2. WHAT IS GENE MAPPING?
Genetic mapping is the creation of a genetic map and taking DNA
fragments and assigning them to different chromosomes.
Recombining DNA to figure out the distance between two genes.

3. TECHNIQUES OF GENE MAPPING
To do gene mapping first you must find the specific location of the
chromosome. Next stain your chromosome bands and the experimenter
identifies the similarities between people who show a trait and show a
similar staining pattern. Another way of mapping is by crossover
frequencies.
A company called 23andme are involved in gene mapping.

4. HUMAN GENOME PROJECT
• Starting in 1990, a 13 year long project conducted by the US Department of
Energy and the National Institution of Health.
• Luckily we had the computational devices we had back then or else they
would have never been able to hold all the information they needed.
Thousands of nuleotides and not knowing what to do with them.
GOALS:
1. Identify all of the 20,000-25,000 genes in the human body
2. Find the sequences of all 3 billion chemical base pairs in the human DNA
3. Store the info gathered
4. Improve the tools to analyze data
5. Transfer technology to private sectors
6. Address the social issues that would break out when the project was going
on
Though the project is over analysis would go on for several years

5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
• Medicine
• Agricultural Adaptations
• Energy and Environment
• Forensics
Disadvantages:
• Irreversible
• Religion
• Very Expensive

6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
"Chromosomes and Genetic Mapping." Chromosomes and Genetic
Mapping. Web. 23 May 2012.
<http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/bi/1994/chromosomes.html>.
"GeneticMap." The Benefits of Genetic Mapping. Web. 23 May 2012.
<http://geneticmap.net/benefits.php>.
"Genetic Engineering Advantages & Disadvantages - Genetics and
Evolution." Genetic Engineering Advantages & Disadvantages. Web. 23
May 2012. <http://www.biology-
online.org/2/13_genetic_engineering.htm>.