This document provides guidance on properly handling and disposing of different materials. It discusses storing flammable materials safely, reading labels on containers, and not touching harmful materials. It also explains the importance of properly disposing of waste, whether biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Biodegradable materials like food scraps can be composted at home to create fertilizer, while non-biodegradable plastics and metals should be reduced, reused, or recycled to minimize environmental impact. Proper handling and disposal of materials is necessary to prevent fires, injury, and pollution.

1. HANDLING
DIFFERENT
MATERIALS

2. 1. Flammable materials or materials that easily catch fire must be store away
from fire. Example of these materials are; alcohol, gasoline, diesel and kerosene.
They should be labeled correctly and placed out of rich of children. If possible it
should be stored in a room outside the house or in a cabinet away from stoves,
heaters, electric wires, and other things that can cause a fire. If you see a
flammable materials NEVER ATTEMPT to open it, and if you are going to use for
science project, make sure to have the supervision of your parents or an adult in
your house.

3. 2. READ THE LABELS ON THE CONTAINER. Pay attention to the signs that is written in the
container. The signs indicate how the containers must be handled properly. Examples of
these materials are; Muriatic acid, and bleach. Some of the common signs and symbols
their meanings are as follows.
FLAMMABLE
(substance easily
catch fire)
EXPLOSIVE
(substance has
huge amounts of
energy that can
explode)
TOXIC
(substance can
cause death when
swallowed or
absorbed)
TOXIC
(substance can damage the
eyes, hands, and other parts
of the body parts it comes in
contact with)

4. 3. Always read the EXPIRATION DATE. It refers to the date beyond which is the
product should NO LONGER BE USED or EATEN. DO NOT eat, smell or use
products that is already expired.
4. NEVER TOUCH HARMFUL MATERIALS, they can cause injury, disease, or
death to people. ADULTS should be the one who will disposed them properly,
dumping off to the land may contaminates the soil and ground water.
5. NEVER WASH AWAY OR FLUSH WASTE MATERIALS INTO THE SINK. IT
might corrode or damage the pipes.

5. 6. WHEN TAKING A MEDICINE MAKE SURE TO HAVE THE GUIDANCE OF
ADULTS. Also, must be prescribed by the doctor, and follows the doctor’s advice on
the amount of medicine you have to take and the correct time to take it.
7. USED GLOVES IN HANDLING DECAYING MATERIALS and WAH YOUR HANDS
THOROUGHLY WITH SOAP AND WATER AFTERWARD. Decaying materials are
those materials that undergoes rotting, and they release high amounts of bacteria.
Bacteria that might cause serious health problems when getting on the body.

6. PROPER DISPOSAL OF WASTE
MATERIALS
 Waste materials can either be biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials.
1. BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS are materials that decays easily with the help of bacteria,
fungi and other organisms. Example: paper, left-over food, vegetable peelings, and dried
leaves.
2. 2. NON-BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS are materials that do not decay easily. They will
remain in the environment for a very long time. Example: materials made of plastics,
rubber, glass, and metal.

7. DISPOSING OF BIODEGRADABLE
MATERIALS
 BIODEGRADABLE materials undergo decomposition that results in the formation of
compost, nutrient-rich organic matter that can be used as fertilizers. Compositing is the
process by which the compost is formed. For example, a peel of a fruit that is thrown on
the ground is eaten by bacteria, slowly decays and turns into a natural compost or
fertilizers. You can make a home compost in a container by doing this in your backyard.
Here are the steps of making home compost.
1. A. choose a large container or large tin or plastic bin that will the compost. Put them in
your backyard that is out of people’s way.

8. 1. B. If you have enough space in your backyard, you can allot an area in which to
make a compost pile and mark this with a simple fence.
2. Into the bin or compost pile throw household wastes, along with leaves and grass
clippings/trimmed grass. And other materials that decays, do not include dairy
products, glossy paper, meats, plants that are sprayed with pesticides, oily products, and
waste of animals because it can affect the quality of the compost.
3. Using a thick stick or light spade or rake, turn the contents on the bin or pile regularly
to enable oxygen to circulate. Oxygen can speed up the decomposition of materials.
4. In several week or few months, you can find the waste turned into compost that can
be used as fertilizers.

9. DISPOSING OD NON-
BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS
 Because of rapid technological advancements or developments, many non-
biodegradable materials were disposed anywhere and contributes to major
dumps on Earth. It became a serious problem to every country and it includes
Philippines. To minimize the numbers, we can do the following ways; REDUCE,
REUSE, and RECYCLE.

10. 1. REDUCE
 Reduce or lessen the amount of waste produce. Here are the ways by which
you can do this.
1. Use whatever things to the maximum. Example; if your pencil is used for a
long time and its size is already in half, do not ask your parents to buy you a
new pencil. Instead, use it until no more useful.
2. Buy things that are durable. Durable means able to stand damage. For
example pencil made of wood is better than made of plastics. You can also
reduce the trash because woods decomposed easily, plastics are not.

11. 3. AVOID PRODUCTS THAT USE A LOT OF PACKAGING. Products that are
wrapped in many layers of paper and plastics consume a lot of materials, thus
increase trash.
4. HAVE BROKEN THINGS REPAIRED INSTEAD OF THROWING THEM. If you
have a toy that is broken, let your parents repair them and play it again instead
asking a new one.
5. TAKE GOOD CARE OF YOUR THINGS SO THEY WILL LAST LONGER.

12. REUSE
 Using things more than once. That is the purpose of buying Eco bag when buying
groceries, parents used them several times. Following are the ways to observe REUSE:
1. REUSE THINGS THAT YOUR OLDER BROTHER OR SISTER MAY HAVE ALREADY USED
THAT CAN STILL HAVE SAME PURPOSE. Example books, use them again.
2. AFTER USING PLASTIC CUPS, PAPER PLATES, AND PLASTIC UTENSILS, DO NOT
THROW THEM AWAY. Wash them well and store them correctly for the same use in the
future.
3. DO NOT THROW OLD CLOTHES, TOYS, AND SIMILAR ITEMS. You can donate them if
you’re no longer use them, others may use them for good.

13. RECYCLE
 Involves finding ways to use things other than those for which they were made or
designed.
 Example: rubber tires are made fro vehicles, paint them and be transformed into flower
plots.
tin cans can be remodeled and use to hold pens, pencils, and other writing
materials.
plastic bottles make unique flower vases.
glass jars can be recycled into trinket containers.