2. ALLEN PAIVIO
Dual Coding Theory –Assumes that people process
information in two different ways
• Processing of images
• Processing of language
3. ROBERT GAGNE
Nine events of Instruction:
• Gain attention of the learners
• Inform learners of the objective
• Stimulate recall of prior learning
• Present the stimulus or lesson
• Provide learning guidance and instruction
• Elicit performance
• Provide feedback
• Assess performance
• Enhance retention and transfer
6. BERNARD WEINER
Attribution Theory
• Locus of control (two poles: internal vs. external).
• Stability (do causes change over time or not?)
• Controllability (causes one can control such as skills vs.
causes one cannot control such as luck, others’ actions,
etc.)
7. KEY POINTS OF THEORY
The cognitivist paradigm essentially argues that the “black
box” of the mind should be opened and understood. The
learner is viewed as an information processor (like a
computer).
People are not “programmed animals” that merely respond
to environmental stimuli.
Cognitivism uses the metaphor of the mind as computer:
information comes in, is being processed, and leads to
certain outcomes.
8. CLASSROOM IMPLICATIONS
As a teacher you would not want to treat
children like they are cattle and cannot
understand what you are saying. All
children can’t learn in the same way so
in a classroom you would have to
address all of the different learning
abilities.
9. MY THOUGHTS
I feel that this would work in a classroom,
the problem would be addressing all of
the learning types. There are so many
different types of learning that all of the
learning ways will not be addressed.
Most lesson plans only cover a couple
of the learning ranges. What I would do
is add a few steps into some lessons to
cover more of the children’s learning
abilities.
