Anxiety disorders
•
0 likes•220 views
This document discusses different types of anxiety disorders, including anxiety, fear, panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder, and agoraphobia. It describes the key characteristics of anxiety as a negative affect involving somatic tension and future-oriented worrying. Fear is defined as a strong sympathetic nervous system response to present danger. Panic attacks can be situationally bound, unexpected, or situationally predisposed. The document presents models of the causes of different anxiety disorders, showing how biological and psychological vulnerabilities can interact with stress, life events, and learned associations to trigger anxiety, fear, and panic.
More Related Content
Similar to Anxiety disorders
Similar to Anxiety disorders (16)
More from Zahiruddin Othman
More from Zahiruddin Othman (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Anxiety disorders
- 1. Anxiety Disorders Dr Zahiruddin Othman Department of Psychiatry School of Medical Sciences University Science Malaysia 14th July 2002
- 2. Anxiety, Fear, and Panic Attack Anxiety Negative affect Somatic symptom of tension Future-oriented Feeling that one cannot predict or control upcoming events Fear Negative affect Strong sympathetic NS arousal Immediate alarm reaction characterized by strong escapist tendencies in response to present danger or life threatening emergencies Panic attack Fear occurring at an inappropriate time 3 types Situationally bound (cued) Unexpected (uncued) Situationally predisposed
- 3. Biological Vulnerability To experience anxiety Stress Due to negative life events Anxious Apprehension Psychological vulnerability Worry Process Focus on variety of Minor life circumstances Intense cognitive processing Avoidance of imagery Restricted autonomic response Modified by lack of problem-solving skills Generalized Anxiety Disorder AnintegrativemodelofGAD
- 4. Typical Situations Avoided by a Person With Agoraphobia Shopping malls Cars Buses Trains Subways Wide streets Tunnels Restaurants Theaters Being far from home Staying at home alone Waiting in line Supermarkets Stores Crowd Planes Elevators Escalators
- 5. Interoceptive Daily Activities Typically Avoided by People With Agoraphobia Running up flights of stairs Walking outside in intense heat Hot, stuffy rooms Hot, stuffy cars Hot, stuffy stores or shopping malls Walking outside in a very cold weather Aerobic Lifting heavy objects Dancing Sexual relations Watching horror movies Eating heavy meals Standing quickly from a sitting position Having a sauna Getting angry Getting involved in “heated” debate Sports
- 6. Biological Vulnerability To anxiety Stress Due to significant life events False Alarm Associated with interoceptive cues e.g., pounding heart and dizziness Learned Alarm Psychological Vulnerability Anxious apprehension focusing on future alarm Involuntary physical or cognitive Symptoms of anxiety and additional Physical cues trigger learned alarms In an unpredictable manner Possible development of “agoraphobic” avoidance Determined by cultural, social, and Environmental factors and moderated by Presence of or absence of safety signals Amodelofthecausesofpanicdisorderwithor withoutagoraphobia
- 7. Biological Vulnerability To anxiety Stress Direct Experience Vicarious Experience Misinformation True Alarm Learned Alarm Anxious Apprehension Psychological vulnerability False Alarm Associated with specific Prepotent / prepared situation False Alarm Anxious Apprehension Psychological vulnerability Specific phobia