1) Speed breeding is a technique that uses controlled growing conditions like extended photoperiod, temperature, soil media, and spacing to accelerate plant growth and shorten breeding cycles. 2) It was originally inspired by NASA research on growing wheat in space. Scientists observed accelerated growth in wheat under artificial conditions. 3) Speed breeding allows up to 8 generations of wheat and 9 generations of barley per year, compared to 1-2 generations normally. This can reduce variety development time from 7 years to just 2 years.

1. ABHISHEK DWIVEDI (A-11625/20)
M.Sc. Ag.(2nd year)
Submitted to,
Dr. O. P. Verma
Assistant Professor
Department of Genetics
and Plant Breeding

3. •The contemporary world has increases
the gear with more work in least time
from a quick solution to quick
communication : everything is
increasing its rate, this depicted that in
future fastness is another name
modernization.
•Thus, Breeder try to apply the same for
Plants , Through speeding up their
production cycle.
•Here comes the idea of speed breeding
or ACCELERATED BREEDING.

4. What is Speed Breeding?
A technique which
involves extending
photoperiod and
controlled growing
conditions such as
temperature, soil
media, spacing etc. In
glasshouses, enabling
rapid generation
advancement by
shortening the breeding
cycle.

5. Innovation:
This technique was originally inspired by the US
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) that promises to develop new crop varieties.
Research scientists of NASA observed accelerated
growth in short time period during working on
wheat crop by providing artificial environment
condition.

6. Amy Watson and Lee Hickey
⚫ Inspired by NASA aiming to
grow wheat and food crops
in Space.
⚫ Started from University of
Queensland, John Innes
Centre and University of
Sydney in Australia by Dr.
LEE HICKEY, , AMY WATSON
and SHREYA GHOSH in
wheat and peanut.

7. Why Speed Breeding ?
Traditional wheat breeding pipeline

8. Traditional Inbreeding & Shuttle Breeding
• One generation per year
• Crossing to F6 takes 7 years
• Two generations per year
. Crossing to F6 takes 3.5 year

9. Doubled Haploid Technology
No early generation selection.
Low recombination.
Efficiency varies across crosses.
Laborious and expensive .
Disadvantages :

10. Speed Breeding work for multiple species

11. Temperature controlled glasshouse fitted with supplemental lighting
Low cost growth room lit with LEDs

12. Speed Breeding Setup
⚫ Light : PAR region (400-700 nm), ambient
lighting with LED
⚫ Photoperiod : 22 hours with 2 hours of darkness
⚫ Temperature : 22˚ C/ 17 ˚C for 22 hours light and 2 hours dark
⚫ Humidity : Ideally 60-70%
(Watson et al.,2018)

13. First- initially, the seeds are prepared for sowing by
providing the proper treatment and environment
conditions.
Second- The significant growing stages are taken into
consideration and specific emphasis is given to
phenotyping of only those stages. Like the time of anthesis
or flowering is observed and their associated parameters
are observed.
Third- Mostly seed is harvested at an immature stage and
then given specific cold treatment for maturation.
Although the seed produces this process somewhat
shrivelled on hydration they regain their shape and vigour
and germinated. But this process reduces the time from 15
days to 3 days.
Procedure of speed breeding:

14. Fourth- the energy
monitoring helps us to be
specific while providing
light, temperature and
other biological setups.
Conti….

15. Why speed breeding is better one :
•Rapid generation advancement- shortens the development of
variety by two year through the manipulation of growing
conditions like good seed set in less time.
•In shuttle breeding- two generations per year can be taken
which reduces the time of the cycle to just half.
•The double haploid production through bulbosum technique,
anther or ovary culture or chromosome elimination techniques.
MAS-gave authentification of the selected variety through
phenotyping along with genotyping which increases accuracy,
cost and reduces time by a few years

16. CaseStudies

18. Method
Standard genotypes of spring
wheat, durum wheat, barley
and Brachypodium distachyon
were grown in controlled
environmental conditions with
extended photoperiod and
compared with glasshouse
with no supplementary light
and heating.
Results
Plants grown under SB
progressed to anthesis
in approximately half
the time those from
glass house conditions

20. Results
⚫ Different SB protocols were introduced for several
crop species viz. Spring wheat, durum wheat,
barley, oats, brassica species, chickpea, pea, linseed,
quinoa and model grass Brachypodium distachyon
⚫ Protocol describes the growing conditions, soil
media composition, lighting, temperature and
spacing which promote growth in different crops

23. Results
• A procedure in which, by combining embryo
culture with management of watering
regimes, lighting intensity and duration,
temperature and quantity of potting
mixture, allows the production of up to
eight generation of wheat and nine
generations of barley per annum.

24. Conclusion:
Speed breeding or accelerated breeding
can contribute to hasten the plant
growth to accelerate, research and
development by reducing breeding
cycle. Moreover , speed breeding as a
plant form can combine with several
other technologies to get the end results
faster, with the success in speed
breeding particularly in wheat crop,
India can also initiate such facilities for
quick development of new varieties

25. Challenges Limitations
• Different responses of different plant species when
exposed to extended photoperiod.
• Early harvest of immature seed interfere with
phenotyping of some seed traits.
• Initial investment is high.
• No universal protocol due to diverse response
of plant species to photoperiod

26. References:
•Fang Y., Wang L., Sapey E., Fu S., Zeng H., Sun X., Qian S., Khan
A.A.M., Yuan S.(2021).Speed breeding in soyabean : Integrating off- site
generation Advancement, Fresh seeding, and Marker Assisted Selection.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH article Front. Plant Sci. , 17 august 2021.
•Watson A., Ghosh S.,Lee (2018).Speed breeding is a powerful
tool to accelerate crop research and breeding, Nature Plants 4, 23-
29 (2018).
•Wanga A.M., Shimelis H., Mashilo J., Laing D. (2021).
Opportunities and challenges of speed breeding : a review. Plant
breeding / volume 140, Issue 2 / p.185-194.
•Z.Zeng,H. Wang, G.D. Chen, G.J.Yan, C.J.Liu (2013). A
procedure allowing up to eight generations of wheat and nine
generations of barley per anum, Euphytica,Vol 191 pp 311-316

27. THANKYOU