This is a powerpoint presentation on Emphysema topic taken from Robin's and Cotran textbook of pathology contans : 1) definition 2) types and pathogenesis of emphysema 3) morphology of early and advanced stage of emphysema

1. EMPHYSEMA
ROBINS & COTRAN
Definition
Types & Etiology
Pathogenesis
Morphology

2. CENTRIACINAR
CENTRAL / PROXIMAL ACINUS
APEX OF THE LUNG
HEAVY SMOKERS
COPD
PANACINAR
PROXIMAL / DISTAL ACINUS
(RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLE TO
ALVEOLI)
BASE OF THE LUNG
ALPHA 1 ANTI-TRYPSIN DEFICIENCY
PARASEPTAL
DISTAL ACINUS
PLEURA, LOBULAR CONNECTIVE
TISSUE AND MARGINS OF LOBULES
SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX
TYPES OF EMPHYSEMA

3. MORPHOLOGY
Initial stages :
1. Abnormal large alveoli
2. Thin septa
3. Focal centriacinar Fibrosis
4. Enlarged Pores of Kohn

4. MORPHOLOGY
Advanced stages :
Lungs - Voluminous
Overlap Heart anteriorly
Gen upper 2/3rd affected
Large alveoli seen in cut section
Apical blebs / bullae formed
Compress respiratory bronchiole &
Vasculature
Local hypoxia & loss of capillary bed

5. MORPHOLOGY
Advanced stages :
Apical blebs / bullae formed
Compress respiratory bronchiole &
Vasculature
Local hypoxia & loss of capillary bed

6. Thank you