purposive communication

1. PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
LESSON 2- LOCAL AND
GLOBAL
COMMUNICATION IN
MULTICULTURAL
SETTINGS

2. OBJECTIVES:
• At the end of the lesson, you should be able to :
1. Demonstrate an awareness of the reality of cultural diversity;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of how cultural diversity affects
communication; and
3. Appreciate the benefits and challenges of cross-cultural communication.

3. TWO SPEAKERS ARE EXPERIENCING
MISCOMMUNICATION. WHILE VIEWING THE
VIDEO, NOTE THE FOLLOWING:
• The source of the miscommunication ( the
word or the phrase that was not correctly
understood)
• The resolution of the miscommunication (
the strategy or strategies the speakers
used to try to resolve the
misunderstanding)

4. QUESTIONS:
• 1. What did one speaker say that was not understood by the person
he/she was speaking?
• 2. What was the other speaker’s understanding of what was said?
• 3. What do you think were the causes of the miscommunication?
• 4. How was the miscommunication resolved?
• 5. What should have been done by each speaker to prevent the
miscommunication?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3a3fgUkw6c

5. DO YOU AGREE THAT
SPEAKER'S LACK OF
PROFICIENCY IN A
LANGUAGE IS THE
REASON FOR
MISCOMMUNICATION?

6. VOCABULARY
BEFORE READING THE TEXT , LOOK UP THE MEANING OF THE
FOLLOWING WORDS AND PHRASES THAT ARE USED IN THE
SELECTION
• TAKE FOR GRANTED-
• CULTURAL BIASES-
• DOMESTIC WELFARE-
• CULTURAL OVERTONES-
• DURABLE BOND-
• GROSSLY DISLOYAL-

7. VOCABULARY
BEFORE READING THE TEXT , LOOK UP THE MEANING OF THE
FOLLOWING WORDS AND PHRASES THAT ARE USED IN THE
SELECTION
• TAKE FOR GRANTED-to value someone or something too lightly.
• CULTURAL BIASES-is the phenomenon of interpreting and judging
phenomena by standards inherent to one's own culture
• DOMESTIC WELFARE- or household welfare ( total income)
• CULTURAL OVERTONES-something that is suggested, but is not clearly
stated by certain culture
• DURABLE BOND- strong connection
• GROSSLY DISLOYAL- not supporting someone that you should support

8. READING DETAILS
COMMUNICATING ACROSS CULTURES
NOV 22, 2010
BY CAROL KINSEY GOMAN, PH.D.
P. 104-108

9. DISCUSSION:
• FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN COMMUNICATING ACROSS
CULTURES
• 1. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
• - HIGH CONTEXT
• - LOW CONTEXT CULTURE
• 2. TIME ORIENTATION
• - SEQUENTIAL
• - SYNCHRONIC
• 3. REASON AND EMOTION
- AFFECTIVE

10. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
HIGH CONTEXT LOW CONTEXT
NATIONALITY Mediterranian, Slovakian, Central
European,Latin American, African,
Arab, Asian, American-Indian)
Mostly Germanic and English speaking
Countries
ASSOCIATION  Relationships build slowly and
depend on trust.
 Identity of the individual is
established according to the groups
he/she belongs to (family, culture,
work, friends, etc.).
◆ Specific hierarchy is seen in social
structure and authority. The responsible
person at the top looks out for the benefit
of the group.
Relationship begin and end quickly.
Relationships are short-lived.
◆ Individual’s identity is established by
himself/herself and his/her
achievements.
◆ The social structure is not centralized,
and the authority is distributed on
various levels. Each level is in turn
responsible for something.
INTERACTION Nonverbal elements are significant.
Verbal messages usually
indirect.Disagreement is personalized
Non- verbal elements are not
significant.Verbal messages are explicit.
Disagreement is depersonalized; its more
rational (not personal) in finding
solutions.

11. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
HIGH CONTEXT LOW CONTEXT
INTERACTION Nonverbal elements are significant.
Verbal messages usually
indirect.Disagreement is personalized
Extensive use of gestural elements in
carrying out a conversation (e.g., voice
tone, facial expressions, eye movement,
body language, etc.).
◆ Information is conveyed implicitly,
and is heavily dependent on context
rather than actual words.
Any disagreement or conflict is taken
personally. A differing opinion is seen as
being personally threatening, and hence
conflict must either be avoided or
resolved as soon as possible.
Non- verbal elements are not significant.Verbal
messages are explicit. Disagreement is
depersonalized; its more rational (not personal)
in finding solutions.
Conversation involves extensive use of verbal
elements instead of nonverbal ones.
◆ Information is conveyed explicitly in a precise
and easy to understand form. It depends on the
actual words rather than the context.
◆ Communication is direct, succinct, and to the
point.
◆ Communication is regarded as a means to
exchange information, ideas, and facts.
◆ Disagreement is not taken personally, but is
chalked up to a difference in opinion/outlook
that does not affect the individuals personal
relationship. Instead, both individuals focus on
formulating a rational solution.

12. TIME ORIENTATION
SEQUENTIAL SYNCHRONIC
NATIONALITY North American, English, German,
Swedish and Dutch
South American, Southern
European, Asian
TEMPORALITY Business people give full attention
to one agenda item after another.
The flow of time is viewed as a
sort of circle, with the past, present
and future all interrelated.
Treat time as a commodity. See time more holistically and
interconnected.

13. • “On time” in Ghana
• It reminds me of the story about a German businessman traveling in Ghana. He set a meeting
with his Ghanaian counterpart for 1 p.m. Since “on time” for the German businessman meant
arriving early enough for the meeting to begin at 1 p.m., he made sure he arrived at the
Ghanaian’s office 10 minutes early to account for things that could go wrong. After his arrival, he
was greeted by the secretary of his Ghanaian counterpart and told to take a seat. 1 p.m. came
and went and his Ghanaian counterpart wasn’t there. 1:10 p.m. came and went, and his
counterpart wasn’t there. 1:20 p.m. came and went and his counterpart still wasn’t there. At this
point the German businessman asked the secretary if everything was OK. Had there been an
accident preventing the arrival of his counterpart? The secretary simply smiled and said she was
sure everything was OK and that the Ghanaian businessman should be along any minute now.
The German businessman returned to his seat and continued to wait, becoming angrier as each
moment passed. As the clock struck 1:45 p.m. the Ghanaian businessman entered his office in no
particular hurry, chatted with his secretary and invited the then angry German businessman into
his office. After closing the door, the German businessman could not contain himself any long and
he said, “I don’t know what kind of outfit you’re running here but we clearly said we would meet at
1:00 p.m. According to my watch, it is now 1:55 p.m.!” The Ghanaian took a seat behind his desk

14. • “On time” in Ghana
• The story above is an illustration of two different ways of seeing time, sequentially
and synchronically. According to Fons Trompenaars Seven Dimensions of Culture,
cultures with a preference for a sequential approach to time tend to treat time as a
commodityTime is something to be saved, spent or wasted. Time is used to bring
order and set limits, like the counselor who says your time is up even if you are in
the middle of revealing a deep insight.
• On the other hand, those cultures which tend to see time synchronically see time
more holistically and interconnected. Time doesn’t drive the task. If I am meeting
with my manager and the meeting goes longer than expected, I probably won’t stand
up at the appointed hour and leave! If he decides it is a better use of my time to meet
with him than to do the other things I planned to do, then I would shift and cancel
other commitments. Synchronic cultures tend to value priorities more than a
predetermined time limit. They will do what is right to do at the moment, not follow a

15. REASON AND EMOTION
AFFECTIVE NEUTRAL
NATIONALITY/COUNTRIES Italy, France,the USA and
Singapore
Japan, Indonesia, the UK,
Norway, Netherlands
Emotions are expressed by
laughing, smiling, grimacing,
scowling , sometimes crying
shouting or walk out of the
room.
Emotions are controlled and
subdued.

16. COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS:
1. How does each of the items in the following contrasting pairs differs
from the others?
a. High context vs. low context
b. Sequential vs. synchronic
c. Affective vs. Neutral
2. What does the author recommend that we do to be successful in
cross-cultural communication?

17. TASK 1
• Read the statements carefully. Decide if each statement is true or false.
Write T on the blank if the statement is True, and F if the statement is false.
If the statement is false , re-write or revise it to make it true. Use the space
provided after each statements .
____1. Anyone who is proficient speaker of a language will find
communicating across culture easy.
____2. Our emotions do not matter whenever we communicate with others.
____3. There is no such thing as a right culture or a wrong culture.
____4. All cultures have the same way of thinking about time.
____5. Communicating across cultures happens in one’s own country
because of the diverse domestic workforce of many companies today.

18. TASK 1-EXPECTED ANSWER
• Read the statements carefully. Decide if each statement us true or false.
Write T on the blank if the statement is True, and F if the statement is false.
If the statement is false , re-write or revise it to make it true. Use the space
provided after each statements .
__T__1. Anyone who is proficient speaker of a language will find
communicating across culture easy.
__F__2. Our emotions do not matter whenever we communicate with others.
__T__3. There is no such thing as a right culture or a wrong culture.
__F__4. All cultures have the same way of thinking about time.
__T__5. Communicating across cultures happens in one’s own country
because of the diverse domestic workforce of many companies today.

19. TASK 2
• Interview ( videoconfencing) a member of an expatriate
community in the Philippines. An expatriate ( also referred to
locally as “ expat”) is a non-Filipino person who is temporarily
residing in the Philippines for business or work purposes. During
your interview , ask about his/her experiences in communicating
with Filipinos. What are his/her pleasant experiences? Be ready
to present the result of your interview as a written report as an
oral presentation to the class or you can record it through video
(VLOG).

20. TASK 2
• Use the following interview guide questions.
1. What are your pleasant experiences in communicating with Filipinos?
2. What are the challenging situations you have encountered?
3. How did you deal with these challenges?

21. REFERENCES:
• Retrieved from: https://www.asme.org/topics-
resources/content/communicating-across-cultures
Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3a3fgUkw6c
Retrieved from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Ox5LhIJSBE&fbclid=IwAR3mbNWj
ga_RqOVquKXTS8XmzuYd3kOOiOADR1iM5rynO_Xim6Gw1dOLjds