basic detail of railway breaking system

1. AIR BRAKING SYSTEM IN
RAILWAYS
PRESENTED BY-
MD AHMED ZAKIR
14UME143

2. Contents
 History
 Introduction
 Working principle
 Functions of components
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Conclusion

3. History
 The first fail safe air brake system is based upon a design patented by George
Westinghouse on 5th March 1872
 An air brake is a conveyance braking system actuated by compressed air
 Before 1872 a piston like plate was used for continuous braking system

4. Air Brake Concept
 an air brake system is a type of friction brake for vehicles in which compressed
air pressing on a piston is used to apply the pressure to the brake pad needed to
stop the vehicle
 There are two types of braking system
1. Single pipe braking system
2. Twin Pipe braking system

5. Single Pipe Braking System
 Components
1. Main Reservoir
2. Compressor
3. Driver Brake Valve
4. Brake Pipe
5. Brake Cylinder
6. Auxiliary Reservoir
7. Brake Block
8. Triple valve

6. Working of Single Pipe Air Brake

7.  The air is drawn into a compressor and stored in a main reservoir at 7-
10 bar (100-140 lbs/sq.in).
 Compressed air from the main reservoir is distributed along the train
through the main reservoir pipe. On each vehicle, the pipe is
connected through a triple valve to an auxiliary reservoir which
stores air for use on that vehicle's brake system.
 The flow of air between the auxiliary reservoir and the brake cylinders
is controlled through the triple valve or distributor.
 The control of the distributor is achieved by varying the pressure in a
second pipe called the brake pipe, which is connected to a brake valve
in the drivers cab.
 Increasing the pressure in the brake pipe causes the brakes to
release, while decreasing the pressure causes the brakes to apply.

8. Driver's Brake Valve
 The driver controls the brake by
means of a valve in the cabin.
 The brake valve will have the
following positions:
1. Release
2. Lap
3. Application
4. Emergency.
There may also be a "Shut Down"
position, which locks the valve out of
use.

9. Operation
Brake Release: The driver has placed the brake valve in the "Release" position

10. Brake Application:
The driver has placed the brake valve in the "Application" position

11. Lap Position

12. Twin Pipe Braking Systems
 A problem with the design of the standard air brake is that it is possible to use up
the air in the auxiliary reservoir more quickly than the brake pipe can recharge it.
 Many runaways have resulted from overuse of the air brake so that no auxiliary
reservoir air is available for the much needed last application
 The problem can be overcome with a two-pipe system

13. Operation
Twin Pipe Braking System