1. Nama : Yunus
NIM : D0221103
Kelas : Informatika_G
ADVERB
Pengertian, Jenis, Contoh, dan Fungsi Adverb
Adverb,ataukata ketengandalambahasaIndonesia,merupakanbagiandari partsof speechyang
sangat penting.Karenaadverbmemberikan keterangantambahanpadaadjectivedanadverbitu
sendiri.Di sampingitu,verbjugadapatmenjelaskanverbdanbahkankalimat.Berikutakan
dipaparkanpengertian,jenis,contoh,danfungsi adverb.
Pengertian Adverb
Adverbsoradverbsare words usedtodescribe adjectives,adverbs,verbs,andsentences.The use of
thisadverbcan be exemplifiedbythe sentences below
She is extremely strange.
Extremely (adverb) menjelaskan strange (adjective), membentuk frasa “sangat aneh”.
She speaks so fluently.
So (adverb) menjelaskan fluently (adverb), membentuk frasa “dengan sangat lancar”.
John runs fast.
Fast (adverb) menjelaskan run (verb), membentuk frasa “berlari (dengan) cepat”.
Fortunately, he is rich.
Forunately (adverb) menjelaskan kalimat he is rich (sentence).
Pada kalimatdi atas dapatdilihatbahwaadverbdapatmenjelaskanberbagai partsof speechyang
berbeda.
Jenis dan Contoh Adverb
The followingare typesandexamplesof adverbsinEnglish.
1. The Place and Direction
Adverb of place and direction adalah adverb yang menyatakan tempat dan arah (di
mana suatu hal dilakukan atau berada).
Bentuk:
word: here, there, outside,
inside, home, west, …
prepositional phrase: in that
school, beside the mosque, on
the desk, …
2. Contoh:
A very smart girl is
sitting there.
John and Ratna are discussing
many problems in the office.
I have been here.
2. Adverb of Manner
Adverb of manner adalah adverb yang menunjukkan cara (bagaimana suatu hal
dilakukan).
Bentuk:
word: fast, slow, hard, express,
quick, …
adjective + ly: fluently (fluent
+ ly), slowly (slow + ly), …
prepositional phrase: by
train/ bus/ car, by heart, on
foot, …
Bentuk:
word: fast, slow, hard, express,
quick, …
adjective + ly: fluently (fluent
+ ly), slowly (slow + ly), …
prepositional phrase: by
train/ bus/ car, by heart, on
foot, …
3. Adverb of Degree
Adverb of degree adalah adverb yang menunjukkan makna tingkatan atau intensitas
(seberapa kuat, lemah, sering, besar, dsb sesuatu itu).
Anggota:
so (begitu/ sangat)
very (sangat)
highly (sangat)
exceedingly (sangat)
extremely (sangat)
adequately (sangat)
pretty (sangat)
somewhat (agak)
fairly (agak)
rather (agak)
just (agak)
enough (cukup)
too (terlalu)
more (lebih)
…
Fungsi: menjelaskan adjective
The tool is highly useful.
It is fresh enough
It sounds very awkward
menjelaskan adverb
The man walked very fast.
3. She strode confidently enough into the room.
He lives so simply.
4. Adverb of Time
Adverb of Time adalah adverb yang menunjukkan waktu (kapan suatu kejadian
terjadi).
Anggota: definite time (waktu pasti)
singular word: yesterday, today, tomorrow, …
plural word: Saturdays, nights, …
phrase: Saturday night, last week, next month, a month ago, …
indefinite
time (waktu tak
pasti)
recently, lately,
nowadays, already,
immediately, soon,
later, …
chronological
order (urutan
kejadian)
now, then, before,
later, after(wards),
next first, ….
Contoh:
I am studying english
grammar now.
She will go there tomorrow.
Professor Tomski
has already come.
5. Adverb of Frequency
Adverb of frequency adalah adverb yang menyatakan frekuensi (seberapa sering suatu
kegiatan dilakukan atau sesuatu terjadi)
Anggota:
always, usually, normally,
often, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, rarely,
never, …
Anggota:
always, usually, normally,
often, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, rarely,
never, …
4. 6. Exclamatory Adverb
Exclamatory adverb adalah adverb yang digunakan dalam berseru. Pola:
How + adjective/ adverb + S V!
Contoh:
You are funny = How funny you are!
He becomes angry = How angry he
becomes!
She danced beautifully = How
beautifully she danced!
The man behaves badly = How badly the
man behaves!
7. Explanatory Adverb
Explanatory adverb adalah adverb yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan hal sejenis atau
untuk merincikan sesuatu.
Anggota:
contohnya: e.g. (exempli
gratia), for example, for
instance
seperti: such as, like, as
yakni, yaitu: i.e. (id est), viz.
(videlicet), namely
Contoh:
There are many interesting
places to visit in the city, e.g.,
the botanical garden and the
art museum.
I prefer to wear casual
clothes, such as jeans and a
sweatshirt.
Mark knows a few people
here, viz., Mr. Martin, Mrs.
Mary, and Robert.
8. Interrogative Adverb
Interrogative adverb adalah adverb yang digunakan untuk membuat pertanyaan.
Anggota:
Why = menanyakan alasan
Where = menanyakan tempat
When = menanyakan waktu
How = menanyakan cara,
jarak, durasi, …
Contoh:
Where did you buy this
comic?
When will you come here?
Why has she chosen the way?
5. How is she singing the
classical song?
How long will you travel?
9. Sentence Adverb
Sentence adverb adalah adverb yang berfungsi untuk menjelaskan keseluruhan
kalimat.
Anggota:
Fortunately, no one was
hurt.
Obviously, they will not finish
it on time.
The boy is surely the most
diligent in that class.
Contoh:
Where did you buy this
comic?
When will you come here?
Why has she chosen the way?
How is she singing the
classical song?
How long will you travel?
Posisi Adverb
The position of the adverb in the sentence follows the following conditions:
1. Place and Direction + Frequency + Time
I have been to London several
times this year.
2. Manner + Place + Time
Arifah studies seriously at
school everyday.
3. Auxiliary 1 + Adverb + (Auxiliary 2, Auxiliary 3) + Ordinary
I have almost finished working.
6. Fungsi Adverb
Apart from those mentioned in the types of adverbs above, other functions of adverbs in
English are as follows:
1. Emphasis (penekanan)
Only you come here.
2. Negation (negasi atau penyangkalan)
She does not look at us.
3. Conjunctive adverb (penyambungan)
Stop making that noise; otherwise, I’ll
call the police.
