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So you want to go 4D: Planting Trees into your Farmscape
- 1. So you want to go 4Dplanning trees into your farmscape Christopher Buschhaus, PhD Hannah Buschhaus, MSc ACORN Conference 2015 Charlottetown, PEI, Canada 2015.11.25
- 2. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 6. Row Field Crop rotation 3 D (area x time)
- 9. Agroforestry “a land management approach that purposefully integrates the growing of trees with crops or livestock” 1 1 http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/resmgmt/agroforestry/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana +
- 10. Agroforestry “a land management approach that purposefully integrates the growing of trees with crops or livestock” 1 1 http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/resmgmt/agroforestry/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2
- 11. 1 Photo credit: Hannah Buschhaus 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1
- 12. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1
- 13. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1
- 14. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1 Species richness
- 15. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1
- 16. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1 Species evenness
- 17. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1 Species evenness
- 18. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1
- 19. 1 http://www.veseys.com/ca/en/store/organicseed/organic/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 1 Why do we care about biodiversity?
- 20. Agroforestry “a land management approach that purposefully integrates the growing of trees with crops or livestock” 1 1 http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/resmgmt/agroforestry/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2
- 21. Agroforestry “a land management approach that purposefully integrates the growing of trees with crops or livestock” 1 1 http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/resmgmt/agroforestry/ 2 Smith et al. 2014. Elements of Ecology. Canadian edition. Pearson Cana Biodiversity “composite measure of biological variation; incorporates genetic, species, and regional diversity” 2 Canopy Understory Shrub layer Herb layer Ground
- 22. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 23. Buffers
- 28. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 31. • Windbreak • Odour reduction http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/science-and-innovation/agricultural-practices/agro
- 33. • Sight break / privacy screen
- 34. • Waterway protection • Biomass/fuel source PEI Buffer zone fact sheet. Department of Environment, Labour, and
- 35. http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/science-and-innovation/agricultural-practices/agro • Waterway protection • Biomass/fuel source
- 36. • Additional revenue • Carbon sequestration • Beautification • Biodiversity booster
- 37. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 40. http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/science-and-innovation/agricultural-practices/agro • Density • Longevity • Establishment time
- 44. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 45. Do It Your Self . . . Propagation cuttings rooted material coppicing beds
- 46. Cuttings . . . . . . In field propagation Willow, poplar, etc. 2 bud minimum Angled bottom cut Keep moist
- 47. Cuttings . . . . . . In field propagation Willow, poplar, etc. 2 bud minimum Angled bottom cut Keep moist
- 48. Rooted Material Transplanting 1st year survival critical Water!!!!
- 49. Do It Your Self . . . Propagation cuttings rooted material coppicing beds Maintenance water weed control
- 50. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry – facets • Agroforestry – functions • Going 4(D) it… • Practical notes • Further questions
- 57. Di • Benefits • Drawbacks • Canopy layers • Tree diversity lists • Shrub diversity lists • Combinations matter • Animal corridors • Pollinators • Insects (good and bad) • Birds • Hawk posts for vole/mouse
- 58. Outline • Introduction • Agroforestry facets • Mechanisms of function / ecology (pollination, ipm, windbreak, hedgerow, microclimate, crop protection, increasing biodiversity) • Starting up: • Goals (windbreak, sightbreak, pollinator food, habitat, biomass/ fuel…, multitasking) • Budget (time, equipment, trees, etc) • Spacing/apps for trees/shrubs • Practical guides – on-a-budget, weeds, tree selection, propagation, etc.
- 59. • A major goal of organic production is managing for biological diversity. Intentional management of the 4th dimension through such systems as hedgerows and shelterbelts benefits both wild and cultivated diversity while simultaneously providing economic benefits to the farming operation. This presentation will highlight the broad framework of 4D-farming before delving into the practical considerations of implementing on-farm agroforestry.
- 62. • Overview of the multi-faceted aspects of agroforestry • Mechanisms of function / ecology (pollination, windbreak, hedgerow, microclimate, crop protection, increasing biodiversity) • Starting up: • Goals (windbreak, sightbreak, pollinator food, habitat, biomass/ fuel…, multitasking) • Budget (time, equipment, trees, etc) • Spacing/apps for trees/shrubs • Practical guides – on-a-budget, weeds, tree selection, propagation, etc.
- 65. • Overview of the multi-faceted aspects of agroforestry • Mechanisms of function / ecology (pollination, windbreak, hedgerow, microclimate, crop protection, increasing biodiversity) • Developing hedgerows/ windbreaks for market-garden farms: • Goals / purpose • Budget (time, equipment, trees, etc) • Practical guides – on-a-budget, weeds, tree selection, spacing, propagation, etc.
- 66. • Overview of the multi-faceted aspects of agroforestry • Mechanisms of function / ecology (pollination, windbreak, hedgerow, microclimate, crop protection, increasing biodiversity) • Starting up: • Goals (windbreak, sightbreak, pollinator food, habitat, biomass/ fuel…, multitasking) • Budget (time, equipment, trees, etc) • Spacing/apps for trees/shrubs • Practical guides – on-a-budget, weeds, tree selection, propagation, etc.
- 74. silvopasture
- 84. • Pollinator habitat • Beneficials habitat • Windbreak • Sightbreak • Odour reduction • Waterway protection • Biomass/fuel source • Additional revenue • Carbon sequestration • Beautification • Biodiversity booster
- 85. So you want to go 4D: planning trees into your farmscape (a closer examination of hedgerows and windbreaks)