P11 0809 listrik dinamik

DEPARTEMEN FISIKA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR Arus Listrik dan Lingkar Arus Searah http://bima.ipb.ac.id/~tpb-ipb/materi

Tujuan Instruksional ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Arus Listrik ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],- - - v A + + + + + I

Contoh : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hambatan Listrik dan Hukum Ohm ,[object Object],Dengan satuan R : volt/ampere atau ohm ( Ω ).  V I I  V

Hukum Ohm Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854) I  V I  V Linier atau Ohmic Material Non-Linier atau Non-Ohmic Material Semiconductors e.g. diodes Most metals, ceramics R konstan dan tidak tergantung terhadap ∆ V

Hambat jenis (Resistivity) ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Resistivity of various materials Material Resistivity (10 -8  m) Material Resistivity (10 -8  m) Silver 1.61 Bismuth 106.8 Copper 1.70 Plutonium 141.4 Gold 2.20 Graphite 1375 Aluminum 2.65 Germanium 4.6x10 7 Pure Silicon 3.5 Diamond 2.7x10 9 Calcium 3.91 Deionized water 1.8x10 13 Sodium 4.75 Iodine 1.3x10 15 Tungsten 5.3 Phosphorus 1x10 17 Brass 7.0 Quartz 1x10 21 Uranium 30.0 Alumina 1x10 22 Mercury 98.4 Sulfur 2x10 23

Energi dan Daya Listrik ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Pada sebuah lampu pijar tertulis 100W, 220V. Perkirakan hambatan listrik dari lampu pijar tersebut!

Contoh : ,[object Object],Solusi Biaya = Rp.300 x 162 = Rp. 48.600 = 15 (A) 120 (V) 3 (h) 30 = 162.000 Wh = 162 kWh

Rangkaian Arus Searah ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],V = IR = V bat Hindari terjadinya hubung singkat ( R = 0 ohm ) Gunakan pembatas arus / sekering untuk pengaman rangkaian I V = IR V bat + -

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object], r R A B C D E

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],R 1 A B C D V R 2

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],R 2 A B C D V R 3 R 1 Jawab: R ek = 6  ; I 1 = 3A, I 2 = 2A , I 3 = 1A ; V CD = 12 V

Aturan Kirchhoff’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Aturan Kirchhoff’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],R 2 A B C D  R 3 R 1 I 1 I 2 I 3

Contoh soal: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],R 1 R 3 R 2 12V 8V

P11 0809 listrik dinamik

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P11 0809 listrik dinamik