Digital Communication Essentials: DPCM, DM, and ADM .pptx
Rly ppt.pptx
1. A
TECHNICAL SEMINOR PRESENTATION
ON
AIR BRAKE SYSTEM IN INDIAN RAILWAY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGGOVERNMENT
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
GANGAVATHI-583227
Under the Guidance of
Prof. S MANJUNATH YADAV
Assistant Professor
Presented by
VIRUPAKSHA 3NG20ME404
2. HISTORY
The first air brake invented
by George Westinghouse in
1869he invited the public to a
trial run of a Pennsylvania
Railroad train fitted with his air
brake system. The train had to
make an emergency stop to
avoid hitting a horse carriage
that had stopped on a level
crossing
3. INTRODUCTION
In Railway wagon as well as in passenger cars the braking
system plays a very important role to stop the train, to maintain the
speed of the train within specific limit. Brakes are the devices on the
trains to bring it to standstill.
The vast majority of the world's trains are equipped with braking
systems which uses compressed air as the force to push the blocks on
to wheels or pads on to discs. These systems are known as "Air
Brakes" or "Pneumatic Brakes". The compressed air is transmitted
along the train through a "brake pipe". Changing the level of air
pressure in the pipe causes a change in the state of the brake on each
vehicle. The system is in widespread use throughout the world.
5. In the air brake's simplest form, compressed air pushes a piston
in a cylinder. The piston is connected to a brake shoe which can
rub on the train wheel, creating friction and stopping the train.
The compressed air comes from an air compressor in the
locomotive and is sent from car to car by a string of hoses and
pipes.
The standard Westinghouse Air Brake has the additional
enhancement of the triple valve (discharge valve), and local
reservoirs on each wagon that enable the brakes to be applied
fully with only a slight reduction in air pressure, reducing the
time that it takes to release the brakes as not all air is void to the
atmosphere.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE
6. FUNCTIONS OF COMPONENTS
COMPRESSOR:
The pump which draws air from
atmosphere and compresses it on
the train.
MAIN RESERVOIR:
Storage tank for compressed air
for braking and other pneumatic
system.
FEED PIPE OR BREAKING
PIPE:
To ensure that the brake pipe
pressure remains at the required
level.
7. AUXILIARY RESERVOIR:
which is used to store
air pressure is used as air source to the
air pressure into the brake cylinder
through distributor valve when brake
is applied
DISTRIBUTOR:
A distributor is a heart of
the air brake system the function of
distributor valve is to distribute
compressed air received from brake
pipe to auxiliary reservoir
TRIPLE VALVE:
The triple valve is so
named because it performs three
functions: It allows air into an air tank
, it applies the brakes, and it releases
them
9. INTRODUCTION
An alternative to the air brake, known as the vacuum brake, was
introduced around the early 1870s, the same time as the air
brake. Like the air brake, the vacuum brake system is controlled
through a brake pipe connecting a brake valve in the driver's cab
with braking equipment on every vehicle. The operation of the
brake equipment on each vehicle depends on the condition of a
vacuum created in the pipe by an ejector or exhauster. The ejector,
using steam on a steam locomotive, or an exhauster, using electric
power on other types of train, removes atmospheric pressure from
the brake pipe to create the vacuum. With a full vacuum, the brake
is released. With no vacuum, i.e. normal atmospheric pressure in the
brake pipe, the brake is fully applied.
10. In this system piston is at the bottom of the brake cylinder. A
vacuum has been created in the brake pipe, the vacuum reservoir and
underneath the piston in the brake cylinder. The removal of
atmospheric pressure from the system has caused the ball valve to
open the connection between the vacuum reservoir and the brake
pipe. The fall of the piston to the bottom of the brake cylinder
causes the brake blocks to be released from the wheels.
OPERATION
11. AUTOMATIC TRAIN CONTROL
Various measures are taken to improve railway traffic in
respect to safety & flexibility. Misinterpretation of signal aspects
by the train driver & false reactions due to bad visibility because
of rain, fog or smoke as well as incapacity of the driver can
endanger human life and goods. Auxiliary / Automatic warning
system, therefore can be considered as essential link within the
chain of safety provision.
12. Braking system is very important part of the railway wagon. Air
braking system is very advantageous system.
Air brake equipment can thus also be smaller and lighter. This
advantage increases at high altitude, e.g. Peru.
The main advantage for vacuum brakes is that the vacuum can be
created by a steam ejector with no moving parts, whereas an air
brake system requires a noisy compressor.
Many vacuum braking systems are change to air braking system
when the demand for braking power increases. The similarity in
both is brake controlled by Brake pipe
CONCLUSION
