SAR

2. Contracting States shall arrange for the
establishment and provision of search and rescue
services within their territories. Such services shall
be provided on a 24-hour basis.
Those portions of the high seas or areas of
undetermined sovereignty for which search and
rescue services will be established shall be
determined on the basis of regional air navigation
agreements.

3. Alerting service is a service provided to notify
appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need
of search and rescue aid, and assist such
organizations as required.
BASARNAS is the responsible agency for providing
SAR service in Indonesia

4. Alerting service shall be provided:
a) For all aircraft provided with air traffic control
service;
b) In so far as practicable, to all other aircraft
having filed flight plan or otherwise known to the
air traffic services; and
c) To any aircraft known or believed to be the
subject of unlawful interference.

5. Flight information centres or area control
centres shall serve as the central point for
collecting all information relevant to a state of
emergency of an aircraft operating within the flight
information region or control area concerned and
for forwarding such information to the appropriate
rescue coordination centre.

6. SAR Regions (SRR)
Not overlap
SRR C SRR D
Contiguous
SRR A SRR B

7. Indonesian FIR’s

8. In providing assistance to
aircraft in distress and to
survivors of aircraft accidents,
Contracting States shall do so
regardless of the nationality
of such aircraft or survivors.
Contracting States shall
delineate the search and
rescue regions within which
they will provide search and
rescue services

9. WILAYAH SAR INDONESIA

10. Boundaries of search and rescue regions should, in
so far as practicable, be coincident with the
boundaries of corresponding flight information
region
Contracting States shall establish a rescue
coordination centre in each search and rescue
region.

11. In areas where public telecommunications facilities
would not permit persons observing an aircraft in
emergency to notify the rescue coordination centre
concerned directly and promptly, Contracting
States should designate suitable units of public or
private services as alerting posts.
Contracting States should establish rescue
subcentres whenever this would improve the
efficiency of search and rescue services

12. Each rescue coordination centre shall have means of
immediate communication with:
a. The associated air traffic services unit;
b. Associated rescue subcentres;
c. Appropriate direction-finding and position-fixing
stations in the region;
d. Where appropriate, coastal radio stations capable
of alerting and communicating with surface
vessels in the region.
Means of immediate communication” are
considered to be direct-line telephone or teletype,
direct radiotelephone circuit, or, when these cannot be
made available, telephone or teletype via a
switchboard

13. Each rescue coordination centre shall have means
of rapid and reliable communication with:
a. The headquarters of rescue units in the region;
b. Rescue coordination centres in adjacent regions;
c. A designated meteorological office or
meteorological watch office;
d. Rescue units when employed in search and
rescue;
e. Alerting posts;
f. The COSPAS-SARSAT
Means of rapid and reliable communication
include digital data interchange, telephone, facsimile
and radiotelephone

14. COSPAS-SARSAT
ELT Emergency Locator
Transmitter
EPIRB Emergency Position
Indicating
Radio Beacon
LUT Local User Terminal
MCC Mission Control Center
RCC Rescue Coordination Center
SAR Search and Rescue
GEOLUT
RCC/ KANTOR SAR
LEO Satellite
GEO Satellite
LEOLUT
IDMCC
SAR Forces
EL T
EPIRB
Distress
Signals
121.5
Distress
Signals
406 MHz

17. EPIRB

18. Personal Locator Beacon (PLB)

19. Each search and rescue aircraft shall be equipped
with a device for homing on emergency locator
transmitters transmitting on 121.5 MHz
Each search and rescue aircraft, when used for
search and rescue over maritime areas and required
to communicate with merchant ships, shall be
equipped to be able to communicate with such ships
on 2182 kHz.

20. Each search and rescue aircraft, when used for
search and rescue over maritime areas and required
to communicate with merchant ships, shall carry a
copy of the International Code of Signals to enable
it to overcome language difficulties that may be
experienced in communicating with such ships
Unless it is known that there is no need to provide
supplies to survivors by air, at least one of the aircraft
participating in a search and rescue operation should
carry droppable survival equipment.

21. The colour identification of the contents of droppable
containers and packages containing survival equipment
should take the form of coloured streamers according to
the following code:
Supply Colour Coding and Pictograms
Red — medical supplies and first-aid
equipment.
Blue — food and water.
Yellow — blankets and protective clothing.
Black — miscellaneous equipment such as
stoves, axes, compasses, cooking utensils,
etc.

22. Instructions on the use of the survival equipment
should be enclosed in each of the droppable
containers or packages. They should be printed in
at least three languages of which at least one
should be one of the working languages of
ICAO.
Where supplies of a mixed nature are dropped in
one container or package, the colour code should
be used in combination.

23. Rations

24. SAR supplies

25. Droppable life raft

27. ELT
EPIRB
MRCC/RCC/MCC
(LUAR NEGERI)
BASARNAS
PESAWAT LAIN
PLLU/ATC
KAPAL LAUT
SROP
MASYARAKAT
ORARI & RAPI
INSTANSI PEM
TNI
POLISI
PLLU/ATC
KAPAL LAUT
LAIN
SROP
MASYARAKAT
ORARI & RAPI
INSTANSI PEM
TNI
POLISI
PESAWAT UDARA
SATELIT COSPAS SARSAT
VISUAL, SAKSI MATA
Komunikasi
KANTOR SAR
JARING PENYAMPAIAN INFORMASI MUSIBAH

28. TRAINING,
QUALIFICATION,
CERTIFICATION AND
EXERCISES
A good training programme produces true professionals,
personnel who can do it right the first time. The purpose of
training is to meet SAR system objectives by developing SAR
specialists.
Since considerable experience and judgement are needed to
handle typical SAR situations, necessary skills require
significant time to master. Training can be expensive. Poor
training is even more expensive and can result in poor
operational effectiveness, which can result in loss of lives of
SAR personnel, lives of those in distress and loss of valuable
facilities.

29. TRAINING
Training is critical to performance and safety. The SAR
system should save those in distress when it can, and
also use training to reduce risks to its own valuable
personnel and facilities.
QUALIFICATION
The purpose of qualification is to validate an
individual’s ability to perform certain duties. It is a
minimum level of knowledge and skills which should
be required to be correctly demonstrated. This
validation activity may take place at a specific position,
while maintaining specific equipment or performed as
a team member within a unit.

30. CERTIFICATION
The purpose of certification is to authorize an
individual to serve in a stated capacity.
Certificates may be issued to candidates who meet
the requirements for service, age, medical fitness,
training, qualification, examinations and maturity.
Certification should be in writing prior to the person
assuming watchstanding duties.
Certification is official recognition by the
organization that it trusts the individual to use those
abilities.

31. SC - SMC – OSC - SRU
Page 23

32. SC ( SAR COORDINATOR )
Dijabat oleh seorang pejabat kerena fungsi dan wewenangnya mampu memberikan
dukungan kepada Kantor SAR untuk menggerakkan unsur-unsur SAR
SMC ( SEARCH MISSION COORDINATOR )
Dijabat oleh seseorang yang karena memiliki kemampuan / kwalifikasi yang ditentukan.
Dan tugasnya adalah melaksanakan evaluasi kejadian, perencanaan serta koordinasi
pencarian. Tugas ini berlaku untuk satu kejadian SAR
OSC ( ON SCENE COMANDER )
Dijabat oleh seseorang yang ditunjuk SMC untuk mengkoordinasikan serta
mengendalikan unsur SAR dilapangan, OSC ini ada bila SMC merasa perlu untuk
kelancaran tugas.
SRU ( SEARCH RESCUE UNIT )
adalah unsur SAR / fasilitas personil SAR yang secara nyata melaksanakan OPERASI
SAR

33. The authorities of a Contracting State which wish
its rescue units to enter the territory of another
Contracting State for search and rescue purposes
shall transmit a request, giving full details of the
projected mission and the need for it, to the rescue
coordination centre of the State concerned or to
such other authority as has been designated by
that State.
The authorities of Contracting States shall:
 immediately acknowledge the receipt of such a
request, and
 as soon as possible indicate the conditions, if
any, under which the projected mission may be
undertaken.

34. Each Contracting State shall ensure that wreckage
resulting from aircraft accidents within its territory or,
in the case of accidents on the high seas or in areas
of undetermined sovereignty, within the search and
rescue regions for which it is responsible, is
removed or obliterated following completion of
the accident investigation, or charted, so as to
prevent subsequent confusion.

35. Penyelenggaraan Operasi SAR
Terdiri Dari :
 3 Tingkat Keadaan Darurat
(Emergency Phase)
 5 Tahap Kegiatan SAR (SAR Stages)
 5 Komponen SAR (SAR Component)

36. Alert phase A situation wherein apprehension exists
as to the safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
Uncertainty phase A situation wherein uncertainty
exists as to the safety of an aircraft and its occupants.
Distress phase A situation wherein there is a
reasonable certainty that an aircraft and its occupants
are threatened by grave and imminent danger or
require immediate assistance.
EMERGENCYPHASES

37. 1. no communication has been received from an
aircraft within a period of thirty minutes after the
time a communication should have been
received, or
2. from the time an unsuccessful attempt to
establish communication with such aircraft was
first made, whichever is the earlier, or when
3. an aircraft fails to arrive within thirty minutes of
the estimated time of arrival last notified to or
estimated by air traffic services units, whichever
is the later,
UNCERTAINTY PHASE

38. ALERT PHASE
an aircraft has been cleared to land and fails to land
within five minutes of the estimated time of landing
and communication has not been re-established with
the aircraft, or when
an aircraft is known or believed to be the subject of
unlawful interference
information has been received which indicates that
the operating efficiency of the aircraft has been
impaired, but not to the extent that a forced landing is
likely,

39. DISTRESSPHASE
the fuel on board is considered to be exhausted,
or to be insufficient to enable the aircraft to reach
safety, or when
information is
received or it is
reasonably
certain that the
aircraft is about
to make or has
made a forced
landing

40. 5 Tahap Kegiatan SAR
 Tahap Menyadari (Awarness Stage)
 Tahap Tindak Awal (Initial Action Stage)
 Tahap Perencanaan (Planning Stage)
 Tahap Operasi (Operation Stage)
 Tahap Akhir Tugas (Mission
Conclussion Stage)

41. 1. Tahap Menyadari (Awarness Stage)
Yaitu saat diketahui / disadari terjadinya keadaan
darurat / musibah, tindakan yang dilakukan adalah
pencatatan data musibah berupa :
a. Nama Korban / pesawat udara / kapal
b. Posisi Kejadian
c. Jenis Musibah
d. Waktu Kejadian
e. Keadaan Cuaca di tempat kejadian
f. Keterangan lain yang diperlukan

42. 2. Tahap Tindak Awal (Initial Action Stage)
Yaitu saat dilakukan suatu tindakan sebagai tanggapan
adanya musibah yang terjadi, tindakan yang harus
dilakukan adalah :
(1). Evaluasi informasi kejadian / musibah
(2). Penyiagaan fasilitas SAR
(3). Pencarian awal dengan komunikasi
(4). Pencarian lanjut dengan komunikasi
(5). Penunjukan SMC ( SAR MISSION COORDINATOR )

43. 3. Tahap Perencanaan (Planning Stage)
Yaitu pembuatan rencana operasi yang
effektif meliputi :
a. Penentuan titik duga
b. Perhitungan luas area pencarian
c. Pemilihan dan penggunaan unsur SAR
d. Metode dalam pelaksanaan
e. Koordinasi dengan unsur-unsur terkait

44. 4. Tahap Operasi (Operation Stage)
Yaitu tahap saat dilakukan kegiatan :
a. Operasi Pencarian
b. Operasi Pertolongan
c. Operasi Pencarian dengan Pertolongan
Dalam tahap Operasi, kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah :
a. Breifing SRU,
b. Pemberangkatan SRU,
c. Pelaksanaan Pencarian / Pertolongan oleh SRU,
d. Penggantian SRU
e. Penarikan SRU ,
f. Debriefing

45. 5. Tahap Akhir Tugas (Mission Conclussion Stage)
Yaitu saat Operasi SAR dinyatakan selesai dan seluruh
unsur SAR dikembalikan ke kesatuan induk / organisasinya
masing-masing. Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan adalah :
a. Pengembalian Unsur
b. Evaluasi Hasil Operasi
c. Pembuatan Laporan

46. 5 Komponen SAR
Organisasi Fasilitas Komunikasi
Emergency
care
Dokumentasi

47. 1. ORGANISASI, merupakan struktur organisasi SAR yang meliputi aspek pengerahan unsur
Komando, Komando dan Pengendalian, Kewenangan, Lingkup Penugasan, dan Tanggung
jawab untuk penanganan musibah
2. FASILITAS,adalah komponen berupa unsur, peralatan / peralatan, serta fasilitas pendukung
lainnya yang dapat digunakan dalam OPERASI SAR
3. KOMUNIKASI, adalah komponen berupa penyelenggaraan komunikasi sebagai sarana
pemantauan musibah / kejadian, komando pengendalian serta membina kerja sama /
koordinasi selama operasi berlangsung
4. PERAWATAN DARURAT, adalah komponen berupa penyediaan fasilitas perawatan darurat
yang bersifat sementara dalam mendukung terhadap korban.
5. DOKUMENTASI, adalah pendataan laporan / kegiatan analisa serta data kemampuan yang
akan menunjang effesiensi pelaksanaan operasi dan pengembangan kegiatan misi SAR yang
akan datang
5 Komponen SAR

48. Upon the occurrence of an alert phase the rescue
coordination centre shall immediately alert
appropriate search and rescue services units
and rescue units and initiate any necessary
action
During the uncertainty phase, the rescue
coordination centre shall cooperate to the utmost
with air traffic services units and other
appropriate agencies and services in order that
incoming reports may be speedily evaluated