after the whale
sighting they headed home. Finally the long trip

Main Points, Objections And Significance And Definition Of...
Definition of Germplasm:
Germplasm is the living genetic resources such as seeds or tissue that is maintained for the purpose
of animal and plant breeding, preservation, and other research uses.
Weismann's Germ Plasm Theory, Main Points, Objections and Significance:
Germplasm theory was proposed by August Weismann (1834–1914) who was a neo–Darwinian
biologist. He proposed this theory in his book Das Keimplasma.
According to the Weismann the variations are of two types. Some are congenital i.e. organisms are
born with them and others are acquired during the life time of a particular plant or animal. The
acquired character, was with the latter type of variations, Weismann was very much concerned. To
explain that acquired character could not be inherited Weismann introduced the theory of
Germplasm.
The main points of germplasm theory are the following:
The main concept of theory is that living bodies are made up of fundamentally different types of
material– the germplasm (protoplasm of germ cell e.g. sperm and ova) and the somatoplasm (
protoplasm of somatic or body cell). The germplasm remain in the organism and responsible for the
development of reproductive parts, secluded and sealed from the somatoplasm which grow ... Show
According to this concept, the stimulus affects simultaneously the germplasm and the soma (body).
He proposed that internal stimulus affects germs in such a way that it results inheritable variations.
For him the stimulus are nourishment which is necessary for determinants and biophores. The
determinant which get better nourishment are fast and stronger than those who get less nourishment.
Consequently the determinant would produce weaker parts or stronger organ in organisms. For
Weismann there is a struggle for existence between better and less nourished, that will cause
appearance and disappearance of

Essay On King Louis Xiv
In the time before King Louis XIV's reign, 17th century France was involved in several civil wars,
there were no secure borders and the aristocracy acted as local rulers. In 1643 when Louis XIV
came to power, he thought that he needed to secure both France and his own rule. He decided to
build a new palace complex 12 miles outside Paris. To him, isolation meant security, he would be
away from the plotters and schemers in Paris. He also believed that having all government
departments and ministries living within Versailles would centralize the government and create
reform.
Versailles was designed by craftsmen, architects and artists from all over Europe and took 30 years
to complete. The palace was often called the "gilded cage", Louis XIV would host parties and have
nobility compete for his favor. Court life revolved ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These industries provided jobs but also helped to establish France as world leader in export. Louis
XIV's finance minister Jean–Baptiste Colbert organized the workers in companies that were
regulated to ensure quality. This also prevented competition among each other, but helped them to
compete against foreign imports. Louis XIV imposed a strict dress code that made certain there was
ready need for French made clothing (Chrisman–Campbell, 2015). They would also speak of Louis
XIV's effect on the arts. Colbert and the king shared the belief of idolizing the monarchy through the
arts. Louis XIV was an astute fan of the best literary and artistic figures of the time. The crown
developed several schools, to include those for painting and sculpture, as well as inscriptions in
1663. French artists at Rome and science in 1666. Followed by the Paris Observatory in 1667 and
the academies of architecture in 1671 and music in 1672. The literary Academie Francaise would
also come under royal control in 1671 (Steingrad,

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux Essay
Jean–Baptiste Carpeaux
1827 – 1875
The son and grandson of stonemasons, Jean–Baptiste Carpeaux was born in 1827 in Valenciennes
and moved to Paris at the age of eleven. Beginning in the early 1840s he studied at the Petite Ecole,
the state school for training in the applied arts, formally called the Ecole Gratuite de Dessin, before
entering the Ecole des Beaux–Arts in 1844, where he changed masters repeatedly, oscillating
between typical student ambition (optimal credentials for the Prix de Rome) and his interest in more
liberal approaches. Carpeaux moved from Ecole painter Abel de Pujol (1785–1861), to the
independent sculptor François Rude, and finally to the prestigious Ecole sculptor Francisque–Joseph
Duret (1804–1865). After winning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He entered the imperial circle in 1864 as artistic tutor to the Prince Imperial, and executed the boy's
bust and full–scale portrait statue for the prince's parents (both mid–1860s, marble; Musée d'Orsay,
Paris). He also received some of the most significant monumental commissions of the period: the
architectural decoration of the Pavillon de Flore of the Palais du Louvre (1863–1866, Imperial
France Enlightening the World and the Triumph of Flora); and The Dance (1865–1869) for the
facade of the Paris Opéra. His native Valenciennes commissioned several public projects between
1860 and 1884, including a monument to another of its native artists, Antoine Watteau (1684–1721).
This extraordinary activity was interrupted by the upheavals after the fall of the Second Empire and
by Carpeaux's increasing frailty with cancer. He executed some smaller figures and portraits upon
commission and completed his monumental projects in Paris (1868–1874, Observatory Fountain,
Jardin du Luxembourg). He mainly focused on amassing income through commercial edition,
hoping to recoup his devastating financial losses from those projects and from the war. Estranged
from his family, Carpeaux spent the last two years of his life traveling, in the care of patrons, and in
clinics. He died in 1875.
An ambitious entrepreneur even as an Ecole student––a flagrant violation of the academic policy
forbidding commerce––Carpeaux produced serial works throughout his career.

Essay On The Art Of Camille Corot
When I first saw this painting done by Camille Corot, I was in awe. It was one of the many beautiful
paintings that I saw on my first trip to the Fine Arts Museum of Houston. The painting looks almost
dreamlike and soft, which amazed me on how a painter could create an art piece as such. This piece
is called Orpheus Leading Eurydice from the Underworld, by Camille Corot, French, 1861, the
medium is oil on canvas. I was immediately attracted to this art piece because of the earthy and
naturalistic colors used, and how the landscape seems almost hazy. This enchanting painting tells the
tragic Greek myth of Orpheus, the Greek god of music, saving his wife, Eurydice, from Hades, God
of the Underworld. Orpheus absentmindedly breaks the terms of ... Show more content on
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Devoted to his paintings he once said to a friend "All I really want to do in life... is to paint
landscapes. This firm resolve will stop me forming any serious attachments. That is to say, I shall
not get married".
I like the softness of how Corot painted this art piece. The painting, to me, looks simple yet
topographical, due to the trees and bushes painted. What I did not like about this piece is the way he
depicted the Underworld. The Underworld is said to be very dark and gloomy, due to all the dead
spirits living there, but Corot paints it with light and lush, making it look anything but eerie. He uses
Time and motion by showing Orpheus legs in a walking position, whilst holding Eurydice arm,
leading her out of the Hades Underworld. Also, the texture of the trees and bushes have a realistic
topographical and layered appearance with shades of blacks and browns. Since Corot is a landscape
painter, he often uses atmospheric perspective to create the illusion of depth. He shows the spirits
mourning their death in the background with shades of cool tones and uses light colors, while
emphasizing Eurydice and Orpheus in the foreground with more deep and darker colors. Another
element I've seen in Corot's painting is his use of space, he shows Orpheus and Eurydice on the
corner right while the rest of the image is more focused on his beautiful landscape in the
background.
Additionally, the focal point that immediately caught my eyes attention was the spirits depicted

Moment Factory Analysis
Check the new phrase I added in last paragraph, you can remove it if ya want if it does not fit Or
help me out with where to put the new sentence MOMENT FACTORY: CULTURAL
NOCTURNALIZATION AND NIGHT TIME ECONOMY THESIS: Montreal's nighttime cultural
economy is defined by its nocturnalization, created through installations like the illumination of the
Pont Jacques–Cartier bridge, the festivals of light such as Illuminart, and is capitalized upon by
cultural economic producers, such as Moment Factory. Montreal's culture via these lights are a
reverence to the city, providing a night time economy and a nocturnalization that are iconic to the
city, but they do not change the inherent Montrealness. Moment Factory is a Montreal based
entertainment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cities tend to be the core of the overall night time economy, which constitutes of an," evening
economy, running from 17.00 to 20.00 and a late night economy running from 20.00 until perhaps
04.00 the next morning" (Jones et al. 96). According to the article, "Media and the Urban Night",
written by Will Straw, western society's transformation to 24 hour media access has impacted the
longevity of urban encounters from day into night (Straw 1). The city seeks out these multimedia
companies and artists for projects to support the demand of innovative concepts in order to make
profit of socialization in the late hours (Straw 2). Moment Factory's method of doing this revolves
around the medium of light, by eliminating the dominant restriction of nighttime living: darkness
and inaccessibility. Historically, the creation of light supported by electricity was the starting point
for nocturnalization and the night time economy as it is an, "... extension of the public realm, a new
space and time of socialization" (Lovatt and O'Connor 131). The safety and accessibility for night
time events in cities continues to depend on light and is what fully embodies the urban life after
sunset, known as the urban night. (Straw 1). In Montreal, the night is a realm that allows urban
creativity to be expressed in a matter it may market itself to make profit with the aim to attract both
local citizens and tourists (Lecture 25,

Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwins Theories of...
Introduction
Evolution is the gradual, continuous change of characteristics throughout a population or a species
over many generations. It is the moderation of characteristics that can alter an entire population over
a long period of time and is the theory that explains the variation in each generation of an organism.
Charles Darwin's theory was natural selection, the survival of the fittest and the struggle for
existence, which had a great impact on selective breeding. Organisms that were well–adapted to
their environment had more tendency to survive and reproduce, providing their genetic
characteristics for future generations whilst those less–adapted organisms were more likely to be
decreased in amount. Charles Darwin's theory also ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The elephants tusk is a modified tooth made of ivory, they are used for digging, debarking trees,
moving object and making contact with one another. The elephant uses it's large ears, that can be up
to 180cm wide, to cool their blood and distribute it around their bodies to decrease their body
temperature by fanning themselves. Their big ears also contain many blood vessels that give off
body heat to help the African elephant survive the hot weather.
Lamarckian Evolution
The Lamarckian theory would explain that the Woolly Mammoth changed in ways to adapt to the
change of the environment. Lamarck would have believed that the Mammuthus primigenius would
have sheded it's thick coat of hair to survive as the weather increased in temperature. The
Mammoth's ears would have gotten bigger in size as they would have stretched to fan themselves to
keep cool due to the hot climate. Their trunks would have slightly gotten longer because they
stretched to reach leaves higher up in trees, this would have been because the trees had gotten taller.
All these characteristic modifications were then passed onto future generations.
Darwinian Evolution
The Woolly Mammoth would have had to adapt to the major climate change. Some mammoth's
would have had larger ears than others, had less hair, been shorter than others and have had longer
trunks. They would have had to learn how to defend themselves by traveling in groups to survive.
The fittest mammoth would have survived to reproduce

The Battle Of Siege Of Yorktown
September 5th, 1781, a French Naval Fleet inhabited the lower Chesapeake Bay, which was a major
advantage to the continental army. The siege of Yorktown, was the last major battle against the
British army under General Cornwallis, resulting in the inevitable surrender and American
independence. There was a great deal of coordination prior to the actual engagement consequently
leading to this outcome. The total number of soldiers consisted of 17,600 American and French
soldiers, under the command of General George Washington, Marquis de Lafayette, Comte de
Rochambeau, and Rear Admiral Francois Joseph Paul, the Comte de Grasse lead a French Naval
Fleet. 8,300 British forces were commanded by General Charles Earl Cornwallis with 7,000
additional forces sent from General Sir Henry Clinton in New York. Unfortunately for the British,
the reinforcements arrived too late. According to General Cornwallis, the British failed their mission
as a result of lack of reinforcements from Clinton. Middleton stated (2013), "However, it is wrong to
blame Clinton alone for Yorktown" (p.387). Various factors led to the defeat of both British
Generals. The lack of communications and insubordination of authority caused their defeat. This
was the truth for the battle of Yorktown. At the time of the American Revolution, both American
rebels and the British practiced a variety of methods for keeping written communications secret.
Both sides had a networks of spies who passed on information right under

The Battle Of Yorktown By Comte De Rochambeau
Even though the 13 colonies declared their independence from Great Britain on 4 of July 1776, they
actually gained their freedom only after the decisive war, the Battle of Yorktown (Introduction.)
Yorktown was established in 1691 to regulate trade and collect taxes. Due to its location surrounded
by the York River which led into the Chesapeake Bay, Yorktown would soon develop into a center
of commerce. Not only Yorktown fit for building wharves, storehouses, and docks which used to
export and import goods from Great Britain, but it also suit for setting up a naval base by taking
advantage of its surrounding of the York River and Chesapeake Bay area (The Role 4.)
In the past, the three groups that involved in the Battle of Yorktown were French, American and
British. In summer of 1780, French allied with American and provided them a major boost of 5,500
troops which were commanded by Comte de Rochambeau (History of the Siege.) In May 10, 1781,
British General Charles Earl Cornwallis, known as Lord Cornwallis, decided that he could not
control over the southern colonies until he defeated Virginia. With that in mind, he searched for a
place to set up a naval base which made Yorktown a perfect place in his plan (Colonial 12.) In the
beginning of August 1781, Lord Cornwallis led British forces from Portsmouth, Virginia to the
tobacco port of Yorktown and fortified his position to prepare for the upcoming war. Knowing Lord
Cornwallis' move as well as finding out that Admiral Comte

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