This document summarizes the components and significance of a complete blood count (CBC). A CBC provides important information about red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and their parameters such as hematocrit, hemoglobin, and counts. Abnormal CBC results can indicate various disorders including anemia, infection, inflammation, and cancer. The CBC establishes normal ranges for blood cells which vary by age, gender, and altitude.

2. CBC Count
Dr. Almas Arshad
Demonstrator – Biochemistry Department
The University of Lahore

3. CBC COUNT
The complete blood count is an
investigation that gives important
information about different blood
cells, mainly focuses on RBCs, WBCs,
platelets and their parameters.

4. COMPONENTS OF CBC
 Hematocrit (Hct)
 Hemoglobin (Hbg)
 Red blood cell count (RBC or erythrocyte count)
 RBC INDICES
 Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
 Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
 Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
 White blood cell count (WBC or Leukocyte count)
 WBC differential count
 Platelet count

5. HEMATOCRIT (HCT)
Measures the amount of space the
blood cells take up in the blood.
The value is given in:
Percentage of RBC in blood
38% of blood contain RBC.

6. HEMATOCRIT

7. HEMOGLOBIN (hbg)
Hemoglobin molecules fill up the RBCs and
carries oxygen giving RBCs a red color.
The RBC indices are:
MCV  Shows the Size of RBC
MCH  mass of hemoglobin per RBC
MCHC  Concentration of hemoglobin in RBC.

9. PLATELET COUNT:
Platelets are the
smallest type of
blood cells
They play a role in
clotting. They
clump together at
the site of injury
and form a plug
that stops
bleeding.

10. SIGNIFICANCE:
It is used to evaluate a patient’s overall health and
detect a wide range of disorders, including
 Infection
 Inflammation
 Anemia / Polycythemia
 Cancer
 Abnormal bleeding
 As a regular examination.

11. RESULTS
 Gives the normal value of blood cells.
 The normal values depend upon the
patient’s: age, gender and sea level

12. RBC Count
 RBC Count
 Increased in
 Patients living on High altitudes
 Smoking
 Lung Disease
 Kidney Disease
 Cancer
 Decreased in
 Anemia
 Vitamin B9 and B12 deficiency
 Pregnancy
 Leukemia

13. WBC Count
 Increased in:
 Infection
 Inflammation
 Physical ot emotional stress
 Kidney failure
 Rhematoid arthritis
 Decreased in
 Chemotherapy
 Aplastic Anemia

14. PLATELET COUNT
 Increased in
 Bleeding
 Iron deficiency
 Cancer
 Decreased in
 Vitamin deficiency
 Viral infection
 Aplastic anemia

15. NORMAL RANGES
 WBC : 4500 – 11000/ L
 RBC
 Men : 4.5 – 5.5/ L
 Women :4 – 5/ L
 Platelet Count: 150,000 – 400,000/ L
 Hematocrit:
 Men : 42 – 52%
 Women : 36 – 48%

16. Normal Ranges
 Hemoglobin
Men : 12 – 16 g/dL
Women : 13.5 – 17.5 g/dL
 MCV: 84 – 96%
 MCH: 28 – 34%
 MCHC: 32 – 36%

17. NEUTROPHILIA
Recent Infection
Inflammation :
Gout, IBS
NEUTROPENIA
Infections:
malaria
Autoimmune
Conditions
Drugs: NSAIDS,
Antithyroid
antimalarial,

18. MONOCYTOSIS
Infection
Inflammation
Malignancy

19. LYMPHOCYTOSIS
Chronic
Infection
lymphoma
LYMPHOPENIA
Drugs: steroids
Malignancy
Inflammation

20. BASOPHILIA
iron deficiency
EOSINOPHILIA
Allergy
Parasitic Infection

27. THANK YOU